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for the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance

October 26, 2018

Terrance J. BogyoIndependent Researcher | Speaker | Consultant

Note The slides in this handout have been adapted to reveal most but

not all elements that are animated in the presentation.

Some slides in this handout provide background or additional information beyond those included in the live presentation.

Due to time constraints at the time of presentation, some slides may be omitted.

Check against delivery.

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Introduction: Who is this presenter?Terrance (Terry) J. Bogyo

I n d e p e n de n t Re s e a rc h er | S p e a ke r | Con s u l t a n t

1665 58 A Street

Delta, BC V4L 1X5

e-mail: Terry.Bogyo@gmail.com

Blog: www.WorkersCompPerspectives.blogspot.com

Phone: (604) 943-3545

Skype: terry.bogyo

Work Injury carries a BIG human cost Fatalities in

developed countries are nearly 1 per 1000 employees.

OSHA-EU,

An international

comparison of the

cost of work-related

accidents and

illnesses, 08/09/2017

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Measurement Matters Construction, Science, Engineering depend on measurement

Measurement requires

Definition of what you want to measure

Length, weight, age, speed, cost

Taste, beauty, pain

A reference for comparison

Standard, comparator, last year’s results, rank

Beyond a reasonable doubt, balance of probabilities

Context and Choice

Purpose, reason, method, precision

How do we measure up? Let’s look at the Construction Sector and indicators of

Human costs (injury rate, “serious” injuries, injuries to workers, fatalities)

Financial costs (disability, medical, survivor benefits)

Trends over time and comparisons with other

Compare WorkSafeBC cwith other workers’ compensation and OH&S jurisdiction

Mandate

Coverage

Costs

Compensation and other Benefits

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Are Work-related Construction Sector injuries disproportionately high?

The human and financial costs of work-related injury, illness and disease are high

Are they disproportionately high for the Construction Sector?

Some perspective from within BC on how Construction measures up:

Employment

Costs of other sectors

Human Cost: Injury Claims BC Covered workers in BC: 2.33 million

In 2017, 106,808 claims were paid for the first time.

Of these:

Health care–only claims : 52,422

Short-term disability (STD) claims: 48,771

Long-term disability (LTD) claims: 5,461

Work-related death claims: 154

BC Construction Sector

225,500 10%

17,150 16%

9,422 18%6,672 14% 1,010 18%

46 30%

[Source: Extracted from WorkSafeBC, Statistics 2017

BCCA, BC Construction Statistics 2017]

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Financial Cost: Injury Claims BCIncurred Claim Cost 2017

Short-term Disability (incl. Healthcare and VR) $447,039,069

Long-term Disability (incl. Healthcare and VR) 616,664,347

Survivor benefits (incl. Healthcare and VR) 35,630,953

Healthcare Only costs 55,366,907

Total (less Sec. 39 and Other costs) $894,734,109

[Source: Extracted from WorkSafeBC, Statistics 2017, Table 3-3]

BC Construction Sector $ 66,252,232 15%

96,207,127 16%5,173,269 15%

9,548,509 17%

$ 134,295,022 15%

Work Injury carries a BIG financial cost Financial

Losses represent 3 to 5% of GDP.

OSHA-EU,

An international

comparison of the

cost of work-related

accidents and

illnesses, 08/09/2017

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6

Construction Injury Age Profile

2017 2008 Age

19 and under 615

20–24 1,940

25–29 1,575

30–34 1,195

35–39 1,195

40–44 1,165

45–49 1,100

50–54 705

55–59 490

60–64 285

Over 120

TOTAL 10,397

AVG. 36

Age

19 and under 30020–24 1,01525–29 1,10030–34 1,06535–39 83040–44 72045–49 70550–54 77055–59 630

60–64 390Over 200Total 7,728Avg. 39

In the last 10 years:

