textbook glossary - exploring life and career 2012 · 2016. 12. 22. · advantages. positive...

Glossary 403

Aabbreviation. Shortened form of a word.

(9-3)abilities. Skills you develop through

practice or training. (12-2)accept. View as normal or proper. (1-2)accessories. Items worn to accent clothing.

(10-1)accidents. Unexpected events causing loss

or injury. (5-2)acrylic. Manufactured fi ber that is softer

than wool and does not feel scratchy. (10-4)

active listening. Being focused on the communication process. (1-5)

addiction. A physical dependency on a substance. (4-2)

adolescence. The stage of growth between childhood and adulthood. (1-2)

adoptive family. A couple, or a single person, chooses to raise another person’s child as their own. (1-3)

adulthood. The stage of growth following adolescence. (1-2)

advantages. Positive points. (3-4)advertising. The process of calling

attention to a product or a business through the mass media. (4-5)

affection. A feeling of fondness. (1-3)à la carte. A menu term meaning each

food or course is listed and priced separately. (8-5)

allergens. Substances that cause an allergic response in people that can be fatal. (8-2)

alterations. Changes made in the size, length, or style of a garment so it will fi t properly. (11-4)

alternative energy sources. Energy from renewable resources, such as the sun or wind. (6-1)

alternatives. Options available to choose from when making a decision. (3-4)

anorexia nervosa. An eating disorder in which the fear of weight gain leads to poor eating patterns, malnutrition, and excessive weight loss. (7-3)

antiperspirant. A product that helps control wetness and covers unpleasant body odor. (4-3)

appearance. The way you look. (4-2)appetite. The desire to eat. (7-3)appetizer. Light food or drink served

before the meal. (8-1)appliance. A tool run by electricity or gas.

(5-2)applications software. Computer

programs you use to do work or other activities. (6-3)

appliqué. Smaller pieces of fabric or trim sewn on a garment. (11-4)

apprentice. Someone who learns a job by working with a skilled worker. (12-3)

aptitude. A natural skill. (12-2)aptitude test. A test taken to show if you

have a natural talent for doing certain tasks. (12-2)

associate’s degree. Degree from a two-year college. (12-3)

Glossary

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Glossary404

Bbabysitting. Caring for children, usually

during a short absence of the parents. (2-1)

bachelor’s degree. Degree from a four-year college. (12-3)

bakeware. Pots and pans used in conventional ovens. (9-1)

balance. A principle of design using equality in size. (5-1)

balanced diet. A diet that provides all the nutrients your body needs for good health. (7-2)

basting. Sewing fabric pieces together with long, loose, temporary stitches. (11-3)

batter. Thin mixture of ingredients for baking quick breads. (9-5)

binge eating. An eating disorder in which people eat large amounts of food in a short time without taking measures to rid the body of unwanted food. (7-3)

biodegradable. Capable of decomposing under natural conditions. (5-3)

bleaches. Chemicals that will lighten fabrics and sometimes remove all color. (10-5)

blend. A combination of two or more different fi bers, fi laments, or yarns. (10-4)

blended family. See stepfamily. (1-3)blog. An online journal. (6-3)body language. Nonverbal

communication, such as facial expressions and gestures. (1-5)

boutiques. Small specialty stores. (10-2)budget. A plan for spending. (4-4)buffet service. A style of meal service

where people help themselves to food set out on a serving table. (8-4)

bulimia. An eating disorder in which people eat large amounts of food and then purge themselves of the food. (7-3)

bully. A person who uses strength or power to persuade or pressure others (force or fear) to do something. (1-5)

burners. Gas cooktop cooking units. (9-1)

Ccalorie information. The number of

calories in one serving of the food on the nutrition label. (8-2)

calories. Units of energy provided by proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. (7-3)

carbohydrates. Nutrients needed by your body for energy. (7-1)

career. A series of related jobs a person holds over time. (12-1)

career clusters. Sixteen groups of career specialties. (12-2)

career pathways. Groupings of jobs in each career cluster. (12-2)

caregiver. A person who takes care of children. (2-1)

casual dating. Dating as part of a couple. (1-4)

centerpiece. A decorative object placed in the middle of the table. (8-4)

challenge. A demanding or diffi cult task or situation that can be a source of distress. (1-6)

character. The traits that guide you in deciding right from wrong. (1-2)

childhood. The stage of growth from birth to adolescence. (1-2)

child labor. Children under a legal age are forced to work long hours in harmful conditions. (3-5)

childless family. A couple without children. (1-3)

childproof. To make an area safe for children by keeping potential dangers away from them. (2-2)

cholesterol. A fatty substance found in foods from animal sources. (7-2)

citizen. A member of a community. (3-5)citizenship. The ways in which citizens

handle their responsibilities. (3-5)civic engagement. Actions that

individuals and groups take to identify and solve the problems of their communities. (3-5)

classic. A style that stays in fashion for a long time. (10-1)


