texas pretrial practice - james publishing

(Rev. 10, 4/13)

Contact us at (800) 440-4780 or www.jamespublishing.com

TEXASPRETRIALPRACTICE

Volume 1

Hon. Scott Brister (Ret.)Dan S. Boyd, Esq.

James Publishing

(Rev. 1, 12/00)

TEXAS PRETRIAL PRACTICE

Copyright © 2013James Publishing, Inc.ISBN: 1-58012-062-8

All rights reserved.

This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It issold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional service. Iflegal advice or other expert assistance is required, seek the services of a competent professional.

Rev. 1, 12/01Rev. 2, 11/02Rev. 3, 11/03Rev. 4, 12/04Rev. 5, 12/05Rev. 6, 12/06Rev. 7, 12/07Rev. 8, 3/09Rev. 9, 2/11Rev. 10, 4/13

ABOUT THE AUTHORSJustice Scott Brister (Ret.) is an honors graduate of both Duke University and the HarvardLaw School. After graduation, he served as briefing attorney for Chief Justice Joe Greenhill of the TexasSupreme Court, and then as an associate with the law firm of Andrews Kurth, LLP. In 1989, he wasappointed by Gov. Bill Clements as judge of the 234th District Court in Harris County, and was re-elected to that position three times over the next eleven years. He was selected as Administrative Judgeof the Harris County Civil District Courts in 1998 and 1999. In 2000, Judge Brister was elected as anAssociate Justice of the First Court of Appeals, and eight months later was appointed by Gov. RickPerry as Chief Justice of the Fourteenth Court of Appeals.

In 2003, Justice Brister was promoted again, returning to the Texas Supreme Court as aJustice. He retired from the Texas Supreme Court in 2009 to return to private practice as the head of the appellate section atAndrews Kurth, LLP. In addition to his previous service as a briefing attorney of that Court, he has served on the SupremeCourt’s Rules Advisory Committee, as well as on task forces appointed to study sanctions and jury reforms. He is BoardCertified in Civil Trial Law and Personal Injury Law. He is married to Julie Brister, and has four daughters.

Dan S. Boyd founded the Boyd Law Firm, P.C., in 2001. Before founding his small firm ded-icated to litigation and arbitration, Mr. Boyd spent more than twenty years as a senior partner inthree large national law firms. For two of those (Baker & McKenzie and Johnson & Gibbs) heserved as national chair of the firm’s Litigation Practice Group.

Mr. Boyd is also a former Chairman of the Business Litigation Section of the Dallas BarAssociation. Mr. Boyd began his career doing trial work for Vinson & Elkins in Houston. Duringpart of that time (1981), he served as Editor of the Houston Lawyer.

Mr. Boyd was an Adjunct Professor of Law at S.M.U. Law School from 1984 to 1987, wherehe taught Trial and Appellate Procedure. He has been board certified in Civil Trial Law since 1986,

Civil Appellate Law since 1988, and has successfully tried dozens of jury trials in complex litigation. Mr. Boyd has spokenfrequently at seminars and published numerous papers and articles on civil litigation and legal ethics. His writings have beencited for authority by several appellate courts, including the Supreme Court of Texas.

Since 1988, Mr. Boyd has also served on the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of the Franklin &Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, Hyde Park, New York.

F-3 (Rev. 10, 4/13)


EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

Thomas J. Brandt, Esq.Sheinfeld, Maley & Kay

Houston, TX

William J. Chriss, Esq.Corpus Christi, TX

David Cohen, Esq.Austin, TX

Curtis L. Cukjati, Esq.Cacheaux, Cavazos, Newton, Martin & Cukjati, L.L.P.

San Antonio, TX

E. Conry Davidson, Esq.Cacheaux, Cavazos, Newton, Martin & Cukjati, L.L.P.

San Antonio, TX

Sylvia M. Demarest, Esq.Demarest, Smith, Jones, Giunta & Moore, P.L.L.C.

Dallas, TX

Robert B. Gilbreath, Esq.Jenkens & Gilchrist

Dallas, TX

Mark K. Glasser, Esq.King & Spalding, L.L.P.

Houston, TX

Kent C. Krause, Esq.Dallas, TX

Nick C. Nichols, Esq.Abraham, Watkins, Nichols & Friend

Houston, TX

EDITORIAL STAFFManaging Editor

Donna M. Cole, Esq.

Contributing EditorsWard Miller, Esq.

Neil Stadtmore, Esq.

ProductionTaylor Hudson

Amanda Winkler

F-4(Rev. 1, 12/00)


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Taking the CaseChapter 2 Presuit ActivitiesChapter 3 Statutes of Limitations

Chapters 4-5 Reserved

Chapter 6 PartiesChapter 7 Subject Matter Jurisdiction of Texas Trial CourtsChapter 8 Personal JurisdictionChapter 9 Forum Selection: Venue, Forum Non Conveniens, and RemovalChapter 10 Citation and Service of Process


Chapter 14 PleadingsChapter 15 Attacking the PleadingsChapter 16 Motion PracticeChapter 17 Temporary Restraining Orders and Temporary InjunctionsChapter 18 Interlocutory Appeals and Mandamus ProceedingsChapter 19 Pretrial Extraordinary Remedies


Chapter 24 All DiscoveryChapter 25 PrivilegesChapter 26 Requests for DisclosureChapter 27 Inspection of Documents and Other ThingsChapter 28 DepositionsChapter 29 Physical and Mental ExaminationsChapter 30 InterrogatoriesChapter 31 Requests for AdmissionChapter 32 Discovery Disputes


Chapter 36 Summary JudgmentChapter 37 Default Judgment and DismissalsChapter 38 Settlement and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

Tables

Index

F-5 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXPANDED TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 TAKING THE CASE

I. Initial Client Contact

II. Case Assessment and ValuationA. Weigh Costs and BenefitsB. Evaluate ClientC. Consider Ethical Factors (State Bar Rules)

