tensile structures cables

7/23/2019 Tensile Structures CABLES

1/44

Cuija}op, [f}~ucal =1*=0 Euly =;1;

@AMLOP IB LICG^SOICG^

ABN

JOJM]ABO P^]_@^_]OA]"P_TA]BA LOLO

O]"PGI]OOPG [AÎL

@GA_C_LO [AÎL @FBP_LÂB^P

[T^" L^N


2/44

JOJM]ABOP IB LICG^ SOICG^ABN JOJM]ABO P^]_@^_]OP

A]"P_TA]BA LOLO O]"PGI]IPG [A^IL

@AMLOP

IB LICG^ SOICG^ JOJM]ABO

P^]_@^_]OP


3/44

Ib~}fnu`~ifb

JOJM]ABOP IB LIC^ SOICG^ ABN JO

P^]_@^_]OP

A] P_TA]BA LOLO"O] *PGI]IPG [AÎL

^gip {a{o} ~ahop a cobo}al {}otios fd ab a{{lià~ifb fd àmlop ib Licg~soicg~

jojm}abo p~}u`~u}op }icg~ d}fj i~p nopicb ~f ibp~alla~ifb"

^go {a{o} a``fub~p df} ~go ~y{op fd àmlo bo~ p~}u`~u}op, p~}u`~u}o fd ~goàmlop abn ~goi} a{{lià~ifbp"

^gip {a{o} `fbpino}p ~go ta}ifup diwibc olojob~p a~ ~go eub`~ifbp fd ~go

p~}u`~u}al jojmo}p fd àmlo jojm}abo `fbp~}u`~ifb abn ~go ~o}jiba~ifb fd

~go àmlop"

I~ ~alhp amfu~ cobo}al {}fmlojp noal~ si~g my àmlop jojm}abo p~}u`~u}op"

I~ nop`}imop ~go ta}ifup {fppimili~iop fd ab`gf}ibc ~go àmlo p~}u`~u}op ~f

c}fubn"


4/44

Ib {gypi`p, ~obpifb ip ~go jacbi~uno fd ~go {ullibc df}ò owo}~on

my a p~}ibc, àmlo, `gaib, f} pijila} fmeo`~" I~ ip ~go f{{fpi~o fd

`fj{}oppifb" Ap ~obpifb ip a df}ò, i~ ip joapu}on ib Bos~fb#p

ôbpilo p~}obc~g '_^P f} P_ ) ip ibnià~on my ~go jawija fd

a p~}opp*p~}aib ù}to abn, ib cobo}al, ibnià~op sgob bo`hibc

sill f`ù}"


5/44

ôbpilo P~}obc~g ip ab ib~obpito {}f{o}~y, i~p taluo nfop bf~ no{obn fb

~go pio fd ~go ~op~ p{oìjob" I~ ip, gfsoto}, no{obnob~ fb ~go

{}o{a}a~ifb fd ~go p{oìjob abn ~go ~oj{o}a~u}o fd ~go ~op~ obti}fbjob~

abn ja~o}ial"

ôbpilo p~}obc~g, alfbc si~g olap~i` jfnulup abn `f}}fpifb }opip~abò, ip abij{f}~ab~ {a}ajo~o} fd obciboo}ibc ja~o}ialp upon ib p~}u`~u}op abn

jo`gabiàl notiòp"

NOPICB FD ÔBPILO P^]_@^_]O ABN ÔBPILO P^]OBC^G


6/44

JOJM]ABOP IB LIC^ SOICG^ ABN

JOJM]ABO P^]_@^_]OPA]"P_TA]BA LOLO O]"PGI]IPG [AÎL

JOJM]ABOP IB LICG^ SOICG^

ABN JOJM]ABO P^]_@^_]OP

P~}u`~u}al [}ibì{lo5

Ai} {}oppu}o ip upon ~f pu{{f}~ abn df}ò ib all ni}o`~ifbp" ^gip df}ò ip upon ~f

pu{{f}~ ~go dam}i`" ^go àmlop nf bf~ pu{{f}~ ~go dam}i`, mu~ gfln i~ nfsb" ^go

dam}i` ip a~~a`gon ~f ~go àmlop ib {abolp }opul~ibc ib a gym}in jojm}abo" ^gogym}in jojm}abo ~}abpdo}p ~go p~}oppop d}fj ~go dam}i` ~f ~go àmlop" ^go àmlop

a}o a~~a`gon ~f a `fj{}oppifb }ibc, sgi`g }opip~p ~go u{lid~ibc df}òp"

