The 1930s

Part II: From “The Second New Deal” to the Coming of the

Second World War

The Second New Deal

Note: The “Second New Deal” is considered to be a part of the New Deal as a whole.

Why a Second New Deal?

• The first one was not working.• Roosevelt was under fire from critics on

the left who claimed his New Deal had not gone far enough.

Charles Coughlin

Francis E. Townsend and the Townsend Plan

Huey P. “Kingfish” Long and the “Share Our Wealth” Plan

Huey P. “Kingfish” Long and the “Share Our Wealth” Plan

Huey P. “Kingfish” Long and the “Share Our Wealth” Plan

Why a Second New Deal?

• The first one was not working.• Roosevelt was under fire from critics on

the left who claimed his New Deal had not gone far enough.

• The Supreme Court had declared many features of the early New Deal to be unconstitutional.

The Supreme Court and the New Deal

Why a Second New Deal?

• The first one was not working.• Roosevelt was under fire from critics on

the left who claimed his New Deal had not gone far enough.

• The Supreme Court had declared many feature of the early New Deal to be unconstitutional.

• Roosevelt himself was eager to go farther.

Social Security: The Centerpiece of the “Second New Deal”

• Was never based on investment.• Benefits were paid out as soon as funds

came in.• Is a “pyramid scheme” or “ponzi scheme.”• In every pyramid scheme a large number

of people wind up paying but never receiving.

The Coming of the Second World War

Four aggressive, totalitarian regimes threatened peace and freedom:

• Fascist Italy

Fascist Italy

Benito Mussoli

The Coming of the Second World War

Four aggressive, totalitarian regimes threatened peace and freedom:

• Fascist Italy• National Socialist Germany

National Socialist Germany

Adolf Hitler

The Coming of the Second World War

Four aggressive, totalitarian regimes threatened peace and freedom:

• Fascist Italy• National Socialist Germany• Racist/Nationalist Imperial Japan

Imperial Japan

Hideki Tojo

Imperial Japan

The Coming of the Second World War

Four aggressive, totalitarian regimes threatened peace and freedom:

• Fascist Italy• National Socialist Germany• Racist/Nationalist Japan• Communist Soviet Union

The Soviet Union

Joseph Stalin

Italy in Ethiopia, 1936

Japan in China

The Rape of Nanking, December 1937

Japan in China

The Rape of Nanking, December 1937

Japan in China

The Rape of Nanking, December 1937

Japan in China

The Rape of Nanking, December 1937

German provocations

• Militarization of the Rhineland• Expansion of German army, navy, air

force, far beyond treaty limits• Annexation of Austria• Annexation of Bohemia

German provocations

German provocations

Hitler’s policies

Munich 1938

British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain: “Peace for our time”

Hitler-Stalin Pact, 1939

World War II begins

World War II begins

World War II begins

World War II begins

World War II begins

Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis