The American NationThe American Nation

Chapter 3- Section 1

An Era of Exploration 8th Grade Social Studies

Honors

Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts – What do these things have in

common???

Corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts – What do these things have in

common???

They all came from the Native Americans.

MythBusters – Who was Columbus?MythBusters – Who was Columbus?

What do I know about Columbus?

Fact or Myth – Who was Columbus?Fact or Myth – Who was Columbus?

Fact Myth

Chapter 3, Section 1

An Era of ExplorationAn Era of Exploration

Objectives to learn:• Why did the voyage of Christopher Columbus have

a more lasting impact than earlier voyages?• How did Spanish explorers find a route across the

Pacific Ocean?• How did exploration set off a global exchange of

goods and ideas?

Closure – Day 1Closure – Day 1

• Exit Ticket: Write down one new thing you learned about Columbus on the index card with your name. You must hand this in before you leave class.

• Homework: Read Chapter 3 – Section 1 (pp.68-72) and complete • Vocabulary worksheet• Part B – Reviewing Key People

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

• You will need 8 pieces of scrap paper torn into pieces.

• On the 8 pieces – write the following on each piece:• Columbus• Ericson• Balboa• Magellan• Turning Point• Colony• Columbian Exchange• Circumnavigate

• When a picture comes up, raise the piece of paper that you think is the correct answer.

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

A group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled

by the government of

their native land.

Colony

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

A moment in history that

marks a decisive change.

Turning Point

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

• Sailed for Vikings• Explored: Newfoundland and

what is today Canada• No claims or settlements

Leif Erickson

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

Global exchange of goods and

ideas between Eastern and

Western hemispheres

Columbian Exchange

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

• Sailed for Spain

• Explored: Sailed around the World

• Claimed: Pacific Ocean sea route, islands in the Pacific Ferdinand Magellan

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

Sail completely around

Circumnavigate

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

• Sailed for Spain• Explored: Caribbean/West Indies• Claimed: Central America for New

Spain• Settled: Hispanola

Christopher Columbus

Reviewing Key Terms and PeopleReviewing Key Terms and People

• Sailed for Spain• Explored: Central

America near Isthmus of Panama

• Claimed: Isthmus of Panama

• No settlement

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

I. Early Voyages to the AmericasI. Early Voyages to the Americas

A. 1001 – Leif Ericson and Vikings reached the northern tip of North America1. Called it Vinland (modern day Newfoundland)2. Fought with Inuits (called Skraelings)

B. Other early voyages1. Asians crossed the Bering Strait 2. Polynesians on canoes3. Fishing boats from Japan and china

C. History Channel: Leif Ericson Before Columbus http://www.history.com/topics/christopher-columbus/videos#leif-erickson-vs-christopher-columbus (3:50)

D. Cause and Effect???

Leif EricsonLeif Ericson

Christopher Columbus

What was Columbus hoping to find by sailing West across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain?

China

In 1451, Columbus was born in which Italian city?

Genoa

What was the real name of Christopher Columbus?

4. At what age did Columbus begin sailing on merchant ships?

5. What was the nickname for the Atlantic Ocean?

Cristoforo Colombo

14

Sea of Darkness

Early Life of Christopher Columbus (5:26)*

Early Life of Christopher Columbus (5:26)*

What events in Columbus’s early life influenced his explorations?

Columbus Planning His Voyage (2:56)*Columbus Planning His Voyage (2:56)*

Make a timeline of Columbus’s quest for his Enterprise of the Indies. It should include 4 key events.

II. Columbus Reaches the AmericasII. Columbus Reaches the Americas

A. Portuguese controlled trade route around Africa to Asia

B. Spain wanted a trade route to get Asian spices1. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella financed Christopher Columbus’ voyage2. The Atlantic Crossing (Aug.- Oct. 1492)

a. 3 ships – Santa Maria, Pinta, Ninab. Columbus thought he had reached the

East Indies- Islands in the Caribbean were called the West Indies

C. Cause and Effect???

Columbus Reaches the AmericasColumbus Reaches the Americas

(left) Queen Isabella and (right) King Ferdinand

How many ships and men were promised to Columbus for his voyage?

What were the names of the ships on Columbus’ first voyage?3 ships and 90 men

Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria

The First Voyages of Columbus (11:22) – (Honors)

The First Voyages of Columbus (11:22) – (Honors)

Complete cause and effect chart describing the impact of Columbus's voyages.

II. Columbus Reaches the AmericasII. Columbus Reaches the Americas

C. Spain authorizes colonies1. Christopher Columbus brought back gifts for King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella2. Columbus spoke of the Taino Indians3. Columbus was given title: “Admiral of the Ocean Sea”4. Spain financed further voyages 5. Columbus’ three more voyages

a. 1493 – founded the first Spanish colony on the island, Hispaniola b. Colony = A group of people who settle in a distant land, but are still ruled by the

government of their native land. c. Columbus a better explorer than governor? d. 1506 – Columbus died

D. Cause and Effect???

Where did the term “Indian giver” come from?

How was every Indian over the age of 14 treated?

Native Americans wanted items loaned to the Spanish returned. The Spanish mistakenly thought they were

gifts.

They were made into slaves and forced to mine for gold.

Columbus believed that he had found the Garden of Eden while exploring the Orinoco River. Which modern country

was Columbus exploring?