Glossary 405

clutter. When personal belongings are unorganized. (4-1)

color. Element of design using color for effect. (5-1)

communication. Sending or receiving information, signals, or messages. (1-5)

community resources. Resources shared by everyone and paid for through taxes. (3-2)

comparison shopping. Finding the price of a product at different stores. (4-4)

compost. A mixture of decaying organic matter used to improve soil structure and provide nutrients. (5-3)

compromise. An agreement in a confl ict in which both sides are willing to give up a little of what they wanted. (1-6)

cones. Spools of thread used on sergers instead of bobbins. (11-1)

confi dent. Being sure of yourself. (2-3)confl ict. A disagreement between two or

more people. (1-6)confl ict resolution. The process of fi nding

a solution to a disagreement. (1-6)consequences. What happens as a result

of your decisions. (3-4)conserve. To save. (6-1)consignment store. A store that sells

pre-owned clothing where the original owner receives part of the profi ts. (10-1)

consumer. A person who buys or uses goods and services. (4-4)

consumer decisions. Decisions you make about how to spend your money. (4-5)

convenience stores. Small stores offering little selection, but open long hours. (8-2)

cook. To prepare food for eating using heat. (9-1)

cookware. Pots and pans used on the cooktop. (9-1)

cool colors. Blues, greens, and purples. (5-1)cooperate. To act or work together with

others. (2-4)co-op programs. Work-based learning

programs. (12-3)

cotton. Natural fi ber from cotton plants used to make cotton fabric. (10-4)

course. All the foods served as one part of a meal. (8-1)

cover. The table space in front of a person’s seat. (8-4)

credit. A way to pay that lets you buy now and pay later. (4-4)

crisis. Affects the functioning of a family. (1-6)

critical thinking. The ability to look at all sides of a problem. (13-2)

criticism. A judgment. (13-2)culture. The beliefs and customs of a

certain racial, religious, or social group. (1-3)

curdling. Lumping of milk proteins caused by cooking with high heat. (9-5)

cut. To divide foods into small pieces. (9-4)cyberbullying. When a person is

negatively targeted by another through technology. (6-3)

DDaily Values (DV). Percentage fi gures on

nutrition labels that help consumers see how food products fi t into a total daily diet. (8-2)

dandruff. Excessive scalp fl aking. (4-3)debit card. A card issued by banks that

allows the user to deduct money electronically from the user’s bank account. (4-4)

decision. A choice you make about what to do or say in a given situation. (3-4)

decision-making process. A set of six basic steps to help you make decisions, solve problems, or reach goals. (3-4)

deodorant. A product that helps destroy or cover unpleasant body odors. (4-3)

dependent. Relying on another for support. (2-2)

dermatologist. A doctor who specializes in treating the skin. (4-3)


Glossary406

development. Age-related changes that are orderly and directional (moves toward greater complexity). (1-2)

developmental tasks. Skills or behavior patterns people should accomplish at certain stages of their lives. (1-2)

diet. The food and beverages consumed each day. (7-1)

dietary components. A list of nutrients found in each serving of the food product on the nutrition label. (8-2)

Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Document developed by experts to promote a healthful lifestyle through improved nutrition and physical activity. (7-2)

dignity. Feeling of self-worth. (12-1)disadvantages. Negative points. (3-4)discipline. The use of various methods

to help children learn to behave in acceptable ways. (2-1)

displayed storage. Space for storing items in view. (5-1)

dough. Thick mixture of ingredients for baking yeast breads. (9-5)

dry-clean. To clean with chemicals instead of detergent and water. (10-5)

Dry-Clean Only. Product care label instructions; the garment may be ruined if machine washed. (10-5)

dry-heat cooking. Methods for cooking foods without liquids. (9-5)

dry measuring cups. Standard measuring tool used to measure dry ingredients, such as fl our and sugar. (9-4)