1. State Bar Rules Govern2. Is There a Conflict of Interest?3. Corporate Affiliate Conflicts

D. Evaluate Fee Sources

III. After Assessment and ValuationA. Initial StepsB. Prepare for Case ConferenceC. Consider Fee and Cost Arrangements

1. Preliminary Considerations2. Factors in Selecting Fee Arrangement3. Time-Based (Hourly-Rate) Billing4. Contingency Fees5. Retainers6. Other Fee Arrangements7. Costs and Expenses

D. Prepare to Formalize Attorney-Client Relationship1. Preliminary Considerations2. Ethical (State Bar Rules) Guidelines and Requirements3. Draft Proposed Engagement Contract

a. In All Casesb. In Hourly-Rate Billing Arrangementsc. In Contingency-Fee Arrangementsd. In Other Arrangements

IV. Case ConferenceA. OverviewB. Information to ObtainC. Information to Convey

V. Taking Over From Prior Counsel


F-6

CHAPTER 2 PRESUIT ACTIVITIES

I. InvestigationA. Preliminary ConsiderationsB. Methods and Sources for Investigation

1. Preliminary Considerations2. Witnesses3. Documents4. Experts5. Other Sources of Information

C. Protecting the Results of Your Investigation

II. Litigation PlanningA. Pre-Filing Resolution

1. Negotiation2. Alternative Dispute Resolution

B. Plaintiff’s Considerations1. Legal Research2. Parties3. Causes of Action4. When to File5. Where to File

a. Personal Jurisdictionb. State or Federal Court?c. State Subject Matter Jurisdiction

C. Defendant’s Considerations

III. Presuit Communications, Notices, and DemandsA. Communicating With the OppositionB. Presuit Notice RequirementsC. Other Presuit RequirementsD. Insurance Coverage IssuesE. Fee Issues

CHAPTER 3 STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS

I. OverviewA. General PointsB. Sources of LawC. Notice of Claim RequirementsD. Laches

F-7 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

II. When Limitations Period Begins: AccrualA. General PointsB. Continuing Torts and ContractsC. Written Acknowledgment

III. When Limitations Period Expires: FilingA. General PointsB. Effect of Errors in PartiesC. Relation-Back Rule

1. Counterclaims and Cross-claims2. Amended Pleadings3. Added, Omitted and Substituted Parties

D. Effect of Service After Limitations Deadline

IV. Determining Applicable Limitations PeriodA. Contract Actions

1. Contractual Limitations Agreements2. Specific Contract Claims3. Real Estate Contracts

B. Torts1. Intentional Torts

a. Injury to Personsb. Injury to Property

2. Negligence3. Premises and Product Liability4. Business and Commercial Claims5. Defamation and Malicious Prosecution6. Fraud and Related Claims7. Claims Governed by Federal Limitations

C. Health Care Negligence Claims (Medical Malpractice)1. Two Years From Accrual2. Time of Accrual3. Extension by Notice of Claim4. Discovery Rule and Fraudulent Concealment5. Other Tolling Provisions

D. Other Professional Negligence Claims1. Attorneys (Legal Malpractice)2. Accountants and Auditors3. Engineers

E. Negotiable InstrumentsF. Adverse PossessionG. Family Code Actions


F-8

H. Claims by or Against Governmental EntitiesI. Derivative ClaimsJ. Other Actions

V. Fraudulent Concealment and the Discovery RuleA. Fraud and Fraudulent Concealment

1. Application and Effect2. What Constitutes Fraudulent Concealment3. Duty to Disclose

B. Discovery Rule1. Application and Effect2. Qualifying Injuries3. End of Suspension4. Application to Specific Causes of Action

VI. Tolling and Extension RulesA. General PointsB. Defendant’s Absence From StateC. Minority and Unsoundness of Mind

1. General Points2. Minority3. Unsound Mind

D. DeathE. Filing in Court Without JurisdictionF. Extension by AgreementG. Other Tolling ProvisionsH. Tolls in Federal Statutes

VII. Statutes of ReposeA. General PointsB. Architects, Engineers, and DesignersC. Builders and RepairersD. SurveyorsE. Manufacturers and Sellers of ProductsF. Others

VIII. Constitutional IssuesA. Open CourtsB. Retroactive Application of Amendments

F-9 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[CHAPTERS 4 AND 5 RESERVED]

CHAPTER 6 PARTIES

I. General Concepts

II. Capacity to Sue or Be SuedA. Preliminary ConsiderationsB. Minors and the Mentally Incompetent

1. Nature of Legal Disability2. Representatives for Persons Under Legal Disabilities3. Appointment of Guardian Ad Litem4. Discharge of Guardian Ad Litem5. Duties of Guardian Ad Litem6. Liability of Guardian Ad Litem7. Fees8. Settlement Hearing9. Distribution of Proceeds for Minors and Incapacitated Persons10. Minor’s Negligence11. Testimony by Minor or Incapacitated Person

C. Other Individuals1. Indigents2. Inmates3. Pro Se Parties

D. Corporations1. Basic Legal Provisions2. Corporation in default on Franchise Taxes3. Dissolved Corporation4. Sold or Merged Corporation5. Foreign Corporation Without Authorization

E. Partners and PartnershipsF. Limited PartnershipsG. Estates and TrustsH. Other EntitiesI. Misnamed PartiesJ. Challenging Capacity

III. Standing to SueA. General ConceptsB. Actions in Which Standing May Be an IssueC. Challenging Standing

F-10(Rev. 1, 12/00)


IV. SubstitutionA. Assumed NamesB. DeathC. Other Substitutions

V. JoinderA. Adding Parties to a Lawsuit

1. Methods of Adding Parties2. Alternatives to Joinder3. Advantages of Joining Parties4. Disadvantages of Joining Parties

B. Permissive Joinder1. Requirements for Permissive Joinder2. Proper Permissive Parties

C. Necessary and Indispensable Parties1. Basic Concepts2. Necessary Parties: TRCP 39(a)3. Parties Made Necessary by Statute4. Indispensable Parties: TRCP 39(b)

