teenage maternal competency in breastfeeding and immediate newborn

8/12/2019 Teenage Maternal Competency in Breastfeeding and Immediate Newborn

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Teenage MaternalCompetency in

Breastfeeding and

Immediate Newborn Care

REPORTED BY

!R"NC#E$C" O%I&I" D' N"P"%IT( RN


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INTROD)CTION

Teenage is a transitional period between

c*ild*ood and ad+lt*ood( c*aracteri,ed by

biological( psyc*ological( and social

c*anges' -*en a teenager becomes pregnant( t*e

psyc*ological ad.+stment of pregnancy is

added to t*e c*allenges in t*e transition of

teenagers /%ittleton 0 Engebretson( 12234'
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/


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INTROD)CTION

Teenage mot*ers( t*erefore( *a5e specific needs for

*elp to s+ccessf+lly na5igate t*ro+g* t*e combined

demands of adolescent de5elopment and t*eir role

as a new parent'

&ario+s terms *a5e been +sed to describe t*e role of

becoming a mot*er( from maternal role attainment /

Mercer( 67734 to t*e more recent 5iew of t*e ongoing

process of becoming a mot*er /Mercer( 12284'
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866436/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866436/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866436/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866436/


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INTROD)CTION

Researc*ers identify t*e significance of role identity(

social s+pport relations*ips( and de5elopmental

perspecti5es for t*e adolescent mot*er as s*e

adapts to t*e demands of parenting /

9ee 0 R*odes( 122:4'

In addition( an adolescent;s positi5e self


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INTROD)CTION

" fre=+ently cited as an area of maternal concern are

feeding and newborn care w*ic* are a considerable

portion of t*e daily care t*at mot*ers pro5ide to t*eir

infants /Bowman( 1223

Teenagers are also less cogniti5ely prepared to

engage in newborn care( e>perience more stress in

parenting( and are less adapti5e in t*eir parenting

style w*en compared wit* ad+lt mot*ers /

9ee 0 R*odes( 122:4'
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1804313/


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DE!INITION

Maternal role attainment is a process in w*ic* t*e

mot*er ac*ie5es competence in t*e role and

integrates t*e mot*ering be*a5iors into *er

establis*ed role so t*at s*e is comfortable wit* *er

identity as a mot*er /Mercer and !er?tic*( 67734'

Competence is t*e ac=+isition of ?nowledge s?ills

and abilities at a le5el of e>pertise s+fficient to be

able to perform in an appropriate wor? setting'

/Pintric* and $c*+n?( 677@4'


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DE!INITION

Care of all newborns incl+des immediate and

t*oro+g* drying( s?in to s?in contact of t*e

newborn wit* t*e mot*er( cord clamping and

c+tting after t*e first min+tes after birt*(early initiation of breastfeeding( and

e>cl+si5e breastfeeding /-#O( 126:4


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DE!INITION

Breastfeeding( also called n+rsing( is t*e

process of feeding *+man breast mil? to an

infant( eit*er directly from t*e breast or by

e>pressing /p+mping o+t4 t*e mil? from t*ebreast and bottle


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$I9NI!IC"NCE O! T#E $T)DY

T*is st+dy will be a significant endea5or in

impro5ing ad.+stments and practice of

breastfeeding and immediate newborn care

for teenage mot*ers' T*e st+dy will also bebeneficial for *ealt* care professionals in

ed+cating teenage mot*ers to enable t*em

pro5ide competent care for t*eir

infantsAc*ildren and facilitating en*ancementof maternal role competency'


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$I9NI!IC"NCE O! T#E $T)DY

!inally t*e st+dy res+lt *as an implication for

n+rsing profession beca+se it generates

n+rsing ?nowledge t*at co+ld be

incorporated into t*e care of mot*ers andinfantAc*ildren( gi5es lig*t and indicates

direction to areas of f+t+re researc* in t*is

partic+lar en=+iries'


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T#EORETIC"% !R"ME-OR

Mercer;s Maternal Role "ttainment T*eory

ser5ed as t*e t*eoretical framewor? for t*is

st+dy'

Maternal role attainment is a process inw*ic* t*e mot*er ac*ie5es competence in

t*e role and integrates t*e mot*ering

be*a5iors into *er establis*ed role set( so

t*at s*e is comfortable wit* *er identity as amot*er /Mercer( 673( p' 674'
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1595220/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1595220/


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T*e concepts of MercerFs t*eory center on

t*e bond between mot*er and c*ild w*ic*

fosters competency( confidence and .oy in

t*e mot*er*ood role /Role "ttainment( 12234' !rom a t*eoretical perspecti5e( maternal

competence is a component of t*e maternal

role and is embedded wit*in t*e microsystem

of t*e mot*er'