Eearly adolescence. The ages between

eleven and fourteen. (1-2)eating disorders. Abnormal, unhealthy

eating patterns. (7-3)ecology. The study of all living objects

in relation to each other and the environment. (6-1)

effi ciency. Working in the best possible manner with the least amount of waste. (6-2)

elements. Electric cooktop cooking units. (9-1)

embroidery. Decorative stitching using a needle and thread. (11-4)

emotional growth and development. Recognizing and accepting your feelings. (1-1)

emotional needs. Safety, being liked by others, gaining recognition, feeling good about yourself, and reaching your potential. (3-1)

emphasis. A principle of design having area as the visual center. (5-1)

employability skills. The basic skills you need to get, keep, and succeed on a job. (13-2)

energy. The capacity for doing work. (7-3)enriched. To have nutrients added to a

product to replace those removed during processing. (7-2)

entrepreneur. A person who starts and manages his or her own business. (12-4)

environment. The conditions, objects, places, and people that are all around a person. (1-1)

environmentally friendly products. Products that are effective and safe for the environment. (5-3)

environmental resources. Assets found in nature. (3-2)

equivalent measures chart. Chart showing how much of one measure equals a larger measuring amount. (9-4)

ethical decision making. Applying ideas of right or wrong to specifi c situations. (3-4)

ethics. Your strong beliefs about right and wrong that guide your conduct. (1-3, 3-4)

etiquette. Proper behavior in social settings. (8-5)

evaluate. To judge an entire plan of action. (4-1)


Glossary 407

Ffabric. Cloth made by weaving or knitting

yarns or by pressing fi bers together. (10-4)

fabric softeners. Chemicals used when washing or drying to make fabrics feel better against your skin. (10-5)

fad. A new style that is popular for only a short time. (10-1)

family. A group of people related to one another by blood (birth), marriage, or adoption. (1-3)

family and consumer sciences careers. Careers in the areas of food science, nutrition and wellness, housing and interior design, textiles and apparel, child and human development, family relations, personal and family fi nance, and education and communications. (12-4)

family council. An informal meeting called to talk over issues concerning family members. (1-6)

family counseling agency. Group that works with family members to help them deal with changes and challenges. (1-6)

family service. A style of meal service where people serve themselves as dishes are passed around the table. (8-4)

family type. The makeup of a family. (1-3)fashion. Styles that are popular at a given

time. (10-1)fatal. Deadly. (5-2)fats. Nutrient needed by your body for

energy. (7-1)feedback. A response that lets the speaker

know you received and understood the message. (1-5)

fi bers. Hair-like strands that can be twisted together to form yarn. (10-4)

Fight BAC. Government program to educate consumers about preventing foodborne illnesses. (9-2)

fi laments. Long, continuous fi bers made from chemicals. (10-4)

fi lling. Horizontal set of yarn when weaving. (10-4)

fi nish. A treatment given to fi bers, yarns, or fabric to improve the look, feel, or performance of a fabric. (10-4)

fi xed expenses. Costs that remain the same on a regular basis. (4-4)

fl atware. Forks, knives, and spoons used for serving and eating. (8-4)

fl ax. Natural fi ber used to make linen fabric. (10-4)

fl exible expenses. Costs that may change from month to month. (4-4)

follow-up letter. Letter sent by a job applicant thanking the interviewer for his or her time. (13-1)

foodborne illnesses. Illnesses caused from toxins produced by harmful bacteria in food. (9-2)

food processors. Electric kitchen appliances that cut ingredients in different forms and mix them. (9-4)

food shortage. A condition in which there is not enough to meet the demand. (8-2)

fossil fuels. Coal, oil, and natural gas. (6-1)foster family. Family that cares for

children who are not related to other family members. (1-3)

friend. Someone you care about, trust, and respect. (1-4)

fringe benefi ts. Rewards of a job other than income, such as paid vacation time and health insurance. (12-1)

Ggeneration. All people who are born and

live in about the same time span. (1-3)gifted. A child who has developed more

quickly than other children the same age. (2-1)

goals. What you want to achieve. (3-3)grade labeling. A rating of quality

determined by the USDA for meats, poultry, and eggs. (8-3)

grain. The direction yarns run in a fabric. (11-2)


Glossary408

grooming. Cleaning and caring for your body. (4-3)

group dating. When several people of both sexes meet for an activity. (1-4)

growth. Specifi c body changes that can be measured. (1-2)

guardian. Person chosen by a family to take responsibility for a child if the parents are no longer able to provide care. (1-3)

guidance. Everything parents do and say to affect their children’s behavior. (2-1)

guide sheet. Step-by-step directions for cutting and sewing a project included with the pattern. (11-2)

