test report - · pdf filesintef nbl as fire resistance 2013-12-11 103011.63-b - restricted...

SINTEF NBL as

Fire Resistance 2013-12-11

103011.63-B - Restricted

Test report

Fire resistance test of a loadbearing wall according to NS-EN 1365-1:2012

SPU AL 100 and SPU FR 70 insulated light-weight wall panel

Author Espen Daaland Wormdahl

. The report is the client’s property and cannot be given to a third party without the client’s written consent.

The report shall not be reproduced except in full without the written approval of SINTEF 1 of 28

SINTEF NBL as SINTEF NBL as Address: Postboks 4767 Sluppen NO-7465 Trondheim NORWAY

Telephone:+47 73591078

[email protected] www.nbl.sintef.no Enterprise /VAT No: NO 982 930 057 MVA

Test report

Fire resistance test of a loadbearing wall according to NS-EN 1365-1:2012

SPU AL 100 and SPU FR 70 insulated light-weight wall panel

NORWEGIAN ACCREDITATION

TEST 014

KEYWORDS:

Fire resistance NS-EN 1365-1:2012 Loadbearing wall

VERSION

2

DATE

2013-12-11

AUTHOR

Espen Daaland Wormdahl

CLIENT

SPU Oy Sillanpäänkatu 20 38701 Kankaanpää, FINLAND

CLIENT’S REF.

Niklas Alexandersson

PROJECT NO.

103011.63

NUMBER OF PAGES AND APPENDICES

40 incl. 4 appendices

TEST OBJECT

Loadbearing wall

TEST OBJECT RECEIVED

2013-04-02

TEST PROGRAM

NS-EN 1365-1:2012

TEST LOCATION

SINTEF NBL as

DATE OF TEST

2013-04-09

ABSTRACT

The test was performed on a wall made of timber frame work insulated with PIR insulation and Rockwool. The wall was exposed to fire towards the wood panelling side and with Gypsum boards on unexposed side of the wall.

The dimension of the wall was 3000 x 2995 mm (width x height). The thickness was 286 mm. Seen from the exposed side, the wall consisted of 12.5 mm Gyproc GN13 gypsum board, 50 mm Rockwool Flexi A-plate insulation (measured density 32 kg/m

3), 48 x 148

mm timber studs, 100 mm SPU AL 100 PIR insulation, 70 mm SPU FR 70 PIR insulation, 36 x 48 mm furring strips and 19 x 148 mm timber panel.

The wall was loaded with 44 kN/m applied as an evenly distributed load centrically on top of the wall, totally 132 kN

The test was performed according to NS-EN 1365-1:2012 with reference to NS-EN 1363-1:1999 for documentation of fire resistance.

See the test report for a detailed description of the wall.

The test results relate only to the items tested

PROJECT NO. 103011.63

REPORT NO. 103011.63-B

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Document history

VERSION DATE DESCRIPTION OF VERSION

1 2013-06-20 Original test report

2 2013-12-11 Updated text and drawings.



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Table of contents

1 TEST RESULTS ................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1 Visual observations during the test ............................................................................................... 5

1.2 Visual observations after the test .................................................................................................. 5

1.3 Temperature in furnace hall: ......................................................................................................... 6

1.4 Instrumentation of the test specimen ........................................................................................... 6

1.5 Graphic presentation of test results .............................................................................................. 8

1.6 Photos before, during and after test ........................................................................................... 11

2 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN ................................................................................................ 17

2.1 Material properties: ..................................................................................................................... 19

2.2 Mechanical applied load .............................................................................................................. 19

2.3 Drawings ...................................................................................................................................... 20

A Appendix I - TEST CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................... 1

B Appendix II - STATEMENT ACCORDING TO NS-EN 1363-1:1999. ....................................................... 1

C Appendix III - FIELD OF DIRECT APPLICATION .................................................................................. 1

D Appendix IV - CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NS-EN 13501-2 ................................. 1



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1 TEST RESULTS

The test results are documented as:

- Visual observations during and after the test. - Measurements on the test specimen. - Video recording of the test and photos taken before, during and after the test. - Pressure and temperature inside the furnace (Appendix I).