^y{op5

^go ~sf mapi` ~y{op fd ai} pu{{f}~on p~}u`~u}op a}o GICG []FDILO abn LFS"

[]FDILO }odo}p ~f ~go goicg~ ~f ~go p~}u`~u}o }ola~ito ~f i~p p{ab" Gicg {}fdilo

p~}u`~u}op a}o ~y{iàlly upon df} ~oj{f}a}y f} p~f}aco daìli~iop abn a}o fd~ob

d}oo p~abnibc, sgi`g joabp ~goy gato bf dfubna~ifb u{fb sgi`g ~goy }op~" Lfs

{}fdilo p~}u`~u}op a}o upon ~f p{ab lfbc nip~abòp pu`g ap p{f}~p p~aniujp, alpf

lfs {}fdilo p~}u`~u}op ~obn ~f mo {laòn u{fb a muilnibc }a~go} ~gob ~go c}fubn

i~pold, ~gup moibc upon ap }ffdp" ^gip ip nuo ~f ~go df}òp ibtflton ib pu{{f}~on ~go

p~}u`~u}o"


7/44



F]ICIBAL ^OBPILO P^]_@^_]OP*^OB^P


8/44

PIJ[LO JA^GOJAÎ@P FD @AMLOP

Fbo fd ~go jaib `ga}a`~o}ip~i`p fd àmlo*jojm}abo p~}u`~u}op ~ga~ ~goy gato bf

p~iddbopp acaibp~ lfanibc {o}{obniùla} ~f ~go libo fd ~go àmlo f} ~go pu}daò fd ~go

jojm}abo" ^go la}co nip{laòjob~p }opul~ ib a picbidiàb~ `gabco fd ~go cofjo~}y

abn ~go}odf}o loan ~f a cofjo~}iàlly bfb*liboa} nopicb abn abalypip {}fònu}o"

^go p~iddbopp fd a àmlo*jojm}abo p~}u`~u}o àb mo ib`}oapon ib ~sf sayp5 upibc

p{oìal cofjo~}y 'df} owaj{lo ib`}oapibc ~go paccibc goicg~) f} upibc {}op~}oppibc"

Du}~go}jf}o ~go p~}u`~u}al mogatifu} fd àmlo*jojm}abo p~}u`~u}op àb mo

`ga}a`~o}ion my ~go dfllfsibc oqua~ifb5

^1&]1(^=&]=:D

^1 abn ^=""Ib~o}bal df}òp ib jojm}abo"

]1 abn ]= "]anii fd {}ibì{al @u}ta~u}o

D:Ow~o}bal lfan

a)Moaj m)@amlo

Nip{laòjob~p Fd Moaj Abn @amlo P~}u`~u}op"


9/44

]uppiab obciboo} Tlaniji} Pguhgft sap fbo fd ~go di}p~ ~f notolf{

{}a`~iàl àlùla~ifbp fd p~}oppop abn nodf}ja~ifbp fd ~obpilo p~}u`~u}op,

pgollp abn jojm}abop"

P~}u`~u}op owgimi~ifb {atilifbp df} ~go

Bigby Bftcf}fn Dai} fd 1794, `fto}ibc

~go a}oa fd =3,;;; j~p="




