The 3rd Annual Conference on Transport, Trade and Service Studies

Green Transport in Hong Kong

Environmental Protection DepartmentThe Government of the Hong KongSpecial Administrative Region

Mr W. C. MokAssistant Director (Air Policy)

What is Green Transport when

• electric vehicles are not yet ready to fully replace conventional vehicles, particularly commercial ones;

• marine vessels still rely heavily on conventional engines; and

• transportation is still an essential part of our daily life?

Green TransportThe following are our efforts to make the transport green – • Promote the use of public transport over

private cars;• Introduce green technologies to the franchised

bus fleet;• Exploit the advancement in clean engine/fuel

technologies for both land and marine transportation; and

• Keep the emissions of in-use vehicles/vessels under control.

Green Transport

• Road Transport • Marine transport

Promote the Use of Public Transport

Promote the Use of Public Transport

• 14.8 million passenger trips per day in a typical work day

• 90% taken up in public transport

40% by railway

30% by franchised buses

30% by other public transports (ferries, taxis, trams, public light buses etc.)

Introduce Green Technologies to Franchised Bus Fleet

Franchised Buses

Retrofitting Selective Catalytic Reduction Devices

• To fully subsidize franchised bus companies (at a cost of about $400 million) to retrofit some 1 400 Euro II and III franchised buses with selective catalytic reduction devices (SCRT) devices to reduce their NOx emissions

• Enabling Euro II and III franchised buses’ emission performance to upgrade to level comparable with those of Euro IV or above buses

Franchised BusesElectric and hybrid bus trial

Fully subsidize franchised bus companies - at about $210 million to purchase 36 electric buses and 6 hybrid buses for trial under local conditions

Setting up pilot low emission zones for franchised buses in busy corridors

Bus route rationalization

Exploit Advancement of Clean engine/fuel technologies

for both Land and Marine Transportation

Statutory Vehicle Emissionand Fuel Standards

It is our standing policy to adopt the most stringent vehicle emission and fuel standards whenever practicable.• Euro V fuel standard from July 2010• Euro V vehicle emission standards from June

2012

Promotion of Electric Vehicles• Top level policy steer: Financial Secretary chairs Steering Committee on

the Promotion of EVs to provide top level policy steer

• Financial incentives– First Registration Tax for EVs is waived till March 2017– Full profits tax deduction for the capital expenditure on EVs in the first

year of procurement

• Government taking the lead in using EVs 218 EVs in the Government fleet

• Encourage proactively the EV manufacturers to introduce EVs into HK 37 EV models

Promotion of Electric Vehicles

• Working with the private sector in setting up EV charging facilities About 1 000 standard charging points, over 100 medium charging points, about 10 CHAdeMO quick chargers

• Launching a pilot scheme to enable suppliers of electric taxis to install quick chargers at Government’s car parks

Growth of Electric Vehicles

　 2009 Oct 2014

Private cars 4 926

Motorcycles 17 115

Buses 2 5

Light buses 1 5

Light goods vehicles 4 54

Medium goods vehicles 0 2

Taxis 0 48

Total 28 1155

Pilot Green Transport Fund• Trials approved for testing out:

– electric buses, light buses, goods vehicles and taxis

– hybrid goods vehicles and light buses

– solar air-conditioning system on shuttle bus & public light buses

– repowering of bus engines

– retrofitting a ferry with a diesel-electric propulsion system and a seawater scrubber

Keep emissions of in-use vehicles

under control

Inspection & Maintenance for In-use Vehicles

Dual Remote Sensing Systems in Operation

Inspection & Maintenance for In-use Vehicles

• Smoky Vehicle Control Program

• Advanced dynamometer smoke test for more stringent testing

• From 1999 to 2013, no. of

smoky vehicles spotted fell by 80%,

59,000 => < 7,500 per year

ControllingMarine Emissions

Multi-pronged Control Strategy

Promote Clean Marine Fuel Regulatory Control New Technology Regional Collaboration

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Promote clean marine fuel

Local/river vessels Ocean-going vessels

Upgrading local marine diesel

• 1 April 2014 - impose statutory 0.05% sulphur limit on locally supplied marine light diesel

• ↓90% from 0.5% (previous limit)• Local and river vessels refilled in HK:

– SO2 emission ↓90%

– RSP emission ↓30%

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Fuel switch at berth – Fair Winds Charter

• Introduced in 2011, extended to end 2014• Industry-led voluntary initiative• OGVs switched to low-sulphur fuel while berthing

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Fuel switch at berth Incentive Scheme and Legislation

• Introduced 3-year Port Facilities and Light Dues Incentive Scheme in Sept 2012- Port dues reduced 50% for OGVs switching

to low S fuel (S≤0.5%) while berthing- As at Oct 2014: 7000 OGV-calls

participated, revenue forgone ~HK$37M• Preparing new regulation to mandate this

practice in mid 2015

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Regulatory Control

Implement MARPOL Annex VIMerchant Shipping (Prevention of Air Pollution) Regulation

Cap. 413M

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Pollutant ControlGeneral Ban onboard incinerationOzone depleting substances (ODS) Ban new ODS installation

Sulphur dioxide Fuel sulphur capNitrogen oxides (NOx)

NOx emission standard for new engines

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

Vapor recovery from tankers when loading

Dark Smoke Control

• Amended legislation in July 2014• Emission darkness > Ringelmann Chart shade 2

for 3 minutes => offence

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OGVs Shipping and Port Control Ordinance (Cap.313)

Local vessels Merchant Shipping (Local Vessels) Ordinance (Cap.548)

• Speed control (8-15 knots) in force in Victoria Harbour, Harbour East and West

• When ships slow down

- energy consumption

- emissions

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Vessel Length

≦60m ＞ 60m

(A) 10 kn 8kn

(B) 15 kn 10 kn

(C) 15kn

Vessel Speed ReductionShipping and Port Control Regulations, Cap. 313A

New Technology

Onshore Power Supply• Explore installing OPS in Kai Tak Cruise

Terminal• Conduct feasibility study • Reviewing findings and charting way forward

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Regional Collaboration

Regional collaboration

Pursuing regional collaboration with Guangdong and Shenzhen to explore:

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Short term Fuel switch at berthLonger term Emission Control Area

THANK YOU!

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