Southern Colonies

Essential Questions

• What reason(s) were individuals coming to America?

• Why did these individuals believe life would be better in America?

Essential Questions

• What political, economic, and religious challenges faced the new settlers?

• How did the settlers combat these political, economic, and religious challenges?

Tobacco

Rice

Maryland Was Important to Roman Catholics

• 1632—Sir George Calvert became a Roman Catholic. He asked King Charles I for a colony in the Americas for Catholics. Calvert died. His son, Lord Baltimore, took over.

Lord Baltimore

Maryland

• 1634—Settlers arrived in Maryland. Lord Baltimore appointed a governor and council of advisers, but he let colonists elect an assembly.

Maryland

• 1649—Lord Baltimore asked the assembly to pass an Act of Toleration, a law that provided religious freedom for all Christians.

Bacon’s Rebellion

•Settlers arrived in Virginia, expecting profits from planting tobacco.

Bacon’s Rebellion

• Wealthy planters already had the best lands near the coast. Newcomers were pushed farther inland, onto Indian lands.

Bacon’s Rebellion

•Settlers and Indians clashed.

Bacon’s Rebellion

•Settlers asked the governor for help. He wouldn’t act.

Bacon’s Rebellion

• In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon organized angry frontier planters. They raided Native American villages, then burned Jamestown.

Bacon’s Rebellion

•The revolt soon ended when Bacon died suddenly.

CarolinasNorth:

• poor tobacco farmers from Virginia

• small farms

CarolinasSouth:• eight English nobles• Charles Town• settlers from the Caribbean• rice and indigo, a plant used to make

blue dye• enslaved Africans

Indigo Plant

Georgia Founded

Georgia• James Oglethorpe• debtors, or people who

owed money and could not pay

James Oglethorpe

Formative Question

•The Southern Colonies were especially known for ...

a) shipbuilding.

b) fishing and whaling.

c) rice and tobacco.

Formative Question

•One reason why the slave trade grew was that ...

a) plantations needed large numbers of workers.

b) so many slaves died during the voyage.

c) colonists were defying the Quakers who spoke out against it.

Why the Slave Trade Grew in the 1700s ?

1619

•First enslaved Africans arrived in Virginia

1600s

•Some Africans remained enslaved, some were servants, a few were free.

Early 1700s

•Carolina plantations needed large numbers of workers.

• The planters came to rely on slave labor

1700s

• Slave ships carried millions of enslaved Africans west across the Atlantic.

• Colonists enacted slave codes.

• Many colonists displayed racism, though a few spoke out against slavery.

Middle Passage

Social Classes in Colonial Society

Gentry• wealthy planters,

merchants, ministers, successful lawyers, royal officials

Social Classes in Colonial Society

Middle Class• farmers, skilled crafts workers, some

trades peopleLower Class• farmhands, indentured servants—

people who signed contracts to work without wages in return for their ocean passage—and slaves

The Great Awakening encouraged people to

a) remain in the churches they had grown up with.

b) worship in a calm, quiet atmosphere.

c) think more independently about their political rights and governments.

Benjamin Franklin is a good example of the Enlightenment spirit because he

a) used reason to invent practical devices and create public services.

b) rose from the lower class to the middle class.

c) published the first regular weekly newspaper in the English colonies.

Review for Test/Study Guide Chapter 4

•Page 122 Triangular Trade (Notes)

•Essential Questions

Essential Questions

• What reason(s) were individuals coming to America?

• Why did these individuals believe life would be better in America?

Essential Questions

• What political, economic, and religious challenges faced the new settlers?

• How did the settlers combat these political, economic, and religious challenges?

Mercantilism

•Economic theory stating that a nation became strong by controlling trade.

Export

•To sell goods outside a country.

Triangular Trade

Legislature

•A group of people with the power to make laws.

Bill of Rights

•A written list of freedoms a government promises to protect.