the affordable care act and new yorkers: the gift that keeps on giving

8/3/2019 The Affordable Care Act and New Yorkers: the Gift That Keeps On Giving

1/22

T|nomi Tgomi}eck Lk|ie{mgc H|ckgH cLz}g~b@ec|e~} >45>

[al ehhg~kenol Ie~l eI[eck clz }g~bl~y0

[alJmh[[ae[Bllty GcJmxmcJ


2/22

[al

Ehhg~kEnol

IE~l

EI[

Eck

clz

]g~bl~y

0[al Jmh[ [aE[ blltygc JmxmcJ

t|nomI tgomI]Eck lk|IE[mgc h|ckgh clz ]g~b

=; Ilc[~Eo Exlc|l

EonEc]/ c] 5>>48


3/22

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m# mc{~gk|i{mgc ######################################################################################################5

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mmm# NLcLhm{Yhg~ tLgtoLzm{a t~mxe{L mcY|~eciL #########################################################:

mx# Yfeoo N|YmcLYYLYeck cgc&t~ghm{Y ################################################################### 54

x# YLcmg~Y/ tLgtoLzm{a kmYeNmom{mLYeck {agYL zm{a YL~mg|Y aLeo{a ie~L cLLkY #########55

xm# iamok~Lceck }g|cj ek|o{Y ############################################################################59

xmm# igcio|Ymgc0 {aL gxL~eoo NLcLhm{Y{g cLz }g~bL~Ymc{aL h|{|~L ########################5454/

aey eo~lek} mft~gxlk eck zmoo igc{mc|l {g mft~gxl{al exemoenmom{}/ eg~kenmom{} eck u|eom{} gh aleo{a

mcy|~ecil mc Clz ]g~b Y{e{l#

nlclhm[ygh[al oEz [aE[ E~l Eo~lEk]mc toEIl

Al~l e~l amjaomja{y g {al fe`g~ nlcl{y g {al oez {g

Clz ]g~bl~y {ae{ e~l eo~lek} mc toeil0

Fmoomgcy g Clz ]g~bl~y aexl eo~lek} nlcl{lk

~gf {al t~gamnm{mgc mc {al EIE g oml{mfl omfm{y

mc mcy|~ecil tgomimly#

>#8 fmoomgc Clz ]g~bl~y kmk cg{ aexl {g te} ig&

te}flc{y g~ klk|i{mnoly g~ t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily mc

>454 k|l {g {al nec mc EIE g y|ia iae~jly#

>1/944 Clz ]g~b ylcmg~y eck tlgtol zm{a

kmyenmom{mly mc {al Flkmie~l kg|jac|{ agol

~lilmxlk e +>454# [al EIE zmoo

t~gxmkl ekkm{mgceo alot g~ tlgtol mc {al kg|jac|{

agol mc |{|~l }le~y#

5=5/444 Clz ]g~bl~y |ckl~ >8 e~l lomjmnol g~ {al

}g|cj ek|o{ igxl~ejl t~gxmklk |ckl~ {al EIE/

eck {lcy g {ag|yecky aexl nligfl igxl~lk yg

e~#

nlclhm[ygh[al oEz mc[al h|[|~l

Eck {al nly{ my }l{ {g igfl0 fec} g {al oezy

t~g{li{mgcy e~l cg{ mc toeil {gke}# Mc g~kl~ {g lcy|~l

{ae{ Clz ]g~bl~y ~leompl {al |oo nlcl{y g {a

lkl~eo oez/ oljmyoe{mgc my cllklk {g i~le{l e aleo{a

mcy|~ecil lqiaecjl mc g|~ y{e{l0 e fe~bl{toeil g~

{al t|~iaeymcj g aleo{a mcy|~ecil e{ e kmyig|c{lk

t~mil n} mckmxmk|eoy eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly# Al~l e~l

ygfl g {al fe`g~ nlcl{y g {al EIE {ae{ zl iec

lqtli{ mc {al |{|~l0

\t {g 5#> fmoomgc |cmcy|~lk Clz ]g~bl~y e~l

t~g`li{lk {g nligfl mcy|~lk n} >45;/ {a~g|ja

te~{mimte{mgc mc {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl eck

k|l {g {al EIEy lcaecilflc{y {g {al lkl~e

Flkmiemk t~gj~ef#

[al ly{enomyaflc{ g e Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl mc >45;

zmoo nlcl{ mckmxmk|eoy eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly n}

lcy|~mcj {al} aexl jggk aleo{a mcy|~ecil iagmily

{ae{ fll{ {alm~ cllky eck alotmcj {g bllt aleo{a

mcy|~ecil t~lfm|fy fg~l ehg~kenol#

[al exl~ejl Clz ]g~b ag|ylagok my t~g`li{lk

{g yexl +5/585 ecc|eoo} zalc {al oez my |oo

mftolflc{lk/ zm{a ogzl~ mcigfl ag|ylagoky

yexmcj ymjcmiec{o} fg~l#

Zl nlomlxl {ae{ zm{a e y|imlc{ lqt~lyymgc g y|ttg~{

n} exl~ejl Clz ]g~bl~y/ {al Oljmyoe{|~l eck {al

Jgxl~cg~ zmoo teyy lqiaecjl oljmyoe{mgc mc >45> {ae{

zmoo eoogz fmoomgcy g Clz ]g~bl~y {g lc`g} {al |o

nlcl{y g {amy oeckfe~b lkl~eo oez#

lqlI|[mxl y|ffE~]


5/22

Aleo{a ie~l ~lg~f zmoo omblo} ~le~ m{y alek ey/ m cg{ {al

fgy{/ gcl g {al fgy{ igc{~gxl~ymeo myy|ly g {al >45>

tgom{mieo }le~ mc Clz ]g~b# N|{ ec} igcxl~ye{mgc eng|{

{al Ehg~kenol Ie~l Ei{ !EIE- f|y{ nljmc zm{a {alei{y# [agyl ei{y mcio|kl {al ze}y yfeoo n|ymclyyly

eck mckmxmk|eo Clz ]g~bl~y e~l ymjcmiec{o} nlcl{mcj

~mja{ cgz ~gf {al >454 lkl~eo oez# [al ekkm{mgceo

nlcl{y {g igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly zmoo

nligfl e ~leom{} gco} m {al Clz ]g~b Y{e{l Oljmyoe{|~l

eck Jgxl~cg~ teyy oljmyoe{mgc {g ly{enomya e Clz ]g~b

aleo{a mcy|~ecil lqiaecjl0 {al fliaecmyf fmoomgcy

zmoo |yl {g jemc u|eom{}/ ehg~kenol aleo{a mcy|~ecil

nlcl{y# [amy ~ltg~{ lqtoemcy agz {al teyyejl g {al

EIE my ekkmcj {g {al ligcgfmi yli|~m{} g fmoomgcy

g mckmxmk|eoy eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly mc Clz ]g~b# Zlt~lylc{ igftloomcj y{e{my{miy ey {g {al c|fnl~ {ae{ e~l

mftei{lk eck {al fgcl{e~} nlcl{y# Zl eoyg ioe~m}

agz |oo mftolflc{e{mgc n} y{e{l oezfebl~y zmoo febl

ec lxlc fg~l ymjcmiec{ kmhl~lcil mc {al aleo{a ie~l

eck {al omxly g exl~ejl Clz ]g~bl~y#

Zl kgi|flc{ mc {amy ~ltg~{ {ae{ fmoomgcy g Clz

]g~bl~y/ cg fe{{l~ zae{ {alm~ ym{|e{mgc nlg~l {al

oez zey teyylk && mcy|~lk eck |cmcy|~lk/ tlgtol zm{a

lftog}l~&t~gxmklk mcy|~ecil eck tlgtol gc Flkmie~l

&& e~l fg~l yli|~l {gke} nlie|yl g {al EIE# Yfeoo

n|ymclyyly e~l eoyg ymjcmiec{o} nlcl{mcj/ t~mfe~mo}

nlie|yl g {al {eq i~lkm{y mc {al oez && eo~lek} mc toeil &&

{g alot {alf n|} aleo{a mcy|~ecil g~ {alm~ lftog}lly#

Eck fmoomgcy fg~l zmoo nlcl{ gcil e y{e{l lqiaecjl

my ly{enomyalk/ k|l {g le{|~ly ombl {al t~lfm|f {eq

i~lkm{y {g alot mckmxmk|eoy n|} aleo{a mcy|~ecil/ {al

eyymy{ecil t~gxmklk {g mckmxmk|eoy eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly

