Africa & Latin America:The Atlantic NetworkThe Atlantic Network

Chapter 19 & 20

European exploration perhaps exemplified by Columbus in 1492

But, don’t forget about Henry the Navigator

Era of Global Interaction

Remember?

European’s new technologies Succession of European maritime

powers1. Portugal (1400s)2. Spain (1500s)3. Dutch (1600s)4. Britain (1700s)

Creating a Maritime System

European exploration fosters a new type of empire building:

Control of port cities, shipping lanes, & profits rather than territory

Dominance & territorial gain was gradual European enclaves limited to coasts Less imposition of culture on locals

Imperialism?

1450-1750 constitutes the first wave of European imperialism

“Imperialism” Root of word = the act of building an empire More broadly = umbrella term that includes

different types of imperialism, like colonialism, but commonality of one country economically dominating another

Thus, 1450-1750 is not the “Age of Imperialism” yet, but it does begin

The Atlantic Network

Summarized by: Sugar! Silver! Slaves!

Africa & Latin America dominated by Portugal & Spain Because they’re the 1st explorers…

Other Europeans must take lands or fight for scraps

Spain & Portugal motivated by: Gold! God! Glory!

Africa & the Atlantic NetworkAfrica & the Atlantic NetworkChapter 20

Postclassical Legacy

• Bantu migrations

• Gold-Salt Trade

–Vibrant powerful kingdoms culturally & economically enriched by trade• Mansa Musa

Portuguese Arrive

• Why the Portuguese?

– Treaty of Tordesillas

• agreement b/t Spain & Portugal in 1494 in which

• Spain got rights to all lands west of the line of demarcation &

• Portugal got all lands east.

Portuguese Tap Existing Trade

• Send factors (agents / merchants)

• Build forts to protect lucrative trade (“factories”)

• Capitalize on pre-existing trade (previously spurred by Islam)– Gold, slaves

Factories: El Mina

Factories : El Mina

African Rivalries

• Trade w/ Europeans brings power & opportunities– African societies

jockey for trade– Greater

willingness to trade slaves

African Dependence

• Thirst for revenue & power ultimately led Africans to be dependent on European trade for slaves

Process of the Slave Trade

Moving Summarization

Hand signals to review sequence.

Example:

•5 Pillars

•American Revolution– Stamp Act -> Taxation -> Declaration of

Independence -> Revolution -> Surrender -> George Washington

Moving Summarization

Review your notes:

•Use hand/arm movements to relay the steps of the Atlantic slave trade from their source to their destination.

Creation of a Triangle Trade

Modern Slavery?

-Read your article about modern slavery.

-Then analyze how slavery has changed & stayed the same since the 1500s

Trans-Atlantic vs. Modern Slavery

Changes? Continuities?

Summarize article for partners. Causes? Effects? Parties involved?

Modern Slavery?

• Based on the article, complete 5 of the following. 1. I predict that…

2. I was reminded of _________________ when I read…

3. __________________________ happened because…

4. I wonder…

5. A question I have is…

6. I’m confused about…

7. The big ideas are…

West & Central African Kingdoms:

Asante, Dahomey, Benin, Kongo

West & Central African Kingdoms:

Asante, Dahomey, Benin, Kongo

• Those who participate in slave trade:– Become larger, more militarized & more

centralized

– Wealthy enriched & empowered

– Competed to win favor & trade advantages from the Europeans

Kongo

• What is the lesson learned from Kongo’s experience?– African leaders pressured to satisfy European

demands or become targets for slave raiders – Some Africans resisted– Resistance often led to decline

• Lost power militarily & economically to participating neighbors

• Spector of wealth sometimes led African merchants & nobles to circumvent royal decrees

What a person says is impacted by who they are and where they are

• This is known as “point of view” in WHAP– explaining how the circumstances and

background of the author affect a document

• Some things that impact pov:– Political ideology, Class, Race, Religion,

Nationality, Profession, Gender

• Not simply bias – everyone is biased

Common Ways to Address POV

Analyze the point of view of King Afonso.– “_________(author) emphasizes

_________(content) because ________(circumstance).”

– “_________(author) attempts to persuade _________(content) because ________(circumstance).”

– “_________(author) attempts to justify _________(content) because ________(circumstance).”

Comparing W.Af & E.Af

Similarities Differences

Comparing W.Af & Southern Africa

Similarities Differences