D. Impleader1. Nature and Purpose2. Responses to Impleader3. Improper Impleader Parties

E. Mass TortsF. Procedures

1. Methods of Joining Parties2. When Leave of Court Required3. Time for Joinder4. Venue

G. Objecting to Absence of PartiesH. Objecting to Joinder: Motions to Strike or Sever

1. Motion to Strike2. Motion to Sever

a. Purpose and Effectb. Groundsc. Objections to Severanced. Proceduree. Appeals

VI. InterpleaderA. Preliminary ConsiderationsB. Requirements

F-11 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

C. Pleading and Proving Interpleader1. Filing and Pleadings2. Response by Rival Claimants3. Discharge of Stakeholder4. Attorney Fees

D. Proceedings After DischargeE. Federal Interpleader Actions

VII. InterventionA. Nature and PurposesB. GroundsC. ProcedureD. Venue

1. General Rules2. When Intervening Plaintiff Lacks Proper Venue3. Hearing; Appeal

E. Challenging InterventionF. HearingG. AppealH. Post-Intervention Developments

VIII. Class ActionsA. Nature and PurposeB. Advantages and Disadvantages of Class ActionsC. Requirements for Class Actions

1. In General2. Prerequisites for All Class Actions3. Types of Class Actions Maintainable4. Predominance and Superiority [TRCP 42(b)(3)]5. Is a Class Action Superior to Other Available Methods? [TRCP 42(b)(4)]

D. Filing and Pleading Class ActionsE. Class Certification

1. Pre-Certification Proceedings2. The Certification Motion3. The Certification Hearing4. The Certification Order5. Notice to Class6. Interlocutory Appeal7. Post-Certification Developments8. Trial

F. Final Disposition1. Settlement2. Final Judgment

F-12(Rev. 1, 12/00)


G. Derivative Actions1. In General2. Pleading Requirements3. Procedure

CHAPTER 7 SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION OF TEXAS TRIAL COURTS

I. OverviewA. General Points

1. Scope of Chapter2. Related Concepts3. Raising Lack of Jurisdiction

B. Strategic Considerations

II. District Courts

III. County-Level CourtsA. Constitutional County CourtsB. Statutory County Courts

IV. Justice Courts and Municipal CourtsA. Justice CourtsB. Small Claims CourtsC. Municipal Courts

V. Probate Jurisdiction

VI. Amount in ControversyA. General PointsB. Aggregation of ClaimsC. Pleading AmendmentsD. Inclusions and ExclusionsE. Judgment

V. Substitute JudgesA. Active JudgesB. Assigned Judges

F-13 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 8 PERSONAL JURISDICTION

I. General PointsA. OverviewB. Related Concepts

II. Federal Due-Process LimitsA. General PointsB. Minimum Contacts

1. General Points2. Purposeful Availment3. General and Specific Jurisdiction

C. Fair Play and Substantial Justice1. General Points2. Burden Analysis3. Interest of Texas4. Convenience and Efficiency5. Social Policy

III. Jurisdiction Based on PresenceA. General PointsB. Individuals

1. Texas Residents2. Nonresident in Texas When Served3. Nonresident Doing Business in Texas

C. Corporations

IV. Jurisdiction Based on ConsentA. Contractual ConsentB. Waiver by Appearance

1. General Points2. What Constitutes a General Appearance3. Filing Pleadings and Motions4. Participating in Discovery5. Seeking Ruling From Court6. Other Actions Not Constituting Waiver

C. Registered Agents and Authorization to Do Business

V. Long-Arm Jurisdiction Over NonresidentsA. General PointsB. Doing Business in Texas

F-14(Rev. 1, 12/00)


C. Contracts1. General Points2. Specific Texas Contacts3. Specific Contracts and Clauses

D. Professional Services1. What Subjects Professional to Jurisdiction2. What Subjects Client to Jurisdiction

E. Torts1. General Points2. Specific Torts

F. Stream of Commerce DoctrineG. Real and Personal PropertyH. Agents, Affiliates, Alter Egos, and Parties in PrivityI. Family Law Cases

VI. In Rem and Quasi in Rem Jurisdiction

VII. Pleading and Challenging JurisdictionA. Plaintiff’s PetitionB. Defendant’s Special AppearanceC. Response to Special AppearanceD. DiscoveryE. Hearing

1. Timing and Type2. Burden of Proof3. Merits of Suit4. Forms of Evidence

F. DispositionG. AppealH. Challenging Foreign Judgments for Lack of Personal Jurisdiction

CHAPTER 9 FORUM SELECTION: VENUE, FORUM NON CONVENIENS, ANDREMOVAL

I. OverviewA. General PointsB. Significance of Venue

II. Determining VenueA. General Points

F-15 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

B. Mandatory Venue1. Land2. Government Entities3. Injunctions and Prior Litigation4. Other Mandatory Venue Statutes5. Forum Selection Clauses

C. Permissive Venue1. Individual Defendant’s Residence2. Entity Defendant’s Principal Office3. Where Events or Omissions Occurred

a. General Pointsb. Examples of Specific Claims (under pre-1995 law)

4. Plaintiff’s Residence5. Other Permissive Venue Statutes

D. Venue in Multi-Party and Multi-Claim Cases1. General Points2. Multiple Plaintiffs3. Multiple Defendants4. Multiple Claims5. Dismissed and Added Parties and Claims

E. Establishing Venue by Waiver

III. Selecting and Pleading VenueA. SelectingB. Pleading Techniques

IV. Challenging Improper VenueA. General PointsB. Who Can ChallengeC. Whether to ChallengeD. How to ChallengeE. Opposing ChallengeF. Reply to OppositionG. Hearing and EvidenceH. Disposition

1. Ruling on Merits2. Motion Granted3. Further Proceedings

I. Appeal

F-16(Rev. 1, 12/00)


V. Transfer From Proper VenueA. General PointsB. For Convenience and Interests of JusticeC. For Impartial TrialD. For Coordinated Pretrial Proceedings in Multi-District Litigation (MDL)

1. Motion for Transfer2. Subsequent Proceedings in MDL Court3. Remand for Trial

VI. Dismissal From Proper Venue (Forum non Conveniens)A. General PointsB. Personal Injury and Wrongful Death Actions

1. Standards2. Bringing Motion3. Hearing and Appeal

C. Child Custody ActionsD. Common Law Forum non ConveniensE. Contractual Forum non Conveniens

1. In General2. Defenses3. Procedure

VII. Choosing Between Federal and State CourtA. Plaintiff’s Initial Choice

1. Subject Matter Jurisdiction2. Strategic Considerations

a. General Pointsb. Territorial Jurisdiction, Venue, and Applicable Lawc. Procedure and Evidenced. Discoverye. Judges and Juries

