tensinews 31 -autumn 2016 · a building as a lab textile roofs 2016 berlin ... (crowdfunding,...

N E W S L E T T E R O F T H E E U R O P E A N B A S E D N E T W O R K F O R T H E D E S I G N A N D R E A L I S A T I O N O F T E N S I L E S T R U C T U R E S

NEWSLETTER NR. 31SEPTEMBER 2016PUBLISHED TWICE A YEARPRICE €15 (POST INCL)www.tensinet.com

PROJECTS

TENSILE STRUCTURESAS UNIFYING ELEMENT

6 BEVIS MARKSHIGHEST ALL-WEATHER ROOF GARDEN

“THE KEY”A BUILDING AS A LAB

TTEEXXTTIILLEE RROOOOFFSS 22001166 BERLIN

Flopec head office building © Preysi ▲Psychedelic stage by “leichtbaukunst” ►

REPORT

TENSINEWS NR. 31 – SEPTEMBER 20162

12 TEXTILE ROOFS 2016BERLIN

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CENO Membrane Technology GmbHwww.ceno-tec.de

Dyneonwww.dyneon.eu

FabricArtMembrane Structureswww.fabricart.com.tr/

Form TLwww.Form-tl.de

Messe FrankfurtTechtextilwww.techtextil.com

Mehler Texnologies GmbH www.lowandbonar.comwww.mehgies.com/mta/

Sefar www.sefar.com

Sioen Industries www.sioen.com

Saint-Gobain www.sheerfill.com

technet GmbHwww.technet-gmbh.com

Verseidagwww.vsindutex.de

form TL

Serge Ferrari sawww.sergeferrari.com

Canobbio S.p.A.www.canobbio.com

partners2016

INFO

Buro Happoldwww.burohappold.com

Editorial BoardJohn Chilton, Evi Corne, Peter Gosling, Marijke Mollaert, Javier Tejera

CoordinationMarijke Mollaert, phone: +32 2 629 28 45, [email protected]

Address Vrije Uni ver siteit Brussel (VUB), Dept. of Architectural Engineering,Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brus sels, Belgium

ISSN 1784-5688

All copyrights remain by each authorPrice €15postage & packing included

PROJECTS PA G E

4 Singapore GARDENS BY THE BAYRETRACTABLE SHADING SCREENSFOR THE COOLED CONSERVATORY COMPLEX

5 the Netherlands TRANSFORMATION OF A BUSINESS PARK ETFE-SKYLIGHTS OF CENO TEC PROVIDE ANEW ATRIUM WITH LIGHT AND ATMOSPHERE

8 Germany DAY-CARE CENTERSUSTAINABILITY TO THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN

9 Ecuador TENSILE STRUCTURES AS UNIFYING ELEMENTCLIMATIC ENVELOPE FOR THE NEW HEAD OFFICE AND LEISURE FACILITIES

10 UK 6 BEVIS MARKSLONDON'S HIGHEST ALL-WEATHER ROOF GARDEN

17 USA TRANSPARANT ROOF FIRST SPORTS STADIUM IN THE USA WITH LIGHTWEIGHT ETFE FILM ROOF

18 GERMANY INNER COURTYARD ROOFINGCUSTOM-FIT SITS THE CUSHION FOIL ROOF

19 TURKEY TRABZON AKYAZI STADIUMTEXTILE ROOF AND FACADE

ANNOUNCEMENTS

contents

7 RUBBERDESIGN COMPETITION 2016

16 ESSENER MEMBRANBAU SYMPOSIUM 2016 30 SEPTEMBER 2016

20 TECHTEXTIL 9-12 MAI 2017

REPORT

n°31

6“THE KEY”

A BUILDING AS A LAB

7TENSINET

COST ACTION TU1303 SYMPOSIUM 2016

TENSINEWS NR. 31 – SEPTEMBER 2016 33

Edito

© Hubert Berberich

Forthcoming EventsIASS 2016 Spatial Structures in the 21st CenturyTokyo, Japan • 26-30/09/2016http://iass2016.jp/3th Essener Membranbau Symposium 2016 University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen •30/09/2016 http://www.uni-due.de/iml/

TENSINET - COST ACTION TU1303SYMPOSIUM 2016 Novel structural skinsNewcastle, UK • 26-29/10/2016 http://conferences.ncl.ac.uk/tensi-net2016/

10th Aachen-Dresden InternationalTextile Conference 2015Aachen, Germany • 24-25/11/2016 http://www.aachen-dresden-denkendorf.de/en/itc/Techtextil 2017Frankfurt am Main, Germany •

9-12/05/2017 https://techtextil.messefrankfurt.comTextile Roofs 2017Archenhold Observatory, Berlin, Germany15-17/05/2017www.textile-roofs.com

Forthcoming MeetingsPartner Meeting 2 and Annual General Meeting Thursday 27 October, 18.45 - 19.45Newcastle University, Great North MuseumHancockhttp://conferences.ncl.ac.uk/tensinet2016/

The council of Mannheim decided lastJune to demolish this unique grid shellbuilding unless, by the end of 2017, meansof federal, state and private initiatives(crowdfunding, donations and grants) arefound for the renovation. The Multihalleis a very important building in the historyof lightweight structures and especiallyfor so called grid shells. The city of Manheim, heavily destroyedduring WWII, started a slow post-war re-construction phase. The Multihalle build-ing, originally constructed as a pavilion in1974 for the biennial horticulture show“Bundesgartenschau” was part of thislarger redevelopment. The architectsCarlfried Mutschler and Winfried Langnerengaged Frei Otto as consulting engineerfor the design of the roof. Frei Otto de-signed an extraordinary ingenious gridshell with a large span of 60x60m. To give this unusual sensitive form enoughstiffness 4 layers of wooden laths were

placed one above the other to form athree-dimensional grid. Joining was com-plex as during the erection process thegrid has to rotate into its final organicshape. Pinned connections were neededto enable this rotations. Once the finalform was achieved the pin joints werebolted. Originally the pavilion was designed as atemporary construction, as often is thecase for exhibition facilities. A first renova-tion took place beginning of the ’80swhen the PVC film was replaced. Mean-while the membrane became porous andthe timber construction damaged. In2008 a large scaffold was constructed tostabilize the construction. Finally Multi-halle was closed in 2011. The building is onthe Heritage conservation list since 1998. Harald Voigt from Tentum GmbH broughtunder attention the fact that we shouldreact to counter the demolishment andfind a way to preserve the building!

Multihalle Mannheim, Germany

Dear Reader,

We are now only one month away from the next TensiNet Symposium, which will be held to-gether with the Cost Action TU1303. The symposium will take place at Newcastle University, fromthe 26th till the 28th of October 2016, see also http://conferences.ncl.ac.uk/tensinet2016. The theme of the symposium is Novel Structural Skins, the same as the COST Action. More than 70 presentations cover a wide spectrum of the five main topics, and include also a good mix of interesting keynote speakers. On Wednesday 26th of October 2016 in the afternoon takes placethe open session with the focus on built projects. We invite architects, engineers and professionalsto learn more about structural skins and the recent development.

This issue of TensiNews contains, as a preview of the symposium, an article form Carl Maywald whois one of our keynote speakers, and an article about the project the Key in Newcastle, which can bevisited during the symposium.

We present in this TensiNews another variety of new foil and membrane projects. An ETFE roof overan atrium in the Netherlands is presented, as well as the first stadium in the United States withETFE, and an ETFE roof covering a courtyard in Germany. The environmental opportunities usingmembranes present articles about retractable shading screens in Singapore, a climatic envelope inEcuador and the membrane roof for a day care centre in Germany. Still under construction, thenew Trabzon stadium in Turkey is presented.

The 21st Textile Roofs workshop took place this May in Berlin. Many TensiNet members were present with their presentations. We are glad that Joseph Llorens was so kind to write again a summary of this event for us.

We look forward to seeing you all in Newcastle on our TensiNet / COST Action TU1303 symposium,and on other tensile structures related events this autumn. Please enjoy in the short meantime thisissue of TensiNews.

