teorem thevenin & norton
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Teorem thevenin & norton noteTRANSCRIPT
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TEOREM THEVENIN &
TEOREM NORTON
EN. CHIN SENG FATT
ADTEC TAIPING
LITAR ELEKTRIK
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TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
Selepas mengikuti topik ini, pelajar-pelajar mesti boleh:
Terangkan Kaedah Teorem Thevenin dan Norton
Terangkan Kaedah Teorem Thevenin ke Norton dan sebaliknya
24/09/2014 2 THEVENIN_NORTON
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KANDUNGAN
Thevenin Theorem
Norton Theorem
Thevenin ke Norton
Norton ke Thevenin
24/09/2014 3 THEVENIN_NORTON
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ANALISIS-ANALISIS LITAR
HUKUM OHM
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 4
HKV HKA
MESH NODE THEVENIN / NORTON
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TEOREM THEVENIN
MENYATAKAN BAHAWA
Satu litar linear yang kompleks boleh diwakilkan dengan litar setara yang mengandungi satu sumber voltan sesiri dengan satu rintangan setara dan beban
24/09/2014 5 THEVENIN_NORTON
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KAEDAH TEOREM THEVENIN
1. MENCARI VOLTAN THEVENIN
a. KELUAR BEBAN
b. KIRA VOLTAN
2. MENCARI RINTANGAN THEVENIN
a. PINTAS SUMBER BEKALAN
b. KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 6
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CONTOH 1 TEOREM THEVENIN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 7
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KENALPASTI BEBAN
RINTANGAN BEBAN 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 8
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CARI VOLTAN THEVENIN
1. KELUAR BEBAN DARI LLITAR
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 9
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CARI VOLTAN THEVENIN
2. KIRA VOLTAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 10
[10Ω/(5Ω +10Ω)]
x (15-10V)
=3.33V 10V + 3.33V
= 13.33V
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CARI RINTANGAN THEVENIN
3. PINTAS SUMBER
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 11
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CARI RINTANGAN THEVENIN
4. KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 12
5||10+6 =9.33Ω
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LITAR SETARA THEVENIN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 13
9.33Ω
13.33V
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SOALAN: CARI ARUS & VOLTAN PADA 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 14
9.33Ω
13.33V
I = V / R = 13.33
(9.33+4) = 1A
V = [4/(9.33+4)] x 13.33 = 4V ATAU V = 1A x 4Ω = 4V
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KESIMPULAN TEOREM THEVENIN
BIL. LANGKAH TUJUAN
1 KELUARKAN BEBAN MENCARI VOLTAN THV
2 KIRA VOLTAN
3 PINTAS SUMBER MENCARI RINTANGAN
THV 4 KIRA JUMLAH
RINTANGAN
24/09/2014 15 THEVENIN_NORTON
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UJI KENDIRI
LUKIS LITAR THEVENIN. CARI ARUS & VOLTAN 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 16
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TEOREM NORTON
MENYATAKAN BAHAWA:
Satu litar linear yang kompleks boleh diwakilkan dengan litar setara (satu sumber arus selari dengan satu rintangan setara)
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 17
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KAEDAH TEOREM NORTON
24/09/2014 18 THEVENIN_NORTON
1. MENCARI ARUS NORTON
a. PINTAS BEBAN
b. TUKAR SUMBER VOLTAN KE SUMBER ARUS
c. KIRA JUMLAH SUMBER ARUS
d. KIRA ARUS PINTAS
2. MENCARI RINTANGAN NORTON
a. KELUAR SUMBER BEKALAN
b. KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
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CONTOH 2 TEOREM NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 19
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KENALPASTI BEBAN
RINTANGAN BEBAN 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 20
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CARI ARUS NORTON
1. PINTAS RINTANGAN BEBAN 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 21
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CARI ARUS NORTON
2. TUKAR SUMBER VOLTAN KE SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 22
10V/10Ω =1A
15V/5Ω =3A
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CARI ARUS NORTON
2. TUKAR SUMBER VOLTAN KE SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 23
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CARI ARUS NORTON
3. JUMLAHKAN SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 24
1A + 3A =4A
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CARI ARUS NORTON
4. KIRA ARUS PINTAS.
(HUKUM PEMBAHAGI ARUS) 24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 25
𝐼 = 3.33
6 + 3.33𝑥 4 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟑𝑨
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CARI RINTANGAN NORTON
5. KELUARKAN SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 26
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CARI RINTANGAN NORTON
6. KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 27
𝑅 = 6 +5 𝑥 10
5 + 10= 𝟗. 𝟑𝟑 𝑶𝒉𝒎
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LITAR SETARA NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 28
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SOALAN: CARI ARUS PADA 4 OHM
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 29
I = [9.33/(9.33+4)] x 1.43 = 1A
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KESIMPULAN TEOREM NORTON
LANGKAH PENERANGAN TUJUAN
1 PINTASKAN BEBAN MENCARI ARUS NORTON 2 TUKAR SUMBER VOLTAN KE
SUMBER ARUS.
