the arrangement of electrons in atoms the development of the new atomic model
DESCRIPTION
Electromagnetic Radiation Includes visible light, x-rays, ultraviolet, infrared light, microwaves and radio waves. Exhibits wave like behavior. Is related to _________ and __________. What does the name suggest?TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
The Development of the New Atomic Model
![Page 2: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Dual Nature of Light
• Before 1900, scientists thought light behaved solely as a wave.
• We now know that light has particle-like characteristics as well.
• Some properties are best explained by light’s wave nature others by it’s particle nature.
![Page 3: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Electromagnetic Radiation
• Includes visible light, x-rays, ultraviolet, infrared light, microwaves and radio waves.
• Exhibits wave like behavior.• Is related to _________ and __________.
What does the name suggest?
![Page 4: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Electromagnetic Spectrum
![Page 5: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Wave Diagram
![Page 6: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Wave Characteristics
• Wavelength- The distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs.
• Frequency- The number of waves that pass a point each second (the unit is the Hertz, Hz). One complete wave or cycle per. second = 1 Hz.
• Velocity- Distance a peak moves in a unit of time.
![Page 7: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
c = f • velocity = frequency x wavelength• The speed (velocity) of electromagnetic waves is
constant (c).C = 3.0 x 108m/s
• If you know the frequency you can calculate the wavelength and…
• SO WHAT DOES ALL THIS HAVE TO WITH A NEW ATOMIC MODEL??
![Page 8: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
We are getting to that…It will take some time though.
It took the best minds in science years to explain …it should take us at least a few classes…so do not worry if it does not come easy.
![Page 9: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Why do we need to learn about this???
![Page 10: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• An understanding of the arrangement of electrons makes it possible to explain/predict the chemistry of the elements…in other words, it will make the rest of the course much easier…
• The more you understand about what things are made of including yourself, the universe and everything in it the more you will appreciate it.
• SO…
![Page 11: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
c = f• velocity = frequency x wavelength• The speed (velocity) of electromagnetic
waves is constant (c).C = 3.0 x 108m/s
• If you know the frequency you can calculate the wavelength and…
• What do different wavelengths relate to?
![Page 12: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DIFFERENT COLORS
• Each different color has a different wavelength.
• How does electromagnetic radiation with a short wavelength effect you?
• How does electromagnetic radiation with a long wavelength effect you?
review the spectrum…
![Page 14: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How are wavelength and frequency related???
…as the length of the wave increases the
frequency_______________.
![Page 16: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Photoelectric Effect
• When light shines on certain metals an electric current is produced (electrons are emitted from the metal).
• Only light of a certain minimum frequency can cause electrons to move.
• This could not be explained by the wave theory of light…
![Page 17: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Quantum• A small specific amount of energy.• The minimum amount of energy that can
be lost/gained by an atom.• The energy of a quantum is related to its
frequency.E = h f
Energy = Plank’s constant x frequencyh = 6.626 x 10-34 j . s
• Higher frequency higher energy
![Page 18: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Shining light on a metal can liberate electrons from it’s surface.•Easy for violet (high frequency) difficultor impossible for red light (low frequency).
•E = h f …the energy of the light is related to it’s frequency ( high f = high E).•Einstein explained the photoelectric effect…light has a particle nature. High frequency light (violet) consists of ‘particles’ with a high energy (think bowling balls) low frequency light (red) consists of ‘particles’ with a low energy(think ping pong balls).•Particles of light are called photons… defined as a quantum of light energy.
![Page 22: The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Development of the New Atomic Model](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062413/5a4d1b467f8b9ab0599a3986/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Answer The Following
• Pg 97 # 1,4 & 5• Pg 118 # 4, 6• Pg 119 # 31, 32