textile novel & smart fabrics
TRANSCRIPT
John Hardin, Ph.D.Acting Executive Director
North Carolina Board of Science and [email protected]
Nanotechnology in North Carolina Assets, Activities, Challenges, and Opportunities
Presented at the RTRP All-Cluster Network MeetingCED Entrepreneurship Center
June 4, 2008
http://www.ncscienceandtechnology.com
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Pop Quiz!!!
1. What does “nano” mean?
2. Is nanotechnology an industry?
3. How many companies in NC are currently known to be working with nanotechnology?
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Presentation Overview
1. What is nanotech*?
2. Why is nanotech important?
3. What are NC’s nanotech assets, activities, challenges, and opportunities?
*Throughout this presentation, “nanotechnology” will be abbreviated as “nanotech”
For additional information about nanotech in NC, see:
NCnanotechnology.com
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• Information clearinghouse about nanotechnology, particularly in NC
• Since December 26 (five months):
• More than 7,500 page views
• More than 3,700 visits from 83 countries, 49 U.S. States, and 91 N.C. cities
NCnanotechnology.com
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1. What is nanotech?
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Nanotech Defined
• Nano = Greek for “Dwarf”• Nano = “1 billionth”
• Research and development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular levels, in the length scale of approximately 1-100 nanometer range . . .
• . . . to create and use structures, devices and systems that have novel properties and functions because of their small and/or intermediate size
• Nanotech involves purposeful imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale
Source: National Nanotechnology Initiative
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• Virtually all of science and engineering have converged to work at the nanoscale
• Giving us unprecedented understanding and control of elemental phenomena such as intracellular processes, chemical reactions, and quantum mechanics
• We now can build materials literally molecule-by-molecule, allowing us to harness previously inaccessible properties of matter
Source: National Nanotechnology Initiative
Nanotech Defined
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Understanding Size
How big (small) are we talking about?
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1 meter
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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10 centimeters
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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1 centimeter
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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1,000
Micrometers
(µm)
1 mm
1,000,000 nm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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100
micrometers
(µm)
0.1mm
100,000 nm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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10
micrometers
(µm)
0.01 mm
10,000 nm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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1,000 Nanometers
1 micrometer(µm)
0.001 mm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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100
nanometers
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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10
nanometers
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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1 nanometer
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm/P10/english/P0.html
Understanding Size
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Size Matters
• It’s not just how big you are; it’s what you can do with it
• As things approach the nanoscale, new properties emerge due to size confinement and quantum phenomena
• Specifically, nanotechnology will permit control of the following:
• Structural properties (e.g. strength and ductility)
• Electrical properties
• Thermal properties
• Magnetic properties
• Optical properties
• Catalytic properties
• Biocompatibility
• Friction
Source: National Nanotechnology Initiative
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2. Why is nanotech important?
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New Products, New Companies, &New Jobs
Source: National Nanotechnology Initiative; NanoBusiness Alliance
TextilesNovel & Smart Fabrics
MedicineDiagnostics & Drug Delivery
MachineryMaterials & Coatings
EnvironmentFiltration & Purification
EnergyCatalysts & Converters
ElectronicsSemiconductors & Switches
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Diverse products already incorporate nanotech
Source: Lux Research
23Source: National Science Foundation
Predicted Impact of Nanotech on the Global Economy
• $340B materials
• $300B electronics
• $180B pharmaceuticals
• $100B chemical manufacture
• $70B aerospace
• $45B sustainability
• $30B improved healthcare
• $20B tools
Market size predictions: $1 trillion over next 10-12 years
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Conventional Wisdom and Market Realities of Nanotech
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The Nanotech Value Chain
Source: October 2004 Lux Research Report “Sizing Nanotechnology’s Value Chain”
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3. What are NC’s nanotech assets, activities, challenges & opportunities?