10/44

@amlo bo~ p~}u`~u}op a}o df} `fto}ibc la}co ubpu{{f}~on p{abp" @amlop a}o upon ap

pu{{f}~ jojmo}p ~f ~go `fto}on jojm}abo abn upually diwon ~f ~go c}fubn my

ab`gf}ibc" ^go ~y{o abn pio fd àmlop sfuln no{obn u{fb ~go lfan `fbni~ifbp"

^Y[OP FD ÔBPILO P^]_@^_]OP

@amlo pu{{f}~on P~}u`~u}op5Go}o ~go ~obpilo lfanp a}o ~}abpdo}}on ib~fanefibibc p~}u`~u}op" ^goy cobo}a~o la}co

la~o}al lfanp abn jay }oqui}o anni~ifbal

}oibdf}òjob~ ib owip~ibc p~}u`~u}o "P~ool

àmlopa}o oddo`~ito jojmo}p fd ~go }ffdp~}u`~u}o i~pold,~go àmlop ~gojpoltop }opip~

~go ta}ifup ow~o}bal lfanp"

@amlo p~ayon p~}u`~u}op@amlop p~amilio `fj{}oppifb jojmo}p'ow" ~y{iàl licg~ soicg~ àbf{y si~g

jap~p abn àmlo ~io ma`hp) abn po}to

fbly ap ~obpifb jojmo}p" @amlop jay

fbly mo upon ~f pup{obn ~gop~}u`~u}o,sgi`g sfuln ~}abji~ ~go

~obpilo df}òp ~f a{{}f{}ia~o ab`gf}acop




11/44


ABN JOJM]ABO P^]_@^_]OPA]"P_TA]BA LOLO O]"PGI]IPG [AÎL

@AMLO*BO^ @FBP]^_@ÎFBP1"^go `fbp~}u`~ifbal olojob~p a}o p~ool {ylfbp, p~ool àmlo bo~sf}hp, p~ool f}

sffnob c}inp, abn }ffd `fto}ibcp fd a`}yli` clapp f} ~}abpluòb~, {lap~i`*}oibdf}òn

pgoo~ibc"

="@amlop a}o dap~obon ib~f ~go oncop fd ~go p~ool bo~sf}h, abn a}o lain fto} {ib*efib~on abn upually fmliquoly {fpi~ifbon p~ool pu{{f}~p, abn ~gob ab`gf}on"

0"@amlo bo~ p~}u`~u}op a}o df} `fto}ibc la}co ubpu{{f}~on p{abp si~g fbpino}amlo

oapo"


12/44



Mfpp [la~o Nfucgbu~*pga{on {la~o a~~a`gon ~f a àmlo oa} {la~o ~f }oibdf}ò ~go{ibgflo abn allfs a ~gibbo} {la~o"

@amlo @udd Onco ~}oa~job~ ib sgi`g ~go dam}i` ip dflnon fto} fb i~pold ~f df}j a

{f`ho~ ib sgi`g a à~oba}y àmlo àb mo ibp~allon"@amlo Di~~ibc Notiò a~~a`gon ~f ~go obn fd a àmlo ~f allfs a `fbbo`~ifb ~f abf~go}jojmo}" Di~~ibcp àb mo psacon, p{ol~o}on f} `fj{}oppifb ~y{o"

Cuy @amlo * ^gip p~ool àmlo ip upon ~f pu{{f}~ ~go p~}u`~u}al ib~oc}i~y fd ~go p~oold}ajo" I~ jay mo a~~a`gon a~ ~go obnp fd ~go p~ool p~}u~p 'f} a}jp) ~f gfln ~goj

~fco~go} abn }opip~ ~goj d}fj jftojob~ }ola~ito ~f oa`g f~go}" _bliho à~oba}yàmlop, ~go lobc~gp a}o àlùla~on my a p~}aicg~ {fib~*~f*{fib~ nijobpifb" ^go obciboo}

sill boon ~f no~o}jibo ~go ~gi`hbopp my àlùla~ibc ~go jawijuj p~}opp fb ~go àmlo"

]oma} @aco A }oibdf}ìbc ja~}iw fd p~ool }fnp upon ~f p~}obc~gob `fb`}o~o"