Yours sincerely,Bernd Stimpfle

http://conferences.ncl.ac.uk/tensinet2016/


IntroductionIn 2006, Wilkinson Eyre architectswere part of a British-led team thatwon the design competition forone of the most ambitious culturalprojects of recent years – the mas-terplan for Singapore’s Gardens bythe Bay. The project, comprisingthree separate gardens covering atotal of 101 hectares was central tothe government’s visionary plan totransform the city-state into aCity-in-a-Garden. Wilkinson Eyre’sbrief was to design an architecturalicon, a horticultural attraction anda showcase for sustainable tech-nology at the heart of the Gardensat Bay South. Their response wasthe Cooled Conservatory Complex.

The two main conservatory struc-tures are among the largest cli-mate-controlled glasshouses in theworld, covering an area in excess of20.000m², and showcase the floraof those environments most likelyto be affected by climate change: • Flower Dome: which recreates

the conditions in Mediterraneanspring time (the cool-dry Medi-ter ranean zone) with a surface of1.2 hectare and a height of 38m);

• Cloud Forest: which emulates theconditions of tropical highlands(the cool-wet tropical montane)with a surface of 0.8 hectare anda height of 58m.)

The challenge of creating theseconservatory environments underglass was a fundamental driver ofthe design, which was broughtabout through a uniquely collabo-rative relationship between Wilkin-son Eyre and the other members ofthe multidisciplinary team: mas-terplanner Grant Associates, struc-tural engineer, Atelier One andenvironmental specialists AtelierTen. Each conservatory has a com-posite structure composed of agridshell, which works in tandemwith an external superstructure ofradially arranged, arched steel ribs.These were introduced primarily toaddress the lateral loads to thegridshell, although they also givethe conservatories their distinctive

organic identity. (informationhttp://www.wilkinsoneyre.com/projects/cooled-conservatories-gardens-by-the-bay)Gardens by the Bay is a projectthat has been awarded not only aPlatinum rating in the Green MarkFor Parks scheme (Singaporeanequivalent of LEED), but also aWorld Building of the Year 2012award at the World Architecturefestival (WAF) and in 2013 theproject received the prestigiousRIBA Lubetkin Prize.

Soltis 92 screens Screens made by Serge Ferrariwere chosen to realise a retrac -table sun protection system. Intotal the conservatories Flower

Dome and Cloud Forest benefitfrom an external solar protectionsystem that is every bit as excep-tional with its 25.000m² of Soltis92 screens.

The conservatories feature aston-ishing specific characteristics:• Maintain the high light levels re-quired by the plants within, whileminimizing the associated solarheat gain inevitable in Singapore’stropical climate;• Dynamic nature of the completedbuilding, with shades opening andclosing in response to the changingsolar environment;• Distinct curved forms of the bio-mes generated from the geometryof a hyperbolic curve and

SERGE FERRARI

Name of the project: retractable shading screens for the Gardens by the bayYear of construction: 2012Architect: Wilkinson Eyre ArchitectsLocal Implementing Architects: CPG Consultants Pte LtdStructural Engineers: Atelier OneBuilding Services Consulting Engineer: Atelier TenConsulting Engineer: Wade ConsultingGeneral Contractor: Woh Hup Pte LtdManufacturer membrane: Advance CanvasFabric - Serge Ferrari composite screens: Soltis 92-2051 Screen area: 25.000m²

Figure 1. Open versus closedconfiguration of the shadingscreens © Wilkinson EyrearchitectsFigure 2. Model CooledConservatory Complex -Flower Dome and Cloud Forest© Wilkinson Eyre architectsFigures 3 to 6. Shading screensseen from above and beneath© Serge Ferrari

Singapore RETRACTABLE SHADING SCREENS FOR THE COOLED CONSERVATORY COMPLEX

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http://www.wilkinsoneyre.com/projects/cooled-conservatories-gardens-by-the-bay


The Soltis 92 advantages1. Lightweight and flexible

No extra weight on buildingstructure - Adapts to externalenvelope curved shapes

2. Structural strengthResists pressures exerted bythe wind

3. Long-term dimensionalstability Allows unusuallyshaped blinds that adapt tocomplex structural geometry

4. Heat shield Prevents buildingoverheating and reduces air-conditioning consumption

5. Light filter Light conditionsand dazzle control inside thedomes, while conserving highluminosity for well-being ofplants and vegetation

6. 100% recyclable throughTexyloop Environmentalimpact reduction A decisivecriterion for obtaining GreenMark certification

• Lightweight structure to mini-mize shadows cast onto the plant-ing below.

The solar protection system in detailThe external solar protection sys-tem integrating 25.000m² ofSoltis 92 screens was designed toensure the comfort of visitors,limit solar energy contributionand reduce air-conditioning con-sumption. A total of 419 outdoorretractable blinds made of Soltis92 screens are completely hiddenbeneath the building structuralarches, when not in use. A cablesystem tensions the 8x12m trian-gular blinds (average dimensions).The automated, individual blindcontrol system integrates an intel-ligent self-learning algorithm foradjusting the internal lightinglevel. The shading reduces solarheat gain by more than 30% whenpartially deployed and approxi-mately 70% when fully deployed.They can be deployed in an emer-gency to reduce solar heat gain in-side the building.

! Farid SAHNOUNE : farid.sahnoune@

sergeferrari.com : www.sergeferrari.com

CENO MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY GMBH

IntroductionWith the renovation of the business park of theenergy operator company Alliander theseemingly outdated real estate was revived in avery innovative way. Several of the existingbuildings were connected with one commonwaving roof into a closed complex of buildingscreating both: extra indoor space as well as a“greenhouse”, which allows the office to obtain apositive energy balance. The buildings are nowinterconnected by large walkways. Along thesewalkways a coffee bar, lounges and flexibleworkstations makes the open to the publicatrium the ultimate place for (informal)meetings. This atrium forms the beating heart ofthe building.

Skylights made of 3-layered ETFE cushionsTo create more natural light within the building,CENO produced and installed several skylights,made of ETFE-cushions. A total of 20 circularskylights with 6 different geometries were used.The sizes vary from 6.7m to 19.7m diameter.Overall, they provide a transparent area of1.714m² at a total roofed atrium area of about9.500m². The 3-layer cushions have two airchambers and the upper ETFE-layer is silver colorprinted to achieve the required G-value (Fig. 2 and 3). The cantilever of the new atrium roof is encasedwith white opaque fabric panels made of PVC-coated polyester fabric with PVDF-coating (Fig. 4). The wave design of the roof sets a new landmarkin the Netherlands.

Name of the project: New atrium with ETFE-skylightsLocation: Duiven, the NetherlandsOwner: AllianderClient: Boele & van Eesteren bv, RijkswijkYear of construction: 2014-2015Architects: Rau Architects ETFE-Skylights and covering for outer roof ceiling: CENO Membrane Technology GmbHMaterial ETFE skylights: thickness upper foil/middle foil/lower foil = 200/100/200mμ Covered area with ETFE 1.714m²Material cantilever: PVC coated Polyester Fabric Type II with PVDF-lacquering (white opaque)

Covered area with PVC/PES approx. 2.500m²

Duiven, the Netherlands

ETFE-SKYLIGHTS OF CENO TEC PROVIDE A NEW ATRIUM WITH LIGHT AND ATMOSPHERE

Figure 1. The new “waving” roofconnecting the 5 transformed buildings.Figure 2. The skylights made of 3-layeredETFE cushions seen from above. Figure 3. The waving roof with integratedETFE cushions.Figure 4. The waving roof made of whiteopaque fabric panels.

! Anne Bosse : anne.bosse@

sattler-global.com : www.ceno-tec.de

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“THE KEY”Newcastle University, UK

The Key is a revolutionary 'building as a lab', and is the first fabricstructure to be used as a heated work space in the UK. It is theuniversity’s first building on Science Central. Science Central isNewcastle's flagship project bringing together academia, thepublic sector, communities, business and industry. They aim to create a global centre for urban innovation in theheart of the city. The industrial site is transforming into anexemplar of urban sustainability, a ‘living laboratory’ where theywill trial innovative urban technologies.

