the art of systems
DESCRIPTION
Description of the body systems, and how to keep them healthy.TRANSCRIPT
Table of contents: Chapter 1: Introduction, and personal health goals Chapter 2: Main parts of a cell Chapter 3: Proteins, and how they are essential to our body Chapter 4: Lipids and how they keep our body healthy Chapter 5: The four main tissue types in our body Chapter 6: The integumentary system Chapter 7: The digestive, and muscular systems
The Chemistry of Life The purpose of this book is to help people learn about the different body systems and how they work. A health goal for everyone could be to eat more vegetables, and take vitamins daily. Also eating protein and watching the different foods you eat will help out with keeping your diet balanced.
A personal health goal that I have is to keep all of my body systems healthy, and start eating healthy so that later on in my life my body will function well.
The purpose of this book is to inform people about the different
parts of the body as well as how you can keep them healthy. Amongst the different things to eat to keep your body healthy protein is used for a majority of the different parts to keep them healthy. My health goal is to build muscle, as well as to eat protein, and other healthy foods.
The purpose of our books is to inform people of all the different
systems in the body. We go about that in many different ways, in which we make up stories and chapters that have to do with it—My personal health goal is to live to be a hundred and twelve. I will accomplish this by taking vitamins and drinking water.
A cell makes up what you are
they have many parts and functions that help them do many things. The main part of a cell is the nucleus, this is a large oval shaped body near the center of the cell it is basically the brain, which tells the other parts of the cell what to do.
The nucleoplasm is the protoplasm that is found in the nucleus
this contains genetic material which is chromosomes or DNA which you would pass on to your offspring if you had kids. The nucleolus is also found in the nucleus, and contains genetic information such as RNA. The cell membrane is the outer part of the cell it is what separates one cell from the other—no cell is like another.
Cytoplasm is outside of the nucleus, but within the cell membrane
and it is clear it contains structures called organelles. Vacuoles are clear fluid sacks that act as storage area for food, minerals and waste animal’s vacuoles are much smaller than plant vacuoles. The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of the cell, it is where the respiration of the cell happens, and they release energy for cell functions.
Ribosomes are bodies that help make up protein, which are typically found in cytoplasm. Endoplasmic Reticulum is a system of membranes that go throughout the cytoplasm and it connects the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane, as well as provides a passageway for material to move throughout the cell.
Golgi Bodies are tube like structures that have tiny sacs at their
end, which help with storing protein. Lysomes is a small structure that contains enzymes that are used to help the digestive system if a lysome were to break open it could destroy the cell.
One way to keep your cells healthy is to start eliminating poisons
from your diet and environment. Also you would want to get rid of bad eating habits, and start eating healthy foods. The human body is made
up of about 45% protein, and protein is required for building and repair of body tissues. Without protein in your diet, your body tissues can’t repair themselves if they are injured as well as they could so protein is good for your overall health. Protein is also a good source of energy especially if you are working out or doing some athletic exercise such as running
or playing sports. Without protein in your body you could not perform the tasks you can do today, and that is why it is vital that we stay on a healthy diet and eat foods that are good for us.
Carbohydrates are another part of the chemistry of life they help
by supplying energy for your body. Carbohydrates provide fuel for both the central nervous system and the muscular system, which helps you to keep up and moving daily so carbohydrates are very important. They are also in a large number of foods that we eat. Some examples of proteins are enzymes and hormones and many immune molecules, which help essential body processes, such as water balancing nutrient transport, and muscle contractions require proteins to function.
Lipids help the body absorb vitamins. Certain parts of the body
such as cell membranes are made of lipids and plasma, which can help with things such as steroidal hormones. The human body is made up of about 80% of water; most of the important chemical reactions that take place in your body require water. Ultimately waters importance can be because of its structure, waters structure gives it important properties that can make life possible for us. The human body contains about 1.3% sodium, and one third of sodium is found in our bones. We receive sodium by eating foods that contain it, which
helps make the bones stronger. Sodium helps our body to retain water, and also plays a role in nerve function and muscle contraction as well. Sodium works in close association with chloride and potassium, and plays a very important role in controlling the heartbeat. Sodium deficiency results in muscle cramps as well as headaches.
The main 4 tissues that you will find in the human body include epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue. Epithelial tissue covers the body surface, and also lines most of the internal cavities in your body. The major functions of the epithelial tissues include protection, secretion, filtration and absorption. Skin is an example of epithelial tissue because it protects the body from dirt, dust, bacteria and other harmful microbes.