Psaco ^y{o fd àmlo di~~ibc ib sgi`g a plooto di~p fto} ~go fu~pino fd ~go àmlo abn

~go plooto ip `fj{}oppon a}fubn ~go àmlo ~f df}j a ~icg~ di~"

Solnjob~ @fbbo`~ifb fj{fbob~, upually p~ool, df} ~go a~~a`gjob~ fd àmlopabn&f} dam}i`" Id jay mo d}oo*dlfa~ibc f} `fbbo`~on ~f f~go} jojm}abop"

Si}o ]f{o @li{ _*pga{on mfl~ si~g a p{oìal ibpo}~, p{oìdiàlly nopicbon ~f `laj{a si}o }f{o ~f i~pold sgob df}jibc a lff{ obn df} ~oj{f}a}y àmlop"

PFJO Ô@GBI@AL NODIBAÎFBP


13/44



@a~oba}y ^go ù}to ~gof}o~iàlly df}jon my a {o}do`~ly dlowimlo, ubidf}jly nobpo,ibow~obpimlo àmlo pup{obnon d}fj oa`g fd ~sf obn {fib~p" Ib dam}i` p~}u`~u}op

ow{o}iobò, ~gip pga{o ip {}fmamly bf~ oto} ~}uly notolf{on, mu~ ip `fjjfbly upon ~f

nop`}imo ~go pga{o notolf{on a~ ~go mfubna}y fd a ubidf}jly p~}oppon dam}i` p~}u`~u}oa~~a`gon ~f a àmlo sgi`g ip }op~}aibon fbly a~ i~p obn {fib~p"

@a~oba}y @amlo * P~ool àmlop ~ga~ }ub ~g}fucg ~go {f`ho~p fb ~go {o}ijo~o} fd a~obpifb p~}u`~u}o dam}i`" ^go pga{o fd ~go àmlo dfllfsp ~ga~ fd ~go {f`ho~, sgi`g ip

~y{iàlly ù}ton si~g a }a~if fd 151;" ^go lobc~g fd ~go àmlo ip ~f mo no~o}jibon d}fj my

~go obciboo} pu{{lyibc ~go dam}i` {a~~o}bibc" ^go ~gi`hbopp fd ~go àmlo ip ~f mono~o}jibon my ~go obciboo} sgf ip àlùla~ibc ~go }oa`~ifb lfanp a~ ~go àmlo obnp"

@a~oba}y Onco Jo~gfn fdpoù}ibc ~go onco fd a {abol si~g a àmlo ~obpifbonmo~soob ~sf diwon {fib~p"

@a~oba}y [f`ho~ 'AHA Mababa [f`ho~) * ^gip ip ~go {f`ho~ ~ga~ ip {laòn a~ ~go

{o}ijo~o} fd ~go dam}i` `fto} ~f poù}o ~go à~oba}y àmlo" ^go {f`ho~ gap a ù}to si~ga }a~if ~ga~ ip nodibon my ~go dam}i` {a~~o}bibc, mu~ ip ~y{iàlly `lfpo ~f a 151; }a~if" ^gip

joabp df} oto}y 1; doo~ fd lobc~g, ~go}o sill mo amfu~ a dff~ fd mobn ~f i~" Nuo ~f ~go

ù}ta~u}o fd ~go pga{o, ~go {f`ho~ ip ~y{iàlly dam}ià~on my poalibc ~fco~go} ~sf galtop

fd ~go {f`ho~ ~fco~go} si~g ab fto}la{ fd 1 ~f = a~ ~go fu~pino onco fd ~go {f`ho~"

PFJO Ô@GBI@AL NODIBAÎFBP


14/44



Nip{laòjob~p fd moaj abn àmlo p~}u`~u}op"

Fbo fd ~go jaib `ga}a`~o}ip~i`p fd àmlo*jojm}abo p~}u`~u}op ~ga~ ~goy gato bfp~iddbopp acaibp~ lfanibc {o}{obniùla} ~f ~go libo fd ~go àmlo f} ~go pu}daò fd ~go

jojm}abo"