{g yloli{ aleo{a toecy {ae{ fll{ {alm~ cllky/ eck

{al fliaecmyfy mc {al oez {g agok aleo{a mcy|~l~y

eiig|c{enol eck i|~{emo |cem~ aleo{a mcy|~l~ t~ei{mily#

[al ng{{gf omcl my {ae{ {al EIE/ {al oeckfe~b aleo{a

ie~l ~lhg~f oljmyoe{mgc teyylk n} Igcj~lyy mc Fe~ia

gh >454/ aey eo~lek} mft~gxlk eck zmoo igc{mc|l {g

ymjcmiec{o} mft~gxl {al exemoenmom{}/ eg~kenmom{}

eck u|eom{} gh aleo{a mcy|~ecil mc Clz ]g~b Y{e{l#

Zl agtl {al ei{y eyylfnolk mc {amy ~ltg~{ zmoo yt|~ {al

t|nomi eck {al Oljmyoe{|~l {g ei{mgc mc >45># Klytm{l {al

zmkl xmymnmom{} g {al y{~|jjoly gxl~ aleo{a ie~l ~lg~f

ymcil {al nljmccmcj g {al Gnefe ekfmcmy{~e{mgc/ ;

mc 54 Efl~miecy !;>,- yemk mc Klilfnl~ {ae{ {al}

zl~l y{moo cg{ y|~l agz {al oez zmoo ehli{ {alm~ gzc

efmomly# [amy t|nomi igc|ymgc my ~lli{lk mc i|~~lc{

tgoomcj0 Efl~miecy jlcl~eoo} y|ttg~{ {al mckmxmk|e

igftgclc{y g {al EIE/ eo{ag|ja {al} e~l ytom{ gc

{alm~ tgym{mgc gc {al oez mc jlcl~eo#5

5 [al oe{ly{ Bemyl~ {~eibmcj tgoo yagzy {ae{ :=, g Efl~miecy y|ttg~{ aleo{amcy|~ecil lqiaecjly/ :455-/ a{{t0''zzz#bh#g~j'bemyl~tgooy'|togek'1>8


6/22

Mc g~kl~ {g lcy|~l {ae{ Clz ]g~bl~y ~lilmxl {al |oo

nlcl{y g {al EIE/ {al Jgxl~cg~ eck {al Oljmyoe{|~l

f|y{ ei{ oljmyoe{mxlo} {g i~le{l e aleo{a mcy|~ecil

lqiaecjl mc g|~ y{e{l0 e fe~bl{toeil g~ {al

t|~iaeymcj g aleo{a mcy|~ecil e{ e kmyig|c{lk t~mil

n} mckmxmk|eoy eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly#

Mc >455/ {al Clz ]g~b Y{e{l Ylce{l lcklk m{y ylyymgc

zm{ag|{ ei{mcj gc oljmyoe{mgc {g i~le{l ec lqiaecjl#H|~{al~ kloe} my nek g~ Clz ]g~bl~y/ lytlimeoo} yfeoo

n|ymclyyly eck mckmxmk|eoy zag t|~iaeyl {alm~ gzc

mcy|~ecil# Ol{y cg{ g~jg{ za} {al t|nomi klfecklk

{ae{ Igcj~lyy ei{ mc {al ~y{ toeil# Mc e @ec|e~} >455

~ltg~{/> zl y|ffe~mplk {al t~ei{mily {ae{ olk {g {al

clz lkl~eo oez0

R[al aleo{a mcy|~l~ ec{m&igcy|fl~V t~ei{mily

mcio|klk0 lqtgymcj igcy|fl~y {g amja g|{&g&

tgibl{ igy{y g~ flkmieo yl~xmily2 klcmeoy gigxl~ejl g~ flkmieoo} clilyye~} ie~l2 z~gcj|o

k~gttmcj g igxl~ejl 2 klilt{mxl fe~bl{mcj g

y|ny{ecke~k toecy2 ReckV oe~jl mci~leyly g~

aleo{a mcy|~ecil t~lfm|fy#

[al Ehg~kenol Ie~l Ei{ {ggb fe`g~ y{lty mc i|~{emomcj

{alyl eck g{al~ fe`g~ mcy|~ecil igftec} en|yly#

E Klilfnl~ >455 tgoo g|ck {ae{ lqiaecjly e~l exg~lk

n} :=, g Efl~miecy/ mcio|kmcj =>, g Klfgi~e{y/

:, g ^lt|nomiecy# Fgy{gh {al nlcl{y {ae{ zmoo nligfl lli{mxl mc >45; e~l

kltlcklc{ gc Clz ]g~b teyymcj y{~gcj lqiaecjl

oljmyoe{mgc {amy }le~#

> T|nomi Tgomi} eck Lk|ie{mgc H|ck g Clz ]g~b/ E Clz T~g&Igcy|fl~ Aleo{a Ie~lY}y{lf0 Lcg~imcj {al Clz Hlkl~eo Aleo{a Ie~l oez mc Clz ]g~b Y{e{l !@ec|e~}>455-/ e{ 5 !al~lmcel~/ T~g&Igcy|fl~ Aleo{a Ie~l Y}y{lf ^ltg~{-/ a{{t0''ttlc}#g~j'>455'45'e&clz&t~g&igcy|fl~&aleo{a&ie~l&y}y{lf':=5#

>


7/22

[al clz ]g~b lqIaEcJl0 Igxl~EJlhg~mckmxmk|EoyEck yfEoo n|ymclyyly

[al ^gol gh [al Clz ]g^b lqiaeCjl mC

^lhg^fmCjaleo[aie^l

[al fe`g~ flecy |ckl~ {al EIE g~ mckmxmk|eoy

zag kg cg{ aexl aleo{a igxl~ejl {a~g|ja

{alm~ `gn9 eck kg cg{ u|eom} g~ Flkmie~l g~

Flkmiemk {g gn{emc u|eom{}/ ehg~kenol aleo{a

mcy|~ecil my {a~g|ja {al clz aleo{a mcy|~ecil

lqiaecjly {ae{ f|y{ nl ly{enomyalk mc Clz

]g~b eck g{al~ y{e{ly n} >45;#; Lqiaecjly e~l

eoyg {al fe`g~ fliaecmyf mc {al oez g~ yfeoo

n|ymclyyly {g gn{emc aleo{a mcy|~ecil g~ {alm~

lftog}lly# Ec lqiaecjl my ombl e n|}mcj

io|n zm{a e jggk zln tejl eck ieoo ilc{l~0

igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly zmoo nl enol

{g t|~iaeyl aleo{a mcy|~ecil e{ e kmyig|c{lk

t~mil zamol jl{{mcj jggk ekxmil gc zamia g

{al exemoenol toecy fll{y {alm~ cllky g~ {al

cllky g {alm~ lftog}lly#45> oljmyoe{mxl ylyymgc#

[al ieyl g~ ly{enomyamcj {al Clz ]g~b

lqiaecjl {a~g|ja oljmyoe{mxl ei{mgc my fg~l

{aec `|y{ eng|{ jggk aleo{a ie~l tgomi}#

\ckl~ {al EIE/ {al \#Y# Klte~{flc{ g Aleo{a

eck A|fec Yl~xmily !AAY- my ~lu|m~lk {g

kl{l~fmcl n} @ec|e~} 5/ >459 zal{al~ e y{e{l

zmoo aexl ec lqiaecjl {ae{ my gtl~e{mgceo n}

@ec|e~} 5/ >45;/ eck {g t|{ mc toeil e lkl~eo lqiaecjl

mc y{e{ly {ae{ emo {g fll{ {amy jgeo# Ei~gyy {al tgom{mieo

ytli{~|f/ {al~l ettle~y {g nl e igcylcy|y mc Clz

9 [al oez mcio|kly e omfm{lk gt{mgc g~ lftog}lly zag te} fg~l {aec =#455 oljmyoe{mxl ylyymgc !E#1


8/22

{g febl y|~l {al toecy ghl~lk {a~g|ja lqiaecjly

e~l eklu|e{l# Hg~ lqeftol/ eoo toecy f|y{ aexl

il~{emc lyylc{meo nlcl{y/ mcio|kmcj igxl~ejl g

kgi{g~y xmym{y/ agytm{eompe{mgcy/ fe{l~cm{} ie~l/ flc{eo

aleo{a t~lyi~mt{mgc k~|jy eck ~laenmom{e{mgc yl~xmily#

Lqiaecjly zmoo aexl {g femc{emc e {goo&~ll ag{omcl eck

zln tejl {g alot igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly

j|~l g|{ zae{ {g n|}/ eck mcy|~l~y zmoo nl y|n`li{ {g

il~{emc ~|oly gc agz {g igck|i{ n|ymclyy2 g~ lqeftol/fe~bl{mcj ~|oly zmoo jgxl~c ioemfy fekl n} mcy|~l~y

eng|{ {al t~gk|i{y {al} ghl~ g~ yeol {a~g|ja {al

lqiaecjl# Leia y{e{l lqiaecjl f|y{ eoyg mcio|kl e

Yfeoo N|ymclyy Aleo{a Gt{mgcy T~gj~ef !YAGT- {g

t~gxmkl aleo{a mcy|~ecil g~ n|ymclyyly |t {g 544

lftog}lly g~ i~le{l e ylte~e{l YAGT lqiaecjl#

Zamol Clz ]g~b Y{e{l kmk cg{ teyy lqiaecjl

oljmyoe{mgc n} {al lck g {al >455 oljmyoe{mxl ylyymgc/

{al olekl~yamt g ng{a ag|yly g {al Oljmyoe{|~l eck

{al ekfmcmy{~e{mgc kmk ej~ll {g ceo nmoo oecj|ejl!E#1


9/22

[al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl zmoo lcy|~l {al igcy|fl~y

eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly aexl jggk aleo{a mcy|~ecil

iagmily# \ckl~ {al EIE/ aleo{a mcy|~l~y zmoo cg{

nl eoogzlk {g ghl~ toecy {a~g|ja lqiaecjly {ae{

kg cg{ igc{emc {al lyylc{meo nlcl{y fecke{lk

n} Igcj~lyy eck AAY/ mcio|kmcj kgi{g~y xmym{y/

agytm{eompe{mgcy/ fe{l~cm{} ie~l/ eck igxl~ejl g~

flc{eo aleo{a {~le{flc{#

[al lqiaecjl zmoo alot igcy|fl~y eck yfeoon|ymclyyly yloli{ aleo{a mcy|~ecil {ae{ fll{y