Venezuela

Why was Columbus arrested in 1500 and sent back to Spain in chains?

He was caught killing troublesome Spanish sailors by hanging.

In what year did Columbus begin his 4th and final voyage?1502

How did Columbus trick the Indians of Jamaica into feeding his crew?

Knowing an eclipse would soon occur, he threatened to take away the moon. After the eclipse occurred, the Native Americans were fearful of Columbus and fed his crew.

In what year did Columbus die, and how old was he?He died in 1506 at the age of 55.

Tomb of Christopher Columbus, Cathedral of Seville.

History Channel – Bone Voyage of Columbus: http://www.history.com/videos/christopher-columbus-bon-voyage#christopher-columbus-bon-voyage

Chapter 3, Section 1

***III. The Lasting Impact of Columbus’s Voyage***

***III. The Lasting Impact of Columbus’s Voyage***

A. Columbus founded the first Spanish colony in the Americas.

B. Columbus’s voyages began a lasting contact among the peoples of Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

C. For Native Americans, contact had tragic results.

D. His voyages marked a turning point in world history.1. Turning Point —A moment in history that marks a decisive change

E. Cause and Effect???

Chapter 3, Section 1

A Global Exchange of Goods and IdeasA Global Exchange of Goods and Ideas

A. Europeans brought new ideas, plants, animals, and diseases to the Americas.

B. Native Americans introduced new ideas, plants, and animals to the Europeans.

C. Because this exchange began with Columbus, it is called the Columbian Exchange.

Chapter 3, Section 1

A Global Exchange of Goods and IdeasA Global Exchange of Goods and Ideas

Closure – Day 2Closure – Day 2

Homework: NoneExit Ticket: Write down the term that

defines this statement on an index card with your name. Pass this in before you leave class.:

• Global exchange of goods and ideas between the Old World (Europe/Asia) and the New World (Americas).

Introduction – Day 3Cause and Effect Chart

Introduction – Day 3Cause and Effect Chart

Columbus

Amerigo Vespucci’s Voyage to the New World (1:40)*

Amerigo Vespucci’s Voyage to the New World (1:40)*

Chapter 3, Section 1

***IV. Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific Ocean******IV. Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific Ocean***

A. By 1511 – Spanish conquered Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Cuba.

B. 1513 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed the isthmus of Panama to claim the Pacific Ocean for Spain

C. 1519 - Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition sailed westward from Spain. His ships circumnavigated, or sailed completely around, the world.

Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific OceanVasco Nunez de Balboa

Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific OceanVasco Nunez de Balboa

Vasco Nuñez de Balboa

(1475 - 1519)

Explorations for SpainAtlantic Ocean

Cool! I, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, the great conquistador, am the first European to see the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean!

Explorations for Spain

• Ferdinand Magellan led the first voyage around the world.

Animation: Magellan’s Voyage

Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific OceanFerdinand Magellan

Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific OceanFerdinand Magellan

The First Voyage Around the World (6:03)*

The First Voyage Around the World (6:03)*

Closure – Day 3Spanish Explorer Activities

Closure – Day 3Spanish Explorer Activities

• Pretend you are on the voyages of Balboa and Magellan• Write two ship logs explaining what it

would be like on their voyages. • Each is worth 10 points.

• Exit Ticket: For a History Buck, who would like to share it with the class.

• Homework: Finish ship logs.

Chapter 3, Section 1

Section 1 Review – Exit Ticket/ReviewSection 1 Review – Exit Ticket/Review

Columbus’s voyages to the Americas had a more lasting impact than earlier ones because Columbus’s voyages

a) brought smallpox to the Native Americans.b) were the beginning of lasting contact among peoples of many

continents.c) became the subject of many songs and stories.d) let people know how wide the Pacific Ocean is.

The Columbian Exchange changed the lives of a) people around the world.b) just the Native Americans.c) Europeans only.d) Europeans and Native Americans.

Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.

Chapter 3, Section 1

Section 1 ReviewSection 1 Review

Columbus’s voyages to the Americas had a more lasting impact than earlier ones because Columbus’s voyages

a) brought smallpox to the Native Americans.b) were the beginning of lasting contact among peoples of many

continents.c) became the subject of many songs and stories.d) let people know how wide the Pacific Ocean is.

The Columbian Exchange changed the lives of a) people around the world.b) just the Native Americans.c) Europeans only.d) Europeans and Native Americans.

Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.

Persuasive Essay RemindersPersuasive Essay Reminders

• Introduction (at least 3 sentences)• Should state topic – “villain or hero”• “I” should not be used – NO “I think Columbus…”• Should introduce in complete sentences main ideas

of pieces of evidence that will be used to support topic

• Body Paragraphs (at least 3 sentences)• New paragraphs for new pieces of evidence• Each piece of evidence should be supported by at

least 2 details• Remember to indent new paragraphs

• Conclusion (at least 3 sentences)• Summarize important points• Restate topic with supportive pieces of evidence

Closure – Day 6Closure – Day 6

• Exit Ticket: Write the letter of the best choice on the index card with your name. Please pass it in before you leave class.

Europeans began to fully explore the Americas only after this explorer reached the West Indies in the Caribbean.

A. Magellan B. Leif Ericson C. Balboa D. Columbus• Homework: Persuasive Writing Columbus

Essay