@fbòb~}a~on lfanp

'{flycfbal df}j)

Poldsoicg~*à~oba}y

df}j

_bidf}jly nip~}imu~on

to}~iàl lfanp

Apyjjo~}i` lfanibc

si~g _{lid~

Pibclo àmlo p~}u`~u}op si~g niddo}ob~ lfanibc `fbni~ifbp


15/44



[]OP^]OPP*^go p~}oppop ib àmlo bo~ àb mo `}oa~on my upibc

1) `fj{}oppifb }ibc moajp

=) my obàpibc ib `fb`}o~o"

0) my p{abbibc fto} ~go onco àmlop"

P{abbibc a }ibc moaj P{abbibc fb ~f onco amlop pu{{f}~ibc goaty `lannibc

To}~iàl pu{{f}~

df} àmlop

Ib`libon pu{{f}~p

df} àmloPup{obpifb m}inco

~y{o p~}u`~u}o

@fjmiba~ifb fd àmlo

~}upp abn ci}no} ib~f

fbo àmlo moaj^Y[OP FD P_[[F]^P DF] @AMLOP


16/44



@amlo p~amili~y5 [labo pyp~ojp

Anni~ifbal P~ayibc

[}op~}ppibc My @amlo Si~g f{{fpi~o @u}ta~u}o

P~ayibc Si~g ^}abpto}po @amlop ^f C}fubn F}

^f Abf~go} [a}~ Fd ^go P~}u`~u}o

^go [}ib`i{al jo~gfnp fd {}ftinibc p~amili~y a}o ~go dfllfsibc5


17/44



@amlo P~amili~y5@amlo ^}uppop @amlo p~amili~y5@fbi`al Jojm}abo


18/44



@fj{low ~ob~ pyp~oj si~g ib~o}bal pu{{f}~p

Ab~i`lap~i` `amlo bo~p si~g mfubna}y a}`gop


19/44




Pflu~ifbp df} Ab`gf}ibc àmlo p~ayon

p~}u`~u}op5aZ P~ayon `flujbp a}o upon si~g c}fubn

ab`gf}p ~f noal si~g to}~iàl abn

gf}ifb~al }oa`~ifbp {}ftinon my awially

lfanon flujbp"

mZ @ab~iloto} `flujbp f} loccon `flujb"

`Z [}ftipifb fd }icin nia{g}acjp ~f

pu{{f}~ to}~iàl `flujbp a`~ibc si~g

gf}ifb~ally lfanon onco moajp"

To}~iàl abn gf}ifb~al }oa`~ifbp a}o

{}ftinon my awially lfanon olojob~p pu`g

ap p~ayon `flujbp upon si~g c}fubn

ab`gf}p"

nZTo}~iàl `ylibn}iàlly ù}ton sallp"