{alm~ cllky# [al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl zmoo gtl~e{l

e zlnym{l/ e ieoo ilc{l~ eck t~gxmkl mc&tl~ygc

eyymy{ecil {g alot igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly

febl flecmcj|o igfte~mygcy nl{zllc toecy

nlg~l {al} febl {alm~ yloli{mgcy# Eoogzmcj

ettoly&{g&ettoly igfte~mygcy zmoo lcenol

igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly {g yloli{ toecy

{ae{ e~l fgy{ y|m{enol g~ {alm~ cllky eck n|kjl{y#

Ly{enomyamcj ec lqiaecjl zmoo lcaecil {al

i|~~lc{ y{e{l t~g{li{mgcy klymjclk {g feblaleo{a mcy|~ecil fg~l eg~kenol# Lytlimeoo} m

{al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl oljmyoe{mgc eoogzy {al

y{e{l lqiaecjl {g nl ec ei{mxl t|~iaeyl~/= m{

iec tggo {al n|}mcj tgzl~ g igcy|fl~y eck

yfeoo n|ymclyyly {g lcenol {alf {g jl{ ogzl~

~e{ly {aec {al} ig|ok gn{emc {a~g|ja {al i|~~lc{

mckmxmk|eo eck yfeoo j~g|t fe~bl{y# [al yexmcjy

igcy|fl~y ~lilmxl n} tggomcj {alm~ n|}mcj tgzl~

zmoo lcaecil {al lqmy{mcj nlcl{y g {al >454

y{e{l oez {ae{ jexl {al Klte~{flc{ g Hmcecimeo

Yl~xmily {al e|{ag~m{} {g ~lj|oe{l aleo{a t~lfm|f~e{ly eck ~emylk {al ~lu|m~lk tl~ilc{ejl g g|~

t~lfm|f kgooe~y {ae{ aleo{a mcy|~l~y aexl {g

ytlck gc te{mlc{ ie~l# !Yll yli{mgc MMM#- G ig|~yl/

t~lfm|f {eq i~lkm{y zmoo eoyg febl n|}mcj aleo{a

igxl~ejl fg~l ehg~kenol g~ mckmxmk|eoy#

Ec lqiaecjl zmoo ei{ ey e ze{iakgj {g febl y|~l

aleo{a toecy e~l hem~ eck ley} {g |yl# [al clz

aleo{a mcy|~ecil fe~bl{toeil zmoo nl fgcm{g~lk {g

t~g{li{ igcy|fl~y ~mja{y/ lcaecimcj {al lqmy{mcj

fliaecmyfy |ckl~ y{e{l oez {g t~g{li{ igcy|fl~y

~gf mft~gtl~ t~ei{mily n} aleo{a mcy|~l~y#54

= [al igcilt{ g ec lqiaecjl ei{mcj ey ec ei{mxl t|~iaeyl~ mcig~tg~e{ly ec|fnl~ g igcilt{y/ mcio|kmcj yloli{mxlo} igc{~ei{mcj zm{a gco} il~{emc mcy|~l~y/yl{{mcj {g|jal~ y{ecke~ky g~ aleo{a toecy {g te~{mimte{l mc {al lqiaecjl {aec|ckl~ {al lkl~eo oez/ eck cljg{me{mcj {l~fy {ae{ nlcl{ igcy|fl~y/ mcio|kmcjt~mil kmyig|c{y g~ aleo{a mcy|~ecil# Yll Jlg~jl{gzc \cmxl~ym{} Aleo{a Tgomi}Mcy{m{|{l/ Ei{mxl T|~iaeymcj g~ Aleo{a Mcy|~ecil Lqiaecjly0 Ec Eceo}ymy g Gt{mgcy!@|cl >455-/ a{{t0''zzz#ceym#g~j'ym{ly'kle|o{'oly'~lyle~ia'Ei{mxlWT|~iaeymcjWg~WAleo{aWMcy|~ecilWLqiaecjly#tk#54 Yll jlcl~eoo}/ T~g&Igcy|fl~ Aleo{a Ie~l Y}y{lf ^ltg~{#

igCy|fl^ eyymy[eCileCk[alClz]g^blqiaeCjl

[al aleo{a ie~l fe~bl{toeil zmoo igc{mc|l {g nl amjao}

igftolq gcil {al EIE my |oo} mftolflc{lk mc {al

y{e{ly# Fgy{ igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly ymfto}

kgc{ aexl {al {mfl/ bcgzolkjl g~ ~lyg|~ily {g febl

{al nly{ tgyymnol iagmily eng|{ aleo{a igxl~ejl g~ {g

~lygoxl kmyt|{ly zm{a mcy|~l~y g~ t~gxmkl~y gc {alm

gzc# Mc ~lytgcyl/ {al EIE t~gxmklk cle~o} +94fmoomgc mc |ckmcj ce{mgceoo} {g {al y{e{ly {g ly{enomya

mckltlcklc{ igcy|fl~ eyymy{ecil g~ aleo{a mcy|~ecil

gfn|kyfec t~gj~efy {g tl~g~f |ci{mgcy ombl

eyymy{mcj igcy|fl~y zm{a lc~gooflc{ mc aleo{a

igxl~ejl/ lk|ie{mcj igcy|fl~y gc {alm~ ~mja{y eck

~lytgcymnmom{mly igcil~cmcj igxl~ejl/ ~lygoxmcj myy|ly

mcxgoxmcj t~lfm|f {eq i~lkm{y/ eck eyymy{mcj zm{a {al

omcj g igftoemc{y eck ettleoy#

[al Y{e{l g Clz ]g~b yloli{lk Igff|cm{} Aleo{a

Ekxgie{ly !IAE-/ gtl~e{lk n} {al Igff|cm{} Yl~xmilYgiml{}/ {g yl~xl ey Clz ]g~by igcy|fl~ eyymy{ecil

t~gj~ef g~ {al ~y{ }le~# Hg~ {al yligck }le~ g {al

t~gj~ef/ zamia nljec gc Gi{gnl~ 5/ >455/ {al y{e{l

t~gxmklk ~lclzlk eck lqtecklk |ckmcj {g IAE

|ymcj j~ec{ |ckmcj |ckl~ {al EIE# IAE t~gxmkly e

omxl ilc{~eo y{e{lzmkl ag{omcl {g eyymy{ igcy|fl~y {ae{

my neylk mc Clz ]g~b Im{}/ eck ~ll~y igftoemc{y g~

mcu|m~mly {g 95 igff|cm{}&neylk g~jecmpe{mgcy {ae{

yl~xl lxl~} ig|c{} mc {al y{e{l# !TTLH my gcl g {al

|cklk ejlcimly/ yl~xmcj ylxl~eo ig|c{mly mc Zly{l~c

eck Ilc{~eo Clz ]g~b#- IAE eyymy{y igcy|fl~y e{ cgiae~jl zm{a t~gnolfy mcxgoxmcj aleo{a toecy ey zloo ey

zm{a agytm{eoy eck g{al~ t~gxmkl~y#

Ec lhli{mxl igcy|fl~ eyymy{ecil t~gj~ef my lyylc{me

{g febmcj aleo{a ie~l ~lg~f zg~b g~ Clz ]g~

igcy|fl~y# Igcy|fl~y cllk igftl{lc{ j|mkecil

{g lhli{mxlo} cexmje{l {al y{e{ly igftolq aleo{

ie~l y}y{lf/ ~gf mcy|~l~y {g t~gxmkl~y# Lxlc el

{al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjly zlnym{l eck ieoo ilc{l

e~l ly{enomyalk/ ygfl igcy|fl~y zmoo cllk mc{lcymxl

gcl&gc&gcl eyymy{ecil0 alot {ae{ gco} amjao} {~emclk

igcy|fl~ ekxgie{ly iec t~gxmkl#55 Gcl&gc&gcl

eyymy{ecil zmoo eoyg j~le{o} mci~leyl {al omblomaggk {ae{

{al jgeo g {al oez g xey{o} ~lk|imcj {al c|fnl~ g

igcy|fl~y zm{ag|{ aleo{a igxl~ejl my fl{# [~emclk

igcy|fl~ ekxgie{ly e~l eoyg glc clilyye~} {g ekxmyl

igcy|fl~y zag aexl kmyt|{ly zm{a t~gxmkl~y g~ aleo{a

55 [al g~feo ~loe{mgcyamt nl{zllc IAE eck {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl zmoo aexl {gnl ie~l|oo} klclk {g lcy|~l {ae{ {al} zg~b lhli{mxlo} {gjl{al~#