Hhabit. A repeated pattern of behavior. (4-1)hangtags. Larger tags with information

about the garment or manufacturer that are attached to garments, but removed before worn. (10-3)

heredity. The result of receiving traits from parents or ancestors. (1-1)

hidden storage. Space for storing items out of sight. (5-1)

home. Any place people live. (5-1)homogenization. A process in which

milk fat is broken into tiny pieces and spread throughout the milk. (8-3)

hot line. A telephone service that offers immediate information to people who need help. (1-6)

house. A freestanding, single-family dwelling. (5-1)

human resources. The qualities and traits people have within themselves to get what they need or want. (3-2)

Iimage. The mental picture others have of a

person. (4-3)implement. To carry out a plan of action.

(4-1)

impulse buying. Making an unplanned or spur-of-the-moment purchase. (4-5)

income. The money you earn. (4-4, 12-1)independence. The freedom to decide, act,

and care for yourself. (1-2)infant. A child under one year of age. (2-2)ingredients. Food items needed to prepare

a food product. (9-3)ingredients labeling. Food products must

list all ingredients, including allergens. (8-2)

inherited. Physical traits from your parents and grandparents. (1-1)

insulation. Material used to prevent the transfer of heat or cold. (6-2)

integrity. A commitment to do what is right. (3-5)

intellectual disability. A condition that limits a person’s ability to use his or her mind. (2-1)

intellectual growth and development. Learning. (1-1)

interest inventory. A short quiz that suggests activities in which a person is most likely to excel. (12-2)

interests. The ideas and activities you like most. (12-2)

internships. Work-based learning program after high school. (12-3)

inventory. A list of items you have on hand. (10-1)

ironing. Moving an iron back and forth over fabric. (10-5)

Jjob. A position held by a worker. (12-1)job application. Personal information

of potential employees required by companies. (13-1)

job shadowing. Following a worker on the job to observe what he or she does. (12-2)

job skills. The abilities needed for success in a certain job. (12-3)

junior colleges. Two-year colleges providing associate’s degrees. (12-3)


Glossary 409

Llabels. Small pieces of cloth sewn into the

garment with important information about the garment’s fabric content and recommended care. (10-3)

layaway plan. An arrangement in which you place a small deposit on an item so the store will hold it for you. (4-4)

leadership. The ability to inspire others to meet goals. (3-5)

learning. Gaining information or skills through engaging in play that provides hands-on materials. (2-5)

learning style. The conditions under which you learn best. (4-1)

leavening agent. An ingredient that causes foods to rise during baking. (9-5)

letter of application. A document you send with your résumé to give more information about your skills. (13-1)

lifestyle. The continuing way in which a person lives. (4-2, 12-1)

limits. Boundaries or restrictions. (2-1)line. Element of design using straight or

curved lines for effect. (5-1)liquid measuring cups. Standard measuring

tool used to measure liquid ingredients, such as milk, water, and oil. (9-4)

long-term goals. What you hope to accomplish at a later date. (3-3)

Mmanagement. Using resources to reach

goals. (4-1)management process. A series of steps

for reaching a goal. They are setting goals, planning, implementing, and evaluating. (4-1)

manicure. A method of caring for hands and fi ngernails. (4-3)

manners. Guidelines for behavior. (8-5)mass media. A means of communicating

to large groups of people. (4-5)master’s degree. Advanced degree after a

bachelor’s degree. (12-3)

material resources. The objects you own. (3-2)

meal patterns. The number of times and types of foods you eat daily. (8-1)

measure. To determine the amount of an item. (9-3)

measuring spoons. Standard measuring tools in teaspoon and tablespoon sizes. (9-4)

mediator. A person not involved in the confl ict, but helps settle the confl ict. (1-6)

mentor. A person you trust to guide you along your career path. (12-2)

menu. A list of foods to be prepared and served. (8-1)

microwave cookware. Items safe to use in microwave ovens. (9-1)

microwaves. High-frequency energy waves often used to cook food. (9-1)

minerals. Nutrient needed by your body to regulate body processes. (7-1)

moist-heat cooking. Methods for cooking foods in which water or other liquids are added. (9-5)

money management. The process of planning and controlling the use of money. (4-4)

multitasking. Doing more than one task at a time. (9-6)

MyPlate. The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) new food guidance system. (7-2)

Nnap. A layer of fi ber ends above the fabric

surface. (11-2)natural cheese. Cheese made from milk.