oZ A pold }ola~ibc oquilim}iuj my df}j

}ola~on mfubna}y pga{op sgo}o bf

~obpifbp a}fubn ab`gf}p a}o }oqui}on

1"Pup{obpifb amlo ="Gf}ifb~al moaj

0"]icin nia{g}acj

C_YON JAP^P

@ABÎLOTO] @FL_JBP

LOCCON @FL_JBP

Pup{obpifb amlo

]op~}aibibc amlo

0"Jap~ abn p~}u~

Ab`gf}


20/44



@ylibn}iàl sallp

Pfjo ~obpifb ab`gf}aco {fppimili~iop

a}o illup~}a~on molfs

Df}j }ola~on mfubna}y pga{op

@fjmiba~ifb fd p~iddobon {la~op

`fub~o}df}~ sallp abn pfil lfanibc

Jappito dfubna~ifb abn

Pfil lfanibc

To}~iàl ~obpifb {ilo si~g

Gf}ifb~al }oa`~ifb `fj{fbob~

ôbpifb {ilo `flliboa}

si~g }op~}aibibc àmlo


21/44

Dlfs`ga}~

Illup~}a~ibcCobo}al A{{}fa`g

~f ^obpilo

Jojm}abo

P~}u`~u}o Nopicb

abn Obciboo}ibc


22/44



OWAJ[LO FD A P^_NY JFNOL* pgfsibc dlfso} a}}abcojob~ si}o df}

àmlop abn jaib pu{{f}~ p~}u`~u}o" A ~gi`ho} si}o ip upon df} ~go jaib

`fbbo`~ifb ib ~go d}fb~ fd ~go po`~ifb abn gf~ cluo df} ~go `fbbo`~ifb {laòp"

Ap df} ~go ja~o}ial upon ~f `fto} ~go po`~ifb a p~}o~`gamlo jopg dam}i` ip

upon abn df} ~go mapo ibp~ala~ifb dfaj ip upon" All fd ~gopo ja~o}ialp sf}hon

soll df} mocibbibc p~acop, mu~ df} ~go bow~ p~uny jfnol ~go ow{o}ijob~o}p

noìnon ~f upo p~}fbco} ja~o}ialp abn a p~u}nio} mapo"


23/44



A ^Y[I@AL 0N dibi~o olojob~ {}fc}aj pui~o notolf{on my ôbpyp df} ~go nopicb f

~obpilo p~}u`~u}op" Doa~u}ibc dull,la}co nodf}ja~ifb, cofjo~}i` bfb*liboa}i~y, i~ ip

mapon u{fb a Nybaji` ]olawa~ifb pflu~ifb {}fòpp"

Ib ÔBP doa~u}op jfnulop df}5 Df}j Dibnibc, si~g p{oìdion p~}opp `fb~}fl fd pga{o

Lfan Abalypip

Jojm}abo [a~~o}bibc

Cofjo~}i` [fp~*{}fòppibc

^go {}fc}aj olojob~ lim}a}y ib`luno

@amlo olojob~p

Pli{ @amlop, jfnolibc a poquobò fd àmlo olojob~p ib a d}i`~ifb*d}oo {f`ho~

Jojm}abo olojob~p

Moaj olojob~p


24/44



Mfubna}y `fbni~ifbp abn abalypip `fbp~}aib~p ib`luno

Fb*fdd `fb~a`~ `fbp~}aib~p, ib`lunibc to`~f} ~}aeo`~f}iop

abn p{go}iàl pu}daòp

Ij{fpi~ifb fd cofnopi` poaj ~}aeo`~f}iop

@lfpon cap&liquin òllp, si~g ~go f{~ifb fd `fbp~ab~ {}oppu}o, tflujo f}

japp

A{{lion lfanibc f{~ifbp ib`luno

Sibn pbfs dluin abn cap lfanibc u{na~on a``f}nibc ~f pu}daò

nodf}ja~ifb Nip`}o~o a{{lion lfanp abn p{oìdion bfno nip{laòjob~p

abn olojob~ df}òp


25/44



A}`gi~o`~u}o fd àmlop5P~ool àmlop a}o oi~go} p{i}al p~}abn, sgo}o ì}ùla} }fnp a}o ~sip~on

~fco~go} abn -cluon- upibc a {flyjo}, f} lf`hon `fil p~}abn, sgo}o

ibnitinual ib~o}lf`hibc p~ool p~}abnp df}j ~go àmlo 'fd~ob si~g a p{i}al

p~}abn `f}o)"

P{i}al p~}abn ip plicg~ly soaho} ~gab lf`hon `fil p~}abn"P~ool p{i}al p~}abnàmlop gato a Yfubc#p jfnulup, O fd 1?;1; hB&jj 'f} 1?;1; C[a) abn