3 JUMLAHKAN SUMBER ARUS
4 KIRA ARUS PINTAS GUNA HUKUM PEMBAHAGI ARUS
5 BUKA LITAR SUMBER ARUS MENCARI RINTANGAN
NORTON 6 KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
24/09/2014 30 THEVENIN_NORTON
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UJI KENDIRI
LUKIS LITAR NORTON. CARI ARUS 4Ω
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 31
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LITAR THEVENIN-NORTON
SOURCE TRANSFORMATION
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1. TRANSFORM SUMBER VOLTAN KE SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 33
15V/5 Ohm=3A 10V/10 Ohm=1A
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2. JUMLAHKAN SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 34
3A+1A=4A
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3. JUMLAH RINTANGAN SELARI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 35
5x10 = 3.33 Ohm 5+10
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4. TRANSFORM SUMBER ARUS KE VOLTAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 36
4A x 3.33 Ohm = 13.33V
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5. JUMLAH RINTANGAN SIRI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 37
LITAR THEVENIN
6 Ohm + 3.33 Ohm = 9.33 Ohm
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6. THEVENIN ke NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 38
LITAR NORTON
13.33V / 9.33Ohm = 1.43A
LITAR THEVENIN
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CONTOH LAGI…
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 39
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CONTOH LITAR 3
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 40
R2 = RINTANGAN BEBAN @ LOAD
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1. TRANSFORM SUMBER VOLTAN KE
SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 41
I2 = V1 / R1
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2. JUMLAHKAN SUMBER ARUS
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 42
I3 = I1 + 12
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3. TRANSFORM SUMBER ARUS KE SUMBER VOLTAN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 43
V2 = I3 x R4
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4. JUMLAHKAN RINTANGAN SIRI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 44
R6 = R1 + R3 + R4
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SELESAI!
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 45
LITAR SETARA THEVENIN
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LITAR NORTON
SOURCE TRANSFORMATION
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CONTOH LITAR 4
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 47
R2 = RINTANGAN BEBAN @ LOAD
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CONTOH LITAR 3 THEVENIN
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 48
LITAR SETARA THEVENIN
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THEVENIN NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 49
LITAR SETARA NORTON
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RUMUSAN – SOURCE TRANSFORMATION
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 50
Norton Thevenin VTH = IN x RN RTH = RN
Thevenin Norton IN = VTH / RTH RN = RTH
Thevenin Norton
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THEVENIN NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 51
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THEVENIN DAN NORTON
• JUMLAH RINTANGAN SETARA ADALAH SAMA
– RN = RTH
• ARUS PADA BEBAN ADALAH SAMA
– I LOAD NORTON = I LOAD THEVENIN
• HUKUM OHM
– VTH = I N x RN
– I N = VTH / RTH
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 52
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THEVENIN vs NORTON
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 53
NO. NORTON THEVENIN
1 PINTASKAN BEBAN KELUARKAN BEBAN
2 TUKAR SUMBER VOLTAN KE SUMBER ARUS
KIRA VOLTAN
3 JUMLAHKAN SUMBER ARUS -
4 KIRA ARUS PINTAS GUNA HUKUM PEMBAHAGI ARUS
-
5 BUKA LITAR SUMBER ARUS PINTAS SUMBER
6 KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN KIRA JUMLAH RINTANGAN
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MEMILIH ANALISIS YANG SESUAI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 54
• TEOREM SUPERPOSISI – HUKUM OHM, HUKUM LITAR SIRI/SELARI – KEMAHIRAN MATEMATIK RENDAH – SATU ANALISIS UNTUK SATU SUMBER – SUKAR, MASA LAMA ANALISIS
• ANALISIS NOD – HUKUM KIRCHOFF ARUS – JANA PERSAMAAN DENGAN MUDAH – PENYELESAIAN NILAI SATU VOLTAN & PECAHAN – KEMAHIRAN MATEMATIK RENDAH – PERSAMAAN SERENTAK JIKA LEBIH 2 NOD
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MEMILIH TEOREM YANG SESUAI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 55
• ANALISIS MESH
– HUKUM KIRCHOFF VOLTAN
– PERSAMAAN DIJANA MUDAH
– SELESAIKAN NILAI SEMUA ARUS
– KEMAHIRAN MATEMATIK TINGGI
– PENYELESAIAN PERSAMAAN SERENTAK
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MEMILIH TEOREM YANG SESUAI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 56
• TEOREM THEVENIN
– PENGGUNAAN 1 SUMBER VOLTAN SETARA DAN 1 RINTANGAN LITAR SIRI
– KEMAHIRAN MATEMATIK RENDAH
– BERGUNA DALAM REKABINA LITAR DENGAN NILAI BEBAN BERBILANG
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MEMILIH TEOREM YANG SESUAI
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 57
• TEOREM NORTON
– PENGGUNAAN 1 SUMBER ARUS SETARA DAN 1 RINTANGAN LITAR SELARI
– PELENGKAP KEPADA TEOREM THEVENIN
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TUGASAN
LUKIS LITAR NORTON DENGAN CARA SOURCE TRANSFORMATION.
CARI ARUS & VOLTAN 4Ω 24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 58
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TAMAT
SEKIAN TERIMA KASIH
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 59
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KAPASITOR & INDUKTOR
24/09/2014 THEVENIN_NORTON 60