the americans page 262. andrew jackson 3 column chart kitchen cabinet spoils system veto power
TRANSCRIPT
The Americans
Page 262
Andrew Jackson 3 Column Chart
Kitchen Cabinet
Spoils System
Veto Power
For your assigned category give examples that show Jackson’s changes in government.
Lime – Kitchen Cabinet
Yellow – Spoils System
Blue – Veto Power
The Americans – page 262 to 263
Upper Left Hand Column
A B C D E F
There should be one person of each color in your group of 3.
Share your notes (verbally) with your group mates so they can take down the notes on their chart
Andrew Jackson: The Common Man
What makes him a common man?
Born in poverty in North Carolina backcountry Son of Scotch-Irish immigrants First President without a college education Had careers in law, politics, land speculation,
cotton planting, and soldiering prior to Presidency
Political Beliefs
Believed he represented the nation as a whole
Disliked people who obtained power from wealth
Relied on Kitchen Cabinet – personal friends who advised him in political and governmental decisions
Actions as President
Used spoils system, a practice in which he fired and replaced 10% of government employees with his loyal supporters
Vetoed more bills than did all previous Presidents combined
Signed pork-barrel bills – those that benefited his political friends You will still hear this phrase today!
Treatment of Indians
Indian Removal Act of 1830 – forced Indians west to land that later became Oklahoma
Black Hawk War of 1832 – Illinois, Indians who resisted Jackson’s plan slaughtered by local militia
Jackson’s removal of the Cherokees – ignored the Supreme Court decision in Worcester v Georgia (1832) allowing the Cherokees to remain in Georgia
2 Major Issues of Jackson’s Presidency
States’ Rights
Second Bank of the United States
States’ Rights
States’ Rights
Senator Benton of Missouri
Proposal Unsold federal lands
be reduced in price or given away
Northern states disagreed Power play by Western
states
Tariff of Abominations
Tariff on British goods Caused hardships only to Southern states VP John Calhoun devised a nullification plan:
each state had the right to nullify (cancel) a national law (tariff) within its borders if it felt that the law was unconstitutional
South Carolina threatened to secede (withdraw) from the Union if forced to pay tariffs any longer
National DebateJanuary 1830 Senator Robert Hayne South Carolina States’ Rights
Senator Daniel Webster Massachusetts Federal Rights
Jackson decides
To support federal rights Disagrees with his VP Decides that Martin Van Buren will be his VP
candidate in 1832 election
Outcome
Force Bill (1833) legalized the use of federal militia against the state
South Carolina repealed (ended) its nullification ordinance in response to the Force Bill
Second Bank of the United States
Banks . . .
Jackson considered them a symbol of the privileged class, and therefore, a threat to democracy.
States considered them too strong a competitor
Farmers distrusted paper money issued by bank; preferred hard money
Bank Leader, Nicholas Biddle, was disliked
1831: Senator Benton (Missouri) introduced a resolution against renewing the bank
Bank became most important issue of 1832 Election Jackson moved federal funds ($) into chosen state
banks (known as pet banks by opponents) Biddle refuses loans to new businesses (1832-1833)
due to large amount of federal money removed from banks
State banks – printed more $ than what was deposited – value of $ declines
Outcome
US financial capital moved from Philadelphia to New York (still there today!)
Formation of Whig Party Supporters of States’ Rights People who opposed Jackson’s bank policies Opposed a chief executive having too much
power
Chapter 10 Section 3
Daily Activity – Nullification Crisis Enrichment Activity – Henry Clay and the
Bank