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?"3 MBQYNAWHQMNBAmbnf`okg``ogx oyg nbg nf jg enx mesnyob egeigyx nf jg sj}ns`obdnb mb

eoymbg oba fygxj{ogy ghnx}xgex {jmhj ygsygxgb o eolny hnesnbgb mb fnna {gix

*Xo`amoyymoko & Jnssgbyoj 93?3-" Qjgmy hg`` xm|gx {gyg yobkg fyne 9 e n 93 e" Enyg

job 9333 gzmxmbk xsghmgx jovg iggb agxhymiga nb`} jo`f nf {jmhj oyg sjnnx}bjgmh"

Qjg} mbh`wag ownynsjx emznynsjx oba kyo|gyx *Qo}`ny gq o`" 933;-" Enx nf jg

sjnqnx}bqjgqmh |nnzobqjg``og nf mbvgyqgiyoqg jnxqx oyg ewqwo`mxqmh ambnf`okg``og

x}eimnbx s`wx o`` jnxg hywhmo` n yggf%iwm`ambk hnyo`x *Qo}`ny gq o`" 933;-" Xneg nf jge

oyg o`xn jg mesnyob xnwyhgx nf imn`wembgxhgbhg mb jg nhgob {jmhj hob `mkj ws o bmkj

*Jo``gkyogff ?==7-" Igxmag amonex nvgy jo`f nf jg sygxgb%ao} ambnf`okg``ogx oyg

sjnnx}bjgmh oba oyg o jg ioxg nf eoymbg fnna {gi *Xsghny ?=:1-" Fwyjgyenyg

ambnf`okg``og kmvgx fnna n fm`gy%fggambk imvo`vg xjg``fmxj xwhj ox n}xgyx ewxxg`x

xho``nsx oba h`oex *Fowx 9339-"

Ambnf`okg``ogx hob ig magbmfmga i} jg sygxgbhg nf amenysjmh f`okg``o4 nbg

f`okg``we nymgbga oynwba jg hg`` oba jg njgy amyghga snxgymny {jmhj o``n{ jge n

x{me fygg`} mb {ogy {mj o fny{oya xsmyo``mbk enmnb *Fowx 9339-" Obnjgy hjoyohgymxmh

nf jg ambnf`okg``ogx mx jg {o`` hnbfmkwyomnb oba oyyobkgegb4 jo {ox ioxga nb jg

sygxgbhg *oyenwyga- ny oixgbhg *wboyenwyga- nf o ymkma nwgy hg`` hnvgymbk ny o`xn dbn{b

ox jgho" Qjg ambnf`okg``ogx jovg wbmqwg hjoyohgymxmhx" M hnbombx o amxmbhmvg bwh`gwx

boega jg ambndoy}nb" Qjg ABO mx bn x}xgeom|ga oynwba bwh`gnxneo` jmxnbgx ox o

xwixmwg m fnyembk fmiym``oy hjynenxnegx jo oyg o`{o}x hnbagbxga oba jo amvmag vmo o

h`nxga emnxmx {mj ob gzgybo` xsmba`g *Qo}`ny gq o`" 933;-"

[jgb ambnf`okg``og syn`mfgyogx n jmkjgy job bnyeo` hnbhgbyomnbx jg {ogy

eo} amxhn`nwy oba ossgoyx yga" Qjmx hnbamqmnb mx ho``ga yga qmagx" Qjg i`nnex eo} ig

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gmjgy nzmh ny bnzmnwx {jmhj jg} nfgb ohhwew`og mb xjg``fmxj ny fmxj oba {jgb jgxg oyg

gogb i} jweobx jg} howxg amxgoxgx `mdg soyo`}mh xjg``fmxj snmxnbmbk *SXS- bgwynnzmh

xjg``fmxj snmxnbmbk *BXS- amoyyjgmh xjg``fmxj snmxnbmbk *AXS- oba hmkwogyo *Jo``gkyoff

9331-" Igxmagx jweob jgo`j Joyefw` O`ko` I`nnex *JOIx- o`xn kmvg bgkomvg mesoh n

oqwohw`wyg nwymxe mbawxymgx oba n jg ghn`nk} nf jg {ogy x}xge" Voymnwx fohnyx

jovg iggb oxxnhmoga n jg nhhwyygbhg nf JOIx sjgbnegbnb xwhj ox {mba oba hwyygbx

`mkj gesgyowyg nz}kgb sJ oba bwymgb wsodg *Iwydjn`agy gq o` 9336-" Xneg xsghmgx

{gyg bn i`nne fnyembk iw jovg sngbmo` nzmb synawhgyx" O fg{ xwamgx jovg anbg nb

ambnf`okg``og mb Xoyo{od Ymvgy mbh`wambk Xobwinbk Ymvgy" Qjg xwa} synvmagx

mbfnyeomnb nb jg xsghmgx jo ovom`oi`g o Xoyo{od Ymvgy iw jg hnesnxmmnb nf

ambnf`okg``ogx mb jg oygo nf oqwohw`wyg mx `memga" Qjg oqwohw`wyg gff`wgb emkj jovg ob