The Key is a large-scale researchfacility with detailed environmen-tal and structural monitoring. It isthe culmination of 15 years’world-leading research on fabricstructures at Newcastle Univer-sity. It has been designed in col-laboration with Arup and _spaceArchitects. It links urban, sustainability anddigital themes. This furthers theworld-leading structural and ma-terials engineering research,

strengthening existing collabora-tions and building new ones. Aswell as providing a unique venuefor research, the building will alsobe used to showcase the ScienceCentral vision. The building has a sustainablestructure with minimal use of ma-terials and rapid construction/dismantling. The fabric and timberclad structure has been designedto have the smallest impact onthe environ ment. This aligns with

the vision for the site to becomean exemplar of sustainability.It has a high quality interior spacewith a curved ceiling reaching18m. This makes it suited to open-plan collaborative working. It alsoprovides an exciting space forevening events with projection onto the underside of the fabric roof.The insulated fabric roof aims tobe the first to meet current UKbuil ding regulations for energy ef-ficiency.


Rain Noise test apparatus and Sound insulation measurements for thin roofing elements at Textiles’ Hub Laboratory in Milan

For more info: http://www.polimi.it/en/scientific-research/research-structures/interdepartmental-laboratories/textiles-hub-interdepartmental-textiles-and-polymers-research-laboratory/

Starting from July 2016 the Interdepartmental Research Laboratory onTextile materials and Polymers at Polytechnic University of Milan hasbeen performing the Rain Noise Tests and sound insulationmeasurements on films and membranes and every kind of thin roofingsystem.The artificial drop apparatus, reproducing both Heavy and Intense Rain,is connected to a new acoustic room which was realized with thesupport of Knauf . An inclined roof sample of at most 3,5m x 4,5m can be tested, accordingto the standards ISO 10140-1:2010/Amd2: 2014 (Annex K), ISO 10140-5:2010/Amd1:2014 (Annex H) and ISO 15186-1:2000.

A building as a lab

ATTENDEES WILL HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO VISIT THE UNIVERSITY’S BUILDING, KNOWN AS THE KEY, THE FIRST FABRIC STRUCTURE TO BE USED AS A HEATED WORK SPACE IN THE UK.

Full details at : http://conferences.ncl.ac.uk/tensinet2016/programme/ : [email protected]

Novel structural skins The urban built environment is being transformedby building skins derived from textile architecture. Working from a basisof tensioned membranes, these highly efficient structural forms are nowbeing integrated with multi–disciplinary technologies to form new multi–functional systems that address the needs and global challenges of theurban built environment. The rapid emergence of lightweight buildingskins is in response to factors associated with climate change, energy, andworkplace health and well–being, and is directly linked to advances inmaterial development, analysis tools, and skills in design.The three day symposium is divided into five main topics, to be intro-duced by keynote speakers:• New applications of structural skins and new concepts• Sustainability and Life Cycle Analysis of structural skins• Building physics and energy performance of structural skins• Materials and analysis• From material to structure and limit states: codes and standardization

Jan Knippers: Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen,University of Stuttgart, Fibres Rethought – Towards Novel Construc-tional Articulation

Carl Maywald: Vector Foiltec GmbH, Bremen Sustainability – The Art ofModern Architecture

Raul Fangueiro: University of Minho, Martin Tamke: School of Architecture,Royal Danish Academy of Fine Art, Bespoke Materials for Bespoke TextileArchitecture

Gordon Mungall: Arup, Newcastle upon Tyne Unlocking the Potential ofInsulated Fabric

Jürgen Wacker: Wacker Ingenieure, Birkenfeld Wind Impact on TextileStructures

An Open Session:‘Built Projects’ is scheduled for the afternoon and evening of Wednesday26 October 2016 when prominent experts in the membrane architectureand engineering world will present their inspiring built projects todemonstrate to a wider audience the potential of lightweight structures.

Shajay Bhooshan: Zaha Hadid Office, London, Formfinding and TectonicArticulation – Making Performative Logics SpeakJulian Lienhard: str.ucture GmbH, Stuttgart, Pushing the Boundaries ofTextiles in ArchitectureTim Lucas: Price & Myers, London, Full Metal JacketAl Fisher: BuroHappold Engineering, London, How to Build Lightweight –Advances in Computational Engineering


NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY 26TH – 28TH OCTOBER TENSINET – COST ACTION TU1303 SYMPOSIUM 2016

IMPROVING SUSTAINABILITY AND EFFICIENCY THROUGH NEW STRUCTURAL TEXTILE MATERIALS AND DESIGNS


Day-care center Burgthann, Germany

SUSTAINABILITY TO THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN

KIEFER. TEXTILE ARCHITEKTUR

In addition to the comfort factor there must be achieved highdemands on energy efficiency and ecology. By environmental andeconomic advantages of the material, the membrane thereforeprovides an optimal solution.

ContextSince 2006, the demand for placesin day-care centers in themunicipality Burgthann has risencontinuously. To comply with thisdemand the number of nurseryplaces was expanded through anoutbuilding with about 260m² ofspace in three parts of themunicipality: Unterferriden,Oberferriden, Ezelsdorf.The community thereby put mainimportance on following principle"with few resources and as muchsustainability and effectivity aspossible", exactly like theguidelines of the integrated ruraldevelopment concept (ILEK) whichfaces the challenges of the futureby these attachments.Sustainability and effectiveness arealso very important in thefundamentals of K.TA and so thearchitects Graf Architekten GmbHfound a suitable planning officeand specialist in lightweightstructures and membraneconstruction with them.

ProjectIn the circular outbuilding, on anarea of about 260m² in total, arelocated two children group rooms,a relaxation room, a kitchen, atherapy room, a waiting room forparents as well as areas for staff,sanitary, storage, technology and acloakroom. The complex is coveredwith a high point membranestructure whereby the aestheticslooks like a circus tent.The supporting construction forthe roof forms a circular tubularsteel ring with a central supportwith high point ring. The outer ringis mounted on six fixed supportsand six articulated connections tothe building.

Figure 1. High point of the circus tent like day-care outbuilding.Figure 2. Circular outbuildings: view anddrawing. Figure 3. Construction details: membraneconnected to the steel frame.

On 12 projecting outward, radiallyarranged steel tubes, themembrane is punctually fastened.The centrally placed mainstay sitson the roof of the underlyingbuilding and is simply supported.To introduce the pre-stress, themembrane is stretched upwards atthe high point ring, which is fixedon the main support.The "circus tent" has a diameter ofabout 20m. The highest point islocated at a height of approx -imately 9m. Overall, 370m² ofmembrane material were neededfor the roofing of the buildingcomplex.Above all, the most importantindicator of the materialmembrane allowed the executionof the design - the low weight. Theoptimal tuning of the internalstress distribution and the externalload conditions, allows to coverwide open, column-free spaces,such as here, without much effort.Through the interaction of form,strength and material properties ofmembrane structures we canachieve a high load carryingcapacity, rigidity and stability ofthe supporting structure - and itcreates the opportunity to playwith a huge selection of greatvariety of shapes.

! Kathrin Kaltenbrunner: [email protected]: www.k-ta.de

www.arneggergmbh.de

Name of the project: Roofing for day-care centerLocation address: Mimberger Strasse 41, 90559 Burgthann, GermanyClient (investor): Municipal BurgthannFunction of construction: RoofingYear of construction: 2015Architect: Graf Architekten GmbHMain contractor: A. Arnegger GmbHStructural engineer: Kiefer. Textile ArchitekturManufacturer of steel: SB Metall- und Glasbau GmbHManufacturer of Membrane: A. Arnegger GmbHCutting Pattern Membrane: Kiefer. Textile ArchitekturInstallation: A. Arnegger GmbHMaterial: Material Valmex FR 1400Covered area: ca. 370m²

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Tensile structures as unifying element CLIMATIC ENVELOPE FOR THE NEW HEAD

OFFICE AND LEISURE FACILITIES

Esmeraldas, Ecuador

LOW AND BONAR (FORMERLY MEHLER TEXNOLOGIES)

ContextThe city of Esmeraldas on the westcoast of Ecuador is mostly knownfor its port and the head office ofFlopec, the state oil transport com-pany . Till now, the city’s seasidewas dominated by industrial sites.There was hardly any access to thesea for the population. Thatchanged significantly this year.After Flopec decided to build a newhead office building, the local mu-nicipalities succeeded in combiningthis with a development of urbanlandscaping. Finally Esmeralda’spopulation gets back its beaches.In between the coastline and thecity centre there is now not onlythe new office building but as welllots of recreation space, restau-rants, little shops and an open aircinema. In order to give a unifyingappearance to all these structuresthe designers used tensile struc-tures as common element. There isthe prominent wrap of the officebuilding on the one hand (Fig. 1)and a prismatic roof above therestaurant and shop structures onthe other hand (Fig. 2). In this thereis a show case of tensile architec-ture on Ecuador’s coastline.