• Injuries to workers

Under 25 have dropped

by 52%

• Injuries to workers

55 and older have

increased

by 34%Source: WorkSafeBC,

Statistics 2008 and 2017

2008: Older worker injuries were 50% those of younger workers

2017: Older worker injuries are 20% greater those of younger workers

Decline of ~25%

Chart Source: Developed from CANSIM data from Labour Force Survey (LFS) Table 282-0001 Data downloaded August 23, 2016

050

100150200250300350400450500

Mar

-76

May

-77

Jul-

78

Sep

-79

No

v-8

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Jan

-82

Mar

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v-8

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Jan

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Mar

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Full and Part-time employment Persons Aged 65 and OlderCanada March 1976 to July 2016

Full time65 +

2001-2015

Population age

65+ has grown

47.7%

Employment

growth

(Jul 2016/Jul 2001):

FT 65+ 345%

PT 65+ 356%

FT 70+ 280%

PT 70+ 321%

Population data source: Statistics Canada. Table 051-0001 - Estimates of population, by age group and sex for July 1, Canada, provinces and territories, annual)

(accessed: September 02, 2016)

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350S

ep-7

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Jul-

80

May

-84

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-99

Jul-

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Em

plo

ymen

t x1

00

0BC Monthly Employment LFS M/F 15-24 and 55+

Jun 1976 to Jan 2018 (not seasonally adjusted)

British Columbia Employment (x1,000) (4) Males 15 to 24 yearsEstimate Unadjusted

British Columbia Employment (x1,000) (4) Males 55 years and overEstimate Unadjusted

British Columbia Employment (x1,000) (4) Females 15 to 24 yearsEstimate Unadjusted

British Columbia Employment (x1,000) (4) Females 55 years andover Estimate Unadjusted

4 Number of persons who, during the reference week,

worked for pay or profit, or performed unpaid family work or had a job

but were not at work due to own illness or disability, personal or family

responsibilities, labour dispute, vacation, or other reason. Those persons on layoff and persons without work but who had a job to start

at a definite date in the future are not considered employed. Estimates

in thousands, rounded to the nearest hundred.

Source:

Statistics Canada. Table 282-0087 - Labour Force Survey estimates (LFS), by sex and age group,

seasonally adjusted and unadjusted, monthly (persons unless otherwise noted)

(accessed: February 16, 2018)

You are seeing many older workers

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

199

8

199

9

200

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200

1

200

2

200

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4

200

5

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

BC Employment Rate for Age Category 65-69 1998-2017

Males 65 to 69 years Females 65 to 69 years

Statistics Canada: Labour force characteristics

by sex and detailed age group, annual 1

Annual

Table: 14-10-0018-01 (formerly CANSIM 282-

0002)

Employment rate age

65 to 70 2000 to 2017

has tripled… and rising

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Comparing Performance Provides reference points for assessing own performance

Identifies possibilities for improvement

Offers possible alternatives for change

BUT…

Performance Comparison is not easy

No one dimension of comparison tells the how story

What you compare and Who you compare with really matters.

My starting point: If you think you want to compare

DON’T!

Not unless you are willing to put a lot of work into comparison

And you don’t mind looking backward All comparative data is historical

There is often a long delay before data are available to make comparisons

Comparison is hard Hard to do (getting the context right, making measures

comparable…)

Hard in what it might mean…

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Before we talk about workers’ comp systems…

Let’s talk about fruit…

How would you compare these two pieces of fruit?

What about these two?

By Evan-Amos - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.ph

p?curid=36735411BC Tree Fruits,

http://www.bctree.com/frui

ts/apples/

Some things to compare

Mushy

Cheap

Rare

Sour

Low

Less

Local

Crisp

Expensive

Plentiful

Sugary

High

More

Distant

Texture

Price

Availability

Sweetness

Nutritional Value

“natural” (Organic, GMO)

Where produced / Fair trade

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Comparing “apples”?