B. Removal to Federal Court1. Strategic Considerations2. Grounds for Removal

a. Federal Questionb. Diversityc. Specific Removable and Nonremovable Actions

3. Deadline for Removala. Removal Based on Initial Pleadingb. Removal Based on Subsequent Developments

F-17 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4. Removal Proceduresa. Notice of Removalb. Who May Removec. Consent of Other Defendants

C. Remand to State Court1. Grounds for Remand

a. Initial Groundsb. Grounds for Remand Arising After Removal

2. Deadline for Remand3. Procedures for Remand

a. Motion to Remandb. Hearing and Dispositionc. Reviewd. Costs and Attorney’s Fees

CHAPTER 10 CITATION AND SERVICE OF PROCESS

I. OverviewA. General PointsB. Methods of ServiceC. Documents IncludedD. Time for Service

II. Whom to ServeA. IndividualsB. CorporationsC. Insurance CompaniesD. Estate and TrustsE. Unincorporated EntitiesF. Governmental EntitiesG. Defendants in Other Countries

III. Standard ServiceA. Personal DeliveryB. Certified or Registered Mail

IV. Substituted Service Per Rule 106(b)A. PrerequisitesB. Permissible MeansC. Procedure

F-18(Rev. 1, 12/00)


V. Substituted Service on Statutory AgentsA. General PointsB. Service on Secretary of State

1. On Nonresidents Under Long-Arm Statute2. On Corporations Under Business Corporations Act3. On Limited Partnerships Under RLPA4. On Limited Liability Companies5. Procedure

C. Service on Transportation Commission ChairD. Service on Commissioner of InsuranceE. Service on Texas Securities Commissioner

VI. Substituted Service on Business AgentsA. Service on Person in Charge of BusinessB. Service on Employee or AgentC. Service on Agent of Unauthorized Insurer

VII. Service by PublicationA. Who Can Be Served by PublicationB. PrerequisitesC. Procedure

VIII. Pleading Service FactsA. General PointsB. Service on Employees or Registered AgentsC. Service on Statutory Officials

IX. Who May Serve Process

X. The CitationA. PreparationB. Requirements

XI. Return of ServiceA. General PointsB. Successful Service

1. General Points2. Timing3. Where Service Occurred

F-19 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4. Who Was Served5. Capacity of Person Served6. How Process Was Served7. What Was Served8. Server’s Signature, Authority, and Verification

C. Unsuccessful ServiceD. Return of Service by Certified MailE. Return of Substituted Service per Rule 106(b)F. Return of Service on Statutory Agents

1. General Points2. Certificate of Service From Statutory Agent3. Return Receipt to Statutory Agent

G. Return of Service by Publication

XII. Amending Citation and Return of ServiceA. GroundsB. Procedure

XIII. Waiver of ServiceA. Written WaiverB. Waiver by General Appearance

XIV. Challenging Citation and ServiceA. General PointsB. Motion to QuashC. Motion for New Trial

1. Time Limits2. Defendant’s Burden and Evidence to Meet It3. Preserving Issue for Appeal

D. Direct AppealE. Restricted AppealF. Bill of Review

1. Procedure2. Defendant’s Burden and Evidence to Meet It3. Appeal

[CHAPTERS 11 THROUGH 13 RESERVED]

F-20(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 14 PLEADINGS

I. All PleadingsA. Basic PointsB. Judicial Admissions in PleadingC. FormatD. Statements Adopted by ReferenceE. VerificationF. ExhibitsG. Sanctions for Frivolous Pleading

1. Basic Points2. Under TRCP 133. Under CPRC Chapter 94. Under CPRC Chapter 10

II. The PetitionA. Filing to Commence SuitB. Drafting Steps and Strategies

1. Initial Steps2. Styles and Goals of Petition

C. “Building Blocks” of Petition1. Basic Points2. The Prayer

D. Pleading Causes of Action1. Basic Points2. “Fair Notice” of Claims

E. Joinder of Claims and Elections of Remedies1. Joinder of Claims

a. Permissive Joinderb. Compulsory Joinder

i. All Claimsii. Counterclaims

2. Election of RemediesF. Alleging Particular Matters

1. Discovery Control Plan Level2. Party-Related Matters3. Subject Matter Jurisdiction4. Other Matters

III. Before Answering

F-21 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IV. The AnswerA. Basic PointsB. General DenialC. Special Denials

1. Matters Defendant Must Verifya. Basic Pointsb. Specific Matters to Be Verified

2. Other Matters Specially PleadedD. Affirmative Defenses

1. Basic Points2. Particular Defenses

a. Listed Under TRCP 94b. Other Affirmative Defenses

E. Special ExceptionsF. Pleas in Abatement

V. Counterclaims and Cross-ClaimsA. Counterclaims

1. Basic Points2. Compulsory Counterclaims

a. Basic Pointsb. Same Transaction or Occurrence

3. Permissive CounterclaimsB. Cross-Claims

1. Basic Points2. Procedure

C. Response

VI. Amended and Supplemental PleadingsA. Amended Pleadings

1. Basic Points2. Effects of Amendment3. Amending to Avoid Dismissal4. Leave Not Required (at Least Seven Days Before Trial)5. Leave Required (Less Than Seven Days Before Trial)6. Challenge to Amendment

B. Supplemental Pleadings

F-22(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 15 ATTACKING THE PLEADINGS

I. Special ExceptionsA. Nature and PurposeB. Compared With Other Pretrial Pleadings

1. Demurrer2. Other Motions

C. Tactical ConsiderationsD. AdvantagesE. DisadvantagesF. Types of Pleading Defects Subject to Special ExceptionsG. Effect of Failure to Challenge Pleading Defects