10/22

mcy|~l~y !g~ lqeftol/ gxl~ zal{al~ e te~{mi|oe~

t~gilk|~l my igxl~lk |ckl~ e aleo{a toec g~ zal{al~

e agytm{eo nmoo my ig~~li{-# M{ my |y|eoo} cg{ igy{&lhli{mxl

g~ igcy|fl~y {g te} ec e{{g~cl} {g eyymy{ {alf zm{a

fgy{ kmyt|{ly jmxlc {al ~loe{mxlo} yfeoo efg|c{ e{

myy|l#

[al IAE t~gj~ef eogcl eyymy{lk 5;/;;= igcy|fl~y

mc {al 55&fgc{a tl~mgk ~gf Cgxlfnl~ 5/ >454 {g

Ylt{lfnl~ 94/ >4550 m{y ~y{ }le~#5> Eo{ag|ja y{e{my{miy

e~l cg{ exemoenol gc {al fgcl} yexlk igcy|fl~y

{a~g|ja {al t~gj~ef/ m{ my il~{emc {ae{ {amy c|fnl~

my mc {al a|ck~lky g {ag|yecky g kgooe~y# M{ my iole~

{ae{ {al c|fnl~ g igcy|fl~y eyymy{lk eck {al fgcl}

yexlk g~ igcy|fl~y zmoo mci~leyl leia }le~ ey fg~l

eck fg~l Clz ]g~bl~y ole~c eng|{ {al t~gj~ef#

flkmIEmk0 Igxl~EJl hg~ ogz&mcIgfl tlgtol/tlgtol zm[a kmyEnmom[mly/ Eck tlgtol zm[aytlImEo alEo[a IE~l cllky

Flkmiemk my e t~gj~ef |cklk `gmc{o} n} {al lkl~eo

jgxl~cflc{ eck {al y{e{ly {ae{ t~gxmkly aleo{a

5> IAE eoyg kgly t~lylc{e{mgcy {g lk|ie{l j~g|ty g igcy|fl~y eck ekxgie{ly gc{gtmiy ombl {al Ehg~kenol Ie~l Ei{ eck Flkmie~l# Zalc {al j~g|t t~lylc{e{mgcye~l ekklk mc/ IAE yl~xlk >1/88= mckmxmk|eoy k|~mcj {al 55&fgc{a tl~mgk#

igxl~ejl g~ ogz&mcigfl Clz ]g~bl~y eck {agyl zm{a

kmyenmom{mly# !Mc Clz ]g~b/ ig|c{mly eoyg igc{~mn|{l

{g Flkmiemk#- Flkmiemk t~gxmkly e neymi teibej

g aleo{a ie~l nlcl{y/ mcio|kmcj agytm{eo mcte{mlc{

eck g|{te{mlc{ yl~xmily/ t~lce{eo ie~l/ klc{eo ie~l

oeng~e{g~} eck q&~e} yl~xmily/ eck c|~ymcj agfl ie~l

Ey g Hln~|e~} >455/ ;#1 fmoomgc Clz ]g~bl~y zl~l

lc~goolk mc {al t~gj~ef#

[al fgy{ km~li{ mftei{ gc Flkmiemk ey e ~ly|o{ g {al

EIE my ec lqtecymgc g lomjmnmom{}/ lhli{mxl mc >45;

Fec} Clz ]g~bl~y zm{a ygflzae{ amjal~ mcigfly

{aec |ckl~ {al i|~~lc{ oez zmoo nl lomjmnol g~ Flkmiemk

nljmccmcj mc {ae{ }le~# Eceo}y{y ly{mfe{l {ae{ ~g|jao}

=4/444 ek|o{y zm{ag|{ iamok~lc zm{a efmo} mcigfly

nl{zllc 544, eck 599, g HTO zmoo nligfl lomjmnol

eck {ae{ , 554/444&;;4/444 884/444&5/444/444

clzo] lomJmnolhg~flkmIEmk !Iamokolyy

Ek|o[y 544&599, hto-

=4/444 9, 4/444&;4/444

EIIlyy[g lqIaEcJl

lomJmnolhg~ y|nymkmly !4,&;44, hto-

:44/444 >:, 84/444

Ehhg~kEnmom[] lqlft[mgc

[Ebl~y>44/444

tlcEo[] tE]l~y 84/444

|ckgI|flc[lk mffmJ~Ec[y 9=4/444 5/8>4/444 544, 154/444&5/584/444 5/;84/444&5/1>4/444

^lt~gk|ilk ~gf Clz ]g~b Y{e{l Aleo{a Hg|cke{mgc/ Mftolflc{mcj Hlkl~eo Aleo{a ^lg~f0 E ^gekfet g~ Clz ]g~b Y{e{l !E|j|y{ >454-

8


11/22

[amy yli{mgc kmyi|yyly {al EIEy t~g{li{mgcy

g~ igcy|fl~y zm{a t~mxe{l mcy|~ecil# Fec}

g {alyl t~g{li{mgcy e~l eo~lek} mc toeil

{gke}# [al c|fnl~ g ekkm{mgceo igcy|fl~yzag zmoo nlcl{ ~gf {alyl t~g{li{mgcy zmoo

j~le{o} lqteck mc >45;/ zalc {al Clz ]g~b

lqiaecjl my ly{enomyalk#

[al EIE t~g{li{y igcy|fl~y zm{a lftog}l~&

t~gxmklk mcy|~ecil ey zloo ey {agyl {ae{ kgc{#

Ey g >44=/ 85, g cgclokl~o} Clz ]g~bl~y

aek lftog}l~&t~gxmklk aleo{a mcy|~ecil#

Hg~ {agyl zm{a igxl~ejl {a~g|ja {alm~ `gn/

{al EIE t~gxmkly j~le{l~ t~g{li{mgcy {aec

nlg~l {al oez zey teyylk# Eck lftog}llyzagyl lqmy{mcj mcy|~ecil my {gg lqtlcymxl

|ckl~ {al y{ecke~ky mc {al oez zmoo nl enol

{g t|~iaeyl aleo{a igxl~ejl {a~g|ja {al

Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl eck {g gn{emc t~lfm|f

{eq i~lkm{y/ febmcj jl{{mcj aleo{a mcy|~ecil

f|ia fg~l ehg~kenol# Mckmxmk|eoy zag kg

cg{ aexl lftog}l~&t~gxmklk mcy|~ecil eck

yfeoo n|ymclyyly zmoo eoyg nl enol {g t|~iaeyl

aleo{a mcy|~ecil e{ e fg~l ehg~kenol t~mil

{a~g|ja {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl# Igcy|fl~y

zag t|~iaeyl t~mxe{l mcy|~ecil ~gf aleo{a

toecy {ae{ kg cg{ gtl~e{l zm{amc {al y{e{l

lqiaecjl zmoo eoyg nl igxl~lk n} {al clz

mcy|~ecil t~g{li{mgcy !eo{ag|ja zl nlomlxl

{ae{ fgy{ igcy|fl~y zmoo nl nl{{l~ gh m {al}

n|} igxl~ejl {a~g|ja {al lqiaecjl-#

alEo[a mcy|~EcIl t~g[lI[mgcy0 fEbmcJy|~l ]g| aExl Igxl~EJl zalc ]g|cllk m[

[al EIE jmxly Clz ]g~bl~y clz ~mja{y

ejemcy{ aleo{a mcy|~l~y#59 Zae{ e~l {agyl

~mja{y7 Hm~y{/ {al EIE necy oml{mfl omfm{y ey {g {al

efg|c{ g flkmieo igxl~ejl ec mcy|~l~ iec t~gxmkl

59 Mc ekkm{mgc {g clz ~mja{y/ Clz ]g~by mftolflc{e{mgc g {al lkl~eo oez zmoojmxl igcy|fl~y eck yfeoo n|ymclyyly clz flecy g lcg~imcj {alm~ ~mja{y zalcmftei{lk n} mooljeo aleo{a mcy|~l~ t~ei{mily# [al t~limyl ce{|~l g {al lcg~ilflc{fliaecmyfy igcy|fl~y zmoo aexl zmoo kltlck gc {al oezy teyylk n} {al Oljmyoe{|~l