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Roadmap Background and Goal
• In spring 2005, NC’s Senior Science & Technology Advisor and its Board of Science and Technology formed the Governor’s Task Force on Nanotechnology and the Economy
• Composed of 28 members broadly representing business, academia, and the public sector from across NC, its charge was to:
• Develop a roadmap for an aggressive and coordinated initiative to advance successful nanotech-based economic development and high-wage employment across NC
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• Funding
• Facilities & Equipment
• Industry-University Nexus
• Policies
• Culture & Goals of Commercialization Organizations
Commercialization
• Funding
• K-16 Education System
• Industry Training
• Policies
• Culture & Goals of Education/Training Organizations
Education & Workforce
Environment
Public Leadership
Public Understanding
Public Leadership
Public Understanding
• Funding
• Facilities & Equipment
• Researchers
• Policies
• Culture & Goals of Research & Development Organizations
Research & Development
* *[Inputs] [Outputs] [1st-Order Outcomes]
Economic Development
Technology Companies
(New & Enhanced) *[2nd-Order Outcomes]
Innovative Ideas
Innovative Technologies
Roadmap Approach
End Goal
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RDU 8th among U.S regions in university-based nanotech research;
not predicable based on region’s size, economy, or strength of science base
Sample Findings:R&D Patterns
NC ranks in top 10 states in R&D funding from National Nanotech Initiative
Nanotechnology in the U.S. South
• Study focused on the potential of the U.S. South (13 states*) to develop a viable nanotech clusters
• Ten indicators in four areas:
– Knowledge generation
– Human capital
– R&D funding
– Patenting
Source: Youtie & Shapira (2008). Forthcoming in The Journal of Technology Transfer
*Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, & West Virginia 30
Findings:
• Overall findings: Much of U.S. South has little potential to develop significant nanotech strengths, except for a few clusters:
– Research Triangle Park, NC
– Atlanta, GA
– Oak Ridge, TN
– Virginia
• North Carolina, driven by RTP region, ranked the highest on all 10 indicators
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Source: Youtie & Shapira (2008). Forthcoming in The Journal of Technology Transfer
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Nanotech funding to NC universities increased 5-fold (conservative estimate)
Sample Findings:R&D Trends
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NC universities are home to more than 30 organized R&D units focusing on nanotech
Sample Findings:R&D Patterns
Source: A Roadmap for Nanotechnology in North Carolina’s 21st Century Economy
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NC has nearly 60 nanotech companies and a statewide distribution of high-tech clusters that will be highly impacted by nanotech
Sample Findings:Commercial
Approximately 50% of companies identified as working with nanotech were originally affiliated with local universities
Source: A Roadmap for Nanotechnology in North Carolina’s 21st Century Economy
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NC has a strong presence in several tech clusters that will be highly impacted by nanotech; nanotech could help grow weak clusters
Sample Findings & Predictions:Commercial
Source: Hardin and Harder(2003). Tracking Innovation: North Carolina Innovation Index.
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The Nanotech Value Chain
Source: October 2004 Lux Research Report “Sizing Nanotechnology’s Value Chain”
Alamac
AccuFLEX
Liquid Logic
Alnis
Amphora
Asklêpios
Centice Coventer
Dotmetrics
Expression Analysis
Hydro-Flo
INILiquidia
Materials Analytical Svc.
MMFX Steel
Nanolytics
NanotechLabs
NextremeOptotrack
QuarTek
SolarAMP
Umicore
VF Corp
Xintek
Ziptronix
Nanomaterials (14)
Nanointermediates(12)
Nano-Enabled Products(7)
North Carolina Nanotech Value Chain
LaamScience
ProtoChips
Sensory Analytics
Pharm Agra
Trimeris
Chemsee, Inc
ZellCompHexatech
BiomachinesInternational Tech. Center
Nanolume
3rdTech
Nanotech Capital
RTI
Tiny Technology
Micell
MEMScap
HPC Hydrosize
Institutec
Microphase
Semiconductor Research
Appealing Products
Nanotools(15)
Source: Gereffi, Frederick, & Ong (2007). Nanotechnology In North Carolina Presentation
3rd Tech
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Strengths & Weaknesses of NC to form Nanotech Clusters
Strengths1) Established emphasis
on enabling technology industries: biotech & info tech
2) Existing manufacturing base
3) Strong university infrastructure
4) Local support (government)
Weaknesses1) Lack of strong linkages to
critical U.S. centers in California and Northeast
2) Not fully capitalizing access to strong research universities and centers
3) Smaller regional capital pools and limited private R&D
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Source: Youtie & Shapira (2008). Forthcoming in The Journal of Technology Transfer
1) Lack of access to early-stage capital, especially for companies in the research phase
2) Lack of access to university equipment & facilities, especially for companies involved in nanotech research
3) NC university nanotech programs do not have significant industry collaborations
Source: Bozeman, Hardin, & Link (2007). Presentation at the 2007 Tech Transfer Society Conference.Research paper forthcoming in Economics of Innovation and New Technologies, 2008.
Challenges & Opportunities
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Sample Findings:Public Understanding & Leadership
• 2004 national survey found that Americans hold a generally positive view of nanotech and believe potential benefits outweigh potential risks
• But more than 80% of those surveyed indicated they had heard “little” or “nothing” about nanotech, and most could not correctly answer factual questions about it
• NC companies using nanotechnology feel strongly that public understanding of and public leadership support is critical for successful development of nanotechnology businesses
• To date, nanotech has received limited attention by the public, policy makers, and the media in NC
Source: Cobb and Macoubrie, 2004
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Conclusion
• Nanotech will have profound and widespread impacts on society and the economy
• NC is strong overall in nanotech (particularly university R&D) but needs to strengthen certain weaker linkages and areas (industry R&D, commercialization, and workforce development)
• To successfully grow nanotech-based clusters, NC will increasingly need to incorporate nanotech into its economic development strategies
• NC’s Nanotech Roadmap outlines critical steps for advancing nanotech in NC