• Tensile Test Review

• Improve your schematics

• Improve your figures by Microsoft Excel

• Improve your figures by MATLAB

• Improve your tables by Microsoft Word

ME354 Tensile Test Review Improve Your Lab Report

Yih-Yan Lin Feb.4, 2011

Topic A36 Steel Al 6061 T-6 PMMA Polycarbonate

1. Engineering stress and strain curve √ √ √ √

2. Ultimate Strength* √ √ √ √

3. Modulus of Elasticity and Yield Strength* √ √

4. Modulus of Resilience** √ √

Modulus of Toughness** √ √ √ √

5. True Fracture Strength* √ √ √ √

Percent Reduction in Area* √ √ √ √

Percent Reduction Elongation* √ √ √ √

6. True stress and strain** √

7. Strength Coefficient and Strain Hardening Exponent*** √

* Statistical Analysis (average and standard deviation)** Pick up only one set of the data*** Error Analysis

Data Analysis of Lab 4 — Tensile Test

Use appropriate schematics, tables and figures in your report.

Tensile Test Review

Load Strains

Engineering stress and strain curves Modulus of Toughness

Tensile Test Review – MATLAB Code examples

Enlarge the pictures to see the details.

Microsoft Office Visio (My research in UW, 2010)

L=111.6 cm

kk

H=0.6 cm

W=5.3 cm

AccelerometerHammer

A/D card

Digital

Analog

Output Signal Input and

Trigger Signal

Charge Amplifiers

Anti-Aliasing Filter

Fourier Analyzer

Microsoft Office Word (My modal test lab report in 2002)

fillet

grip grip

gage sectionDogbone specimen

Microsoft Office Powerpoint(Lecture Slide, ME354 W2011) Don’t use Microsoft Windows Paint!

Improve Your Schematics

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

A366061PCPMMA

5

1

1. Inside major tike mark type2. Must have axis labels and units3. Keep decimal places consistent4. Change axis color form grey to black5. Remove horizontal grid line

2

2

3

4

6. No chart area border7. Need plot area border8. Move the legend inside the plot area9. No markers

6

7

8

9

Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel

Excel Default Figure

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.400

100

200

300

400

500

600

Strain e (mm/mm)

Str

ess

s (M

Pa)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

A36 Steel

6061 T-6 Aluminum

Polycarbonate

Polymethylmethacry-late

Strain e (mm/mm)

Str

ess

s (M

Pa)

A36 Steel

6061 T-6 Aluminum

Ultimate Strength: Steel > AlModulus of Toughness: Steel > AlModulus of Elasticity: Steel > AlYielding Strength: Steel ~ Al

What are you going to tell your readers?

Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)

Failure StrainUltimate Strength

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.40

100

200

300

400

500

600

A36 Steel

6061 T-6 Aluminum

Polycarbonate

Polymethylmethacry-late

Strain e (mm/mm)

Str

ess

s (M

Pa)

2. decimal place:1

Font style: Times New Roman

Font style: Symbol

A36 Steel

6061 T-6 Aluminum

PMMAPolycarbonate

1. Greek alphabet

1. Greek alphabet

3. Inside tick mark type

2. Decimal place

3. Inside tick mark type

1. Greek alphabet: “Times New Roman” to “Symbol”

• No horizontal grid lines. (You may keep both horizontal and vertical grid lines or remove both of them, but don’t keep either one)• Remember axis labels and units. (physical parameter, Greek alphabet, unit . eg: Stress s (MPa) )• If you don’t have color printer, use black color, gray color and different line styles to distinguish different data sets.• Either “legend” or “text box in the plot” will suffice to help distinguish different data sets.

4. Change to black axis (default is gray color)

4. Axis color: solid and black

Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4500.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

Round tube

Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)

Dis

plac

emen

t, d

(mm

)

Looks good, but could be better.

• Distinguished by types of line style and types of data-point symbol– either one of them would suffice.• Textboxes by the line might be better than legend.

Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4500.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)

Dis

plac

emen

t, d

(mm

)

Round tube

C- Channel

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4500.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

Load Cell Readings, RLC (N)

Dis

plac

emen

t, d

(mm

)

Round tube

C- Channel

• Different data sets are distinguished by types of data-point symbol.• Lines are only for showing the trend of the data.

• Different data sets are distinguished by types of line style.• Types of data-point symbol are only for showing numbers of data point.

Improve Your Figures by Microsoft Excel (cont’)

1. 106 M, 10-6 m2. Decimal places inconsistent3. Unit, Legend and Textbox 4. Different line styles to distinguish different data sets

Improve Your Figures by MATLAB

MATLAB Default Figure – much better than Word

Improve Your Figures by MATLAB (cont’)

Arrows and textboxes

Legend and different line style

MATLAB code

SG2a (θ = -17) SG2b (θ = 25) SG2c (θ = 70)εmeas

(με)

εθ

(με)

PercentError

εmeas

(με)

εθ

(με)

PercentError

εmeas

(με)

εθ

(με)

PercentError

-224 -211.39 5.97 -170 -181.85 6.52 53 36.33 45.88-450 -

429.414.79 -348 -

363.614.29 105 83.20 26.20

-675 -634.07 6.46 -528 -545.46 3.000000

152 124.80 22

-904 -845.45 6.93 -707 -727.30 2.79 201 166.39 20.80

SG2a (θ = -17°) SG2b (θ = 25°) SG2c (θ = 70°)

εmeas (με) εθ (με) Error (%) εmeas (με) εθ (με) Error (%) εmeas (με) εθ (με) Error (%)

-224 -211.39 5.97 -170 -181.85 6.52 53 36.33 45.88

-450 -429.41 4.79 -348 -363.61 4.29 105 83.20 26.20

-675 -634.07 6.46 -528 -545.46 3.20 152 124.80 21.79

-904 -845.45 6.93 -707 -727.30 2.79 201 166.39 20.80

• Use “Times” font style. Avoid “Calibri” and “italic”. Use “italic” only when you emphasize something, refer to a book name or show writing style. Italic may help Greek alphabets look better.• Keep font size and font style consistent in your report.• Don’t forget the units.• Keep decimal place consistent and decimal place more than three might be meaningless

No unit

Avoid two rows in a unit

This table has Times New Roman, Calibri and italic, three font styles.

Only three full-width lines; no vertical linesTable E.6. Stress and Strain at Strain Gage 2 for C-Channel.Title

Headings

Body

Improve Your Tables by Microsoft Word

Word Default Figure

Improve your Figure

Thank you.