thailand: the saraburi dairy farming project
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Thailand: The Saraburi Dairy Farming Project. Background. Began in 1984 to encourage dairy farming among women in Muek Lek land area in the Saraburi Province in Central Thailand - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Thailand:The Saraburi Dairy Farming
Project•
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Background
• Began in 1984 to encourage dairy farming among women in Muek Lek land area in the Saraburi Province in Central Thailand
• Result of cooperation between the Svita Foundation, the Bangkok Bank, the Thai Institute of Scientific Research and the Saraburi provincial administration.
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Activity Profile
• Muek Lek Region Crop Profile– 82% Maize (Production)– 17% Mungbean and Soybean
(Production)– 1% Rice (Family consumption)– Average Net Income of 10, 000 Bt
($270.00)
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Activity FA MA FC MC WhenPrepare land for crop
X March/August
Plant crop X X X X April/Aug
Weed field X April/Aug
Harvest X X X X July, Nov
Raising and Selling Eggs and Pigs
X Daily
Activity Profile: Production
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Activity Profile: ReproductionActivity FA MA FC MC WhenFinances X Daily (busiest
after harvest)
Cleaning X Daily
Food Preparation
X Daily
Laundry X Daily
Childcare X x Daily
Animal Care
X Daily
Household repairs
X When needed
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Access and Control Profile: Resources
Resources M Access F Access M Control
F Control
Land X X XEquipment X XLabor - Production X XLabor - Reproduction
X X X
Capital X X X XEducation/Training X X X X
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Access and Control Profile: Benefits
Benefits M Access
F Access
M Control
F Control
Income X X X
In-Kind Goods
X X X
Education X X X XPolitical Power
X X
Assets Ownership
X X X
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Analysis of FactorsInfluencing Access and Control
• Economic Conditions: Average Family Income: 10,000 Bt ($270.00)
• Poor but not impoverished area• Families could borrow money at a 20%
interest rate which, although steep, helped many make it through times of drought
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Analysis of Factors:
• Thai government appeared to support increased milk production within the country– Limited dairy imports– Forced dairy companies to purchase
10 units of local milk for every unit of imported powder
–
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Analysis of Factors
• Demand for milk:– Between 1972-1982, the demand for
milk grew 25% every year.– In 1983, production of milk lagged
behind production.
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Summary of Muek Lek Prior to Dairy Project
• Women and men share the productive and reproductive labor
• Men have more control of resources and benefits
• The majority of farmers are poor• The demand for milk is high and
the government supports local production.
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The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Women's Needs – Increased production without travel
time– Increased control if the cows and
income belonged to the women– A project that can be streamlined to
the current product demands of the surrounding area.
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The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Women’s Needs - In Saraburi, women and men were
consulted at the preliminary stages of project planning.
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The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Defining General Project Objectives- The project objectives were explicitly related to and adequately reflect women’s needs
Increased Access: cows do not need to graze so they will be near home.Increased Control: Women will be in
control of production and, hopefully, profit.
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The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
• Defining General Objectives– A a number of local women
participated in setting objectives.– Earlier efforts to get dairy production
off of the ground in Thailand did not involve a women’s initiative.
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The Project Cycle Analysis
Women’s Role in Project Identification• Defining General Objectives
– Lessons from earlier programs:• In 1960’s – Thai/Danish dairy project
began and by 1980’s was experiencing some difficulties
• Low yields from cross-bred cows/Lack of infrastructure
• New project would include imported cows that would produce a higher yield.
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The Project Cycle Analysis
Women’s Role in Project Identification• Possible Negative Effects
– The only negative effects could be a women borrowing from the bank to buy a cow and then encounter difficulty in raising it.
– In the study, one women’s cow died but she was able to recover financially by purchasing another one and making a profit.
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
• Project Impact on Women’s Activities– The project affects production and, in turn,
reproduction.– The project does not plan to change the
women’s locus of activity.– This is not a missed opportunity for
women’s role development because of how the local women respond to the increased income.
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
• Impact on Women’s Access and Control– Women will have access and control of their
cows (resources)– This does not necessarily mean that the women
will control the benefits.
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Personnel– The project is sufficiently aware of and
sympathetic to women’s needs.– Women are involved at every level of
project implementation.– Training: 71% of those trained were
women
–
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Organizational Structures– The organizational form does
enhance women’s access to resources • Money• Cows • Supplementary Materials
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Organizational Structures– The organization does have the power to to
obtain resources needed by women from other organizations.
• The Thai government is backing the project and is invested in its outcome.
• There is the financial capability to help the women through the transition process.
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation• Operations and Logistics:
– Delivery channels are accessible to women.
– The feed mill is in the village and is operated by the dairy farmers.
– There are NOT mechanisms in place to make sure that the project resources and benefits are not usurped by males. (Mill)
– Free veterinary services
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Finances– Funding levels are adequate for
program continuity• Bangkok Bank and the Women’s World
Banking • It is possible to trace the funds for the
women from allocation to delivery with a fair degree of accuracy.
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Flexibility– There does not seem to be a management
information system that helps to detect the effects of project on women.
– There does seem to be flexibility within the project to adapt.
•
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project
Implementation
• Data Requirements:– Tools in put in place to measure
financial data:• Maize Farming: 10,000 Bt (270 USD)• Dairy Farming:37,000 Bt (999 USD)
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The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project
Implementation
• Collection and Analysis: • There is not a mechanism in place to
measure impact on women.• The project was largely established to
augment female farmer’s income and so the measurement stops with the finances.
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The End