1.1 Visual observations during the test

The following observations were made on unexposed side of the specimen, unless otherwise specified.

Time

[min:sec] Observations

00:00 Start.

03:20

12:00

17:00

The timber panel on exposed side is on fire.

Thin smoke appears between the wall and the top of the frame. No other smoke or damage is visible on the unexposed side.

The timber panel is black, and little flames are visible.

21:00 The timber panel has probably fallen off, due to more visible flames on the exposed side.

29:30 Yellow smoke develops between the upper left side of the wall and test frame on unexposed side.

34:00 Some yellow smoke development between top of the wall and test frame.

43:00 Still some smoke development between top of the wall and test frame.

53:30 The smoke development in the top decreases.

60:00 No visible damage on unexposed side. No need for cotton pad or gap gauge test.

70:00 Still no visible damage on unexposed side. Termination of the test.

After termination of the test, the restraint frame with the test specimen was removed from the furnace for cooling and inspection.

1.2 Visual observations after the test

Side Observations after test

Exposed side Some of the SPU-insulation has fallen out of the wall and is lying on the furnace floor. The insulation boards are charred, porous and stiff. There are some remnants of the Aluminum foil on both sides of the insulation boards. The insulation boards are stiff on the outer sides and more porous in the center of each board. Most of the FR 70 layer has fallen off. The timber studs are still in place, but charred by fire.

Unexposed side On the unexposed side of the wall, the gypsum boards are undamaged.



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1.3 Temperature in furnace hall:

Test start Stop Average

18°C 19°C 18°C

1.4 Instrumentation of the test specimen

The test specimen was instrumented in accordance with requirements in the test standard NS-EN 1365-1:2012.

Thermocouples on unexposed side for registration of temperature (TC20 – TC32)

Deflection measurements for horizontal deformation were placed in the center of the wall (Defl. 1) and in ½ height of the wall, 50 mm in from free edge (Defl. 2). Deflection measurements for vertical deformation were placed on the load system, measuring the compression/deformation in the wall caused by the applied load.

In addition to this, thermocouples were installed inside the wall for information purpose. These measurements inside the wall should be used in the analysis of the behavior of the PIR-insulation (TC12 – TC19).

Positions for the temperature measurements and deflection measurements are described in the enclosed sketch in figure 1 (not in scale) and table 1.

Figure 1: Principal sketch of positions for thermocouple no. 20 to 32 mounted on the gypsum boards on unexposed side of the wall. The deflection measurement is also shown in no. 33 and 34.



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Figure 2: Principal sketch of positions for thermocouple no. 12 to 19 mounted inside the wall.

Table 1: Listed position of temperature measurements inside the wall (TC12-TC19 for information

purposes), TC20-TC32 on the unexposed face, and deflection measurements (Defl. 1-4).

TC no. Position (seen from unexposed side)

12 On stud between FR 70 and AL 100, 2/3 height. 13 On stud between AL 100 and RW 50, 2/3 height.

14 On stud between gypsum board and RW 50, 2/3 height.

15 Between gypsum board and RW 50, 2/3 height centre of wall.

16 Between AL 100 and RW 50, 2/3 height, ½ width.

17 Between FR 70 and AL 100, 2/3 height, ½ width.

18 Between FR 70 and AL 100, mid-height, ½ width.

19 Between AL 100 and RW 50, mid-height center of wall.

20 In centre of lower ¼ section, left hand side on gypsum board.

21 In centre of lower ¼ section, right hand side on gypsum board.

22 In center of wall on gypsum board.

23 In centre of upper ¼ section, left hand side on gypsum board.

24 In centre of upper ¼ section, right hand side on gypsum board.

25 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple a)

26 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple b)

27 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple d)

28 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple c)

29 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple e)

30 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple c)

31 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple f)

32 NS-EN 1365-1:2012: Section 9.1.2.3: Thermocouple f)

Defl 1 (33) Horizontal deflection in the center of the wall.

Defl 2 (34) Horizontal deflection in ½ height of the wall, 50 mm in from right side edge.

Defl 3 (35) Vertical deflection (mounted to load system), left side

Defl 4 (36) Vertical deflection (mounted to load system), right side



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1.5 Graphic presentation of test results

Figure 3: Temperature measured inside wall. These measurements are for information purpose.

Figure 4: Temperature measured on the gypsum boards on unexposed side of the wall (TC20-TC24).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

°C

Minutes

Temperatures

Chan 12

Chan 13

Chan 14

Chan 15

Chan 16

Chan 17

Chan 18

Chan 19

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

°C

Minutes

Temperatures

Chan 20

Chan 21

Chan 22

Chan 23

Chan 24



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Figure 5: Temperature measured on the gypsum boards on unexposed side of the wall (TC25-

TC32).

Figure 6: Average temperature rise calculated for TC20-TC24 and maximum temperature rise

calculated for TC20-TC32. The criteria limits of ΔT 140 °C and ΔT 180 °C are also shown.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

°C

Minutes

Temperatures

Chan 25

Chan 26

Chan 27

Chan 28

Chan 29

Chan 30

Chan 31

Chan 32

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0 20 40 60 80

°C

Minutes

Maximum and average temperature rise

Average temp. rise

Maximum temp. rise

Avg. Crit.

Max. Crit.



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Figure 7: Deflection measured in centre of the wall (33) and 50 mm in from the edge in ½ height of

the wall (34). Negative values indicate deflection away from the furnace.

Figure 8: Vertical contraction.

The limiting vertical contraction C=h/100 is shown.

-2,5

-2

-1,5

-1

-0,5

0

0,5

1

1,5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

mm

Minutes

Deflection measured on wall

Chan 33

Chan 34

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

35,0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

mm

Minutes

Vertical contraction

Contraction 35

Contraction 36

Contraction limit



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Figure 9: Vertical contraction.

The limiting rate of vertical contraction dC/dt=(3h)/1000 is shown.

1.6 Photos before, during and after test

Figure 10: Inside the wall during mounting. The rear side of FR 70 is covering the wall behind the

studs.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

0 20 40 60 80

mm

/min

Minutes

Vertical contraction rate

Rate of contraction 35

Rate of contraction 36

Maximum rate ofcontraction



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Figure 11: Unexposed side during mounting.

Figure 12: The timber panel on exposed side of the test specimen before test start.



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Figure 13: The unexposed side of the test specimen before the test start.

Figure 14: The unexposed side of the test specimen 30 minutes into the test.



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Figure 15: The unexposed side of the test specimen 45 minutes into test.

Figure 16: The unexposed side of the test specimen 60 minutes into test.



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Figure 17: The unexposed side of the test specimen 70 minutes into test. The test was terminated at

that point.

Figure 18: The exposed side right after test.



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Figure 19: The exposed side after cooling down.

Figure 20: A section cut of the AL 100 and RW 50 (Rockwool) layers inside the wall.



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2 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN

Constructional details:

The test was performed on a wall made of timber framework insulated with PIR insulation and rock wool. The wall was exposed to fire towards the wood panelling side and with Gypsum boards on unexposed side of the wall.

The dimension of the wall was 3000 x 2995 mm (wxh) and the thickness was approximately 286 mm. Seen from the exposed side, the wall consisted of 19 x 148 mm timber panel, 36 x 48 mm vertical furring strips (called studding battens on drawings), 70 mm SPU FR 70 PIR insulation, 100 mm SPU AL 100 PIR insulation, 48 x 148 mm timber studs, 50 mm Rockwool Flexi A, and 12.5 mm Gyproc GN13 gypsum board.