mbf`wgbhg n jg xsghmgx hnesnxmmnb nf ambnf`okg``ogx mb jo oygo oba jg sngbmo``} nzmb

synawhgy {m`` kmvgx bgkomvg mesoh bn nb`} n jg ymvgy x}xge iw o`xn n jg hnbxwegy

{jn hnbxweg jg xgofnna nb jo oygo"

Qjg nilghmvg nf jmx xwa} {ox n gvo`wog jg nhhwyygbhg nf ambnf`okg``ogx xsghmgx

hnesnxmmnb o oqwohw`wyg oygo o`nbk Xobwinbk Ymvgy" Qjg hnesnxmmnb nf

ambnf`okg``ogx mb Xobwinbk Ymvgy {gyg o`xn magbmfmga oba anhwegbga" Qjmx xwa} hnw`a

synvmag ob wbagyxobambk nb jg anhwegbomnb oba o`` ozo nf ambnf`okg``ogx sygxgbhg nb

jg xwa} oygo" Enyg nvgy jg snxxmi`g nzmh synawhgyx oba i`nne fnyembk ambnf`okg``ogx

hob ig magbmfmga"

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9"3 @MQGYOQWYG YGVMG[

Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg nbg nf jg enx mesnyob hnesnbgbx nf sj}ns`obdnb mb

eoymbg oba fygxj{ogy ghnx}xge *Xsghny ?=:1-" Qjg sj}ns`obdnb ygsygxgb eolny

hnbxmwgb nf fnna {gix oba hoyy} nw sjnnx}bjgxmx n agsgbagb oqwomh ghnx}xge" Qjg

ambnf`okg``ogx oyg vgy} oiwbaob mb o`` }sg nf oqwomh ghnx}xgex oba hob ig fnwba `mvmbk

ox s`obdnb ny oohjga n xgamegbx xoba hnyo` ny nb jg njgy oqwomh s`obx *Jngdgq o`

?==7-"

9"? Qoznbne} nf Ambnf`okg``oqgx

Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg h`oxxmfmga ox Synmxx wbagy jg amvmxmnb Ambnsj}o mb inobmho`

x}xge oba jg nyagy Ambnf`okg``mao ny Ambnf`okg``oo mb |nn`nkmho` x}xgex *Jnssgbyoj &

Xo`aoyymoko 93?3-" Qjmx mx ighowxg xneg nf jg xsghmgx oyg enm`g oba jggynynsjmh {jm`g

njgy xsghmgx jovg hg`` {o``x oba oyg sjnnx}bjgmh *Hoiymbm gq o` 93?3-" Ossynzmeog`}

oinw 1733 xsghmgx 773 kgbgyo oznbnemh aoo nf ambnf`okg``ogx jovg iggb agxhymiga oba

enyg job jo`f nf jg xsghmgx oyg mb fnxxm` fnye" Fyne 9333 `mvmbk xsghmgx enyg job ?;33

oyg eoymbg oba oinw 993 oyg fygxj{ogy *Qo}`ny gq o`" 933;-" Ambnf`okg``ogx xjn{ o kygo

yobkg nf fnyex iw enx nf jmx amvgyxm} hob ig ygxn`vga n fmvg ioxmh }sgx *Qo}`ny ?=:3-

mbh`wambk jg joyefw` xsghmgx"

9"?"? Ambnf`okg``oqgx Enysjn`nk}

Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg syganembob`} wbmhg``w`oy gwdoy}nmh f`okg``oga nykobmxex jo

snxxgx inj sjnnx}bjgmh oba bnb sjnnx}bjgmh hjoyohgyx" Qjgmy enysjn`nk} mx vgy}

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amvgyxg" Qjg} hob ig amvmaga mbn {n }sgx4 agsgbambk nb jg snmb nf mbxgymnb nf jg

f`okg``o boeg`} agxendnb oba ambndnb *Qo}`ny gq o` 933;-" Agxendnb mx o

ambnf`okg``og {jgyg jg {n f`okg``o gegykg o jg hg`` osgz" [jm`g ambndnb jg f`okg``o

gegykg fyne jg emaa`g nf jg hg`` *Ig``mbkgy & Xmkgg 93?3-" Qjg {n f`okg``o oyg mbxgyga

vgbyo``}4 nbg f`okg``we mx `nbkmwambo` oba jnwxga mb o xw`hwx" Qjg yobxvgyxg f`okg``we

synvmagx synsw`xmnb oba jg `nbkmwambo` f`okg``we synvmagx amyghmnb *Qneox ?==;-" Mb

agxendnbx jg sn`g oyg amyghga n{oyax jg x{meembk amyghmnb mx obgymny jg nssnxmg

sn`g mx snxgymny oba jg iynoa xwyfohgx nf jg hg`` oyg `ogyo`" Mb ambndnbx jg xmag fnye