{g mftolflc{ {al EIE mc Clz ]g~b# TTLH t~gxmklk ~ligfflcke{mgcy g~ {almft~gxlk lcg~ilflc{ g y{e{l oezy ejemcy{ aleo{a mcy|~l~y mc m{y @ec|e~} >455 T~g&Igcy|fl~ Aleo{a Ie~l Y}y{lf ^ltg~{# G|~ ~ligfflcke{mgcy e~l y|ffe~mplk e{tejly >9 {a~g|ja >< g {ae{ ~ltg~{#

k|~mcj e igcy|fl~y oml{mfl2 {amy xm{eo t~g{li{mgc

my eo~lek} mc toeil# Te{mlc{y y|hl~mcj ~gf yl~mg|y

kmyleyly ombl iecil~ iec lqae|y{ e oml{mfl omfm{ g lxlc

+5 fmoomgc u|m{l leymo}/ olekmcj {g lq{~lfl ligcgfmi

ae~kyamt g~ lxlc necb~|t{i}# Ec ly{mfe{lk 54>

fmoomgc Efl~miecy && mcio|kmcj fmoomgcy g Clz ]g~bl~y

&& aek oml{mfl omfm{y mc {alm~ tgomimly nlg~l {amy EIE

t~gxmymgc nliefl lhli{mxl# Eck ey g >45;/ {al oez

mmm# nlclhm[yhg~ tlgtol zm[at~mxE[l mcy|~EcIl

nlclhm[ygh[al oEz

Fmoomgcy g Clz ]g~bl~y aexl eo~lek} nlcl{lk ~gf {almftg~{ec{ t~gxmymgc mc {al EIE {ae{ t~gamnm{y oml{mflomfm{y mc mcy|~ecil tgomimly# Ec ly{mfe{lk 54> fmoomgcEfl~miecy aek oml{mfl omfm{y mc {alm~ tgomimly nlg~l {alnec nliefl lhli{mxl# !G{al~ mcy|~ecil t~g{li{mgcy/ ombl~ly{~mi{mgcy gc ecc|eo omfm{y mc mcy|~ecil tgomimly/ zmoeoyg t~g{li{ oe~jl c|fnl~y g y{e{l ~lymklc{y#- Fec}fg~l zmoo nlcl{ mc {al |{|~l ~gf {al clz mcy|~ecilt~g{li{mgcy mc {al EIE ey {al c|fnl~ g tlgtol igxl~lkmci~leyly zalc {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl my ly{enomyalk mc>45;#

^g|jao} >#8 fmoomgc Clz ]g~bl~y kmk cg{ aexl {g te} igte}flc{y g~ klk|i{mnoly g~ t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily mc >454k|l {g {al t~gxmymgcy g {al EIE neccmcj iae~jly g~{alyl yl~xmily#

Fec} igcy|fl~y zmoo yexl a|ck~lky g kgooe~yg~ lqeftol/ e


12/22

zmoo eoyg ~ly{~mi{ aleo{a mcy|~l~y ~gf yl{{mcj omfm{y gc

agz f|ia igxl~ejl {al} zmoo t~gxmkl mc e ymcjol }le~/

bcgzc ey ec ecc|eo omfm{#

Yligcko}/ {al EIE t~gamnm{y aleo{a toecy {ae{ myy|l

mckmxmk|eo g~ j~g|t tgomimly ~gf klc}mcj igxl~ejl

{g igcy|fl~y zm{a e t~lxmg|y mooclyy g~ kmyleyl/

bcgzc ey e t~l&lqmy{mcj igckm{mgc# [amy t~g{li{mgc

ettomly {g eoo clz toecy g~ lftog}l~y eck mckmxmk|eoyey zloo ey lqmy{mcj toecy# [al yli{mgc g {al EIE

t~gamnm{mcj mcy|~l~y ~gf mftgymcj t~l&lqmy{mcj

igxl~ejl lqio|ymgcy g~ iamok~lc my eo~lek} mc lhli{#

[al lkl~eo jgxl~cflc{ ly{mfe{lk mc Ylt{lfnl~

{ae{ {al t~l&lqmy{mcj igckm{mgc t~gxmymgc lcenolk |t

{g :>/444 iamok~lc ce{mgczmkl {g gn{emc igxl~ejl ey

g {ae{ ke{l2 ec ekkm{mgceo =4/444 t~lxmg|yo} mcy|~lk

iamok~lc zl~l nlcl{mcj ~gf {al t~g{li{mgcy mc {al

oez {ae{ t~lxlc{ aleo{a toecy ~gf omfm{mcj igxl~ejl

g~ iamok~lc zm{a e tey{ amy{g~} g mooclyyly g~ kmyleyl#

Clz ]g~b Y{e{l oez i|~~lc{o} tl~fm{y mcy|~l~y {gmftgyl zem{mcj tl~mgky g~ iamok~lc zm{a t~l&lqmy{mcj

igckm{mgcy2 {amy igckm{mgc my lomfmce{lk ey e ~ly|o{ g {al

EIE# [ag|yecky g ekkm{mgceo igcy|fl~y ce{mgczmkl

eck mc Clz ]g~b zmoo nlcl{ zalc {al t~g{li{mgcy e~l

ettomlk {g ek|o{y mc >45;#

[al EIE eoyg ekk~lyyly

{al glc |cem~ t~ei{mil

bcgzc ey ~lyimyymgcy/

mc zamia mcy|~l~y

ieciloolk tgomimly &&eck {al~lg~l kmkc{

te} g~ {~le{flc{ g~

glc yl~mg|y flkmieo

igckm{mgcy && nlie|yl

{al lc~gooll !g~ amy g~

al~ te~lc{ g~ ytg|yl-

eooljlko} fekl e fmcg~

fmyy{e{lflc{ gc {al

lc~gooflc{ ettomie{mgc

nlg~l {al te{mlc{

yg|ja{ {~le{flc{#Nlie|yl g aleo{a

mcy|~l~ ~lyimyymgcy/

fec} igcy|fl~y !g~ {alm~ lftog}l~y g~ te~lc{y-

ytlc{ {ag|yecky g kgooe~y g~ zae{ mc lhli{ lcklk

|t nlmcj e zg~{aolyy tgomi}# E y|~xl} n} {al Ce{mgceo

Eyygime{mgc g Mcy|~ecil Igffmyymgcl~y g|ck {ae{

fg~l {aec >:/444 ~lyimyymgcy gii|~~lk ce{mgceoo} gxl~

e xl&}le~ tl~mgk#

[al EIE t~gamnm{y ~lyimyymgcy lqilt{ mc ieyly mc zamia

{al igcy|fl~ igffm{{lk ~e|k g~ fekl e klomnl~e{l

fmy~lt~lylc{e{mgc {ae{ my ~lolxec{ {g {al mcy|~l~y

klimymgc {g ghl~ igxl~ejl# ^lyimyymgcy e~l e~ olyy

igffgc mc Clz ]g~b {aec mc fec} g{al~ y{e{ly

nlie|yl g {al y{e{l nec gc flkmieo |ckl~z~m{mcj

&& {}mcj mcy|~ecil igxl~ejl {g e te{mlc{y aleo{a

y{e{|y && lomfmce{mcj {al fe`g~ yg|~il g igcy|fl~

fmyy{e{lflc{y0 {al ettomiec{y tey{ flkmieo amy{g~}Agzlxl~/ ~lyimyymgcy kg gii|~ mc Clz ]g~b neylk

gc fmyy{e{lflc{y ey {g cgc&flkmieo myy|ly5; eck {al

igcylu|lcily iec nl klxey{e{mcj g~ {agyl zag eil

{ag|yecky g kgooe~y mc |clqtli{lk flkmieo igy{y ey e

~ly|o{# [al~lg~l/ {al ~lyimyymgcy t~gxmymgc g {al EIE

ymjcmiec{o} aloty Clz ]g~bl~y#

t~lxlc[mxl IE~l

[al EIE ~lu|m~ly eoo clz toecy !g~ toecy {ae{

aexl lcg|ja iaecjly {g nl igcymkl~lk clz- {gigxl~ t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily zm{ag|{ ig&te}flc{y g~

klk|i{mnoly# Efgcj {al yl~xmily {ae{ e~l igcymkl~lk

t~lxlc{mxl e~l noggk t~lyy|~l {ly{mcj/ kmenl{ly eck

iagoly{l~go yi~llcmcj/ ~g|{mcl xeiimce{mgcy/ t~l&ce{e

ie~l eck zlooclyy xmym{y g~ mcec{y eck iamok~lc eck

fec} iecil~ yi~llcmcjy# Mc >454/ e{ oley{ ;5 fmoomgc

Efl~miecy nlcl{lk ~gf {amy t~gxmymgc# Clz ]g~by

t~g&~e{e yae~l g {amy c|fnl~ my >#8 fmoomgc# Zamol {al

fgcl} yexlk g ig|~yl xe~mly neylk gc {al igcy|fl~y

mckmxmk|eo ym{|e{mgc/ AAY ly{mfe{ly {ae{ e 455/ AAY myy|lk e ~|ol ekkmcj e

c|fnl~ g zgflcy t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily/ mcio|kmcj

eoo HKE&ett~gxlk igc{~eilt{mxly/ TET yfle~y/ eck

feffgj~efy {g {al omy{ g igxl~lk t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily

Zalc {amy clz ~|ol jgly mc{g lhli{ !mc E|j|y{ >45>

flecmcj {ae{ {al iaecjly fe} cg{ gii|~ |c{mo {al

y{e~{ g {al mcy|~l~y clq{ clz toec }le~ el~ E|j|y{>45>-/ fmoomgcy g ekkm{mgceo Efl~miecy zmoo nlcl{

~gf {al t~lxlc{mxl igxl~ejl t~gxmymgcy g {al oez#

5; Ec lqeftol zg|ok nl mceii|~e{lo} y{e{mcj {ae{ ec ettomiec{ g~ aleo{a mcy|~ecilmy ec lftog}ll g e n|ymclyy {g gn{emc j~g|t igxl~ejl#