The gypsum board had the dimension 1200 x 2400 mm (wxh) and was fastened to the timber frame work with 3,8 x 32 mm and 3,9 x 30 mm screws. The centre distance between the screws on the perimeter of the gypsum board was 200 mm and over the stud in the centre of the board the distance was 300 mm. In the gypsum board joints, a 50 mm wide paper strip and 2 layers of Nordsjö medium filler was used.

The timber framework was made of wood studs with dimension 48 x 148 mm (wxh) of quality C24 fixed together with 5x90 mm screws and with a centre distance of 600 mm between the studs. One horizontal wood stud was mounted at height 2400 mm to support the edge of the gypsum board.

50 mm Rockwool Flexi A insulation were laid in the timber framework between the timber studs towards the gypsum boards. SPU AL 100 PIR insulation boards were laid between the wood studs in the timber frame work. The SPU AL 100 boards were 520 mm wide and the height varied depending on the framework. One horizontal joint between the SPU AL 100 boards was filled with Tytan PU foam. Between SPU AL 100 board and the wood studs, the 15 mm gaps on all 4 sides of each insulation board were filled with Tytan PU-foam for the whole depth. The SPU AL 100 insulation boards were 100 mm thick and had aluminium foil/laminate on both sides of the boards. The nominal thickness of the multilayer aluminium laminate (124 g/m2) was 115±15 µm and the thickness was measured to approximately 0.1 mm.

On the exposed side of the timber framework, 70 mm thick SPU FR 70 insulation boards were fastened with Ø32 mm washers and screws 5 x 100 mm, six in each board. SPU FR 70 insulation board had a black mineral coated fibre glass laminate with graphite on one side (nominal thickness was 1,1 mm and the thickness was measured to approximately 0,8-1,0 mm) and a white mineral coated fibreglass laminate on the other side (nominal thickness was 0,6 mm and the thickness was measured to approximately 0,5 mm). The black side of the SPU FR boards were mounted towards the air gap behind the furring strips and wood panelling. Tytan PU-foam was used to seal the horizontal gap between the concrete frame and SPU FR 70 boards on the bottom edge.

Each insulation board with Rockwool Flexi A were glued to SPU AL 100 with two vertical stripes of Tytan foam and each board with SPU AL 100 were glued to SPU FR 70 with two vertical stripes of Tytan foam.

6 x 140 mm screws were used to fix furring strips 36x48 mm on the wood studs (48 x 148 mm). Vertical battens were screwed in top and bottom, and centre distance between the screws was approximately 600 mm. The dimensions of the SPU FR 70 boards and positions of the joints between the boards are shown on drawings delivered by the client. The horizontal joint between SPU FR 70 board at mid width were moved 150 mm below the horizontal joint between the SPU AL 100 boards (standard overlapping



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distance between joints at the same position in different insulation layers). The joints between SPU FR boards were filled with Tytan PU foam.

Wood panel with dimension 19x148 mm were fastened to each vertical furring strip with 2 nails with dimension 2.8 x 75 mm. At the bottom of the wood panelling there was app. 15 mm wide ventilation gap on the unexposed side.

Information on the laminates on the FR 70 boards:

Black side: Black mineral coated fiberglass laminate, thickness 1,1mm ± 15%

White side: Light mineral coated fiberglass laminate, thickness 0,6mm ± 15%

On pages 27 to 31 information sheets for PIR-insulation and Tytan foam are enclosed. Some more information regarding the mineral coating/laminates are in the archived file for this test at SINTEF NBL.

Detailed information of the design of the wall is given on the enclosed drawings delivered by the client.