Connective tissue if the most widely found tissue that is
distributed throughout the body—connective tissues functions include protection and support. Tissues that are considered connective tissues include fat tissue, dents, fibrous tissue, bone, cartilage and blood.
Muscle tissue has 3 main types they include skeletal, smooth and cardiac—skeletal muscle in the only type of voluntary muscle that we have. Smooth muscle is what is found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels, cardiac muscle is only found in one place of the body, which is your heart.
Nerve tissue is made of cells, which don’t only receive stimuli, but they also conduct impulses to and from all parts of the body.
Ways to keep your tissues healthy is by eating protein, and healthy foods.
The integumentary system is the biggest organ in or body—This system involves our hair, nails, skin follicles and glands. Our hair follicles are lined with cells that synthesize the proteins that form our hair, and when these pores get clogged that is what creates pimples. Our nails consist of highly modified epidermal cells; all of the cells forming the nail bed are linked together to form the whole nail. Homeostasis in our bodies includes protection, regulation of temperatures, water balance, synthesis or vitamins and hormones and absorption of materials. The skin’s main functions are to serve as a barrier for our body and prevent excessive fluid loss. We have heat and cold sensors in our body—So if it is to hot our sensors will tell our sweat glands to release a certain amount of water to cool down the body. Also when the temperature falls the sensor will tell the body to stop sweating and your body will start to generate heat, which is what causes shivering. Some skin receptors that we have are for things like pain and temperature. Skin cells synthesize melanin and carotenes, which gives the skin the color each person has, and our skin also helps in the synthesis of vitamin D. Some kids lacking vitamin D sometimes develop bone abnormalities.
Your digestive system is designed to turn the food you eat into energy that your body needs. The beginning of the digestive system is the mouth, when you eat food it mixes with your saliva and your food breaks down into a form that your body can absorb and use as energy. When you swallow the food it goes through the throat and travels to the esophagus—From the esophagus food travels to the stomach, and there is a valve that keeps the food from traveling back into the esophagus. The stomach is where most of the digestion occurs—The stomach releases acid and powerful enzymes that continue the process of breaking down food, and next it is sent to the small intestine. The small intestine is made up of three segments—It is a very long tube that is coiled up in the abdomen this also helps the breaking down of food by using enzymes released by the pancreas. The liver also releases bile, which helps with digestion of fats and eliminates waste from the blood. The duodenum is responsible for continuing the process of breaking down food, and the jejunum and ileum are responsible for absorbing the nutrients from the food into the bloodstream. All of these processes are very important in the breaking down of food.
The immune system is our body’s “defense system” against things such as viruses and bacteria. Our organs, tissues and cells work together to help respond to dangerous things like viruses that have entered out body. The anatomic response helps prevent threatening substances from entering our body—If these threatening organisms do get by then the inflammatory system goes to help get rid of them. Some ways to know that the inflammatory system is working are things like sneezing, runny noses or a fever occurring. If the anatomic response and the inflammatory response system both fail then the immune system takes
Over—This is the main part of the immune system, which is made up of white blood cells. These cells help fight infection, and some of these white blood cells migrate to the lymph nodes which help produce antibodies, which fight disease.
The muscular system is made up of different tissues that collaborate with the skeletal system to help the body move. Some muscles are voluntary, which means that you decide when you want to move them. Other muscles like your heart, intestines and other digestive organs are not voluntary which means that the nervous
system and hormones control them. Our bodies are made up of 3 different types of muscle tissues skeletal, smooth and cardiac all of these different tissues have the ability to contract and expand—This helps the body top function correctly. Smooth muscles, which are involuntary, are located inside organs such as the stomach and intestines. The cardiac muscle is found in the heart this is also involuntary.
In this book we describe some of the different body systems, how they work and how we can keep them healthy by doing some simple tasks daily. The intention of this book is to help people to understand how the different body parts work inside and out and to help people understand how vital it is to keep your body healthy.
About the authors:
We are three high school kids, and the reason we made this book was to give our opinion on health and what we think about it. Also to try to get other teenagers like us learn about the body, and how it works and how
they can keep it healthy.
What this book is about: This book is about the body systems and how they contribute very much to keeping us alive today, and what steps we can take to keep
them healthy and safe from dangerous organisms.
Sources:
http://www.wisegeek.com/contest/how-‐do-‐i-‐get-‐my-‐body-‐to-‐grow-‐healthy-‐cells.htm http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookintegusys.html http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0774536.html http://www.webmd.com/heartburn-‐gerd/your-‐digestive-‐system