1


13/22

blltmcJ alEo[a mcy|~EcIl Ehhg~kEnol0 ~E[l~lxmlzEck omfm[ygc g|[&gh&tgIbl[ lqtlcyly

Nlg~l {al teyyejl g {al EIE eck e >454 y{e{l oez/

Clz ]g~bl~y && ng{a yfeoo n|ymclyyly eck mckmxmk|eoy &&

lqtl~mlcilk ~lj|oe~ kg|nol&kmjm{ ~e{l mci~leyly mc {alm~

aleo{a mcy|~ecil t~lfm|fy/ febmcj aleo{a mcy|~ecil

ae~kl~ eck ae~kl~ {g ehg~k# H~gf >444 {g >44=/

Clz ]g~bl~y zm{a lftog}l~&t~gxmklk efmo} igxl~ejllqtl~mlcilk mci~leyly g =>,/ zamol {alm~ zejly gco}

mci~leylk n} 5;,#

Ng{a {al lkl~eo eck y{e{l jgxl~cflc{y {ggb ei{mgc {g

ekk~lyy {alyl myy|ly# [al EIE ly{enomyaly y{ecke~ky

g~ ~e{l ~lxmlz n} y{e{ly/ eck t~gxmkly j~ec{y {g {al

y{e{ly {g mft~gxl {alm~ ~e{l ~lxmlz t~gilyyly# [al EIE

|ckmcj zey lcg~fg|yo} alot|o al~l mc Clz ]g~b/

ey g|~ y{e{l teyylk e oeckfe~b ~lg~f oez mc >454

fecke{mcj {ae{ {al Y{e{l Mcy|~ecil Klte~{flc{ !oe{l~

fl~jlk mc{g e clz Klte~{flc{ g Hmcecimeo Yl~xmily/g~ KHY- ~lxmlz t~gtgylk ~e{l mci~leyly mc {al mckmxmk|eo

!km~li{ te}- eck yfeoo j~g|t fe~bl{y nlg~l {al}

jg mc{g lhli{/ eck ogzl~ {al t~gtgylk mci~leyl m

m{ kl{l~fmcly {al t~gtgylk ~e{l my |c~leygcenol/

lqilyymxl g~ |cem~o} kmyi~mfmce{g~}#

Mc >454/ Clz ]g~b Y{e{l ~lilmxlk gxl~ +< fmoomgc mc

j~ec{ |ckmcj |ckl~ {al EIE g~ e f|o{m&}le~ tl~mgk

zamia lcenolk KHY {g xey{o} y{~lcj{alc m{y lhg~{y

{g mftolflc{ {al >454 ~lg~f oez# Igcy|fl~y aexl

lcg~fg|yo} nlcl{lk ey e ~ly|o{ g {amy lkl~eo

|ckmcj# Hg~ ~e{l mci~leyly ehli{mcj {zg fmoomgc Clz

]g~bl~y {ae{ zlc{ mc{g lhli{ gc @ec|e~} 5/ >45>/ {al

t~gtgylk mci~leyly zl~l ~lk|ilk n} ec exl~ejl g

;## Agzlxl~/ m{ my iole~ {ae{ {al ~e{l mci~leyly {ae{ igcy|fl~y aexllqtl~mlcilk e~l ymjcmiec{o} ogzl~ {aec zae{ {al} zg|ok aexl g{al~zmyl nllczm{ag|{ {al EIE eck {al clz y{e{l oez#

E t~gxmymgc g {al >454 y{e{l ~lg~f oez ~emylk {al

tl~ilc{ejl {ae{ f|y{ nl ytlc{ gc te{mlc{ ioemfy

!bcgzc ey {al Flkmieo Ogyy ^e{mg/ g~ FO^- ~gf

: {g , g~ ng{a {}tly g tgomimly

[al KHY/ e~flk zm{a |cky t~gxmklk |ckl~ {al EIE/

aey nllc enol {g y{lt |t m{y lcg~ilflc{ g {al FO^

t~gxmymgcy/ t~gk|imcj ymjcmiec{ yexmcjy g~ Clz ]g~bigcy|fl~y# Gc Cgxlfnl~ ={a/ {al y{e{l eccg|cilk

{ae{ 55 mcy|~l~y aek nllc g~kl~lk {g ~l|ck +55;#441-/

lftog}l~y zm{a lzl~ {aec 54 zg~bl~y temk ec exl~ejl

g +9145;/ zalc {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl my ly{enomyalkyfeoo n|ymclyyly zmoo nl enol {g leymo} yloli{ u|eom{} toecy{ae{ fll{ {al cllky g {alm~ lftog}lly e{ e f|ia ogzl~igy{/ |ymcj {al ~lyg|~ily g {al lqiaecjl {g alot {alfyloli{ {al ~mja{ toecy#

54


15/22

E c|fnl~ g t~gxmymgcy mc {al EIE ekk~lyy{al cllky g ylcmg~y/ tlgtol zm{a kmyenmom{mly

eck tlgtol zm{a ytlimeo aleo{a ie~l cllky/

mcio|kmcj kmi|o{mly mc gn{emcmcj igxl~ejl

eck {al amja igy{ g t~lyi~mt{mgc k~|jy eck

t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily#

t~lyI~mt[mgc k~|Jy hg~ flkmIE~lnlclhmImE~mly

[al n|~klc gc ylcmg~y eck tlgtol zm{a

kmyenmom{mly g te}mcj g~ t~lyi~mt{mgc k~|jy myzloo bcgzc# \cg~{|ce{lo}/ lxlc Flkmie~l

nlclime~mly zag e~l lc~goolk mc {al gt{mgceo

Te~{ K t~lyi~mt{mgc k~|j toec !zamia

zlc{ mc{g lhli{ mc >448- ygfl{mfly eil

n|~klcygfl g|{&g&tgibl{ igy{y#

Gcl fe`g~ myy|l ekk~lyylk n} {al EIE my

{al mcefg|y kg|jac|{ agol# \ckl~ {amy

e~nm{~e~} eck m~~e{mgceo igy{&yexmcj t~gxmymgc

g Te~{ K/ el~ {al k~|j igy{y temk n} e Te~{

K nlclime~} eck {al toec igfnmclk ~leialk~g|jao} +9444 mc e }le~/ nlclime~mly aek {g te} 544,

g {alm~ k~|j igy{y |c{mo {al {g{eo {al} ytlc{ ~leialk

{al }le~o} g|{&g&tgibl{ ytlckmcj omfm{ g +;455/ nlclime~mly ~lilmxlk e 4>4#

[al nlcl{y g {al kg|jac|{ agol t~gxmymgcy g {al

oez e~l k~efe{mi# Eiig~kmcj {g {al Bemyl~ Hefmo}

Hg|cke{mgc/ >/944 Clz ]g~bl~y ~lilmxlk e +>454# [amy {~ecyoe{ly {g e yexmcjy

g +89/4:455/ ey g {al ~ly|o{ g {al fmoomgc g {al 5#= fmoomgc

Clz ]g~bl~y lc~goolk mc Flkmie~l Te~{ N !,- aek

|{momplk gcl g {al t~lxlc{mxl yl~xmily exemoenol zm{ag|{

te}flc{y g~ klk|i{mnoly mc >455 !ey g E|j|y{-#

x# ylcmg~y/ tlgtol zm[akmyEnmom[mlyEck [agyl zm[ayl~mg|y alEo[a IE~l cllky

nlclhm[ygh[al oEz

>/944 Clz ]g~b ylcmg~y eck tlgtol zm{a kmyenmom{mly mc {al Flkmie~l kg|jac|{ agol ~lilmxlk e +>454/yexmcj +89/4:455 eogcl0 ec exl~ejl g +4>4#

455 !ey g E|j|y{-# 9 fmoomgcClz ]g~bl~y e~l lomjmnol g~ {amy nlcl{#

Flkmie~l Ekxec{ejl t~lfm|fy temk n} nlclime~mly e~lt~g`li{lk {g nl ;, ogzl~ mc >45> {aec mc >455#

>/9>; Clz ]g~bl~y zm{a t~l&lqmy{mcj igckm{mgcy zl~lclzo} mcy|~lk k|l {g {al C] N~mkjl Toec ly{enomyalk|ckl~ {al EIE !ey g {al lck g Gi{gnl~-#

:/944 Clz ]g~bl~y zagxl nllc kmejcgylk zm{a iecil~9


16/22

g[al~ flkmIE~l mft~gxlflc[y

[al EIE lcaecily Flkmie~l nlcl{y g~ ylcmg~y eck

tlgtol zm{a kmyenmom{mly e{ e ogzl~ igy{ {g nlclime~mly

eck {eqte}l~y# Gcl mftg~{ec{ lqeftol my {al EIEy

~lg~fy {g Flkmie~l Ekxec{ejl toecy/ t~mxe{l toecy

yloli{lk n} ~g|jao} 5 mc ; Flkmie~l nlclime~mly

~e{al~ {aec {al fg~l limlc{ {~ekm{mgceo ll&g~&

yl~xmil Flkmie~l t~gj~ef# Te}flc{y n} {al lkl~eojgxl~cflc{ {g Flkmie~l Ekxec{ejl toecy aexl