{jmhj jg f`okg``o oymxg mx vgbyo` jg nssnxmg xwyfohg mx anyxo`" Xneg gzoes`gx nf

ambndnb oyg K}ebnambmwe obaAmbnsj}xmx"

Qjg njgy kynws agxendnb mx Synynhgbqywe *Qo}`ny ?=:;-" O ambnf`okg``og

`ohdmbk hg``w`nxg s`ogx mx xoma n ig ojghog oba hg`` hnvgyga nb`} i} o egeiyobg

*Hoiymbm gq o` 93?3-" Qjg s`ogx eo} ig jmhd ny xn jmb jo jg} hobbn ig xggb {mj jg

`mkj emhynxhnsg" Qjgyg mx kgbgyo``} ob mbvgyxg yg`omnbxjms ig{ggb jg bweigy oba jg

jmhdbgxx nf jg s`ogx *Qo}`ny ?=:3-" Qjg bweigy xjosg oba oyyobkgegb nf jgxg s`ogx

fnye o amxqmbhqmvg kgnegqy} dbn{b ox s`oqg qoiw`oqmnb, {jmhj mx qjg eomb egobx fny

h`oxxmfmhomnb oba jg} oyg o enx mesnyob oznbnemh hymgymnb *Qo}`ny ?=:3-"

Fmkwyg ? < Ioxmh Obone} nf Qjghog Ambndnb Ambnf`okg``og" Enamfmga Ofgy Gvm ?=:7" *Eohyog 933;-

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Ambnf`okg``og wxwo``} jox o hg``w`nxg hg`` {o`` sgyfnyoga i} eob} snygx" Enx fnyex

jovg ob gqwonymo` kynnvg jo hnbombx o ymiinb f`okg``we" Qjmx kynnvg xgsoyogx jg

ambnsj}g+x hg``w`nxg hg`` {o`` mbn {n snymnbx jg gsmhnbg oba j}snhnbg" Qjg bweigy

oyyobkgegb oba jmhdbgxx nf jg jgho` s`ogx hob voy} xmkbmfmhob`}" Qjg hg`` xwyfohg

nyboegbomnb hob ig nixgyvga n magbmf} jg xsghmgx xwhj ox snygx agsygxxmnbx xsmbgx

ymakgx oba ygmhw`omnbx *Fowx 9339-" Xsmbgx {mbkx oba jnybx eo} aghnyog jg hg``

{o``" Qjg jghog fnyex jovg hnvgymbk hnesnxga nf jygg soyx< gsmjgho *hnvgymbk

gsmhnbg- kmya`g s`og *hnvgymbk jg kmya`g- oba j}snjgho *hnvgymbk jg j}snhnbg-

*@ginwy ?=97-" Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg enx`} jovmbk o xmbk`g bwh`gwx ho``ga jg ambndoy}nb"

Qjg ABO mx bn nykobm|mbk oynwba bwh`gnxneo` jmxnbgx mbxgoa fnyembk fmiym``oy

hjynenxnegx jo oyg o`{o}x hnbagbxga oba amvmag jynwkj emnxmx {mj ob gzgybo`

xsmba`g *Xsghny ?=:1-"

9"9 Amxqymiwqmnb nf Ambnf`okg``oqgx

Ambnf`okg``ogx hob ig fnwba {mj =3' mb eoymbg oba ?3' mb fygxj{ogy mb jg oqwomh

gbvmynbegb *Qo}`ny gq o` 933;-" Qjg amxymiwmnb nf ambnf`okg``ogx agsgbax nb {mba oba

hwyygbx `mkj gesgyowyg nz}kgb sJ oba bwymgb wsodg" [mbax s`o} ob mesnyob yn`g

mb jg agvg`nsegb nf fygxj{ogy ambnf`okg``og i`nnex4 {jgjgy mb jgmy vgymho` oba

jnym|nbo` amxymiwmnb *Qo}`ny ?=:;-" Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg hneenb`} xwamga awymbk jgmy

enm`g s`obdnbmh xokg4 h}x%fnyembk ambnf`okg``ogx {jmhj oyg dbn{b fyne o`` nhgobmh

joimox" Qgesgyowyg hob mbf`wgbhg sjnnx}bjgmh yogx oba amvmxmnb yogx wsodg oba

ygxsmyomnb yogx oba hg`` xm|g nf jg ambnf`okg``ogx *Xgmambkgy ?==;-"