StructureThe office building dominates thewhole area. Seeing it on a two di-mensional plan one could easilyguess that it blocks important

views on the ocean. In reality thebuilding is completely wrappedinto Mehler’s white mesh fabric.Therefore the façade smoothly in-tegrates into the color of the sky. Ahuge gap in the building’s groundfloor plan serves like a frame for theviews on the ocean. At the sametime it is a doorway for the peopleto the beach huts which lay directlybehind the paved area (Fig. 3).Structurally the architect JoseSaenz used a steel constructionwhich was first filled with the pri-mary façade. The opaque and glaz-ing fillings are equally shared. Infront of this climatic envelope liesthe secondary façade: a TF 400mesh, produced by MehlerTexnologies in Germany and man-ufactured by Preysi in Quito,Ecuador. Preysi is an experiencedfaçade developer on the one handand an expert in tensile construc-tions on the other hand. This com-bination was the optimum choicefor the 16.000m² wrap for Flopec.

MaterialThe chosen material is a brightwhite version of Mehler’s façademesh TF 400. The fabric serves as asun screen and wind shield. Beingso close to the equator, Esmeraldais facing an extremely bright sunlight. In order to avoid mechanical,individual sun shading systems thearchitect chose a universal wrap

for the whole building. At the sametime the mesh fabric reduces thewind loads significantly. Half of it iscarried by the primary, the otherby the secondary structure. Incombining these two functions, thearchitect introduced a unique ap-pearance to Esmeraldas’ coastlinewhich is unique in Ecuador at thesame time: Preysi engineered andmanufactured the biggest tensilefaçade in its country – maybe evenin South America.There is yet another side effectwhich comes on top of the func-tions mentioned above: duringnight time the TF400 façade servesas a cinema screen (Fig. 4). Thereare always lots of people gathering

on the beautifully landscapedareas around the building. Apartfrom the office building and theurban landscaping the architectJose Saenz designed one little hutwhich serves as projection point.People can sit on stalls facing thecinema façade of Flopec’s building.Buildings with an equal addedvalue for a city’s population out-side and the office personnel insideare rare!

! Katja BernertLow and bonar

: [email protected]: www.lowandbonar.com

www.mehgies.com/mta/

Name of the project: Las Palmas, EsmeraldasLocation address: Simon Plata Torres, Esmeraldas, EcuadorClient (investor): FlopecFunction of building: office building and leisureType of application of the membrane: mesh fabricYear of construction: 2016Architect: Mr. Jose SaenzContractor for the membrane (Tensile membrane contractor): Preysi, QuitoSupplier of the membrane material: Mehler Texnologies GmbH

(now Low and Bonar)Facade system: Facid tension SystemManufacture and installation: PreysiMaterial: TF 400Covered surface (wrapped area): 16.000m²

Figure 1. Aerial view of the Flopec new head office building in Esmeraldas © PreysiFigure 2. Restaurant area covered by a Type III material of Mehler Texnologies © PreysiFigure 3. Flopec head office building, the large doorway leads to the beach © PreysiFigure 4. Cinema projection on the Mehler’s TF 400 screen © Preysi

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IntroductionThe architects Fletcher Priestdesigned the new office building inthe East End of London’s City. Itreplaces an eight-storey buildingerected in the 1980s. Thearchitects used 50% of the existingbuilding fabric for the conversion,including the foundations. The eyecatcher of the 21.370m² building,which is small in comparison withits neighbours, is the roof garden.Stretching over it is a baldachinmade of Texlon® ETFE filmcushions that is open on two sides.The support structure of thebaldachin is continued as adiamond shaped network fivefloors below on the south side ofthe building, where it is easilyvisible from the street. Specialattention has been payed to solarcontrol for to provide maximumcomfort even during hot summerdays by applying a highly reflectiveTexlon® print pattern (DM 4:65light) to the inner side of the outerlayer.

Curved ETFE cushion structureAccording to the design of thearchitects the cushion structurehas to be two dimensionallycurved. An enhanced number ofwelding seams for the cushions atthe edges of the baldachin allowedfor a smooth Texlon® ETFE cushionsurfaces without any wrinkles. Inorder to achieve a smooth cushionsurface avoiding any wrinkles.Figure 3 shows the seam design of

the cushions for both outer andinner cushion foils. The overall areacovered by the Texlon® System is1390m².

Water and snow loadsIn order to not allow for water orsnow ponding the load distributionhas been carefully calculated foreach cushion of the flat roof,whereas special attention has beenpayed to the central part as well as

to the curved cushions at the edgeof the roof. Figure 4 shows the loaddistribution due to water for acurved edge cushion at theperimeter of the flat roof. For 90m²of the center cushions snow wireshad to be installed. Figure 5 showsthe central cushions as well as themoderate vertical exaggeration ofthe roof center which allowed fordefined direction of water flow. Forcontrolled drainage of the roofspecial rain water outlets havebeen designed and installed incertain areas, which is shown infigure 6 and 7.

Resistant to pigeon droppingsand self-cleaningFilms for the air-supportedcushions are made of the high-performance material DyneonETFE, from which NowofolKunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co.KG extruded NOWOFLON® ET6235Z films. The Siegsdorf-basedcompany's product rangeencompasses ETFE films in


DYNEON

VECTOR FOILTEC

The "Gherkin" has made architectural history and dominates London's skyline. A counterpoint to it isset by a directly neighbouring, much smaller 16 storey office building. London's highest all-weathergarden with an area of about 400m² is located on the roof: visitors are protected against wind andweather by a baldachin engineered and installed by Vector Foiltec. The foils for transparent Texlon®cushions are extruded from the high performance material 3M Dyneon Fluoroplastic ETFE.

6 BEVIS MARKS LONDON'S HIGHEST ALL-WEATHER ROOF GARDEN

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London, UK TRANSPARENT BALDACHIN MADE OF ETFE FILM CUSHIONS

LETS SMALL BUILDING STAND OUT

A P E T I S E R U P C O M I N G S Y M P O S I U M 2 0 1 6K E Y N O T E S P E A K E R C A R L M A Y W A L D


thicknesses from 12μm to 400μmin all RAL colours. The weight perunit area is just one twentieth ofthat of glass. Weight saving was animportant criterion, since thefoundations of the building -previously only half as tall -remained unchanged. The highly transparent films allowvisible light and the UV-A radiationthat is important for plant growthto pass through virtually withouthindrance. The visitors can thusenjoy an unhampered view ofLondon's City. ETFE has an almost

universal resistance to chemicals. Iteven resists, for example, theaggressive pigeon droppings thatare omnipresent in London. Thematerial is so smooth that anormal rain shower is sufficient foreffective cleaning. That lowers theoperating costs over the entirelifetime.

Components manufacturedusing 3D printingSkanska UK designed andmanufactured the supportstructure. Measuring 33mx25m,

the U-shaped baldachin projectswell beyond the floor area of theroof garden and thus effectivelyprotects visitors to the gardenfrom the rain. Figure 8 gives animpression of the supportingstructure, consisting of eighthollow columns with a diameter of355mm each. Up to seven supportarms project from the columns andcreate a tree like look, which isshown for one column.Components manufactured using3D printing was used here for thefirst time in the constructionindustry. The components printedfrom architectural nylon cover thetransitions from the columns tothe support arms, creating asmooth transition.The 4x4m film cushions inserted inthe steel structure were made upby Vector Foiltec GmbH - a pioneer

and world market leader instructural film construction. TheTexlon® ETFE cushion system isdesigned to cope with high windand snow loads. The tensilestrength of films made of DyneonETFE can go up to 50N/mm² andthe elongation at break is morethan 300 percent. Over more thanthree decades, the material hasproven to be extremely durableand resistant in all climatic zones.