Comparisons can be objective BUT are not the full story

Not all comparisons are numeric

Not always clear if “higher” or “lower” is “better” or “worse”

Comparisons without context are problematic

Some terms are the same but mean something different

Social, political, economic, geographic and other factors are important

No one measure tells the whole story

Varieties of Apples… and Jurisdictions Not all apples are the same

With very, very few exceptions, no two jurisdictions are anywhere near close to being identical

No two jurisdictions will have the same insurance and workers’ compensation environment

Even very similar apples can be very different Look at as many factors as you can

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Who should we compare with? Workers’ compensation coverage exists in more than 130

countries

Predominant models:

National Systems (most of the world)

Private Insurance – Employer Liability

Social Insurance

State/Provincial Models

Canada

US States

Australia

…(and then there is New Zealand)

Other “WorkSafe” organizations…

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Other “Workers’ Compensation” Jurisdictions… 138 countries have some form

of compensation for work injury and disease

Most systems are national

Most are part of broader social security structure

Most involve Individual employer liability

Private insurance

Comparison with all of these makes little sense

Better to select jurisdictions that are

Closer to home

Similar in structure

With similar economic and societal contexts

US WC Models State Funds types and examples

Exclusive (4) (with or without Self-insurance)

Washington State, Ohio,

ND, Wyoming

Competitive

SAIF Oregon

Pinnacol Assurance Colorado

Insurer of Last Resort

California State Fund

Private or Mutual Insurers (predominant model) Liberty Mutual AIG Zenith Hanover The Hartford…

Self-Insured with Self-Administration

Self-insured with Third Party Administration

Non-mandatory Texas (and Oklahoma)

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Australian/NZ Models Exclusive, with state

administration Queensland, ComCare

Exclusive, Integrated OH&S and claims admin contracted to private insurers WorkSafe Victoria,

WorkCover NSW

Exclusive Standalone with contracted admin WorkCover South Australia

Private Insurance Northern Territory

Accident (rather than “Work-related” injury) compensation ACC New Zealand

[works with WorkSafe NZ]

Canadian Models: Two basic types

Standalone WC, exclusive jurisdictions

WCB Alberta

WCB Sask

WCB NS

WSIB Ontario

WCB Manitoba

WHSCC NL

Integrated OH&S with WC, exclusive jurisdictions

WorkSafeBC

WorkSafeNB

CSST

WCB PEI

WSCC NT/NU

WCB YT

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Classic Components:

Regulation

Legislators, BoD (WorkSafeBC), Policy

Enforcement (Inspection with potential of penalty)

“Inspectorate”, officers, administration

Includes responsive and programmed inspections

Training / Education

Publications, Videos, Conferences…

Prevention (Consultation, Invited Inspection, promotion)

“Loss Prevention” specialists

Auditors (CoR)

The Occ Health and Safety Mandate

OH&S Mandates Canada (condensed from AWCBC.org)

Jurisdiction

% Employed Labour Force

Covered Enforcement RegulationTraining/ Education Prevention

PE 98.04 WCB WCB WCB WCBNL 97.61 Government Government WHSCC WHSCCBC 97.61 WorkSafeBC WorkSafeBC* WorkSafeBC WorkSafeBCYT 97.32 WCB WCB WCB WCB

NT/NU 97.16 WSCC WSCC WSCC WSCCQC 92.6 CSST CSST CSST CSSTNB 91.39 WorkSafeNB WorkSafeNB WorkSafeNB WorkSafeNB

Canada 84.38

AB 84.36 Government Government Government GovernmentMB 77.4 Government Government Government WCB

ON 76.24 Government Government Government Government

NS 75.4 Government Government WCB WCBSK 71.3 Government Government Government Gov. & WCB

AWCBC KSM 22 (2016 data)

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Injury Rate

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Lost Time Injury Frequency (per 100 workers) 2016 [AWCBC]

BC has a Lost-time

Injury Rate of 2.03 per

100 FTEs

BC is in the upper third

of jurisdictions in terms

injury rate

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Percentage of claims off comp at 90 days post injury

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Percentage of Wage Loss Claims off Compensation at 90 Days (%) 2016 [AWCBC]

78% of BC time-loss

claims are off

compensation by

90 days post injury

In the middle third of

reporting jurisdictions

Duration – Calendar Days

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Duration (Average - Calendar Days) 2016 [AWCBC]