(8-3)natural resources. Substances that are

supplied by nature and needed for survival. (6-1)

needs. The basic items you must have to live. (3-1)

negative peer pressure. When peers infl uence you to do something that is not right for you. (1-4)


Glossary410

netiquette. Proper etiquette on the Internet. (6-3)

networking. Making contacts with people who may be able to help you fi nd jobs. (13-1)

newborn. A term used to describe a baby from birth to one month of age. (2-2)

nonhuman resource. Objects and conditions available to people to help them meet needs and fulfi ll wants. (3-2)

nonverbal communication. The sending and receiving of messages without the use of words. (1-5)

no stage. Toddler stage when they answer no to almost everything. (2-3)

notions. Items other than fabric that become part of a garment or project. (11-2)

nuclear family. A married man and woman and their biological children. (1-3)

nutrient-dense. Foods that provide vitamins, minerals, and other substances that have positive health effects, with relatively few calories. (7-2)

nutrient-poor. Foods that have few nutrients, but are high in calories. (7-1)

nutrients. Chemicals and other substances from foods needed for the body to function. (7-1)

nutrition. The study of how your body uses food. (7-1)

nutrition label. A panel on a food product package with information about the nutrients the food contains. (8-2)

nylon. Manufactured fi ber that is strong and holds its shape well. (10-4)

Ooccupations. Jobs. (12-2)off-grain. Fabrics with the lengthwise and

crosswise yarns not at right angles to each other. (11-2)

on-grain. Fabrics with the lengthwise and crosswise yarns at right angles to each other. (11-2)

ounce equivalent. Measurement of grain food products. (7-2)

overlock stitches. Stitching to prevent seams from raveling. (11-1)

overstock. Items produced, but not ordered by retail stores. (10-2)

PPalmar (grasping) refl ex. When babies

grasp any object placed in their hands. (2-2)

parallel play. Type of play in which toddlers play near, but not with, one another. (2-3)

pasteurization. A process in which a liquid such as milk is heated to destroy harmful bacteria. (8-3)

pattern. Paper pieces to follow when cutting out fabric for making a garment or project. (11-2)

pedicure. A method of caring for feet and toenails. (4-3)

peer pressure. The infl uence people’s peers have on them. (1-4)

peers. People who belong to the same age group. (1-4)

perishable foods. Foods that will spoil if not kept cold. (9-2)

personality. The group of traits that makes each person a unique individual. (1-1)

personal resources. See human resources. (3-2)

personal responsibility. Accepting the consequences of your decisions. (3-4)

physical disability. A condition that limits a person’s ability to use part of his or her body. (2-1)

physical growth and development. Body changes. (1-1)

physical needs. Food, clothing, and shelter. (3-1)

physical traits. The distinguishing characteristics of your body. (1-1)

pilling. Small, fuzzy balls that form on the outside of fabric. (10-4)

plate service. A style of meal service where plates are fi lled in the kitchen. Then they are carried to the table and served to each person. (8-4)


Glossary 411

pollution. The action or process of making natural resources unsafe or unusable. (6-1)

polyester. Manufactured fi ber that is strong and resists wrinkles. (10-4)

pores. Tiny openings in the skin. (4-3)positive peer pressure. When peers

infl uence you to do something that is good for you. (1-4)

posture. The way you hold your body when standing, walking, or sitting. (4-2)

precycling. Buying products that reduce waste. (6-1)

preschooler. A child between the ages of three and fi ve years. (2-4)

pressing. Lifting and lowering an iron onto an area of fabric. (10-5)

prewash products. Chemicals used to remove oily stains and dirt from clothes before they are washed. (10-5)

priorities. Goals that are more important to you. (3-3)

prioritize. To list or rate in order of importance. (3-3)

private resources. Resources owned and controlled by a person or a family. (3-2)

private space. An area that is yours alone. (5-1)

process cheese. Cheese made by melting and blending natural cheeses. (8-3)

procrastinate. To put off diffi cult or unpleasant tasks until later. (4-1)

produce. Fresh fruits and vegetables. (8-3)professional organizations. Associations of

members in a certain profession. (13-1)proofreader. Someone who checks

for errors in written work, such as misspelled words. (12-2)

proportion. A principle of design showing the relation of objects’ sizes. (5-1)

proteins. Nutrients found in meat and meat substitutes needed by your body for growth and repair of tissue. (7-1)

public resources. See community resources. (3-2)

purging. Ridding the body of unwanted food by self-induced vomiting or taking too many laxatives. (7-3)

Qquality. How well a product is made.