1. Under TRCP 90, 912. Under Waivers Concerning Trial Objections

H. Procedure1. Part of Defensive Pleadings2. Hearing3. Ruling4. Review of Ruling

II. Plea to the JurisdictionA. Nature and PurposeB. Compared With Other PretrialC. ProcedureD. Grounds

III. Plea in AbatementA. Nature and PurposeB. Grounds

1. Action Pending in Another Courta. Proceedings in Texas Courtsb. Other Proceedings

2. Defects in the Pleadingsa. Parties

i. Lack of Capacityii. Failure to Join Parties

b. Allegations

F-23 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

C. Procedure1. The Plea2. Response3. Hearing4. Order5. Review

CHAPTER 16 MOTION PRACTICE

I. Overview

II. Motion Docketing Systems

III. Preparing, Serving, and Filing the MotionA. Formal RequirementsB. Essential Elements of Motion: Notice, Factual Basis, Law

1. Notice Requirements2. Affidavits and Exhibits3. Brief in Support of Motion

a. Practice and Proceduresb. Summary of Argumentc. Factual Orientationd. Citing Authoritye. Styles to Avoid

C. Serving the Motion1. Service Requirements2. Methods of Filing and Service3. Certificate of Service

D. Filing the Motion

IV. Opposing the Motion

V. Hearing on the MotionA. Tactical ConsiderationsB. Challenging the Judge

1. Overview2. Disqualification

a. Basis

F-24(Rev. 1, 12/00)


b. Groundsi. Previous Representationii. Financial Interest in Caseiii. Relationship to the Parties

3. Recusal4. Special Cases

a. Visiting Judgesb. Other Special Cases

5. ProcedureC. Oral Argument

VI. Court’s Decision on the Motion

VII. Emergency and Ex Parte Motions

VIII. Motions for Reconsideration

CHAPTER 17 TEMPORARY RESTRAINING ORDERS AND TEMPORARYINJUNCTIONS

I. Overview

II. Grounds and DefensesA. General PointsB. Probable Right to ReliefC. Probable InjuryD. Lack of Adequate Remedy at LawE. Preservation of Status QuoF. Other Equitable ConsiderationsG. Defenses

III. Subject MatterA. Covenants Not to Compete or Disclose

1. Covenants Not to Compete2. Covenants Not to Disclose

B. Anti-Suit InjunctionsC. Other Proper Subjects for InjunctionsD. Improper Subjects for Injunctions

F-25 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IV. Jurisdiction, Venue, and PartiesA. Jurisdiction and VenueB. Parties

1. Who May Seek Relief2. Persons Bound

V. ProcedureA. Checklists for ApplicantB. TimingC. Preparing ApplicationD. Responding to ApplicationE. Hearing

1. Notice of Hearing2. Order of Hearing

F. Preparing TRO or TI Order1. General Points2. Reasons for Issuance3. Persons Enjoined4. Acts Enjoined5. Time for Compliance6. Trial Setting

G. BondH. Issuance of WritI. Service of TRO and TI

VI. Trial Court OversightA. Extension of TROB. Reconsideration of Denied TIC. Dissolution and Modification of TRO and TI

1. Ex Parte TRO2. TI

D. Enforcement by Contempt

VII. Interlocutory AppealA. TROB. TI

1. General Points2. Procedure3. Scope of Review4. Mooting of Appeal

F-26(Rev. 1, 12/00)


VIII. Wrongful InjunctionA. GroundsB. Procedure for Action on BondC. Damages

CHAPTER 18 INTERLOCUTORY APPEALS AND MANDAMUS PROCEEDINGS

I. Interlocutory AppealsA. General PointsB. Types of Interlocutory AppealsC. Special Procedures for Interlocutory Appeals

II. Mandamus ProceedingsA. General PointsB. RequirementsC. Common Uses of MandamusD. Procedure

CHAPTER 19 PRETRIAL EXTRAORDINARY REMEDIES

I. OverviewA. Types of RemediesB. Statutory and Constitutional ConsiderationsC. Property Exempt From Extraordinary RemediesD. Trial and Appeal of Pretrial Remedies

II. AttachmentA. Nature of RemedyB. GroundsC. Issuance of WritD. Defendant’s Motion to Dissolve, Modify, or Substitute PropertyE. ReplevyF. Claims by Third Parties: Trial of Right of PropertyG. Remedies for Wrongful AttachmentH. Final Judgment

F-27 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

III. GarnishmentA. Nature of RemedyB. GroundsC. Issuance of WritD. Garnishee’s ResponseE. Controverting AnswersF. Debtor’s Motion to Dissolve, Modify, or Substitute PropertyG. ReplevyH. Claims by Third Parties: Trial of Right of PropertyI. Suit for Wrongful GarnishmentJ. Final Judgment

IV. ReceivershipA. Nature of RemedyB. GroundsC. Application for ReceivershipD. Qualifications, Powers, and Duties of a ReceiverE. Litigation By and Against Receiver

V. SequestrationA. Nature of RemedyB. GroundsC. Issuance of WritD. Defendant’s Motion to Dissolve or ModifyE. ReplevyF. Claims by Third Parties: Trial of Right of PropertyG. Suit for Wrongful SequestrationH. Final Judgment

VI. Lis PendensA. Nature of RemedyB. GroundsC. Filing Lis PendensD. Motion to Cancel or Expunge Lis PendensE. No Action for Wrongful Filing of Lis Pendens


F-28(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 24 ALL DISCOVERY

I. Purpose, Governing Law, and Filing RequirementsA. Purpose, Goals, DrawbacksB. Governing LawC. Filing Requirements

II. Right to DiscoveryA. Basic PointsB. Limits on Discovery

III. Scope of DiscoveryA. Must Be RelevantB. Matters Discoverable

1. General Points2. Experts3. Insurance and Indemnity Policies4. Settlement Agreements

C. Matters Usually Outside Scope1. Limitations on Scope2. Privileged Matter3. Work Product4. Other Matters

IV. Planning and TimingA. Planning Strategies

1. Basic Points2. Establish Goals3. What Discovery Devices to Use

B. Sequence of DiscoveryC. Timing Factors

1. For Discovering Party2. For Responding Party

V. StipulationsA. Basic PointsB. Confidential Information

VI. Supplementary and Amended Responses

F-29 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 25 PRIVILEGES

I. General ConceptsA. Overview

1. Definitions, Purposes2. Creation, Comment, and Duration3. Impact on Discovery4. Governing Law

B. ProceduresC. Waiver

1. Basic Points2. By Whom3. How

a. Elementsb. Unprivileged Disclosurec. Place Privileged Information at Issue

4. Extent of WaiverD. Compelling Disclosure

II. Lawyer-Client PrivilegeA. Summary and TacticsB. Elements of a Privileged Communication

1. A “Communication”a. Means of Communicationb. Substance of Communication

2. Purpose of Communication3. Confidentiality

a. Client; Lawyer; Their Agentsb. Expertsc. Joint Defendants; Common-Interest Clients

