th dec 2015, silc , future smart farming siraj pinjari...
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4th Dec 2015, SILC , Future smart farmingSiraj PinjariGouri Jadhav
Hydroponics - contentMethods ,Substrates ,Crops1. What is hydroponics ?2. Benefits-Why hydroponics?3. Soil to soiless4. Crops
Fertigation: 1. Water quality and plant nutrition.2. Nutrient solution , EC and PH.3. Fertilizers.4. Tank A ; B. And Acid Tank.
Costing1. Infra structure cost2. Operation cost3. Savings
QA
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Hydroponics Hydroponics : Hydro = Water , Ponics = work
Hydroponics is growing plants in inert medium like coco-peat, Perlite, vermiculite and providing essential nutrients through water i.e. Nutrient solution.
Inert material means it does not provide nutrition.
Unlike soil which provide various nutrients to plants.
Why hydroponics? Water scarcity at certain location.
Labour availability problems or labour cost.
Undulating land. Tillage not possible with tractor/bullocks
Soil is not cultivable (Barren Sodic soils-Kutchh).
Automation of cultivation for efficiency.
Cultivation on Roof top – terrace gardening or urban farming.
Recreation/hobby like Living wall.
Sloppy, uneven and rocky land
Benefits of Hydroponics Efficient use of water and fertilizer. Reduces water
consumption by around 80-90 %.
Better and efficient control on macro and micro nutrients application.
Recycling of water is possible.
Reduced labor cost on land preparation, compost , fumigation and inter-culture – removing weeds.
Better control on EC & PH.
Efficient control on soil borne diseases like root rot.
Better quality, shelf life and Productivity.
Soil to soil-less farming
Soil farming using drip and sprinklers
Soil farming using only drip
Salads using NFT
Everything in grow bags
Myths and realityMyth -Hydroponics should be done in polyhouseonly.
Reality –NOIt can be done in shade net / open cultivation.
Myth-It uses harmful chemicals.
Reality –NoIt uses pure water soluble fertilizers.
Crops we grow Crop
Leafy green Lettuce
Icerberg Lettuce
Broccoli
Red Cabbage
Zucchini
Color capscicumCherry Tomato/ Tomato
White Brinjal
Kale
Crops grownCrop Method
Cabbage Grow Bags
Cauliflower Grow Bags
Cucumber/ Dodka / Karle Grow BagsChillies Grow Bags
Tomato Grow Bags
Mutter / ghevda Grow Bags
Methi, pala etc Trays
Flowers –Rose Pots / grow bags
Gerbera Pots / Grow Bags
Fertigation Hydroponics
Saves 90 % water.
Imagination of layman. NFT.
Methods1. SUB IRRIGATED
2. DWC – Deep water culture.
3. Wick Method.
4. Aeroponics
5. Ebb and Flow.
6. NFT – Nutrient film technique.
7. TOP IRRIGATED
8. Drip method .
Deep Water Culture- Roots need O2
DWC
Coco Peat Pellets
Aeroponics
Ebb and Flow
NFT- Nutrient Film Technique
Grow Bag 1 metre
Top Irrigated - Drip Pots , troughs and Grow bags .
Pots
Grow Bag 30 cm
Grow Bags with Crop
Drip irrigation. Spaghetti
Fertigation Water quality and plant nutrition.
Water PH .
EC – Electrical conductivity.
EC of substrate.
Nutrient solution , EC and PH.
Fertilizers.
Tank A ; B Tank.
PH
PH is a parameter that measures acidity and alkalinity of solution on scale of 0- 14
0 to 6.9 = Acidic
7 = Neutral
7.1 to 14 = Alkaline
For Hydroponics slightly acidic PH (5.5 to 6.5) is recommended for better nutrient absorption.
PH Meter
EC = Electrical conductivity Total amounts of salts in water determine the
electrical conductivity of water
Measured in ds/m.
1000 micro siemens/cm =1 mS/cm = 1 dS/m
It determines osmosis in roots.
EC of water with fertilizer should be less than 2 ds/m (>2 depending upon crop)
1 EC = 640 ppm.
EC Meter
Nutrient Solution Nutrient solution is aqueous (water) solution
containing inorganic soluble salts of essential elements like
Macro
Micro
Macro Elements Micro Elements
Nitrogen(N),Phosphorus(P), Potash (K) Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) , Sulphur (S).
Boron (B), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) , Molybdenum (Mo)
Fertilizers used in HydroponicsName Formula/Commo
n nameNutrient % Solubility
Gm/Lit at 20 oC
Calcium Nitrate CaNo3 15.5 N ; 19 Ca 1290
Potassium Nitrate KNO3 (13-0-45) 13 N ; 45 K 316
Mono Potassium Phosphate
0-52-34 52 P ; 34 K 226
Magnesium Sulphate MgSo4 Mg 9-10 ; S 13 335
Potassium Sulphate K2SO4 (0-0-50) K-50 , S - 18 111
Ferrous Chelated Fe EDTA 12 % Fe
Fe EDDHA 6 % Fe
MicronutrientsElement Source
Boron Borax
Disodium Octaborate (Solubor)
Zinc ZnSO4 7H2O. Zn-Sulphate
Manganese MnSO4. Mn-Sulphate
Copper CuSO4 (Blue copper)
Molybdenum Sodium Molybdate orAmmonium molybdtae
Nitric acid / phosphoric acid
pH management
Set up design
Tank A Contents of Nutrient solution A : grow bags
Calcium Nitrate
Potassium Nitrate
Fe EDTA
Contents of Nutrient solution A : Soil
• Urea / Calcium Nitrate
• Fe EDTA
Tank B Contents of nutrient
solution B : Grow Bags
MgSo4
MKP
K2So4
Boron
Zinc
Manganese
Copper
Molybdenum
• Contents of nutrient solution B : Soil
• MgSo4 • MKP • K2So4 / MOP• Boron • Zinc • Manganese • Copper • Molybdenum
Nutrient requirement mg/litCrop Nitrogen Phosphorus Potash
Tomato 125 -200 40-50 300-350
Green Vegetables 125-150 30-50 130-200
Cabbage 125-175 30-50 130-200
Chillies 125-150 30-50 200-300
Cucumber/gourds 125-175 30-50 200-250
Gerbera 100 30-50 110-140
Ventury
Diaphragm Pump
Fertigation for Soil Fertigation is method of applying fertilizers with
irrigation water.
Steps must be followed
1) Soil Testing
2) Preparation of tank A and B fertilizer solution.
3) Apply through drip using diaphragm pump better than use of ventury.
Fertigation for Soil
Fertigationfor Soil
CostingInfra structure cost
Small grow bag 30-35 rs
Long grow bag : 80-100 rs.
3 year life of each grow bag
Operation cost : Fertilizer cost 15000 to 40000 for 10 gunthe
Savings : no Weeds, Reduced labour, no soil born diseases/ pests, water 80-90% saving
How to reduce cost for soil Use urea for fertigation in soil (1/3 reduction in
fertlizers use)
Use Muriat of potash (1/3 reduction in fertlizer use)
Cost of fertilizer.
Hydroponics – 15000 to 40,000 per 10 R.
Cotton – 3600 per acre
Banana -25,000-30,000 per acre
Pomegranate -15,000 per acre
Papaya – 15,000-20,000 per acre
Thanks Siraj Pinjari : 9823 691 404
Gouri Jadhav : 9325 20 6907
Earth Alliance
77 580 111 74