(4-4)

Rramie. Natural fi ber used to make ramie

fabric. (10-4)raveling. When threads pull out of the cut

edges of a fabric. (11-1)rayon. Manufactured fi ber that looks like

cotton. (10-4)recipe. A set of directions used to prepare

a food product. (9-3)recycling. Turning a used product into a

product that can be reused. (6-1, 11-4)redesign. To change the appearance or

function of a garment. (11-4)reference. A name of a person who can be

contacted about you and your work habits. (13-1)

refl ex. A natural, unlearned behavior. (2-2)relationship. A pattern of interaction with

one or more persons over time. (1-3)reputation. What others think of a person.

(1-4)resources. Assets that can be used to meet

needs and fulfi ll wants. (3-1)respect. A high or special regard for

someone. (1-3)responsibility. A task you are expected or

trusted to do. (1-2)résumé. A written description of a

person’s education, qualifi cations, and work experience. (13-1)

rhythm. A principle of design showing patterns of space. (5-1)

ripe. Fully grown and developed. (8-3)role. A person’s place in a group. (1-3)rooting refl ex. When you touch babies

around their mouths, their heads turn, and their mouths search for food. (2-2)

rotation work plan. Task plan for a day or a week, then rotated through group members. (9-7)


Glossary412

Ssanitation. The process of making

conditions clean and healthy. (9-2)saturated fat. A fat that is solid at room

temperature. (7-1)scale fl oor plan. A drawing that shows the

size and shape of a room. (5-1)scarce. A resource that is limited in supply.

(3-2)schedule. A written plan for reaching goals

within a certain period of time. (4-1)scum. Film that forms on the surface of

heated milk. (9-5)seam. A row of permanent stitches used to

hold two pieces of fabric together. (11-3)self-concept. The way a person sees

himself or herself. (1-1)self-confi dence. The feeling of being sure

of yourself and your abilities. (1-1)self-esteem. The way a person feels about

his or her self-concept. (1-1)selvage. The fi nished lengthwise edges on

a piece of fabric. (11-2)separation anxiety. A child’s fear that if

parents leave, they will not return. (2-2)serger. A type of high-speed sewing

machine that sews, trims, and fi nishes seams at the same time. (11-1)

service learning. A strategy where students use their academic skills to provide services for their community. (3-5)

serving size. The amount a person would normally eat; found on the nutrition label. (8-2)

servings per container. The number of portions that are in the food package listed on the nutrition label. (8-2)

sew-through buttons. Buttons that need shanks added with thread. (11-3)

shank. A short stem that holds a button away from fabric. (11-3)

shape. Element of design using geometric shapes for effect. (5-1)

share. To experience or enjoy with others. (1-4)

shared space. Areas shared with other family members. (5-1)

shelter. A place that offers housing and food to people who have nowhere else to go. (1-6)

shortage. When a demand for something is greater than the supply. (6-1)

short-term goals. What you plan to get done soon. (3-3)

siblings. Brothers and sisters. (1-3)silk. Natural fi ber from the cocoons of silk

worms used to make silk fabric. (10-4)single-parent family. One adult who is

raising one or more children. (1-3)smart phones. Phone that access the

Internet and have other uses. (6-3)social entrepreneurs. Individuals who

identify the problems of societies and develop plans to change the world in positive ways. (3-5)

social growth and development. Forming friendships and getting along well with others. (1-1)

socialization. Teaching the ways and customs of a culture to others. (1-3)

SoFAS. Foods high in solid fats and/or added sugars. (7-2)

software. A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do. (6-3)

solar energy. Energy from the sun’s rays. (6-2)

solution. An answer to a problem. (1-6)sort. To group clothes according to the

way you will wash them. (10-5)spacing. Element of design using space

between objects for effect. (5-1)spandex. Manufactured fi ber that stretches

like rubber. (10-4)specialty food stores. Store offering one

type of food. (8-2)standard measuring tools. Specially

marked cups and spoons used to measure ingredients. (9-4)

standards. A means of measuring how well you achieve your goals. (3-3)

standards of dress. The clothes that are acceptable in your country and community. (10-1)