OVERALL DIMENSIONS OF THE WALL:

3000 x 2995 mm (w x h)

Thickness 286 mm

THICKNESS OF SPU AL 100 INSULATION: 100 mm

THICKNESS OF SPU FR 70 INSULATION: 70 mm

THICKNESS OF Rockwool Flexi A: 50 mm

Authentication:

SINTEF NBL controlled the drawings supplied by the client, and found these to be in accordance with the test specimen.

Manufacturer (-s) and place of production: 1. SPECIMEN: PLACE OF PRODUCTION:

Loadbearing wall construction SINTEF NBL as

2. COMPONENTS/FITTINGS: MANUFACTURER / SUPPLIER

SPU AL 100 and SPU FR 70 SPU Oy, Finland

Gypsum board, Gyproc GN13 Gyproc AS (Saint Gobain), Norway

Tytan PU Gun foam Selena FM S.A., Poland

Rockwool Flexi A Rockwool A/S, Denmark

Mounting of the wall:

Technicians from SINTEF NBL as built a 3000 mm x 2995 mm (wxh) wall in the concrete loading frame. The wall was mounted in line with the exposed side of the loadbearing restraint concrete test frame. In bottom of the frame, the sill of the wall was fastened with 2 stripes of sealing compound on top of a bitumen underlay towards the concrete frame. Between the side edges of the loadbearing restraint concrete frame and test specimen one layer of 30 mm thick hard Rockwool was placed to close the gap and to create a free edge. The wall was exposed from gypsum board side.

Conditioning:

The wall was built up in the concrete loading frame in the laboratory test hall in the period from arrival of materials 2013-04-02 and until the date of testing 2013-04-09. Measurements of the moisture content in the wood studs, furring strips and wood panel were found to be between 11.2 % and 12.7 %. The Tytan PU-foam was mounted in the wall two days before the test.

Selection of the test specimen:

SINTEF NBL was not involved in the selection of the materials for the fire test. The design of the wall was decided by the client.



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2.1 Material properties:

Some material properties for the insulation used in the specimens are presented in the following table. The measurements of density for PIR insulation are performed on relatively small samples taken from material provided by the client.

Table 2 Density for PIR and Rockwool insulation.

Material

Nominal

thickness

(mm)

Nominal

density

(kg/m3)

Measured density

(kg/m3)

Measured density

(kg/m3)

SPU FR 70 70 32-401) 36.41) 52.62)

SPU AL 100 100 32-401) 33.11) 35.02)

Rockwool Flexi A 50 30 32 -

1. Measured density for only the PIR-insulation 2. Measured density for PIR-insulation including foil and laminates

2.2 Mechanical applied load

The wall was loaded with 44 kN/m applied as an evenly distributed load centrically on top of the wall, totally 132 kN. The wall was loaded with a horizontal loading beam on the top of the wall. The load was applied 15 minutes before the fire test started and was maintained throughout the test. Loading value was given by the client. This load corresponds to a pressure level of 62.7 bar on the load-system, which was manually controlled and supervised during the course of the test.



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2.3 Drawings

Drawings and product data sheet received from the client are enclosed on the following pages (not in scale).

Drawing 1.



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Drawing 2.



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Drawing 3.



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Drawing 4.



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Drawing 5.



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Drawing 6.



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Drawing 7.



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Product data sheet of PIR Insulation.



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Tytan PU Gun foam:



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A Appendix I - TEST CONDITIONS

Test method

The test was carried out in accordance with NS-EN 1365-1:2012, Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls. See remarks/deviations on page 3.

Carrying out the test

The test was carried out in the laboratory's gas-heated vertical furnace as described below.

The wall was installed into a restraint frame made of steel and concrete. The fire exposed area in the test frame was 3030 x 2995 mm (bxh). The restraint frame with the specimen was positioned in front of the furnace opening, and the specimen was tested vertically.

The furnace was heated in accordance with the standard time/temperature-curve given in NS-EN 1363-1:1999.