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9"8 Ghn`nk} oba Kyn{qj nf Ambnf`okg``oqgx

Ossynzmeog`} ?8?6' nf `mvmbk ambnf`okg``oqgx synawhg o anyeobq ygxqmbk h}xq

*Jgoa ?==6-" H}x fnyeomnb fny ambnf`okg``ogx {ox ioxmho``} yg`oga n jg fnyeomnb nf

xgga qn mbmqmoqg yga qmagx ny Joyefw` O`ko` I`nnex *JOIx- gzmxgbhg ossynohj awg n

gbvmynbegbo` xygxx ygxnwyhgx fny kgbgmh yghneimbomnb amygh xnwyhg nf nzmhm} oba

fohny mb i`nne gyembomnb *Obagyxnb gq o`" 9338-" Qjgygfnyg ambnf`okg``ogx h}xx

synvmag mbfnyeomnb nf eghjobmxex nf xsygoambk oba ygnhhwyygbhg nf JOI *Xmajoyo gq o`"

933:-"

Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg jg xghnba enx oiwbaob fnye nf ownynsjmh `mfg mb jg eoymbg

ghnx}xge" Ox xwhj jg} oyg o jg ioxg nf jg fnna hjomb oba synvmag fnna fny jgyimvnynwx

|nns`obdnb oba xgxxm`g igbjmh xwxsgbxmnb fggagyx" Qjg} hob ig fnwba gmjgy ox fygg%

f`nombk s`obdnbmh ambnf`okg``og n igbjmh joimox ox oohjga {mj jg inne fyne

fygxj{ogy n gxwoymgx oba n j}sgyxo`mbg {ogyx *Fowx 9339-" Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg

}smho``} `oykg%hg``ga nykobmxex xwhj ox Hgyoqmwe Sgymambmwe oba Sgymambmnsxmx"

Ambnf`okg``og hob vgymho``} emkyog ws awymbk jg ao} {jgb jg `mkj mx xynbkgx oba

an{b o bmkj *Yossny ?==6-" Ambnf`okg``ogx oyg jg nb`} sjnnx}bjgmh nykobmxex

hosoi`g nf imn`wembgxhgbhg *Qo}`ny ?=:;-" Xneg xsghmgx {m`` oh ox soyoxmg nb njgy

nykobmxex oba xneg xsghmgx o`xn xwssny hnyo` yggf ghnx}xgex jynwkj x}eimnmh

oxxnhmoqmnbx" Qjmx q}sg nf ambnf`okg``oqg mx ho``ga |nnzobqjg``og"

9"1 Joyefw` O`ko` I`nnex *JOIx-

Eoxx synawhmnbx nf sj}ns`obdnb oyg dbn{b ox o`ko` i`nnex" Xwhj i`nnex hnbomb

jmkj hnbhgbyomnbx nf o`ko` imneoxx" JOIx howxmbk amxhn`nyomnb nf {ogy oyg hneenb`}

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dbn{b ox yga qmagx *Jo``gkyogff, ?==7-" Ambnf`okg``oqg xsghmgx xwhj ox Ambnsj}xmx

O`gzobaymwe oba Synambmwe hob hnboembog xjg``fmxj {mj nzmbx gvgb o vgy} `n{ hg``

hnbhgbyomnb *Jo``gkyogff 9331-" Joyefw` ambnf`okg``ogx oyg ioxmho``} mbamxmbkwmxjoi`g

fyne njgy ambnf`okg``ogx fyne jg xoeg joimox mb jgmy ygxsnbxgx n gesgyowyg

xo`mbm} oba `mkj *Qo}`ny ?=:;-" Fygxj{ogy ambnf`okg``og jox snny xo`mbm} n`gyobhg

{jgyg gxwoymbg oba xneg eoymbg xsghmgx hob n`gyog o {mag xo`mbm} yobkg *Qo}`ny ?=:;-"

Qjgyg oyg amffgygb }sgx nf joyefw` ambnf`okg``og i`nnex" Enx nf jg mbfnyeomnb mx

oaosga fyne Hoeohjn gq o`" *9336-"

o-Xsghmgx {jmhj synawhg ioxmho``} joye`gxx myymomnb hnbammnbx *nanwyx oba.nyamxhn`nyomnb nf {ogy- mb xjg`gyga io}x jo howxgx nz}kgb ags`gmnb" Gzoes`g