! Judith Seifert: [email protected]! Helmut Frisch: [email protected]: www.dyneon.eu

! Carl Maywald: carl.maywald@

vector-foiltec.com: www.vector-foiltec.com

Figure 1. Aerial views of the highestall-weather garden © Edward Hill – SaentysFigure 2. Amazing view taken fromunder the transparent baldachin © Vector FoiltecFigure 3: ETFE seam design © Vector Foiltec Figure 4: Load distribution fortriangular cushion at the perimeterof the flat roof © Vector FoiltecFigure 5: Snow wires at the centercushions and 3D printed knots forthe supporting structure © Vector FoiltecFigure 6: 5ain water outlet and pipe© Vector FoiltecFigure 7: Rain water outlet © Vector Foiltec

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★★★★★BREEAM category “Excellent”

With regard to sustainability, 6 Bevis Marks achieves the category"Excellent" according to the widely used BREEAM certificationmethod. The film cushion baldachin has also contributed to that,because the Texlon® System was certified with the world´s firstEnvironmental Product Declaration (EPD) for transparent buildingskins. Thanks to the low weight it was possible to give the supportstructure a much more slender and resource saving design than inthe case of glazing. On top of that, Dyneon ETFE requires nosofteners during production and is completely recyclable. Duringproduction of the ETFE cushions at Vector Foiltec 100% of the cut-off is recycled. The recycled material is reused to produce flexiblepipes and valves for the Texlon® System, thus taking care for theenvironment by reducing the amount of raw material required.

Name of the project: 6 Bevis Marks Location address: Bury Court, London, UKClient (investor): AXA / BlackRock / CORE / Wells FargoFunction of building: baldachin for all-weather roof gardenType of application of the membrane: Texlon ETFE film cushionsYear of construction: 2014Architects: Fletcher Priest ArchitectsStructural engineers: David DexterConsulting engineer for the membrane: Vector Foiltec GmbHContractor for the membrane: Vector Foiltec GmbHSupplier of the membrane: Nowofol Kunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co KGManufacture and installation: Texlon® ETFE system by Vector Foiltec Membrane material: 3M™Dyneon™ Fluoroplastic ET 6235ZOverall covered area: 1390m²


ARTICLEREPORT

The lightweight design approachJürgen Hennicke, IL - University of Stuttgart &Vienna University of Technology.

Jürgen Hennicke addressed the lightweight de-sign approach to design inspired by nature andby history, illustrated by his invaluable 100slide collection. More than 50 ideas comingfrom the research conducted at the former ILInstitute, Stuttgart were shown: tents, velaria,nets, spider webs, yurts, cantilevers, false arcs,arches, snails, radiolaria, grid shells, pneumat-ics, bubbles, hot air balloons, the Stonehenge’sring, trees, ramification, suspended chains,tubes, prestressed membranes, humps andfunnels, among many others.In conclusion, lightweight structures were con-sidered as a way to build in accordance withthe principles of stability, utility, beauty, andsustainability in order to shelter people, to re-cycle materials, and to compensate for 60% ofthe natural resources consumed for buildingconstruction.An impressive example of the application ofthese principles is the pneumatic gridshell“PlusMinus,” made of inflated film tubes flexi-bly connected, and completed for stability andrigidity by two shell films vacuum sealedabove and below the tube latticework (Fig. 1).PlusMinus is a project initiated by students ofthe University of Stuttgart, Architecture Fa-culty, Institute for Lightweight Structures andConceptual Design, in cooperation with theBionic Learning Network of Festo.

PathologyJosep Llorens, School of Architecture, Barcelona.

Josep Llorens’ presentation was based on theidea that failures are a source of knowledgethat help to prevent future troubles. Failures intensile structures can be due to:- material failures, usually due to an inade-

quate resolution of requirements and proper-ties.

- the design is responsible for the resultantflatness (Fig. 2), lack of prestress, or an inad-equate shape, resistance, or detailing.

- the installation process involves stability is-sues, provisional situations, and the finalshape.

- final use does not always correspond to thedesign specifications. Maintenance is neces-sary in order to keep the structure clean andto preserve the effects of pre-tensioning.

The responsibility of failure prevention lieswith the owner, designer, manufacturer,builder, supplier, or users. All of the agentsshould be involved.

Innovative materials for tensile roofs and acousticFarid Sahnoune - Serge Ferrarihttp://en.sergeferrari.com/

Farid Sahnoune began his speech by present-ing the highly durable and recyclable new ma-terial “Précontraint TX30,” the latestgeneration of flexible composites from SergeFerrari, developed especially to guarantee auseful life of over 30 years for benchmark pro-ject roofing. In contrast to conventional technologies, thematerial is “crosslinked,” using a reticulatedprocess which to date has been used exclusi-

vely to produce rigid materials. Its ability towithstand oxidation over the long term en-sures that its structural and aesthetic proper-ties remain unimpaired for decades.The next point addressed was the Texylooptechnology used to recycle polyester-PVCflexible composite materials that produces se-condary raw materials of high intrinsic value,compatible with multiple processes. In recy-cling, the impact is reduced by 50% in compa-rison to incineration or landfilling.In the last part of his presentation Farid Sah-noune referred to Batyline Aw, a varnishedPVC-coated cloth for acoustic ceilings andwalls. Its calibrated micro-texture ensures itssound absorption performance characteristics,resulting in a fine, lightweight, and compactmaterial that achieves highly uniform acousticbehavior, ranging from treble to bass sounds.The material also achieves significant reductionin reverberation time, adapting to comfort re-quirements for buildings receiving the public(Fig. 3). It absorbs 65% of sound, transmits41% of light, and protects from solar heat (-59%) and glare beneath a glass roof or facade.

Computational modelling of lightweightstructuresJürgen Holl, technet GmbH? http://technet-gmbh.de/index.php?id=74&L=1

“All models are wrong, some are useful“ quotedJürgen Holl in his introduction to the need formodelling. Models are abstractions or partialviews of the reality that represent approxi-mately the object’s main features, includingthe connections among them, but he empha-sized that they are not definitive. He men-tioned physical and computer models,indicating that the latter allow for analysisthat would be impossible to perform by othermeans, but they need to be sufficiently cor-rect, precise, and complete. The modellingpresentation was illustrated with hybrid sys-tems, pneumatic structures, reinforced airhalls, multi-chamber cushions, and textilehalls.Computational modelling has been recentlyrefined with the introduction of shear and

Textile Roofs 2016, the twenty-first International Workshop on the Design and Practical Realisa-tion of Architectural Membranes, took place on 2–4 May, 2016 at the Archenhold ObservatoryBerlin, and was chaired by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rosemarie Wagner (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,KIT) and Dr.-Ing. Bernd Stary (Berlin Academy of Architectural Membrane Structures,AcaMem). It was attended by 77 participants from 19 countries covering four continents. Onceagain, the attendance demonstrated the success of the event, which has become firmly estab-lished since it was first held in 1995.

TEXTILE ROOFS 2016 BERLIN

Figure 1. “PlusMinus” inflated gridshell. University ofStuttgart, leichtbaukunst & FESTO.Figure 2. The sag being equivalent to 30% of the spanamplifies the load by 1,30. The sag being equivalent to 5% ofthe span amplifies the load by 5,10.Figure 3. With Batyline Aw by Serge Ferrari, in the Vaujany iceskating ring the reverberation time has been reduced from7,7s to 1,8s.

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crimp stiffness that steers the different behav-iour under load with different material direc-tions. Regarding the definition of the form,Jürgen Holl stressed once again that the formis not free because equilibrium depends on theprestressed state and the boundary conditions.The analytical form finding can be based onthe force density method and the non-linearstatic analysis includes the membrane, cables,struts, and the bending of stiff elements. Thisinclusion of all elements involved has shownto yield favourable results because thechanges in shape caused due to deformationsgenerally result in smaller membrane stresses.The speaker also commented on the cuttingpattern generation, its influential factors,compensation, verification, adjustments, cut-ting drawings, seam allowances, weldingmarks, visualisation, export to cutting ma-chines and automatic patterning for cones,saddles, and air halls (see previous TR Reportsat http://www.textile-roofs.de).He finally invited the audience to experiencean “easy” modelling hands-on development ofpractical case studies in an informal tutorialworkshop.

Light architectureMustafa Rasch, SL Rasch GmbH:http://www.sl-rasch.com/

The special guest lecture was given by MustafaRasch. He reviewed the career of his father,who followed the path of his grandfather, andgave special mention to his collaboration withFrei Otto. Among the works presented, um-brellas were examples of the most representa-tive and evolved. They started from theumbrellas of Kassel 1955, Pink Floyd 1977, the

solar powered umbrellas 1987, Madinah 1991and 2011, Texas 2013, the U53 umbrella 2016,and the future project for the Schlossplatz inStuttgart. He revealed that the biggest um-brellas don’t fit into the stereotypical classifi-cation of lightweight structures (Fig. 4).