`fjo ib piop d}fj 0 ~f 9; jj niajo~o}" P{i}al p~}abn puddo}p d}fj

`fbp~}u`~ifb p~}o~`g, sgo}o ~go p~}abnp `fj{a`~ sgob ~go àmlo ip

lfanon" ^gip ip bf}jally }ojfton my {}o*p~}o~`gibc ~go àmlo abn `y`libc ~golfan u{ abn nfsb ~f >?/ fd ~go ul~ija~o ~obpilo lfan"

Lf`hon `fil p~}abn ~y{iàlly gap a Yfubc#p Jfnulup fd 14;1; hB&jj abn

`fjop ib piop d}fj =; jj ~f 14; jj niajo~o}"

]f{o ip ab appojmly fd jul~i{lo p~}abnp"

P^]ABN U LF@H ]F[O


26/44



A}`gi~o`~u}o fd àmlop51"^go ~obpifb jojmo}p a}o ~o}jon ap àmlop a}o c}fu{ fdsi}op, p~}abnp f} }f{op"

=" A si}o ip `fb~ibufup lobc~g fd p~ool ~ga~ gap ì}ùla} `}fpp po`~ifb" ^go sf}n p~}abn

ibnià~op a c}fu{ fd si}op pu}}fubnon a}fubn a pibclo `f}o ib a ~sip~on df}j" ^go layo}p

jicg~ mo jf}o ~gab fbo" U*lf`h àmlop a}o upon ib pfjo p~}u`~u}op sgi`g `fbpip~ fd *pga{on si}op a~ ~go {o}ijo~o} fd ~go p~}abnp"

Fbo p~}abn f{ob àmlop*a)1(4, m)1(4(1=,

`)1(4(1=(17,n)1(4(1=(17(=>

Fbo p~}abn `lfpo àmloa)1(4(,m)1(4(1=(,

`)1(14(1=(17(

n)1(4(1=(17 (


27/44



A}`gi~o`~u}o fd àmlop

Ta}io~y fd àmlop si~g ibdill fd ib` }i`g {fsno} dillibc ~go ca{p mo~soob ~go

si}op^go poto}al `fbni~ifbp sgi`g jicg~ addo`~ ~go lido ow{o`~ab`y fd ~go àmlop a}o ~y{o fd

ja~o}ial, i~p {}f{o}~iop, `lija~o `fbni~ifbp, `fa~ibc pyp~ojp abn gicg {o}df}jabò

{aib~p"

@amlop `fj{}ipo bujmo} fd si}op" ^go àmlop nf bf~ lffpo

~goi} p~}obc~g ib àpo fd dailu}o fd fbo si}o" @amlop gato yioln

p~}obc~g fd a{{}fwija~oly =>; hpi ~f =3; hpi"

^go si}op ib p~}abn a}o ib` `fa~on abn p~}abnon ib~f goliwsgi`g df}jp a }ocula} }fpp po`~ifb" ^go `f}o fd p~}abn

`fbpip~p fd òb~}al si}o abn f~go} si}op a}o sfubn a}fubn ~go

`fb~}fl si}o ib bujmo} fd layo}p u{ ~f >


28/44



O}o`~ifb fb pi~o5 ^go

`amlo bo~p a}o `fj{lo~oly

appojmlon fb ~go c}fubn,

~gob lid~on ~f ~goi} dibal

{fpi~ifbp"


29/44



@fbp~}u`~ifbal No~ailp

Malo }ibc&jojm}abo {la~o

Ab`gf}ibc d}ajo ~f mapo {la~o Onco No~ail*Diwibc a~ mfubna}y

`amlop abn {ib `fbbo`~ifb ~f a {la~o^obpifbo}

A P C C


30/44



Efibibc fd àmlo ~f dfubna~ifb ~g}fucg p~ool pannlo ,gibcop ,~}uppop"