Workers with Time-loss

claims in BC are on

compensation for

an average of 71 days

Mid-range of reporting

jurisdictions for claim

duration

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Average Assessment Rate

$0.00

$0.50

$1.00

$1.50

$2.00

$2.50

$3.00

Average Assessment Rate ($/$100 assessable payroll) 2016 [AWCBC]

Employers pay an

average $1.70 per

$100 of assessable

payroll for coverage

Mid-range (lower half)

of reporting

jurisdictions for employer

cost (premiums)

Assessment rates: Overall Only one detailed workers’ compensation rate comparison study

exists

The Oregon Workers’ Compensation Premium Rate Raking study takes

54 classifications most important to the Oregon economy, representing about 70% of payroll

Collects assessment rates from all US states for these classifications

Generates an average assessment rate for each state

Answers the question: “ What would the average premium be if every state had Oregon’s economic mix?”

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The 2016 Oregon StudyIf every US state, BC, and Ontario had Oregon’s industrial mix.

2016 Study – Range of Index Values

BC would rank

among the lowest

in terms of employer

assessment cost in

the Oregon study

$0.00

$1.00

$2.00

$3.00

$4.00

#1 state WA Median OR ONT #51 state BC

$3.24

$1.97 $1.84

$1.28 $1.31

$0.89 $0.94

Source: Oregon Workers’ Compensation Rate Study,

2016 and WorkSafeBC Assessments Dept.

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Duration of Disability –Days Away from Work - US

Source: Condensed and extracted from BLS, R65. Detailed industry by number of days away from work, 2016

https://www.bls.gov/web/osh/cd_r65.xlsx

Total

cases

All Industry3,5 892,270 14.3 11 17.3 11.8 11 6.5 28.2

Construction 82,760 14.1 10.7 16.1 10.9 9.4 7.3 31.4

Construction of buildings 16,590 17.2 12.6 15.9 12.1 6.6 5.2 30.4

Residential building construction 11,150 16.1 15.3 18.7 10.9 4.5 3.4 30.9

Nonresidential building construction 5,440 19.3 7 10.3 14.3 10.8 8.6 29.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction 9,510 10.7 6.7 18.2 11.9 10 5.7 36.7

Roofing contractors 4,300 12.6 6 9.5 13.3 14.4 9.8 34.2

Electrical and wiring contractors 8,030 9.7 16.3 16.3 8.5 12.2 4.7 32.4

Plumbing and hvac contractors 14,180 17.1 11.4 16.5 7.8 9.8 11.1 26.3

Drywall and insulation contractors 3,010 13.3 7.3 16.9 8.3 8 4.7 41.2

N

u

Days-away-from-work cases involving:

1 day 2 days 3 - 5 6 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 days

PercentIndustry1 N

u

Percent Percent N

u

PercentPercent Percent N

u

Percent N

u

Duration of Disability –Days away from work- BC

1 day 2 days 3-5 days6-10 days

11-20 days

21-30 days

31+ days

All sectors 10.0% 8.2% 17.1% 14.0% 12.6% 7.2% 30.9%Sector 72

Construction 9.6% 8.0% 17.2% 13.8% 12.5% 6.5% 32.4%Subsector 7210

General Construction 9.6% 8.2% 17.4% 13.7% 12.5% 6.4% 32.3%Subsector 7220 Heavy

Construction 12.7% 10.1% 16.5% 12.7% 10.1% 11.4% 26.6%Subsector 7230

Road Construction 8.3% 4.5% 12.8% 16.3% 12.8% 8.7% 36.5%Note from Joseph Wong, WorkSafeBC – Statistics :

Days (unadjusted) away:

I took a look at the methodology used by the US BLS for their survey (SOII), and used the following basis to calculate the figures above:- claims with a year of injury of 2016- days “covered” up to Dec 31, 2016- payments made by Jan 31, 2017- claims with no days paid are not included (each horizontal row in the table should add up to 100%, subject to rounding difference)