Wind loads on fabric structures and corresponding dynamic responseMartin Zaschke, Wacker Ingenieure:http://www.wacker-ingenieure.de/

Wacker Ingenieure is a spin-off company ofthe Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, spe-cialised in wind load analysis of special con-struction not covered directly by buildingstandards, such as high-rise buildings, stadiumroofs, towers, photovoltaic panels, cathedralspires, and fabric roofs.Wind effects are often decisive and unique formembrane roof design, with wind tunnel tes-ting being the most exact and affordable toolto gather raw data with subsequent dynamicand statistical computations, used to obtainoptimized and safe load distributions for thestructural engineer (Fig. 5). When performingwind load analyses, the task of Wacker Inge-nieure consists of analysing the effects of thewind to consider whether the deformationsare significant and that they require feedback(a common situation with flexible structures).The final aim is to provide design-relevantpeak values of target variables, e.g., maximumuplift or maximum internal stress.Martin Zaschke ended his lecture stating thatthe sooner the wind engineer is involved in thestructural planning in an early stage, the grea-ter the optimization potential is.

Development of transparent textile struc-tures for applications in architectureRosemarie Wagner, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Rosemarie Wagner presented a research con-cerning “ETTLIN black,” a fabric for exterioruse which is UV-resistant and fade-resistant.The research was conducted at the KarlsruheInstitute of Technology. (http://www.ettlin-textiles.de/produkte/gewebe/ettlin-black).Objectives of the research and developmentwere the applications of double-curved mem-branes in architecture, the optimization of ma-terial choices and functional properties of theproduct, its mechanical behaviour, and detail-ing. The investigation was completed with thedesign of a prototype of a modular canopy forparking lots (Fig. 6).

Tensioned fabric structures design guideASCE/SEI 2913Maqsood Ahmed, Specialty Structures, Am-herst: http://www.specialtystructuresusa.com/contact.html

Maqsood Ahmed began summarizing theguide edited by C. G. Huntington and publi-shed by ASCE: “Tensile fabric structures. Des-ign, analysis and construction.” He emphasizedthat certain recommendations and rules areneeded to prevent the loss of faith in the fabricindustry, and consequent revenues, becauselow performers face the risk of failures, litiga-tion in courts, and bankruptcy, resulting in thedisappointment of building authorities andclients. He proclaimed the following verdict:“Not everyone who can afford a welding ma-chine can become a fabric specialty contractor.“The guide covers the history and developmentof fabric structures, the design process, charac-teristics of fabrics and foils, loads, form finding,structural analysis, detailing, non-structuralperformance, manufacture (including patter-ning), and installation. It is completed by aglossary of terms, a reference to wind tunneltests, and bibliography.He dedicated the second part of the lecture tospecial structures that combine fabric withother materials. “When a costumer asks for anapple, you can offer a fruit salad,“ was his phi-losophy. His firm “Specialty Structures USA”aims to bridge the gap between architects andengineers, connecting creative designs withspecialty contractors across the world, helping

REPORT

Figure 4. The umbrella of 53m in diameter is no longer alightweight structure (Bodo Rasch).Figure 5. Wacker Ingenieure wind tunnels.Figure 6. A prototype of a modular canopy for parking lotsdeveloped at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

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ARTICLEREPORT

creative ideas get built, and making innova-tions affordable. In summary, they turn ideasinto reality, blending art with structural design.His bold ideas were profusely illustrated withexamples that partially met the expectationsgenerated by the presentation (Fig. 7).

Details in membrane architecture. “My way to enthusiasm.”Horst Dürr, Tensile Evolutionwww.tensileevolution.com/html/about.html

With a series of questions, Horst Dürr caughtthe interest of the audience in detailing textileroofs. His aim was to awake the interest inwhat has transpired so far and what is ex-pected in the future. He emulated Albert Ein-stein with his assertion “the important thing isto not stop questioning,“ particularly the six keywords: who? what? where? when? how? andwhy?, which he reminded were the six honestmanservants who taught Rudyard Kipling all heknew. He considered the need for viewingthings in new ways or from different perspec-tives in order to be creative, and to generatenew possibilities and alternatives.Detailing is a part of the design process wherecertain problems are solved. The process startsby clarifying the problems, which evolve bymeans of ideas, opinions, beliefs, plans, or men-tal pictures that have to be evaluated and fi-nally realized. The result is a complex whole,whose components are arranged according to

their requirements. As an illustration of his en-thusiastic and creative method, Horst Dürr pre-sented the design of a corner, combiningmembranes, reinforcements, pockets, belts,turnbuckles, seams, Keder, and cables (Fig. 8).The total cost was also estimated starting fromthe detailed list of quantities of all parts involved,and multiplying them by their unit costs.The speaker finally invited the audience to pro-vide some ideas about their interests and toparticipate in the Seminar: “Idea-sketch-model-ff-presentation model” this coming October 2016: [email protected].

New structuresGregor Grunwald, Pfeifer Systemshttp://www.pfeifer.de

Pfeifer Systems is specialised in movable, re-tractable, convertible building systems, offer-ing innovative solutions for the development,design, and construction of special drive tech-nology and transport solutions. Primary func-tions are the development, design, andconstruction of these drive and control sys-tems of large-scale shelters, based on in-houseFEM calculations. The company expanded withthe incorporation of Covertex, in July 2015.Gregor Grunwald showed some remarkableworks: the Msheireb retractable roof in theheart of Doha, Qatar (TensiNews 29, p.14), theRosa Parks Transit Center in Detroit(http://www.archdaily.com/30880/rosa-parks-

transit-center-ftl-design-engineering-studio)and the ASU Skysong Innovation Center,Scottsdale, Arizona (http://www.fabritecstruc-tures.com/portfolio-asu-skysong-innovation-center-scottsdale-az)

Imagine tomorrow. Replacement and renovation of textile structuresAlexander Rüther, CENO Membrane Techno-logy GmbH: www.ceno-tec.de.

The presentation of Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Rütherwas truly instructive. His main theme was“Imagine Tomorrow.“ When designing andbuilding textile projects, various constructionmaterials with different life spans are used inone single project. This causes the need for re-placement of at least the fabric parts in manyprojects. Apart from the lifespan of the differ-ent materials, other factors that cause theneed for replacement include improper designor handling, and even vandalism. Several examples were shown including theMunich Airport Center, a PTFE-coated glass-fibre fabric where 5 of 7 existing panels werereplaced while the airport was in full service(Fig. 9).Conclusions were twofold: 1) the life span of PTFE-coated glass-fibre fab-ric is longer in principle, but glass fibres arevery sensitive to handling and transportation. 2) “Think about tomorrow”: consider the re-quirement of future replacements in the design.

Technical membranes market in Potugal.Antonio Galhardo, APG Coberturaswww.apgcoberturas.com

APG started its activity in the production oftarpaulins and covers for trucks in 1958 underthe hand of its founder, Mr. Abel Pereira Gon-çalves. The company grew considerably, beco-ming the market leader from 1973 onwards.Referrals of their products created the need toexpand the range into areas that until thenwere unexplored. They asserted the ability toimplement any project in the area of textile ar-chitecture using recyclable materials that havehigh aesthetic beauty, longevity, efficiency,and low costs.

Figure 7. Sharafi PHB Architects: Shading elements. City hospital, Dubai.Figure 8. Corner detail. Horst Dürr.Figure 9. Replacement of the PTFE coated glass fibre fabric of the Munich Airport Centre.Figure 10. ETFE cushions of the “Dolce Vita Tejo” shopping mall in Lisboa replaced by PVC coated polyester fabric.

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Their best credentials are the works they’vedone in textile architecture, tents, covers, fa-çades, ceilings, advertising, and transport. Themost surprising work that Antonio Galhardopresented was the replacement of ETFE byPVC-coated polyester for the 10x10m cushionsof the “Dolce Vita Tejo” shopping mall in Lis-bon (Fig. 10). Could the replacement of ETFEcushions be considered a new market potentialfor PVC-coated polyester?