{~ekm{mgceoo} exl~ejlk =, {g 59, amjal~ {aec g~

{~ekm{mgceo ll&g~&yl~xmil toecy#

Mc ~lytgcyl/ ey e yexmcjy

{g {eqte}l~y/ {al EIE

j~ek|eoo} kli~leyly

te}flc{y {g t~mxe{l

mcy|~l~y zag gtl~e{l

Flkmie~l Ekxec{ejl

toecy# Klytm{l {al~lk|ilk te}flc{y/

{al clz oez kgly cg{

igc{emc nlcl{ i|{y

g~ nlclime~mly# Mc

ei{/ {al clz oez

lcaecily nlcl{y eck

t~g{li{mgcy g~ {agyl

lc~goolk mc Flkmie~l

Ekxec{ejl toecy mc xe~mg|y ze}y/ mcio|kmcj neccmcj

amjal~ igy{&yae~mcj ~lu|m~lflc{y {aec {~ekm{mgceo ll&

g~&yl~xmil Flkmie~l g~ il~{emc i~m{mieo yl~xmily/ ombl

ialfg{al~et} eck ybmoolk c|~ymcj ie~l/ eck ~lu|m~mcj

nljmccmcj mc >45; {ae{ 145> {aec

mc >455#

c] n~mkJl toEc

[al ~lu|m~lflc{ {ae{ aleo{a mcy|~l~y eiilt{ igcy|fl~y

zm{a t~l&lqmy{mcj igckm{mgcy zmoo cg{ etto} {g ek|o{y

|c{mo >45;/ zalc y{e{l lqiaecjly e~l ly{enomyalk#

Agzlxl~/ e clz t~gj~ef aey nllc ly{enomyalk |ckl~

{al EIE {g fll{ {al cllky g {alyl igcy|fl~y mc {al

mc{l~mf# [g u|eom} g~ {amy ytlimeo t~gj~ef/ ieoolk {al

C] N~mkjl Toec mc Clz ]g~b/ {al EIE ~lu|m~ly {ae{

ettomiec{y nl im{mplcy g~ oez|o mffmj~ec{y/ aexl e t~l&

lqmy{mcj igckm{mgc/ eck cg{ aexl aek igxl~ejl g~ {al

t~lxmg|y 8 fgc{ay nlg~l etto}mcj g~ igxl~ejl# Ey

g Gi{gnl~ 95/ >455/ >/9>; Clz ]g~bl~y zl~l lc~goolk

mc {al Toec#

flkmIEmk Eck tlgtol zm[a yl~mg|y alEo[aIE~l cllky

Ey kmyi|yylk mc yli{mgc MM/ {al EIE mcio|kly eclqtecymgc g Flkmiemk/ {al lkl~eo&y{e{l t~gj~ef

g~ ogz&mcigfl tlgtol eck tlgtol zm{a kmyenmom{mly

!lhli{mxl mc >45;-# Mc ekkm{mgc/ fec} tlgtol zag e~l

i|~~lc{o} lomjmnol n|{ cg{ lc~goolk e~l lqtli{lk {g gmc

{al t~gj~ef ey ~ly|o{ g {al EIE# E ymjcmiec{ c|fnl~

g tlgtol zm{a yl~mg|y aleo{a ie~l cllky kltlck gc

Flkmiemk# Ec ly{mfe{lk =9/5>4 tlgtol zm{a iecil~

9


17/22

Iamok alEo[a to|y

[al Ehg~kenol Ie~l Ei{ igc{mc|ly {al Iamok

Aleo{a To|y !IAT- t~gj~ef && Clz ]g~by

xl~ymgc g {al lkl~eo Iamok~lcy Aleo{a

Mcy|~ecil T~gj~ef !IAMT- && |c{mo e{ oley{ >45=#

[amy my ec mci~lkmno} mftg~{ec{ klxlogtflc{/

ey {al t~gj~lyy mc igxl~mcj iamok~lc mc ~lilc{

}le~y my mc oe~jl te~{ k|l {g {al y|iilyy g

Flkmiemk eck IAMT# Lxlc {ag|ja {al c|fnl~

g tgg~ iamok~lc ce{mgczmkl mci~leylk ymjcmiec{o}

~gf >441 {g >454 !~gf 59#> fmoomgc {g 59/>:; !~gf >95/:9< {g >41/;85-/ g~ ~gf 441 {g >454#

Iamok Aleo{a To|y

eoogzy te~lc{y {g

igxl~ {alm~ iamok~lc

|ckl~ ejl 5=

e{ ec lq{~lflo}

ehg~kenol igy{#

Hg~ efmomly zagyl

mcigfl my olyy {aec

5#8 {mfly {al HTO !eng|{ +81: e zllb g~ e efmo} g

g|~-/ {al~l my cg t~lfm|f g~ IAT# Hefmomly zagyl

mcigfl my ygflzae{ amjal~ te} e fgc{ao} t~lfm|f

~ecjmcj ~gf += {g +84 tl~ iamok/ kltlckmcj gc {alm~

mcigfl eck efmo} ympl# ![al fgc{ao} ll my iettlk

e{ {a~ll iamok~lc#- Hg~ {alyl efg|c{y/ iamok~lc jl{

igft~lalcymxl igxl~ejl/ mcio|kmcj zloo&iamok ie~l/

mcte{mlc{ agytm{eo eck flkmieo g~ y|~jmieo ie~l/ klc{eo

ie~l eck xmymgc ie~l# Eck/ IAT ooy mc ec mftg~{ec{ eck

|cg~{|ce{l jet mc {al lkl~eo oez0 |ckgi|flc{lk

mffmj~ec{ iamok~lc e~l lomjmnol/ ~lje~kolyy g {alm~

te~lc{y mffmj~e{mgc y{e{|y#

[al ly{enomyaflc{ g {al Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl mc >45;

zmoo lcaecil Clz ]g~by lhg~{y {g igxl~ ekkm{mgceo

iamok~lc# Hm~y{/ {al lqiaecjl zmoo febl ng{a ckmcj g|{

eng|{ aleo{a mcy|~ecil igxl~ejl ymftol~/ ekkmcj e ieoo

ilc{l~ eck ec ley}&{g&|yl zln tejl {g {al fliaecmyfy

eo~lek} mc toeil g~ te~lc{y {g ole~c eng|{ aleo{a

mcy|~ecil g~ {alm~ iamok~lc eck {g lc~goo/ mcio|kmcj

{al Igff|cm{} Aleo{a Ekxgie{ly t~gj~ef i~le{lk

|ckl~ {al EIE eck {al y{e{ly Heimom{e{lk Lc~gooflc{

t~gj~ef# !Yll yli{mgc MM#- Yligcko}/ te~lc{y zmoo aexl

{al gt{mgc g yloli{mcj efmo} igxl~ejl {a~g|ja {al

Clz ]g~b lqiaecjl !y|nymkmplk {a~g|ja {al t~lfm|f

{eq i~lkm{y i~le{lk |ckl~ {al EIE- mc ekkm{mgc {g IAT

mcy|~EcIl t~g[lI[mgcyhg~ Iamok~lc

[al t~g{li{mgcy mc {al EIE ejemcy{ |cem~ aleo{a

mcy|~l~ t~ei{mily y|ia ey ~ly{~mi{mgcy gc ecc|eo eck

oml{mfl omfm{y eck ~lyimyymgcy t~g{li{ iamok~lc ey zloo

Ygfl g {alyl t~g{li{mgcy e~l eo~lek} mc toeil {gke}

Hg~ lqeftol/ m{ my eo~lek} mooljeo {g mftgyl ~ly{~mi{mgcy

gc igxl~ejl g~ iamok~lc neylk gc e t~l&lqmy{mcjigckm{mgc# !Yll yli{mgc MMM g~ e kmyi|yymgc g {alyl

t~g{li{mgcy#-

]g|cJ Ek|o[ Igxl~EJl

]g|cj ek|o{y aexl {al amjaly{ ~e{ly g |cmcy|~ecil

g ec} ejl j~g|t mc {al \cm{lk Y{e{ly# Ey g @ec|e~}

{a~g|ja Fe~ia g >455/ 94#;, g tlgtol ejlk 5= {g

>< oeiblk aleo{a mcy|~ecil ey g {al {mfl {al} zl~l

mc{l~xmlzlk/ ey igfte~lk {g 5454 {g @|cl >455/ >#< fmoomgc}g|cj ek|o{y ce{mgczmkl ejlk 5= {g >< jemclk aleo{aigxl~ejl k|l {g {al }g|cj ek|o{ t~gxmymgc#