C. Exceptions1. Crime-Fraud Exception

a. Summary of Rulesb. Procedure for Raising “Crime-Fraud” Exception

2. Relevant to Administration of Deceased Client’s Estate3. Relevant to Lawyer-Client or Client-Client Dispute

D. Procedures and Duties1. Invoking Privilege; Preserving Confidences

a. Standingb. Counsel, Court, Others

2. Compelling Disclosure

F-30(Rev. 1, 12/00)


III. Work ProductA. General PointsB. Elements of Privilege

1. Rule Requirementsa. Material and Communicationsb. Prepared “In Anticipation of Litigation or for Trial”c. “Of an Attorney”

2. Examples: Information From a WitnessC. Procedures

1. Invoking Privilege2. Waiver3. Obtaining Non-Core Work Product

IV. Joint Defense / Common Interest / Joint Clients

V. Consulting Experts

VI. Self-IncriminationA. Summary of RulesB. Use in Civil LitigationC. ApplicationsD. Procedures

1. Asserting Privilegea. Standingb. Making the Objection

2. AdjudicationE. Consequences of Invoking Privilege

1. Court Sanctions and Insurance Rates2. Avoiding Sanctions3. Informing Jury That Holder Asserted Privilege

VII. Trade SecretsA. Summary of RuleB. What Is a Trade Secret?C. Preliminary Concerns in LitigationD. Protective Orders for Trade Secrets

1. Uses2. Requirements3. Contents

F-31 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4. Requesting Ordera. By Consentb. By Contested Motion

i. Procedureii. Adjudication

E. Sealing Court Files

VIII. Physician-Patient CommunicationsA. Summary and Purpose of RuleB. Elements of a Privileged Communication

1. Who Is Privy to Communication2. “Communication” Defined3. Contents of “Communication” vs. Other Facts4. Confidentiality5. Purposes of Consultation and Communication

C. No Privilege for “Necessary” DisclosuresD. No Privilege in Certain ActionsE. Asserting Privilege; Privilege Termination

IX. Mental Health CommunicationsA. Summary of Rule and PurposesB. Elements of a Privileged Communication

1. Privy to Communication2. Topic and Purpose of Consultation and Communication3. Exceptions: No Privilege in Certain Circumstances

C. Procedures

X. Spousal CommunicationsA. Summary of Rule and PurposeB. Elements of a Privileged CommunicationC. Procedures

XI. Communications to Members of the ClergyA. Summary of Rule and PurposeB. ElementsC. Procedures

XII. Other PrivilegesA. Settlement & MediationB. News Media Sources & Information

F-32(Rev. 1, 12/00)


C. PrivacyD. Apex ExecutivesE. AdoptionF. AIDS TestG. Medical Peer ReviewH. Polygraph Tests

CHAPTER 26 REQUESTS FOR DISCLOSURE

I. General Points

II. Making a RequestA. FormatB. Areas of InquiryC. Filing and Service

III. Response and ObjectionsA. Deadline for ResponseB. Drafting ResponseC. Specific Responses

IV. Supplementation of ResponsesA. General PointsB. Procedure

V. MotionsA. General PointsB. Motions by Requesting PartyC. Motions by Disclosing Party

VI. Trial and AppealA. Admission of Answers in to EvidenceB. Exclusion of Matters Not DisclosedC. Appeal

F-33 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 27 INSPECTION OF DOCUMENTS

I. Party Document RequestsA. General PointsB. Using Requests With Other Discovery ToolsC. Steps to Obtain Documents

1. Prepare Requestsa. Formb. Formatc. Substance

i. General Pointsii. Category Requests

2. Particular Types of Documents3. Serve and File4. Track Response

D. How To Respond and Produce1. Initial Steps2. Time to Respond3. Failure to Timely Respond4. Possession, Custody or Control5. Locate, Collect and Examine Items

a. General Pointsb. Locate Itemsc. Collect Itemsd. Examine Items

6. The Responsea. General Pointsb. Drafting Pointsc. Objections

i. General Pointsii. Specific Objections

d. Dealing With Problem Requestsi. Overbroad, Vague, or Ambiguousii. Unduly Burdensome

e. Protect Confidential Informationf. Service and Filing

7. Prepare for Production8. Supplementation and Amendment of Responses and Production

E. Inspection and CopyingF. Discovery Disputes

F-34(Rev. 1, 12/00)


II. Nonparty Document InspectionA. OverviewB. Document SubpoenasC. Deposition Subpoenas

1. General Points2. How to Subpoena3. Responding to Subpoena

III. Medical Records

IV. Public RecordsA. Overview and StrategiesB. Texas Public Records

1. General Points2. Procedure3. Referral to Attorney General

C. Federal Public Records1. Authority and Exceptions2. Procedure

V. Request or Motion for Entry Upon PropertyA. General PointsB. Procedure

CHAPTER 28 DEPOSITIONS

I. OverviewA. General PrinciplesB. Types of Depositions

II. FunctionsA. General PointsB. Using Deposition Testimony At and After TrialC. Use in Conjunction With Other Discovery Devices

III. Taking a DepositionA. Preparation

1. Procedurea. Select Deponentb. Choose Location

F-35 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

c. Schedule Depositiond. Notice a Party’s Depositione. Subpoena a Nonparty Deponentf. Select Recording Methodg. Deposition Officersh. Interpreters