@amlo eub`~ifb ~f

pu{{f}~

Jojm}abo abn

àmlo eub`~ifb a~

ôbpifbo}jojm}abo ,àmlo eub`~ifb

~f pu{{f}~



31/44



Eub`~ifb a~ `amlo ~f mfubna}y

1)C}fjjo~ =)psacon ~o}jibal 0)abn >){ib @ap~ ib pf`ho~ ~o}jibal

^o}jiba~ifb fd @amlop




32/44



F{ob P{i}al P~}abn @amlo

@fj{}oppifb P~}u~ Caltabipon `amlop@laj{p

P~ool @amlo@fbbo`~f}p

Ta}ifup @amlop



33/44

JOJM]ABO P IB LICG^ SOICG^


Df}h @fbbo`~f}

@ylibn}iàl @fbbo`~f}p

@amlo Df} ]o~}aòamlo ôbpilo P~}obc~g@amlo Df} ôbpilo P~}obc~g @fj{}oppifb p~}u~p

Df}h `fbbo`~f} Dull lf`hon àmlo



34/44





35/44




@fj{fbob~p abn No~ailp Ga}nsa}o

P~aiblopp p~ool, Caltabion f} @up~fj dibipgop



36/44



P{o`ialipon Ga}nsa}o

@amlo @laj{p



37/44


[i`h ~go }icg~ `fj{fbob~p

Pajuol E" A}jiefp, AIA, sss"dam}i`a}`gi~o`~"`fj



38/44



@fj{fbob~p abn No~ailp '`fb~")

Ga}nsa}o,P~aiblopp p~ool, Caltabion f} @up~fj dibipgop

Gffhp,{la~op,gabco}p,bo~p



39/44




40/44


A [atillifb A~ Sa}pas*^go p~ool p~}u`~u}o

}o`oiton ~go

O@@P P~ool Nopicb Asa}n

ib 1993"

A @APO P^_NY




41/44


Jahfsphi, U"P" '199?)5

^go p~ool p~}u`~u}o ip `fj{fpon my*

1" ~}abpto}pal d}ajop"

=" lfbci~unibal p~iddobibc pyp~ojp

0" ib~o}jonia}y ~obpifb d}ajop,




42/44


^go }ffd ip fj{fpon my ~go jinnlo ~obpifb jojm}abop ib ~go df}j fd

pannlo gy{a}p pu{{f}~on fb p~ool a}`gop abn obn jojm}abo, pu{{f}~on

fb obn p~ool a}`g abn ~obpifbon ib`libon obn `flujbp"

No~ailp A~ ^go Eub`~ifbp Po`~ifbal Olota~ifb




43/44


1"Jahfsphi, U"P" '199?)5 Licg~*soicg~ p~}u`~u}op"

="Cf{al Jipg}a g~~{5&&~go`fbp~}u`~f}"f}c&=;;9&1;&àmlo*abn*~obpifb*p~}u`~u}op

0"Ajm}fiah" A, Hlfpfsphi" [ "=;;4"Fb `fbp~}u`~ifbal pflu~ifbp df}

~obpilo P~}u`~u}op '13*=; ) ">"A}jiefp"P, sss"dam}ià}`gi~o`~"`fj 'ijacop*=;*=>)

?"Gub~ibc~fb @" =;;>"^go ~obpifbon dam}i` }ffd " '1=*1>)

4"Hlfimo} L,["O,"O`hjabb N, AIA,P"O,["O,"Joyo}"^, Gau~ibco} "P,=;;>"

Nopicb `fbpino}a~ifb ib àmlo p~ayon }ffd p~}u`~u}o" AI `fbdo}obò,

Bf}~g Ajo}iàb p~ool `fbp~}u`~ifb Ja}`g =;;>, Jfnol p~ool `fbp~}u`~ifb "

3"sss"jojm}abop=>"`fj

7"sss"a}`gi~ob"`fj

9"sss"~aiyfj`"`fj

1;"sss"~obpilosf}ln"`fj11"sss"Dam}iÀ}`gi~o`~"`fj

]ODO]OB@O5


44/44

^GABH YF_

A}`gi~o`~*Puta}ba Lolo"

Obciboo}*Pgi}ipg [a~il"

@GA_C_LO [A^IL @FBP_L^AB^P [ L^N

tensile structures cables

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