59


18/22

Mc ~lytgcyl {g {al i~m{mieo cllky g {amy ejl j~g|t/ e

t~gxmymgc g {al EIE {ae{ my eo~lek} mc lhli{ eoogzy

}g|cj ek|o{y {g y{e} gc {alm~ te~lc{y aleo{a toecy

|c{mo {al} ~leia {al ejl g >8# [al nlcl{ my exemoenol

{g }g|cj ek|o{y lxlc m {al} e~l cg{ y{|klc{y/ omxl

ylte~e{lo} ~gf {alm~ te~lc{y/ g~ e~l cg{ cecimeoo}

kltlcklc{ gc {alm~ te~lc{y# !]g|cj ek|o{y zm{a

lftog}flc{&neylk igxl~ejl e~l mclomjmnol g~

igxl~ejl |ckl~ {al kltlcklc{ igxl~ejl t~gxmymgc#-5=

Hefmomly \#Y#E# ly{mfe{ly {ae{ 5=5/544 }g|cj ek|o{y mc

Clz ]g~b e~l lomjmnol g~ }g|cj ek|o{ igxl~ejl# Eck

{al lxmklcil yagzy {ae{ {amy t~gxmymgc my ymjcmiec{o}

mci~leymcj {al c|fnl~ g }g|cj ek|o{y {ae{ e~l

mcy|~lk# AAY aey g|ck {ae{ ~gf Ylt{lfnl~ >454

{g @|cl >455/ >#< fmoomgc }g|cj ek|o{y ce{mgczmkl

ejlk 5= {g >< jemclk aleo{a igxl~ejl/ mci~leymcj

{al tl~ilc{ejl mc {amy ejl j~g|t {ae{ e~l igxl~lk

~gf 8;, {g :9,2 AAY aey e{{~mn|{lk {amy mci~leyl mc

igxl~ejl {g {al EIEy }g|cj ek|o{ t~gxmymgc#>4 Jmxlc {ae{ Clz ]g~bl~y e~l 8#9, g {al \#Y# tgt|oe{mgc/

m{ my ~leygcenol {g eyy|fl {ae{ fmcmfeoo} {lcy g

{ag|yecky g Clz ]g~bl~y ejlk 5= {g >< aexl eo~lek}

nligfl igxl~lk |ckl~ {al }g|cj ek|o{ t~gxmymgc#

Zm{a {al ly{enomyaflc{ g e y{e{l lqiaecjl/ eck {al

~lu|m~lflc{ {ae{ eoo ek|o{y nl igxl~lk mc >45;/ {al

tl~ilc{ejl g {amy ejl j~g|t {ae{ my igxl~lk my omblo}

{g ymjcmiec{o} mci~leyl mc {al igfmcj }le~y {aecby {g

{al EIE#

5= E clzy{e{l oez t~gxmymgc eoogzy }g|cj ek|o{y nl{zllc {al ejly g >8 eck >=omxmcj mc Clz ]g~b Y{e{l {g iaggyl {g y{e} gc {alm~ te~lc{y igxl~ejl/ n|{ {al te~lc{g~ iamok my ~lytgcymnol g~ te}mcj e ylte~e{l t~lfm|f g~ {amy }g|cj ek|o{ gt{mgcgxl~ eck engxl zae{ {al te~lc{ te}y g~ {alm~ j~g|t igxl~ejl#>4 [al neymy g~ AAY igcio|ymgc {ae{ {al mci~leyl mc igxl~ejl zey e{{~mn|{enol {g

{al }g|cj ek|o{ t~gxmymgc my {ae{ {al tl~ilc{ejl g mcy|~lk ek|o{y ejlk >8 {g 9455

~ltg~{/ [al Ng{{gf Omcl0 Agz {al Ehg~kenol

Ie~l Ei{ Aloty Clz ]g~b Hefmomly/ |ylk ec

ligcgfmi fgklo {g fley|~l {al mftei{ gc

Clz ]g~b efmomly mc >45= g ylxl~eo EIE

t~gxmymgcy {eblc {gjl{al~# !>45= zey tmiblk

nlie|yl fec} bl} t~gxmymgcy g {al oez zmoo

nligfl lhli{mxl mc >45;/ eck Hefmomly \#Y#E#zec{lk {g t~gxmkl e xl }le~ zmckgz tl~mgk {g

igcymkl~ {al mftei{ g eoo {al t~gj~efy mc{lcklk {g

lqteck igxl~ejl eck igc{~go aleo{a ie~l igy{y# G

ig|~yl/ {al nlcl{y {g Clz ]g~bl~y zmoo nljmc f|ia

le~oml~ {aec >45=#- Ygfl g {al bl} ckmcjy g {al

~ltg~{ && eoo t~gxmkmcj j|~ly ey {g {al nlcl{y g {al

oez ey g >45= && googz0

Gc exl~ejl/ leia Clz ]g~b ag|ylagok zmoo nl

+5/585 nl{{l~ gh mc >45= k|l {g {al EIE# !Yll

Hmj|~l >#-

Ogz eck fgkl~e{l mcigfl ag|ylagoky !m#l#/ zm{a

mcigfly |t {g +/45=0 ag|ylagoky zm{a mcigfly

+94/444 eck |ckl~ zmoo ~lilmxl {al j~le{ly{

efg|c{ g nlcl{ !zm{a exl~ejl yexmcjy g

+5/;59-# Agzlxl~/ ag|ylagoky zm{a mcigfly g+/;45=-#

[al yexmcjy zmoo nlcl{ Clz ]g~bl~y ei~gyy {al mcigflytli{~|f# Ag|ylagoky zm{a exl~ejl mcigfly |ckl~+94/444 zmoo yexl {al fgy{ !+>/45=/ n|{ eoag|ylagok mcigfl olxloy |t {g +>45=/ zamol Clz ]g~b efmomly {ae{ zl~l t~lxmg|yo}|cmcy|~lk zmoo ~lilmxl ec exl~ejl g +>/;5 Ag|ylagoky mc {al gxl~ +>0 cL{ hmcecimeo LhhLi{gh{aL

ehhg~keNoL ie~L ei{hg~ cLz }g~b hefmomLY/

N} ag|YLagok mcigfL/ >45=

ag|YLagok mcigfLc|fNL~gh

ag|YLagokY

cL{ hmcecimeo LhhLi{

tL~ ag|YLagok

+4&+94/444 >//5;1/144 +18;

+>


20/22

ag|ylagoky e{ xm~{|eoo} eoo mcigfl olxloy

zmoo nlcl{# Hg~ lqeftol/ ag|ylagoky zm{a

mcigfly g +94/444 eck |ckl~ zmoo ~lilmxl ec

exl~ejl g +>/119 mc lkl~eo eyymy{ecil/ zamol

{agyl zm{a mcigfly g +44 +5/;59

+94/444&+4:/844 +15

[g[Eo >/


21/22

5:

ylolI[lk yg|~Ily

~ltg~[y

Efl~miec Iecil~ Ygiml{} Iecil~ Ei{mgc Cl{zg~b/ Efl~miec Kmenl{ly Eyygime{mgc/ Efl~miec O|cj Eyygime{mgc/ eckHefmomly \YE/ Flkmiemky Mftei{ mc Clz ]g~b0 Alotmcj Tlgtol zm{a Yl~mg|y Aleo{a Ie~l Cllky !Ylt{lfnl~ >455-/

a{{t0''zzz#eiyiec#g~j'tk'flkmiemk'flkmiemk&~ltg~{&C]#tk#

Ilc{l~y g~ Kmyleyl Igc{~go eck T~lxlc{mgc/ Aleo{a Mcy|~ecil Igxl~ejl0 Le~o} ^loleyl g Ly{mfe{ly H~gf {al

Ce{mgceo Aleo{a Mc{l~xmlz Y|~xl}/ @ec|e~}&Fe~ia >455 !Ylt{lfnl~ >455-/ a{{t0''zzz#iki#jgx'ciay'ke{e'camy'

le~o}~loleyl'mcy|~>4554=#tk#

Hefmomly \YE/ [al Ng{{gf Omcl0 Agz {al Ehg~kenol Ie~l Ei{ Aloty Clz ]g~b Hefmomly !Gi{gnl~ >455-/ a{{t0''

efmomly|ye>#g~j'eyyl{y'tky'aleo{a&~lg~f'alotmcj&efmomly'Clz&]g~b#tk#

Hefmomly \YE eck Yfeoo N|ymclyy Fe`g~m{}/ E Alotmcj Aeck g~ Yfeoo N|ymclyyly0 Aleo{a Mcy|~ecil [eq I~lkm{y !@|o}>454-/ a{{t0''zzz#efmomly|ye#g~j'eyyl{y'tky'aleo{a&~lg~f'Alotmcj&Yfeoo&N|ymclyyly#tk#

Jlg~jl{gzc \cmxl~ym{} Aleo{a Tgomi} Mcy{m{|{l/ Ilc{l~ g~ Iamok~lc eck Hefmomly/ Iamok~lcy Aleo{a Mcy|~ecil

Igxl~ejl mc {al \cm{lk Y{e{ly ~gf >441&>454 !Cgxlfnl~ >455-/ a{{t0''ii#jlg~jl{gzc#lk|'mcklq'ify&oly}y{lf

ei{mgc7ol6ii,>4t|nomie{mgcy'|cmcy|~lk'eiyWn~ml#tk#

Clz ]g~b Y{e{l Aleo{a Hg|cke{mgc/ Mftolflc{mcj Hlkl~eo Aleo{a ^lg~f0 E ^gekfet g~ Clz ]g~b Y{e{l !E|j|y{

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the affordable care act and new yorkers: the gift that keeps on giving

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