2. Substantive Preparationa. General Considerationsb. Prepare Outlinec. Organize Exhibits in Advance

B. Conducting the Deposition1. Getting Started2. Review Document Requests3. Examination and Cross-Examination

a. General Considerationsb. Experts

4. Suspending or Adjourning a Depositiona. Suspendingb. Adjourning

5. Court’s Involvementa. Generallyb. Sanctions and Orders Compelling Discovery

IV. Defending a DepositionA. Response to Notice (and Subpoena)

1. Objections to Notice2. Document Production3. Witness Designation

B. Preparation1. Introduction2. Guidelines for Witness3. Guidelines for Experts

C. Conduct During the Deposition1. General Points2. Objections

V. Preparing Transcript for Use at Trial

CHAPTER 29 PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXAMINATIONS

I. General PointsA. Overview

F-36(Rev. 1, 12/00)


B. Who Is Subject to Exam1. Parties2. Non-Parties

C. Preliminary Considerations

II. Setting the LogisticsA. OverviewB. Examiner

1. General Points2. Challenging Discoverer’s Designee

C. LocationD. TimeE. Manner and ScopeF. ConditionsG. Costs

III. Requesting ExamA. GroundsB. Procedure

IV. Response and Reply

V. Preparing for and Conducting Exam

VI. Subsequent Motions and Appeal

VII. Report of Examining PhysicianA. General PointsB. Examinee’s Option to Get ReportC. Discoverer’s Reciprocal Right to Reports

CHAPTER 30 INTERROGATORIES

I. General Points

II. How to Use InterrogatoriesA. General PointsB. Types of Interrogatories

F-37 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

III. Propounding InterrogatoriesA. FormatB. Preliminary PartsC. Areas of Inquiry

1. General Points2. Facts3. Documents

D. Filing and Service

IV. Responding to InterrogatoriesA. General PointsB. Deadline for ResponseC. Service and FilingD. Drafting Responses

1. General Points2. Format3. Verification of Responses4. Option to Produce Records5. Identifying Witnesses6. Objections

a. General Pointsb. Specific Objectionsc. Dealing With Problem Requestsd. Protect Privileged Information

V. Supplemental and Amended AnswersA. General PointsB. Procedure

VI. MotionsA. General Requirements and ProceduresB. Extend Time to AnswerC. Obtain Protective OrderD. Obtain Leave for Late Amendment or SupplementationE. Missing, Evasive, or Incomplete Answers

VII. Evidence IssuesA. Answers as EvidenceB. Excluding Evidence at Trial

F-38(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 31 REQUESTS FOR ADMISSION

I. General PointsA. OverviewB. Scope of RFAs

II. How to Use RFAsA. General StrategiesB. DocumentsC. Use With Other Discovery Tools

III. Propounding RFAsA. Drafting Format and TechniquesB. Service and Filing

IV. Responding to RequestsA. General PointsB. Response DeadlineC. Drafting Points

1. Format2. Responses

a. Substantive Answersb. Objections

i. Form of Objectionii. Specific Grounds

V. MotionsA. General PointsB. Motions by Requesting Party

1. Motion Challenging Answer or Objection2. Motion to Confirm Deemed Admission3. Sanctions for Failure to Admit (Post-Trial Motion)

C. Motions by RFA Respondent1. Motion to Extend Time to Respond2. Motion for Protective Order3. Motion to Amend or Withdraw Response

a. General Pointsb. Elementsc. Procedural Strategiesd. Appeal

F-39 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VI. Use of Responses at TrialA. Admission of Answers Into EvidenceB. Effect of Admissions

CHAPTER 32 DISCOVERY DISPUTES

I. General Requirements and ProcedureA. Before a MotionB. Making a Motion

II. Motions to Compel Discovery

III. Motions for Sanctions

IV. Motions for Protection from Discovery


CHAPTER 36 SUMMARY JUDGMENT

I. OverviewA. Basic PointsB. AdvantagesC. DisadvantagesD. MSJ on the PleadingsE. Evidence Overview

II. Partial Judgments and AdjudicationsA. Partial Summary JudgmentB. Designating Undisputed Facts

III. No-Evidence MSJ [TRCP 166a(i)]A. Basic PointsB. Responding to No-Evidence MSJC. Movant’s Reply to MSJ Response

F-40(Rev. 1, 12/00)


IV. Requirements for Summary JudgmentA. No Genuine Issue of Material Fact

1. “Material Fact”2. “No Genuine Issue” (i.e., No Dispute)

B. Party Entitled to Judgment “As a Matter of Law”

V. Burdens on MSJ—and How to Meet ThemA. Ordinary MSJ [TRCP 166a(c)]

1. Movant’s Initial Burden2. Non-Movant’s ‘Response Burden’3. If Plaintiff Is Movant4. If Defendant Is Movant5. If Both Parties Are Movants

B. No-Evidence MSJ [TRCP 166a(i)]

VI. EvidenceA. Basic Points

1. “MSJ Evidence”2. Examples of Improper or Incompetent Evidence3. Evidence Filed Late4. Use of Discovery Products5. Interested and Expert Witnesses

a. Interested Witnessesb. Expert Witnesses

B. Affidavits1. Basic Points2. Strategies3. Effective Drafting4. Preparing Affidavits5. Exhibits and Authentication

C. Depositions1. Basic Points2. Using Deposition Extracts

D. Interrogatory AnswersE. Requests for Admission ResponsesF. PleadingsG. Other Methods of Establishing Facts

VII. Whether to Move for Summary JudgmentA. Basic PointsB. How to Decide

F-41 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VIII. Initiating MSJA. How and When to MoveB. Preparing MSJ Papers

1. The Motion2. Other Supporting Papers

IX. Opposing Summary JudgmentA. Initial Steps and StrategiesB. The Response

1. Basic Points2. Deadline3. Stating “Issues”

C. Objections and Special Exceptions1. Objections

a. Basic Pointsb. Objection That MSJ Is Improperc. Objection to MSJ Evidence

i. Basic Pointsii. Examples: Defects in Formiii. Examples: Defects in Substance

2. Special Exceptions on MSJD. Continuance to Gather More EvidenceE. Amending the Targeted Pleading

X. MSJ Movant’s Reply to Opposition

XI. Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment

XII. Hearing

XIII. Judgment and OrderA. Basic PointsB. Sanctions

XIV. Post-Judgment Motions

XV. Appeal

F-42(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 37 DEFAULT JUDGMENT AND DISMISSALS