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Duration of Disability –Days Away from Work – US and BC

Total

cases

All Industry3,5 892,270 14.3 11 17.3 11.8 11 6.5 28.2

Construction 82,760 14.1 10.7 16.1 10.9 9.4 7.3 31.4

Construction of buildings 16,590 17.2 12.6 15.9 12.1 6.6 5.2 30.4

Residential building construction 11,150 16.1 15.3 18.7 10.9 4.5 3.4 30.9

Nonresidential building construction 5,440 19.3 7 10.3 14.3 10.8 8.6 29.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction 9,510 10.7 6.7 18.2 11.9 10 5.7 36.7

Roofing contractors 4,300 12.6 6 9.5 13.3 14.4 9.8 34.2

Electrical and wiring contractors 8,030 9.7 16.3 16.3 8.5 12.2 4.7 32.4

Plumbing and hvac contractors 14,180 17.1 11.4 16.5 7.8 9.8 11.1 26.3

Drywall and insulation contractors 3,010 13.3 7.3 16.9 8.3 8 4.7 41.2

N

u

Days-away-from-work cases involving:

1 day 2 days 3 - 5 6 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 days

PercentIndustry1 N

u

Percent Percent N

u

PercentPercent Percent N

u

Percent N

u10.00% 8.20% 17.10% 14.00% 12.60% 7.20% 30.90% All Sectors

9.60% 8.00% 17.20% 13.80% 12.50% 6.50% 32.40% 72 Construction

12.70% 10.10% 16.50% 12.70% 10.10% 11.40% 26.60% 7220 Heavy

Construction – Serious Injury Rate

0

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

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er 1

00

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rs

BC Construction Sector (72)Serious Injury Rate 2012-2016

Serious Injury Rate

for Construction is

more than double the

BC average-- Average Serious Injury Rate (2012-2016) 0.29

Source: Based on WorkSafeBC Statistics 2017 Table 1-6b

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Australia Construction –“Serious” Injury

Source: SafeWork Australia, Comparative performance monitoring report 19th Edition–Part 1. Oct 2017, https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/node/8981

Australia

Construction

Serious Injury rate

is more than 1.5

times

the average

Investigations/Inspections and Prosecutions/Penalties

Compliance Measures 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17

Annual workplace visits 41,566 40,711 46,259 45,761

Prosecution success rate 89% 93% 94% 90%

Investigations proceeding to prosecution charges within 12 months

75% 83% 91% 82%

Completed investigations proceeding to legal review outcome

67% 66% 71% 68%

Prosecutions commenced 107 114 119 138

WorkSafe Victoria Annual Report 2017, p. 21

2017 Measure

43,125 Inspection Reports

27,341 Worksite Visits

339 Net Penalties Imposed

132 Initiated WorkSafeBC Investigations

WorkSafeBC Statistics Report 2017, p. 75-76

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In Victoria Australia… 71% of employers believe they are likely to receive a visit from a

WorkSafe Inspector in the next 12 months

74% of employers agree WorkSafe is effective in catching and prosecuting employers who break safety laws

88% of people have considered making changes to the health and safety of their workplaces as a result of hearing about [WorkSafe] prosecutions

-WorkSafe Victoria, Annual Report 2009, p.24https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/208379/ISBN-Worksafe-victoria-annual-report-2009-09.pdf

In Victoria Australia… 71% of employers believe they are likely to receive a visit from a

WorkSafe Inspector in the next 12 months

74% of employers agree WorkSafe is effective in catching and prosecuting employers who break safety laws

88% of people have considered making changes to the health and safety of their workplaces as a result of hearing about [WorkSafe] prosecutions

-WorkSafe Victoria, Annual Report 2009, p.24https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/208379/ISBN-Worksafe-victoria-annual-report-2009-09.pdf

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More likely to be aware of WorkSafe NZ than other regions

Workers’ Health and Safety was particularly likely to be in the top three business considerations for Canterbury employers (72% cf. 50% in Auckland and 55% across the rest of New Zealand)