Report on current gmp Architekten projectsMartin Glass, gmp Architekten.http://www.gmp-architekten.de.

Martin Glass began his talk by pointing outthat despite what the title says, he could notshow ongoing projects due to a lack of permis-sion. Nevertheless, he showed once again awealth of past projects, summarizing theirmain characteristics, available at the website.

The art and the materialBenoit Legall, BHD Grouphttp://www.bhd.fr/

Benoit Legall presented his company BHD, aleading industrial group in the transformation oftechnical textiles for the protection of peopleand goods. BHD is a group of 26 subsidiaries,each of which has specialist expertise in one ormore sectors. Given the wide range of skills ofits subsidiaries, the BHD group offers uniqueand dependable specialists in Europe. Its areas ofexpertise and business sectors are: textile architecture, signage, advertising and construc-tion, industry, transport, aviation, civil, environ-ment, agriculture, sport, outdoor, and eventprotections. He highlighted two recent works:the Nice and Lyon stadiums (Figs. 11 and 12).

Fascination for textiles and light!Structure and sculptureLaars Meeb-Olsohn, leichtbaukunsthttp://leichtbaukunst.de/

Laars Meeb-Olsohn presented an overview ofhis projects that show striking temporary in-stallations for tradeshows and events, combin-ing light and membranes (Fig. 13). TheRiverside Lounge of Light was a light installa-tion for the light art festival LUMINALE 2016,Frankfurt, between 13 and 18 March, 2016.Square and diamond-shaped screens werecombined. The LOOPS pavilion, BAU 2011 Munich, introduced innovative products andservices around the light and membrane con-struction.

Architectural design of lightweight membrane structuresRobert Roithmayr, formfinderhttp://www.formfinder.at

Robert Roithmayr introduced his “formfinder”software. He started mentioning the artisticand architectural concepts hidden behindsketched ideas or fillings. In fact, “formfinder”starts from a hand-drawn sketch that was ex-amined in terms of its physical, geometrical,and architectural characteristics. The design iscompared with projects, materials, and detailsthat have been implemented as a database. Asan example of application, Robert Roithmayrshowed the Palma Aquarium canopy to guidepeople into the building (Fig. 14). He consid-ered it as something new that could not havebeen constructed with concrete.

Joint participant projectStev Bringmann, 3dtex GmbH.

Starting from the design, the entire manufac-turing and installation process of a four-pointsail was carried out during the TR 2016 Work-shop (Figs. 15 to18). Phases involved were:“easy” modelling (form finding, structuralanalysis, and patterning), manufacture, foun-dations, assembly (masts, edge cables, cornerplates, erection, and tensioning), and discus-sion (general design aspects, form, patterning,and detailing).

The Student’s project week was led by ProfDr.-Ing. Rosemarie Wagner between May 2nd

and May 4th 2016 in parallel to the main eventof Textile Roofs Workshop. The topic this yearwas an outdoor, self-transportable shade/res-ting place. It is discussed in another article ofTensiNews.

! Josep Llorens ETSAB/UPC

: [email protected]

Figure 11. Nice Stadium. End customer: City of Nice. Generalcontractor: VINCI. Architect: Willemotte, Paris. Material:20.000m2, 1002 Fluotop T2. Fabrication time: 7.000 hours.Installation time: 5 months (8 people).Figure 12. Lyon Stadium: End customer: Olympique Lyonnais.General contractor: VINCI. Architect: Populous, London.Material: 20.000m2 1202 TX 30. Fabrication time: 15.000 hours.Installation time: 7 months (15 people).Figure 13. Psychedelic stage by “leichtbaukunst”.Figure 14. Palma Aquarium (www.iaso.es)Figures 15 to 18. Installation of the four-point sail at theArchenhold Observatory garden.

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The Twenty-second International Workshop on the Design and Practical Realisation of Ar-chitectural Membrane Structures will be held on 15-17 May 2017. Its format will be similarto that of TR 2016, with seminar-style lectures and hands-on activities. It will be precededby the student seminar and sponsored by Serge Ferrari, Pfeifer and technet, and supportedby TensiNet, KIT and gmp. http://www.textile-roofs.de.


ANNOUNCEMENT

Essener Membranbau Symposium 2016 September 30th 2016The Institute for Metal and Lightweight Structures of the University of Duisburg-Essen organizes the Essener Membranbau Symposium for the third time this year.The objective of the symposium is the exchange between membrane experts in the fields of research,design and execution. The presentations consider up-to-date topics of particular interest: Overview over the state of the art in the standardization work, design oriented determination of stiffness parameters for fabrics, convertible structures, relation between location and membrane structure, analogies to cable structures, specifics about building supervisory procedures for approval in Germany as well as an outlook on the future of membrane structures.

University of Duisburg-Essen Glaspavillon Campus Essen Faculty of Engineering - Department of Civil Engineering, Universitätsstraße 12 - 45141 Essen

Information and registration:: www.uni-due.de/iml/: [email protected]

FabriTec Structures and Guard-All Building Solutions partner with PFEIFER´s business unit, Cable Structures

PFEIFER Seil- und Hebetechnik GmbH(Germany), with its business unit, CableStructures, the world leader in the design,manufacturing and construction ofarchitectural cable structures has acquired anownership interest in the Dallas, Texas basedFabriTec Structures and Guard-All BuildingSolutions. Last year, German-based PFEIFERacquired the Shanghai-based Covertex, anindustry leader in PTFE, PVC and ETFEmembrane manufacturing and in March 2016acquired Austrian-based ErneuEner-Plus (nowPFEIFER Systems), a specialist in retractableand movable structures.By combining these new acquisitions, PFEIFER,with its rich history and enduring 400-year-long reputation, is creating a globalorganization with unparalleled technical and

commercial experience and manufacturingresources. These new alliances will furtherenhance PFEIFER Group’s capabilities toundertake large iconic projects around theworld. "With this acquisition we are now theonly specialty construction company in theworld with the capabilities and experience tomanufacture cables, stainless steel hardware,structural steel as well as membranefabrication on a very large scale and a team todesign, supply and install retractable andmovable systems. By combining our resources,together with our technical, commercial,manufacturing and installation capabilities, wehave the ability to execute a wide range ofprojects from small and simple to very largeand complex effectively." said Mr. GerhardPfeifer, President of the PFEIFER Group. "This

new strategic alliance with PFEIFER will allowFabriTec to achieve its long term goal… tobecome the preferred vendor on major iconicstadium projects throughout North and SouthAmerica, as well as providing PFEIFER withadditional resources for its other globalpursuits.“ said Mr. Basil Haymann, Chairman ofFabriTec Structures.: PFEIFER Seil- und Hebetechnik

www.pfeifer.infoFabriTec Structures, LLC

www.fabritecstructures.comGuard-All Building Solutions

www.guard-all.comPFEIFER Covertex

www.covertex.com.cnPFEIFER Systems

www.pfeifer-systems.at


DYNEON

ContextThe U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota is the first sportsstadium in the USA featuring a transparent roof construction with high-performance films extruded from 3M Dyneon Fluoroplastic ETFE.Outside temperatures of minus 30 degrees are usual during the AmericanFootball season from September to the beginning of February. Therefore,only closed stadiums are the only choice in the north of the USA. In orderto create a genuine open-air atmosphere at least in summer, architectshave often made use of movable, but expensive roofs in the past. The ETFEfilm cushion technology, which is already widespread in Europe and Asia,was used for the first time in the US by the HKS Architects for theconstruction of the new multi-purpose stadium in Minneapolis, thuslowering the construction costs by around USD 100 million as comparedto a retractable roof.

Insulating air cushions lower operating costs Round about 75 three-layer ETFE film cushions cover the total roof andfacade area of 22.000m². Some of the individually air filled cushions aremore than 110m long and around 3m wide. The top film is printed with ageometric pattern, which scatters the sunlight and prevents a greenhouseeffect in summer. In winter, the film roof protects the interior from thecold outside temperatures. The film cushions manufactured from 3M Dyneon ETFE allow 95 percentof the daylight to pass through, but their weight is only about five percentthat of glass. As a result, the supporting steel structure can be particularlylight and slender and offers all spectators an optimum view of the playingfield.