I. Default JudgmentA. Basic PointsB. No-Answer Default

1. Basic Points2. Bars and Hurdles to Judgment

a. Basic Pointsb. Failure to Serve Amended Petition

3. Motion for Judgmenta. Basic Pointsb. Timingc. Motion Papers

i. Basic Pointsii. Proposed Judgment

d. Opposing the Motion4. Hearing on Damages

a. Liquidated Damagesb. Unliquidated Damagesc. Defendant’s Participation

C. Post-Answer Default1. Basic points2. The Trial

D. Default Judgment as Discovery SanctionE. Interlocutory and Final Judgments

1. Interlocutory Judgment2. Final Judgment

a. General Requirements and Proceduresb. In Default Judgment Cases

F. Relief From Default Judgment1. Motion for New Trial (MNT)

a. Basic Pointsb. Proceduresc. Legal Groundsd. Equitable Grounds: The Craddock Test

i. Basic Pointsii. Default Was Mistake—Not Intentionaliii. Meritorious Defenseiv. New Trial Would not Injure Plaintiff

e. If Defendant Was Served by Publicationf. Appellate Review

i. Appealability of Trial Court’s Orderii. Review

F-43 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2. Bill of Reviewa. Basic Pointsb. Required Showings

i. Basic Pointsii. Default Was Due to Extrinsic Actiii. Absence of Defendant’s Negligence

3. Restricted Appeal4. Collateral Attack

a. Basic Pointsb. No Extrinsic Evidence, Except. . .

II. Nonsuit (Voluntary Dismissal)A. Basic PointsB. Res Judicata Effect of NonsuitC. Other Effects of Nonsuit

1. Basic Points2. On Defendant’s Affirmative Claims3. On Sanctions

D. Whether to Take Nonsuit1. Reasons to Nonsuit2. Reasons Not to Nonsuit

E. Methods for Taking Nonsuit

III. Involuntary DismissalA. Grounds

1. Want of Prosecution (DWOP)a. Court’s Inherent Power

i. Conduct Triggering Court’s Use of Powerii. Factors Bearing on Exercise of Discretion

b. Under TRCP 165a2. Other Grounds

B. Dismissal With or Without PrejudiceC. Procedures

1. Basic Points2. For Want of Prosecution Under TRCP 165a

a. Dismissal Proceduresb. Motion to Reinstate After Dismissal

i. Basic Points and Requirementsii. Deadline for Motioniii. Required Showingiv. Court Orderv. Appellate Review

F-44(Rev. 1, 12/00)


CHAPTER 38 SETTLEMENT AND ADR

I. SettlementA. Case Evaluation

1. Why Try to Settle?2. When Should You Settle?3. Tax Consequences4. Impact on Government Benefits5. Ethical Responsibilities

B. Negotiation1. General Points2. Plaintiff’s Perspective

a. Settlement Letters or Brochuresb. Negotiations With Insurers

3. Insurer’s PerspectiveC. The Court’s Role

1. General Points2. Settlements Requiring Court Approval

D. Mechanics and Effects of Settlements1. Requirements2. Types of Settlements

a. General Typesb. Structured Settlements

3. Settlement Documents4. Multiparty Tort Actions

a. General Pointsb. Intentional Tortsc. Most Tort Actionsd. Subsequent Trial

5. Offers to Settle and their Effect on Awards of Litigation CostsE. Enforceability of Settlements

1. Settlements as Contracts2. Settlements as Judgments

II. Alternative Dispute ResolutionA. General PointsB. Court Ordered ADR

1. ADR Procedures2. Third Party Facilitators

C. Contractual ADR1. Arbitration

a. Overviewb. Drafting Arbitration Agreements

F-45 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

c. Initiating Arbitrationd. Arbitration Procedurese. Award

2. Mediationa. Overviewb. The Mediation Process

i. Overview and Rolesii. Agreement

F-46(Rev. 1, 12/00)


TEXASPRETRIALPRACTICE

Volume 2

Hon. Scott Brister (Ret.)Dan S. Boyd, Esq.

James Publishing

(Rev. 10, 4/13)

Contact us at (800) 440-4780 or www.jamespublishing.com

Copyright © 2013James Publishing, Inc.ISBN: 1-58012-062-8

All rights reserved.

This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the Subject Matter covered. It issold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional service. Iflegal advice or other expert assistance is required, seek the services of a competent professional.

Rev. 1, 12/01Rev. 2, 11/02Rev. 3, 11/03Rev. 4, 12/04Rev. 5, 12/05Rev. 6, 12/06Rev. 7, 12/07Rev. 8, 3/09Rev. 9, 2/11Rev. 10, 4/13

(Rev. 1, 12/00)


TABLE OF CONTENTSFor expanded Table of Contents, please see pages F-9 through F-48 in Volume 1

Chapter 1 Taking the CaseChapter 2 Presuit ActivitiesChapter 3 Statutes of Limitations


Chapter 6 PartiesChapter 7 Subject Matter Jurisdiction of Texas Trial CourtsChapter 8 Personal JurisdictionChapter 9 Forum Selection: Venue, Forum Non Conveniens, and RemovalChapter 10 Citation and Service of Process


Chapter 14 PleadingsChapter 15 Attacking the PleadingsChapter 16 Motion PracticeChapter 17 Temporary Restraining Orders and Temporary InjunctionsChapter 18 Interlocutory Appeals and Mandamus ProceedingsChapter 19 Pretrial Extraordinary Remedies


Chapter 24 All DiscoveryChapter 25 PrivilegesChapter 26 Requests for DisclosureChapter 27 Inspection of Documents and Other ThingsChapter 28 DepositionsChapter 29 Physical and Mental ExaminationsChapter 30 InterrogatoriesChapter 31 Requests for AdmissionChapter 32 Discovery Disputes


Chapter 36 Summary JudgmentChapter 37 Default Judgment and DismissalsChapter 38 Settlement and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

Tables

Index

F-3 (Rev. 10, 4/13)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(This page intentionally left blank.)

(Rev. 1, 12/00)


F-4