The following persons witnessed the test

Representative: Organisation:

Niklas Alexandersson

Torstein Svennevig

SPU

SPU



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Test furnace

The furnace has inner dimensions 3060 x 3060 x 1200mm (w x h x d). See Figure A.1.

Pressure and temperature in the furnace was registered during the test and are graphically presented in this Appendix. Results and deviations are given according to NS-EN 1363-1:1999.

The furnace temperature was measured by 9 plate thermocouples positioned 100 mm from the exposed side of the specimen. The furnace thermocouples were of type "plate" as described in 4.5.1.1 in NS-EN 1363-1 and the measurement of the furnace temperature was done according to 5.1 in NS-EN 1363-1. The positions of the thermocouples in the furnace are shown in figure A1.

The pressure in the furnace was measured by means of a pressure sensor of Type 1 ("T"-shaped sensor) as described in 5.2 in NS-EN 1363-1. The pressure sensor was located 2500 mm above the test furnace floor. With a pressure gradient of 8,5 Pa/m, the pressure in this level was calculated to be 16 Pa. The furnace should be controlled after this value to establish a pressure of zero, at a height of 500 mm above the notional floor level of the specimen.

Figure A.1 Location of thermocouples and pressure sensor inside the test furnace, 100 mm from the exposed side of the test specimen.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 98

630 900

1000

1000

560

500

900 630

100mm from specimen

PRESSURE

FRONT VIEW

100TC-rods

1200

TE

ST

WA

LL

SIDE VIEW

FRAME

280

360

650

370

620

360

420

FLUE DUCTFLUE DUCT



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Presentation of pressure and temperature in furnace

Figure A.2 Furnace temperatures. Deviation limits after 10 minutes.

Figure A.3 Average temperature inside the furnace, and the standard time/temperature curve.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

°C

Minutes

Furnace temperatures

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

°C

Minutes

Average furnace temperature

Average furnace

EN 1363-1



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Figure A.4 Percentage deviation between average furnace temperature and standard

time/temperature curve.

Figure A.5 Pressure in the furnace, measured at 2.5 m above furnace floor, and deviation limits.

Intended furnace pressure: 16 Pa.

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

%

Minutes

Furnace temperature deviation

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Pa

Minutes

Furnace pressure



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B Appendix II - STATEMENT ACCORDING TO NS-EN 1363-1:1999.

This report details the method of construction, the test conditions and the results obtained when

the specific element of construction described herein was tested following the procedure outlined in

EN 1363-1, and where appropriate EN 1363-2. Any significant deviation with respect to size,

constructional details, loads, stresses, edge or end conditions other than those allowed under the

field of direct application in the relevant test method is not covered by this report.

Because of the nature of fire resistance testing and the consequent difficulty in quantifying the

uncertainty of measurement of fire resistance, it is not possible to provide a stated degree of

accuracy of the result.



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C Appendix III - FIELD OF DIRECT APPLICATION

Field of direct application of test results is described in NS-EN 1363-1:1999, Annex A:



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Field of direct application of test results as described in NS-EN 1365-1:2012



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D Appendix IV - CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NS-EN 13501-2

Text is shown as described in NS-EN 13501-2:

Loadbearing capacity:

Loadbearing capacity is the ability of the element of construction to withstand fire exposure under specified mechanical actions, on one or more faces, for a period of time, without any loss of structural stability. The criteria which provide for assessment of imminent collapse will vary as a function of the type of loadbearing element. For flexurally loaded elements e.g. floors, roofs, there shall be a rate of deformation (deflection) and a limit state for the actual deformation (deflection).

Integrity:

The assessment of integrity shall be made on the basis of the following three aspects:

a) cracks or openings in excess of given dimensions; b) ignition of a cotton pad; c) sustained flaming on the non-exposed side.

Insulation:

The performance level, used to define insulation, shall be the average temperature rise on the unexposed face, limited to 140°C above the initial average temperature, with the maximum temperature at any point limited to 180°C above the initial average temperature.

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