59% of Canterbury employers thought it was likely an inspector might visit in the next 12 months

Compared with 38% in the rest of New Zealand, 36% in Auckland

WorkSafe NZ, (2015: April), Health and Safety Attitudes and Behaviours in the New Zealand Workforce: A Survey of Workers and Employers, (2014 BASELINE SURVEY CONSTRUCTION REPORT) Retrieved from

https://www.sitesafe.org.nz/globalassets/guides-and-resources/research/worksafe.pdf

Construction Employers in Canterbury

BC has low cost… what about “benefits”? Workers’ compensation pays:

Medical, rehabilitation costs

Compensation for lost wages

Funeral/burial costs and survivor benefits

Compensation for permanent disability

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Medical Percent of Total Benefit

Medical51%

All other49%

Estimate Workers’ Compensation Benefits 2016 (NASI)

Jurisdiction(NASI)

Percent Paid Benefits –Medical (2016)

Washington State 31.3%

Alaska 65.8%

Idaho 63.8%

Montana 66.5%

In BC,

Healthcare Costs represent 26%

of Total Cash Benefits Paid

in 2016 [Source: calculated from

WorkSafeBC Annual Report Note 10,

Benefit Payments before Admin costs]

Alberta 36.3% (based on 2017 Annual Report, P .75 Health care

payments over all payments less admin cost)

Statutory Benefit ProvisionsWA OR AK AL SK MN ON NB YK BC

Maximum insurable/assessable earnings

$98,700 (2018)

$82,627 (2018)

$127,000 assessable (2018)/ no

max insurable

$90,300 (2018)

$63,600 (2018)

$86,971 (2018)

$82,700 (2018)

Maximum Weekly Benefit

$1299 (2017)

$1296 (2017)

$1239 (2017)

$1,238.51 (2017)

None$1098.45

(2017)$ 1,251.02 $1,095.48

Compensation Rate60-75%

PIWW

66 2/3%

PIWW

80% of

spend-able

90% of

Net

90% of Net

90% of Net

85% of Net

85% of Net

75% of gross

90% of Net

Waiting Period 3 days 3 days 3 days None None None None3/5ths of weekly benefit

None None

Retroactive Period14

days14

days28

daysn/a n/a n/a m/a

20 working

daysn/a n/a

For BC, this

is about

$41.35 / hour

based on

2000 hours

per year

(40 hours x

50 weeks)

Alberta, Sept 2018: Eliminates cap on insurable but retains max

assessable

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26

Source: Statistics Canada, Total Income Explorer, 2016 Census, Dec 18, 2017

Why Max Insurable matters Earning above Maximum Insurable are not covered

Statistics Canada 2016, Census (extract)

Median wages,

salaries and

commissions

($)

Average

wages,

salaries and

commissions

($)

7201 Contractors and supervisors, machining, metal forming,

shaping and erecting trades and related occupations

73,438 85,236

7202 Contractors and supervisors, electrical trades and

telecommunications occupations

82,254 89,089

7203 Contractors and supervisors, pipefitting trades 83,722 90,158

7242 Industrial electricians 83,254 87,066

7243 Power system electricians 89,643 89,072

7244 Electrical power line and cable workers 96,493 96,133

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Labour Market Info – Prevailing Wage(Job Bank extract July 13, 2018)

Occupation Region Low $/hour Median $/hour High $/hour

Site Manger, Construction

Lower Mainland -Southwest Region

19.50 38.46 57.69

Crane Operator BC 25.00 32.00 42.75

Road Construction Foreman

BC23.80 34.00 50.48

For Construction sector:

• Coverage is equal to or better than comparators for most workers

• Those with incomes above $82,700 per year (about $41 per hour on

a full year basis) are not covered for amount above that level.