Glossary 413

stepfamily. The husband, the wife, or both have children from other marriages. Also called blended family. (1-3)

stress. Emotional, mental, or physical tension felt when faced with change. (4-2)

style. A distinctive form of dress or the design of a garment. (10-1)

sucking refl ex. When newborns fi nd objects with their mouths. (2-2)

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The sudden, unexpected death of a baby who seems healthy. (2-2)

supermarkets. Chain stores offering a large selection of products. (8-2)

support group. A group of people with a similar challenge who provide support and help each other cope. (1-6)

sustainability. Using a natural resource so that it is not depleted or permanently damaged. (6-1)

systems software. Everything that makes your computer run and keeps it working. (6-3)

Ttableware. Dishes, fl atware, and

glassware. (8-4)teamwork. Work done by a group in a

cooperative manner. (3-5, 13-2)teamwork skills. Working well with other

members of a team. (13-2)technical schools. Schools providing

job training at both high school and college levels. (12-3)

technology. Use of new knowledge, tools, and systems to solve problems and make life easier. (6-3)

thinking skills. The ability to think creatively and critically, make decisions, and solve problems. (13-2)

tie-dyeing. Parts of the item’s fabric are tied to prevent the dye from reaching the fabric evenly. (11-4)

time management. The skill of organizing your time so you can accomplish tasks. (4-1)

time-out. A guidance technique in which a child is moved away from others to a place where he or she must sit quietly. (2-5)

time schedule. A written plan for a person that lists when tasks should be started and completed. (9-6)

toddler. A child between the ages of one and three years. (2-3)

top priorities. The most important goals. (3-3)toxic. Poisonous. (5-2)toxins. Poisonous substances. (9-2)trade-off. The giving up of one thing for

another. (3-4)trade schools. Schools that provide

training for specifi c jobs at the college level. (12-3)

traditions. Customs passed from one generation to another. (7-1)

traffi c pattern. A path people follow as they move within a room. (5-1)

traits. Distinguishing characteristics of a person. (1-1)

trans fat. A type of fat found in vegetable shortening, some margarine, baked goods, and many processed foods. (7-1)

trend. A general pattern of events. (12-2)trust. To believe a person is honest and

reliable. (1-4)trustworthy. A quality of being a friend. (1-4)

Uunit pricing. Cost for each unit of measure

or weight. (4-4)unity. A state of being in agreement, not

being divided. (1-6); A principle of design. (5-1)

universal design. The concept of designing homes and environments to be fl exible and functional for all residents, including those with disabilities. (5-1)


Glossary414

universal product code (UPC). A group of bars and numbers found on packages. This code provides pricing and other product information to a computer scanner. (8-2)

use and care manual. A booklet of instructions for a tool. (9-1, 11-1)

utensil. Nonelectric, handheld kitchen tool used when preparing food. (9-1)

Vvalue. Buying the highest quality of

clothing for the lowest prices. (10-2)values. Strong beliefs or ideas about what

is important. (3-3)verbal communication. The use of words

to give or receive information. (1-5)virtual fi t. Method of using a person’s

body measurements to show that body image with clothing on the computer. (10-2)

vitamins. Nutrient needed by your body for growth and repair of tissue. (7-1)

Wwants. The extra items you would like

to have, but are not necessary to live. (3-1)

wardrobe. All the clothes and accessories you have to wear. (10-1)

warp. Vertical set of yarn when weaving. (10-4)

warranty. A written guarantee on a product from the manufacturer. (4-4)

water. Carries nutrients needed to your body cells and removes waste. (7-1)

webcams. Small video cameras showing live images through the Internet. (6-3)

wellness. State of physical, emotional, and mental well-being. (4-2)

whole grains. Grains in food that retain their natural fi ber. (7-2)

wool. Natural fi ber from sheep’s fl eece used to make woolen fabrics. (10-4)

work. What a person does to earn money. (12-1)

work-based learning. Programs in which students learn about a job through direct work experience and attend related classes. (12-3)

work center. An area of a kitchen that has been designed around a specifi c activity or activities. (9-6)

work ethic. The values of hard work and dedication held by employees. (13-2)

work plan. A list of tasks to be done, who is to perform them, and the tools and ingredients needed. (9-7)

Yyarn. A continuous strand of fi bers. (10-4)


textbook glossary - exploring life and career 2012 · 2016. 12. 22. · advantages. positive...

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