Durable and flame resistant The entrance consists of five giant glass doors, which are over 30m inheight and remain open in summer. Vector Foiltec built the filmconstruction that joins onto them. With 14 offices worldwide, VectorFoiltec covers the entire spectrum from the conception to the supportstructure planning and from the manufacturing of the cushions to theirinstallation. The films are extruded from 3M Dyneon ETFE by NowofolKunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co. KG, NOWOFLON® ET 6235Z films areavailable in thicknesses from 80 to 400 microns. Nowofol produces thefilms in a wide range of RAL colours as well as in transparent and,completely new, in an infrared absorbing variant. The films conform to fireprotection class B1 (according to DIN 4102), which is an importantcriterion – not just in the USA.

Designed for high snow loadsThe architects and the roof planners paid particular attention to the loadbearing capability under high snow loads, because the roof of theMetrodome, the predecessor building that was only half as large, collapsedin December 2010 under the heavy load of more than half a meter of snow.ETFE films feature very good values for tear strength, resistance to tearpropagation and puncture resistance which let the air filed cushions easilycope with highly concentrated impact loads like hail. Their use in northernEurope and the Alps proves their winter compatibility, even in areas withheavy snowfall. The asymmetric roof is inclined more towards the north inorder to fend the snow off. Due to their anti-adhesive surface, the films areso smooth that snow can hardly get a grip at all and slides off - in an almostcontrolled manner. A heavy rain shower is enough to clean it.

3M is Scientific Partner of the Vikings In May 2016, 3M has been named the official scientific partner of theMinnesota Vikings. More than 50 innovative 3M products were used in theconstruction of the stadium. For instance, numerous fire protectionsolutions come from 3M, as does the equipment for the first-aid stations.

! Judith Seifert: [email protected]! Helmut Frisch: [email protected]: www.dyneon.eu

Name of the project: U.S. Bank StadiumLocation address: Minneapolis, USAClient (investor): Minnesota Sports Facilities AuthorityFunction of building: multi-purpose stadiumType of application of the membrane: ETFE cushionsYear of construction: 2015Architects: HKS ArchitectsStructural engineers: Thornton TomasettiContractor for the membrane: Vector Foiltec GmbHSupplier of the membrane: Nowofol Kunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co. KGManufacture and installation: Texlon® ETFE system by Vector FoiltecMembrane material: 3M™Dyneon™ Fluoroplastic ET 6235ZOverall area: 22.000m²

Minnesota, USA

FIRST SPORTS STADIUM IN THE USAWITH LIGHTWEIGHT ETFE FILM ROOF


ContextAfter the topping-out ceremony inJanuary 2015 for the redesign ofthe building complex of the Fleis-ch werke Zimmermann GmbH &Co.KG, a medium size company inThannhausen (Bayern, Ger many),construction already was com ple -ted in spite of the specific needsand requirements because ofpreser vation order in December2015. “With ‘much empathy’ archi-tect Egon Kunz managed to realizea modern structure, al though theold buildings was de molished butreconstructed historically” writesthe Augsburger Allgemeine.

A roof for the courtyardThe courtyard of the building complex was covered with an approxi- mately 10x30m cushion foil con-struction. The primary supportingstructure are 13 paral lel, with a dis-tance of about 2,5m each, arran gedsteel arches. These are connectedwith steel pipes at the longitudinalsides to a frame. Every second steelarch is placed on two approx. 7 to8,2m high steel co lumns (Fig 1).The height differs because thecolumns are adapted to the slopeof the courtyard. On the long sidesadditional cross braces are needed.These are designed as trusses ofsteel tubes with a smaller diameter(Fig. 2). The entire steel structure actsstraight, slim and well thought out.The ratio of steel to foil is optimal,so that neither of the two materialswill disappear in the shadow of theother. Also the consideration of thecomplete structure, means thecombination of steel and foil formsa pleasant contrast to the existingbuildings, but nevertheless createsa har monious transition from "old"to "modern".The foil cushions are fixed with arevolving, double-sided clamping

profile and then biased pneumatically. In total, the constructionconsists of 12 foil cushions (Figs. 3and 4). Each cushion has a supplyair and exhaust air valve and ispowered by a single, higher-levelair supply

Choosing the appropriate material ETFE foil, as material that was chosen for the courtyard roofing, is a relatively young, ambitiousbuilding material, which could

make career as a transparent tech-nology for roofs and facades.Above all, the low weight, the highsurface tension or the harnessing ofroof and facade surfaces for light-ing, solar cells or promotional of-fers tremendous advantages overother materials.

! Kathrin Kaltenbrunner: [email protected]: www.k-ta.de

KIEFER. TEXTILE ARCHITECTUR

Name of the project: Roofing inner courtyardLocation address: E.-Zimmernann-Strasse 29, 86470 Thannhausen, GermanyClient (investor): Zimmermann E. GmbH & Co.KGFunction of construction: RoofingYear of construction: 2015Architect: Egon Kunz ArchitektenMain contractor: CENO Membrane Technology GmbHStructural engineer: Kiefer. Textile ArchitekturManufacturer of steel: Windhorst Stahl- und Metallbau GmbHManufacturer of ETFE: CENO Membrane Technology GmbHCutting Pattern ETFE: Kiefer. Textile ArchitekturInstallation: Montageservice LB GmbHMaterial: ETFE-foil 250μmCovered area: ca. 310m²

Custom-fit sits the cushion foil roof in the courtyard surrounded of monumental existing buildings.

Thannhausen,Germany

OF THE FLEISCHWERKE ZIMMERMANN GMBH & CO.KG

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Figure 1. Inner court roofing / Figure 2. Sideview / Figure 3. Framework and membrane.© Roland Borgmann FotografieFigure 4. Construction detail – cushions andtheir connection to the structure.


Name of the project: TRABZON AKYAZI STADIUM Location address: TRABZON/ TURKEY Client (investor): HOUSING DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION OF TURKEY (TOKİ) Function of building: SPORT COMPLEX Year of construction: 2015 Architects: ADNAN AKSU Multi-disciplinary engineering: ERDUMAN ENGINEERING OFFICE Structural engineers: ERDUMAN ENGINEERING OFFICE Consulting engineer for the membrane: TENSAFORM MEMBRANE STRUCTURES

INDUSTRY &TRADE INC.

Engineering of the controlling mechanism: HOUSING DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION OF TURKEY (TOKİ)

Main contractor: SARIDAĞLAR- STY- YETAŞ CONSORTIUM Contractor for the membrane (Tensile membrane contractor): TENSAFORM

MEMBRANE STRUCTURES INDUSTRY &TRADE INC. Supplier of the membrane material: SAINT GOBAIN Manufacture and installation: TENSAFORM MEMBRANE STRUCTURES INDUSTRY

& TRADE INC. Material: SAINT GOBAIN SHERFILL II Covered surface (roofed area): Apprx. 46.600m²

TEXTILE ROOF AND FACADE FOR THE

Introduction The Akyazi Stadium will be built ona piece of artificially created landof almost 800.000m² on the shoreof the Black Sea in the Akyazi area,located on the west side of the cityof Trabzon. The stadium will be apart of a large complex of sportsand leisure facilities. The AkyaziStadium, which will be the futureheart op the Trabzon complex, willhave a capacity of 42.000 seats,including 3.000 VIP seats and 122 sky boxes.

DesignThe design of Akyazi Stadium wasmade by Adnan Aksu Architecture.The architects designed an elegantand modular stadium with spaciousinteriors. The dynamic externalform catches the eye. The stadiumwill be covered with membraneswhich will be tensionerd over desteel frames to create a unique, an-gular form. At the same time theenclosed form gives the supportersa shelter against sun, rain andstrong winds from the sea as thestadium will be built just a few me-ters away from the Black Sea coast.Tensaform was involved in the im-plementation of the textile roofand facade for the Akyazı Stadium.

MembraneFor the realisation of the mem-brane surface of approximately46.600m² (roof and facade) Ten-saform has chosen the membraneSheerfill PTFE II, manufactured bySaint Gobain.

! Mehmet YILMAZ: [email protected]: www.tensaform.com

TENSAFORM

Trabzon Akyazı StadiumTrabzon, Turkey

Figure 1. a-d Visualisations of the Akyaz stadiumFigure 2. Technical details: Triangular membrane units connected tosubstructure.Figure 3. Technical details: Membrane panels: cutting and welding

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