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000200000

49

99

an

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500

0 -

99

99

100

00

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49

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00

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49

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00

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99

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00

0 -

44

99

9

450

00

- 4

99

99

500

00

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49

99

550

00

- 5

99

99

60

00

0 -

69

99

9

700

00

- 7

99

99

80

00

0 -

89

99

9

90

00

0 -

99

99

9

100

00

0 -

14

99

99

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99

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0 a

nd

ove

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Cu

mu

lati

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erce

nt

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mb

er o

f R

etu

rns

Income Category ($)

Income From Employment - BC 2015 T1s Count and Cumulative Percent by Income Category Only income from

Employment shown on Line 4 of T1 Individual Tax Returns for Taxation year 2015

Excludes income from Business, Commissions, Farming, Fishing, etc.

Source: Developed from data extracted from Canada Revenue Agency, T1 Final Statistics 2017 edition (for the 2015 tax year), Table 2 BC

https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/programs/about-canada-revenue-agency-cra/income-statistics-gst-hst-statistics/t1-final-statistics/final-statistics-2017-edition-2015-tax-year.html#_Tables_in_CSV_1

WorkSafeBC Max Insurable 2015

$78,600 (below 80% of filers)

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Max Alberta 2015 $95,300 Max Ontario 2015 $85,200

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Income From Employment - Alberta 2015 T1s Count and Cumulative Percent by Income Category

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Income Category ($)

Income From Employment - Ontario 2015 T1s Count and Cumulative Percent by Income Category

Note: Alberta removed cap on insurable earning Sept 2018

but retained max assessable at $98,700

Alberta logic before Sept 2018: The maximum amount set ensured 90% of

the workforce was covered for 100% of their wages.

BC’s workers’ compensation benefits Compares well with other jurisdictions

Maximum covered earnings at - Mid to upper range

But 20-25% of earners have wages above current maximum so are not covered for these losses

Short-term disability compensation rate – Upper range

But 90% of 20-25% of high wage earners will effectively receive less

Long-term disability level – Mid to upper range

But restricted cost of living indexing

Total disability cases lose income support at retirement age

Some work-related deaths receive little or no compensation

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Prevention Approaches and Initiatives Access to Information/Transparency

Comprehensive Loss Prevention

Enhanced Loss Prevention

Traditional Loss Prevention

Human and Financial

Costs

Direct cost drivers

Frequency

Severity (medical)

Duration of disability (claim cost)

Timeliness and effectiveness of

Return to Work (RTW)

Indirect cost drivers

Attitudes, Beliefs (safety culture)

Awareness, Engagement

Wellness

Loss Prevention Strategies

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Alberta

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Mates in Construction - Australia Suicide Prevention in the Construction Industry

http://matesinconstruction.org.au/

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How does BC measure up? Construction Sector

Improving but somewhat higher share of injuries and costs

Rate of serious injury about twice the provincial average

Room for further improvement prevention and RTW

Workers’ Compensation (insurance and OH&S)

Mandate appropriate but serious injury rate persistently level

Among the lowest employer costs particularly in Construction

Among the highest compensation rate but

Maximum insurable limits compensation for higher wage earners common in the construction sector

Relatively long duration of injury: opportunity for faster RTW

According to the Mayo Clinic, the person you report to at work is more important for your health than your family doctor.

- Mob Chapman, CEO of Barry-Wehmillerand author of Everybody Matters as quoted in Jeffrey Pfeffer’s Dying for a Paycheck Chapter 1

One more thing I want you to know:

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In closing: Keep comparing... It may not be easy but others face the same

issues and risks we do… We can learn from their efforts, failures and successes

Ask questions, support research, learn from others, and share

Speak up for health & safety!

Research shows as the number of safety-oriented communications between supervisors and workers approaches 70%, violations of safe work procedures approaches zero

If you see something unsafe anywhere, say something.

Be safe out there…

At home, on the road, at play and on the job

Thanks to WorkSafeBC

Statistics Department, Joseph Wong

Assessments, Gerry Paquette, Kim Karunaratne

AWCBC

NASI

WorkSafeVictoria

SafeWork Australia

State Fund of California

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for the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance

October 26, 2018

Terrance J. BogyoIndependent Researcher | Speaker | Consultant