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THE ABILITY OF WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016

TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE

By

ARIF KUNDHORI

NIM 201132156

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2015

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THE ABILITY OF WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016

TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE

SKRIPSI

Presented to University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education

By

ARIF KUNDHORI

NIM 201132156

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2015

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Motto:

Dream, believe, and do it.

Don’t try to be a success man, but rather try to be a valuable man. (Albert

Einstein)

Dedication:

This skripsi is dedicated to:

The writer’s parents (Warsono and Sutinah).

The writer’s young brother (Andik).

The writer’s beloved friend Erin ASL.

The writer’s cousins, Antok, Pipit, Ajib.

Gun, Devita, Unyel, Ngor.

And all of writer’s friends who give support

and motivation.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The writer would like to express his high gratitude to Allah SWT for

blessing and guidance, so the writer can finish his skripsi entitled “The Ability of

Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in

the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by using Cubing Technique”.

The writer wishes to express the writer’s deepest gratitude to those who

are directly or indirectly involved in completing this skripsi, they are:

1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

2. Diah Kurniati, S. Pd., M. Pd. as the head of English Education Department

and the writer’s first advisor who has already approved this research and

given a lot of guidance, suggestion, and motivation in the completion of this

research.

3. Rusiana, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the writer’s second advisor who has patiently and

kindly given valuable guidance, advice, as well as encouragement in

completing this research.

4. All of the lecturers and staffs of English Education Department Teacher

Training and Education Faculty who help the writer in finishing this research.

5. Suharyanto, S.Pd. as the Headmaster of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the

permission and helps.

6. Dra. Sudriningsih as the English teacher of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the

suggestion in the process of collecting data.

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7. Retna Sri Mulyani, S. Pd. as the English teacher of class VIIIF of SMP N 01

Margorejo Pati for the support and guidance in the process of collecting data

of this skripsi.

8. All of the students of class VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in Academic

Year 2015/2016 for the great cooperation and participation.

9. The writer’s beloved parents, Warsono and Sutinah, and also the writer’s

brother, Andik Kurniawan for giving prayer and spirit.

10. The writer’s beloved friend, Erin ASL.

11. All of the writer’s friends who give support and motivation.

12. Anyone that can not be mentioned directly or indirectly who has help the

writer in completing this research.

The writer would like to express her sincerest gratitude to the readers for

some critics and suggestions. Hopefully this skripsi will be useful for everyone.

Pati, 29 August 2015

Arif Kundhori

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ABSTRACT

Kundhori, Arif. 2015. The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth

Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016

Taught by Using Cubing Technique. Skripsi. English Education

Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Muria Kudus

University. Advisor Lecturer: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)

Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.

Key Words: Listening and Listen and Draw

Writing becomes one of the significant problems for the eighth graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, they still have difficulties in understanding together

among vocabulary, grammar, meaning, and genres. In teaching writing, the

teacher must choose an appropriate technique which is suitable on the student’s

condition. When the teacher asks the students to write or describe their ideas

about something, most of students got confused because writing is one of

complicated skill for the students especially in writing descriptive text. So, it

makes their writing ability is still not good yet. Therefore, the writer used an

English teaching technique called Cubing Technique to solve the problems.

The purpose of this research is to find out whether or not there is a

significant difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the Eighth

Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by

Using Cubing Technique.

The design of this research was experimental research. The writer used

one group with pre – test and post – test. The population of the research was the

eighth graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016. The

writer used cluster random sampling technique to take the sample. Then, the

writer got VIIIF with total number of students is 22. The instrument used by the

writer was written test.

The result shows that the post – test is “good” with the mean is 81.72 and

the standard deviation is 7. It is higher than the pre – test with the mean is 51.31,

but the standard deviation is 14.58 because the width interval (i) = 9 was higher

on pre – test than the width interval (i) = 5 on post – test, and the pre – test can be

classified as “poor”. The hypothesis of this research states that there is significant

difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the eighth graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016 before and after taught

by using cubing technique. From the calculation of t-test, the t-obtained was 13.87

and t-critical was ±2.080 with the level of significance (α) 0.05 and degree of

freedom was 21. The t-obtained was higher than t-critical. Therefore, the writer

rejected 𝐻0 (null hypothesis) and accept 𝐻𝑎 (alternative hypothesis) because 𝑡0

fall in the critical region.

Based on the result, the writer give suggestion to the teacher to apply

cubing technique to help the students’ problem in writing, especially on

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descriptive material. It also can be solution for English teachers as an alternative /

manual technique in other skill; listening, reading, speaking.

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ABSTRAK

Kundhori, Arif. 2015. Kemampuan Siswa Kelas Delapan SMP N 01 Margorejo

Pati dalam Menulis Teks Deskripsi Diajarkan Menggunakan Tehnik

Cubing Technique pada Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016. Skripsi. Pendidikan

Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas

Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)

Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: Kemampuan Menulis Teks Deskriptif dan Cubing Technique

Menulis menjadi salah satu masalah yang signifikan untuk murid kelas

VIIIF SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, mereka masih mengalami kesulitan untuk

memahami secara bersamaan antara kosa kata, tata bahasa, arti, dan ragam tulisan.

Dalam pengajaran menulis, seorang guru harus bias memilih tehnik yang sesuai

dengan kondisi seorang murid. Ketika guru meminta siswa untuk menulis atau

mendeskripsikan idenya tentang sesuatu, sebagian besar para siswa masih bingung

karena menulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang rumit bagi siswa

khususnya dalam menulis deskripsi. Jadi, hal tersebut membuat kemampuan

menulis mereka masih belum baik. Oleh karena itu, penulis menggunakan teknik

pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang disebut Cubing Technique untuk mengatasi

permasalahan tersebut.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari apakah ada atau tidak

perbedaan signifikan antara kemampuan menulis teks deskripsi dari murid kelas

VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah

diajar menggunakan Cubing Technique.

Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Penulis

menggunakan grup tunggal dengan pre –test dan post – test. Populasi diambil dari

kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Penulis

menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling untuk mengambil sampel. Dan

penulis mendapatkan kelas VIIIF dengan jumlah siswa 22. Instrumen yang

digunakan berupa soal tes tertulis.

Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa post – tes tergolong “bagus”

dengan nilai rata-rata 81.72 dan deviasi standar 7. Lebih tinggi dari pre – tes

dengan nilai rata-rata 51.31, akan tetapi deviasi standarnya 14.58 karena interval

tengah di pre –tes 9 lebih tinggi dari interval tengah di post –tes 5, dan pre – tes

tergolong “jelek”. Hipotesis penelitian ini menyatakan ada perbedaan signifikan

antara kemampuan menulis deskripsi siswa kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati

tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah diajar menggunakan Cubing

Technique. Dari perhitungan t-test, t-obtained diketahui 13.87 dan t-critical

±2.080 dengan level signifikan (α) 0.05 dan degree of freedom 21. T-obtained

lebih besar dari t-critical. Jadi, penulis menolak 𝐻0 (null hypothesis) dan

menerima 𝐻𝑎 (alternative hypothesis) karena 𝑡0 (t-obtained) jatuh di daerah kritis.

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Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penulis member saran kepada guru untuk

menerapkan cubing tehnik untuk membantu kesulitan siswa dalam keterampilan

menulis khususnya untuk menulis teks deskripsi. Juga bisa menjadi solusi

alternatif / teknik manual untuk keterampilan yang lain; mendengarkan, membaca,

berbicara.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ........................................................................................................... i

LOGO .............................................................................................................. ii

TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... xiii

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xvii

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xviii

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xix

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Research ................................................................. 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ...................................................................... 3

1.3 Objective of the Research ..................................................................... 3

1.4 Significance of the Research ................................................................. 3

1.5 Scope of the Research ........................................................................... 4

1.6 Operational Definition .......................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE

AND HYPOTHESIS ...................................................................................... 5

2.1 Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ....................................... 5

2.2 Curriculum of Language Teaching in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ............ 5

2.3 The Material of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati .............. 6

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2.4 The Method of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. .............. 7

2.5 Writing as Language Skill. ........................................................................ 8

2.6 Component of Writing. .............................................................................. 9

2.7 Genre. ......................................................................................................... 9

2.8 Characteristic of Descriptive. ..................................................................... 12

2.9 Technique of Teaching Writing. ................................................................ 13

2.10 Cubing Technique. ..................................................................................... 15

2.11 The Advantages of Cubing Technique....................................................... 16

2.12 Steps of Using Cubing Technique ............................................................. 16

2.13 Previous Research ...................................................................................... 18

2.14 Theoretical Framework. ............................................................................. 18

2.15 Hypothesis. ................................................................................................. 19

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH ...................................... 20

3.1 Design of the Research. ............................................................................. 20

3.2 Population and Sample. ............................................................................. 21

3.3 Instrument of the Research. ....................................................................... 22

3.4 Procedure of Data Collection. .................................................................... 24

3.5 Data Analysis. ............................................................................................ 25

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH ....................................... 29

4.1 Finding of the Research ......................................................................... 29

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4.1.1 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before

Taught by Using Cubing Technique ...................................................... 30

4.1.2 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After

Taught by Using Cubing Technique ........................................................ 33

4.1.3 The Significance Different of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text

of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the

Aceaddemic year 2015/2016 Before and After Taught by Using

Cubing Technique.................................................................................... 36

4.2 Hypothesis Testing ................................................................................ 36

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ......................................................................... 39

5.1 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before

Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 39

5.2 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 After

Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 40

5.3 The Significant Difference Between The Ability of Writing

Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati

in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before and After Being Taught By

Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 41

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CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 43

6.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 43

6.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................. 43

BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 45

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 47

STATEMENT ................................................................................................. 81

CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ 82

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LIST OF TABLES

Page

3.1 The Scoring Guidance of Writing ......................................................... 23

3.2 The Criteria of Scoring the Students’ Writing Ability .......................... 24

4.1 The Score of Pre-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of

the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic

Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 30

4.2 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive

Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the

Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing

Technique ............................................................................................. 31

4.3 The Score of Post-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of

the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic

Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 33

4.4 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive

Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the

Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing

Technique .............................................................................................. 34

4.5 The Summary of T-test Result of the Ability of Writing Descriptive

Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the

Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......... 37

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LIST OF FIGURES

Page

2.1 Cubing Technique.................................................................................. 15

4.1 The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing

Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati

in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing

Technique .............................................................................................. 32

4.2 The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing

Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati

in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing

Technique .......................................................................................... 35

4.3 The Sampling Distribution of T-test ...................................................... 38

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Page

1 Syllabus ................................................................................................ 47

2 Lesson Plan ............................................................................................ 50

3 The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth

Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year

2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique ....................... 68

4 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of

Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01

Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By

Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 69

5 The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth

Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year

2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......................... 71

6 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of

Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01

Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By

Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 72

7 The t-test Calculation Pre-test and Post-test of the Eighth Graders of

SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 ............... 74

8 The Students of VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic

Year 2015/2016 ..................................................................................... 76

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9 t Table .......................................................................................... 77

10 Pre-test .......................................................................................... 78

11 Post-test .......................................................................................... 79

14 Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan .............................................................. 80

15 Permohonan Ujian Skripsi ..................................................................... 81