Texas Innovative Water 2010Texas Innovative Water 2010

Affordable Desalination CollaborationAffordable Desalination Collaboration

ADCADC

““What Are Efficient Methods to Reduce the Energy What Are Efficient Methods to Reduce the Energy Requirements of Brackish Ground Water Desalination” Requirements of Brackish Ground Water Desalination”

By John P. MacHargBy John P. MacHarg

ADC Managing DirectorADC Managing Director

Government

Municipal

Commercial

The Affordable Desalination CollaborationThe Affordable Desalination Collaboration© 2004© 2004

• Demonstrate affordable desalination using proven Demonstrate affordable desalination using proven advancements and designs.advancements and designs.

• Provide a platform by which cutting edge Provide a platform by which cutting edge technologies can be tested and measured for their technologies can be tested and measured for their ability to reduce the overall cost of the SWRO ability to reduce the overall cost of the SWRO treatment process treatment process

• Educate that desalination is an affordable and Educate that desalination is an affordable and viable source of fresh water.viable source of fresh water.

Objectives of the ADCObjectives of the ADC

ADC Pilot Demonstration SystemADC Pilot Demonstration System

Brackish Water Configuration and Basic Flow DiagramBrackish Water Configuration and Basic Flow Diagram

Containerized 100-130 kgpd Seawater Reverse Osmosis Pilot

A

B

CD

E

FG H

StreamStream AA BB CC DD EE FF GG HH II JJ KK LL

GPMGPM 119119 3333 8787 2020 106106 8686 6464 2222 4242 4242 2121 3434

PSIPSI 3030 2929 161161 161161 161161 77 77 77 138138 180180 164164 2525

uSuS 43034303 43034303 43034303 ndnd 43244324 264264 155155 5858 98139813 98139813 1818 1414

Typical ADC Operating Conditions

Product

Reject

Reverse Osmosis Process

ADC BWRO Processi. Ground waterii. Well pumpiii. System Feed pumpiv. Cartridge filter 5 micronv. Main high pressure pump vi. Pressure Exchanger (ERI)vii. PX/interstage booster pumpviii. 2-1 array 7x8” RO vessels

ii iii

v

vi viivii vi

viii

i

I J

K

L

RO Historical Energy Consumption RO Historical Energy Consumption and The ADCand The ADC

13.8 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.30

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

kWh/kgal

Note:Note:

1.1. All energy figures are for the RO process only. They do not include any allowance for supply, pre-filtration or distribution.All energy figures are for the RO process only. They do not include any allowance for supply, pre-filtration or distribution.

2.2. Historical figures are general averages based on a combination of manufacturers specifications, plant data and interviews with Historical figures are general averages based on a combination of manufacturers specifications, plant data and interviews with industry experts. Sources include Desalters Handbood for Pllanners 4.10.4 and 7.9 , GWI Webinar and Randy Truby.industry experts. Sources include Desalters Handbood for Pllanners 4.10.4 and 7.9 , GWI Webinar and Randy Truby.

DuPont B-9 ADC

Brackish

Seawater

kWh/m39.2

5.3

4.0

2.6

1.3

6.6

7.9

GWI Historical Full Scale Data (Total Facility)GWI Historical Full Scale Data (Total Facility)

kWh/m3

8

5

4

3

2

6

7

1

30

19

15

11

8

23

26

4

kWh/kgal

0

ADC SW

ADC BW*

* RO process power ADCIII-TWDB Peliminary

Energy Requirements for Various Water SuppliesEnergy Requirements for Various Water Suppliesand the ADC Seawater Studyand the ADC Seawater Study

kWh/m3kWh/m3

kWh/acre-ftkWh/acre-ft

1.51.5 3.13.1 4.54.5kWh/kgalkWh/kgal0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 40000 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

1. CRA and SWP figures are for West Basin Municipal Water District (WBMWD) and according to Water Sources Powering Southern California, by Robert C. Wilkinson Ph.D., January 2004.

2. Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Process power is from the ADC’s demonstration facility at the “most affordable point” and for the SWRO process only. This includes the power of the main HP pump and PX booster pump only with no allowance for intake, pre-filtration, conveyance or distribution.

3. WBMWD Total Power includes intake, pre-filtration, SWRO Process, conveyance and distribution power for their proposed 20 MGD ocean desalination facility.

1. CRA and SWP figures are for West Basin Municipal Water District (WBMWD) and according to Water Sources Powering Southern California, by Robert C. Wilkinson Ph.D., January 2004.

2. Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Process power is from the ADC’s demonstration facility at the “most affordable point” and for the SWRO process only. This includes the power of the main HP pump and PX booster pump only with no allowance for intake, pre-filtration, conveyance or distribution.

3. WBMWD Total Power includes intake, pre-filtration, SWRO Process, conveyance and distribution power for their proposed 20 MGD ocean desalination facility.

7.77.7 9.29.2 10.710.76.16.1

WBMWD Total Power (3)

WBMWD Total Power (3)Seawater Reverse Osmosis Process (ADC)Seawater Reverse Osmosis Process (ADC)

California State Water Project (SWP)California State Water Project (SWP)

Colorado River Aqueduct (CRA)Colorado River Aqueduct (CRA)

Ground Water Recharge SWPGround Water Recharge SWP

Ground Water Recharge CRAGround Water Recharge CRA

0.400.40 0.820.82 1.191.19 2.032.03 2.432.43 2.832.831.611.61

Approximately 50% of Southern California's Water Supply

12.312.33.243.24

The ADC-TWDB Brackish Water Savings (preliminary)The ADC-TWDB Brackish Water Savings (preliminary)

0

1

2

3

Interstage no ER Interstage Turbo Interstage ADCIsobaric

kWh/kgalkWh/m3

0.80

0.53

0.26

0% Savings

12% Savings16% Savings

Brisk Technological Development and InnovationBrisk Technological Development and Innovation

Large diameter membrane development to reduce capitol costsLarge diameter membrane development to reduce capitol costs• Currently there are operating demonstration and pilot installations Currently there are operating demonstration and pilot installations • All four leading membrane manufacturers developing and/or offering large diameter All four leading membrane manufacturers developing and/or offering large diameter

membranemembrane

Nano-technology membrane development to lower feed pressure and energy requirements Nano-technology membrane development to lower feed pressure and energy requirements • Numerous institutions and universities worldwide chasing nano membrane Numerous institutions and universities worldwide chasing nano membrane

developmentdevelopment• Several commercial companies pursuing commercialization of technology including Several commercial companies pursuing commercialization of technology including

NanoHNanoH22O and the Stony Brook group.O and the Stony Brook group.

Pump and energy recovery development to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumptionPump and energy recovery development to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption• Commercial companies working to improve efficiencies include Danfoss Axial Piston Commercial companies working to improve efficiencies include Danfoss Axial Piston

pumps, Calder’s rotary exchanger, Ocean Pacific Technology’s APX and KSB’s pumps, Calder’s rotary exchanger, Ocean Pacific Technology’s APX and KSB’s SaltTec system and RO pumpsSaltTec system and RO pumps

2419 E. Harbor Blvd2419 E. Harbor Blvd

Ventura, CA 93001Ventura, CA 93001

Tel: 650-283-7976Tel: 650-283-7976

John P. MacHargJohn P. MacHarg

E-mail: jmacharg@affordabledesal.comE-mail: jmacharg@affordabledesal.com

Affordable Desalination Collaboration Affordable Desalination Collaboration Contact InformationContact Information

ADCAffordable Desalination Collaboration