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$tages of Becoming a Mot*er

T*e concepts of MercerFs t*eory center on t*ebond between mot*er and c*ild w*ic* fosters

competency( confidence and .oy in t*e

mot*er*ood role /Role "ttainment( 12234'

MercerFs original maternal role attainment

t*eory follows a process t*at *as fo+r stages' In

1228 Mercer re5ised t*e terms of t*ese stages

alt*o+g* t*e stages t*emsel5es remainbasically t*e same'


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Commitment( attac*ment( and preparationstage d+ring pregnancy w*en t*e mot*er ma?es

psyc*ological ad.+sts and prepares for t*e

e>pectations of *er new role'

"c=+aintance( learning( and p*ysical

restoration stage w*ic* begins wit* t*e

infantFs birt* w*en t*e role of mot*er is

ass+med and learned in t*e conte>ts of *ersocial system'


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Mo5ing toward a new normal stage in t*efirst few mont*s of t*e infantFs life w*ere t*e

mot*er ma?es *er new role fit *er lifestyle in a

personal way instead of in conte>t wit* a socialsystem'


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"c*ie5ement of maternal identity stage w*ent*e mot*er internali,es *er role and e>periences

a sense of *armony( competence andconfidence w*ic* +s+ally occ+rs abo+t 8

mont*s after birt*'


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Experiences on breastfeeding and

newborn careAdjustments to ensure adherence

and compliance

Attitudes towards breastfeeding

and newborn care

Stress

Social

Support

Family Functioning

commitment, attachment, and preparation

Teenage Maternal Role ompetence

ac!uaintance, learning, and physicalrestoration

mo"ing toward a new normal

achie"ement of maternalidentity


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RE&IE- O! %ITER"T)RE

$elfperiences of

adolescent mot*ers by #G $pear/122@4


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H)E$TION$

-*at is yo+r age w*en yo+ first ga5e birt*

#ow many c*ildren do yo+ *a5e

-*ere do yo+ li5e -it* w*om do yo+ li5e

-*at is yo+r so+rce of income #ow did yo+ breastfeed

#ow and w*ere did yo+ learn breastfeeding

-*at can yo+ say w*en yo+ first breastfeed


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H)E$TION$

#ow did yo+ do immediate newborn care

#ow and w*ere did yo+ learn immediate

newborn care

Do yo+ *a5e prenatal c*ec?


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H)E$TION$

Do yo+ follow t*e prenatal c*ec? +p

sc*ed+le If yes( w*y If no( w*y

-*at ad.+stments did yo+ do to ens+re

ad*erence and compliance -*at do yo+ s+ggest for teenage mot*ers

li?e yo+ to *elp impro5e t*e ad.+stments and

practice of breastfeeding and immediate

newborn care to ens+re ad*erence and

compliance


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"DDITION"% H)E$TION$

-*at was yo+r birt*ing e>perience

#ow was yo+r e>perience as a teenage

mot*er

-*at were t*e ad.+stments made from t*etransition of being a teenager to being a

mot*er

Can yo+ tell t*at yo+ *a5e been a competent

mot*er If yes( w*y If no( w*y

-*at are yo+r f+t+re plans


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CONC%)$ION

T*e present st+dy fo+nd t*at teenage

mot*ers *a5e barriers in attaining maternal

competence' One of t*em is t*e lac? in

?nowledge of breastfeeding and newborncare' T*ey solely rely for information on t*eir

social s+pport w*ic* is composed of

significant ot*ers and *ealt* professionals

considering t*eir mot*ers as t*e primaryso+rce of social s+pport'


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CONC%)$ION

Teenage mot*ers are mostly 5+lnerable to

stress since t*ey *a5e m+ltiple roles t*+s

neglecting ot*er maternal roles li?e e>cl+si5e

breastfeeding' #owe5er( t*ey stri5e toimpro5e t*eir maternal competence and *a5e

a positi5e 5iew abo+t mot*er*ood'


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CONC%)$ION

T*eir maternal role competence is based

from t*eir attit+des( e>periences and

ad.+stments w*ic* were mainly infl+enced

by t*eir microsystem' $ocial s+pport playsan integral role in en*ancing teenage

maternal competence'


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CONC%)$ION

By increasing t*eir +nderstanding of teenage

mot*ersF meaning of t*e e>perience of

becoming a parent( n+rses and c*ildbirt*

ed+cators can de5elop additional programs(acti5ities( and ed+cational opport+nities t*at

assist teenage mot*ers wit* t*eir f+t+re

goals and aspirations'


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T#E END

teenage maternal competency in breastfeeding and immediate newborn

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