Technology Demonstration Component

National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)

VADAVATHUR VILLAGE, NAMAKKAL DISTRICT.

Tamil Nadu

B.Mohan

Programme Coordinator

TANUVAS - Krishi Vigyan Kendra

Veterinary College and Research Institute Campus,

Namakkal, Tamil Nadu.

Technology Demonstration Site

Village(s) : Vadavathur & JambumadaiPanchayat: VadavathurTaluk:NamakkalPopulation : 2850

No. of households : 869

Cultivated area : 124 ha

Major crops : Onion,

Ground nut, Sorghum

Source of irrigation :

Open wells - 374 nos

Bore wells - 125 nos

Community water bodies

: 4 pondsMajor climate challenge:

Drought Average annual rainfall:410 mm

Latitude:11.9241NLongitude: 78.11917E / 531 MSL

Major Challenges

• Drought ( Frequent Dry spells above 20 days)

• Annual Rainfall – 410 mm

• One Crop – Onion or Sorghum

• Eight months farmers migrate to urban area for job

Natural Resources Management

Community Ponds

Community Pond – 1 – Out come

Capacity12 lakhs CFT

Present storage4 lakhs CFT

Water table

increased

39 wells by 8 to 12

ft

27 acres onionGrown

Community Pond -2 AayiramKuttai

Capacity12 lakhs CFT

Present storage8 lakhs CFT

43 acres onion grown

Natural Resources Management

Individual farm ponds

Conventional temporary water storage pond

Polythene sheet lined water storage tankPond formation by farmer ( Rs.12,000)

Plastic lining by NICRA scheme ( Rs.14,000)

Stocking fingerlings in temporary water storage pond

Temporary water storage ponds – Plastic lining - Outcome

Crops cultivated before NICRA

Crops cultivated after NICRA

Pond area(L X B X H)

Area irrigated

Onion,

Sorghum

30 cents / day

= 2.1 acres

Turmeric,

Onion,

Snake gourd

& Ridge gourd

70x60X6 feet

(1,10,000 lts)

40 cents/day

= 2.8 acres

Temporary water storage ponds – Plastic lining - Outcome

Crops cultivated before NICRA

Crops cultivated after NICRA

Pond area(L X B X H)

Area irrigated

Onion ,

Bhendi

20 cents /day=1.4 acres

Onion,

Red gram,

Cluster bean

57x40x6 feet

(63000 lts)30 cents

/day=2.1acres

CROPS

Groundnut

Technology demonstrated 1.Variety ‐TMV ‐13, CO – 6 ( Drought tolerant)

2. Micronutrient Mixture (TNAU ‐ Groundnut rich)

3.Intercropping of Groundnut with Red gram

4.Groundnut seed Production ‐TMV 13 and CO 6

5.Conservation of Groundnut Haulms

Drought tolerant Ground nut - TMV 13

•Based on the past 17 year (1994-2011) rain fall data, •August 2 nd or 3 rd week is optimum time of sowing for rainfed crops

TMV 13 Groundnut

SowingJuly 15th to

30th

Dry Spell from 20th

July to 15th

Aug Rain fall -348 mm

26 rainy days July and

August Max temp

37.9 0c and 39.5 0c

Haulm yield1250 kg/ac in

TMV 13 vs760 kg in

TMV 7

Pod yield 640 kg /ac in TMV13

vs450 kg in

TMV 7 Groundnut TMV 13

recommended

Onion

1.Small onion- Farm pond lining with plastic sheet.

Farmer Before After Observations

Onion (Bulb) Before After

P.Ramar,Vadavathur-9585587336

0.5 acre

0.75 acre

Weight bulb cluster

(3 -5 bulbs)

9 - 11 g 23 - 25 g

Water loss 15 cm /day

5 cm / day

Shrinkage loss & unmarketable

bulbs :

720 kg/15 cent

560 kg /15 cent

2.Mobile Sprinkler to remove frost

Temp – min 120 C to 140 c - for 17 days Management of Tip drying in onion

(Dew drops) by Rope method

Losses minimized : 3 tonnes / 24 acre

3.Drip irrigation for onion ( 4.35 acres)

Drip irrigation for small onion intercropping with Turmeric

.

Before After ObservationsOnion (BULB) Before After

1.40 acre

Onion + Turmeric Sorghum

2.5 acre

Onion + Turmeric Groundnut

Weight - bulb cluster

(3 -5bulbs)

15 g 23 g

1.45 acre

Onion +TurmericGroundnut

2.5 acres

Onion , Lab lab,Bhendi, Fodder

Irrigation frequency

- Once in6 days

Flower crops

Drought tolerant Flower crops ( Peak temp 37 to 39.2o C for 64 days)

Before After

Jasmine= 33.75 % survived

67.2% survivedVariety Ramanathapuram

TuberoseVar.Boomudi 64% survived

87 % survivedVariety Prajwal.

Fodder

Fodder – Bajra Napier Grass (CO 4) – 89000 slips for 5.3 acres

Temp 37 to 39.20 C ( 64 days.)Irrigation once in 15days.76 % of the plants survived.

Yield – SummerApr to Aug (25t /acre)

( Day light was 1.5hours more and intense)Vs Winter ( Oct to Feb) (18 t/acre)

Fodder – Multicut fodder Sorghum (COFS 29) 29. 5kg supplied for 7 acres

Temp 37 to 39.20 C ( 64 days ).

No Irrigation for 3 months.

88 % of the plants had re‐ growth after first NE rain.

Total yield 35 t /acre/year

Withstood trampling by goats

Survived even once in 20 days irrigation

Conservation of dry fodder to mitigate droughtCrops No.of

farmersTotal

Dry fodder yield ( t )

Total number of animals fed

No of days dry fodder was

available

Sorghum(CO30)

15 44 Dairy cattle ‐60

73

Ground nut Haulms

( TMV 13)

17 11.4 Dairy cattle ‐34

Goats ‐ 85

34

Fodder seed packing ‐6318 kgs in 11 months period

Fodder seed packed and suppliedS.No Buyers Quantity

(kgs)

1 Animal Husbandry 2041

2 Dairy Cooperative 254

3 TANUVAS 521

4 KVK’S 1765 District Water Shed

Development Agency2289

6 Farmers 8727 Andhra Pradesh & Kerala 165

Total 6318 kgs

Dairy

Dairy Population : Cow -302, Buffalo-21

Nearest Veterinary Dispensary : 8 KM

1.NICRA - Artificial Insemination Center.Cattle inseminated - 64Pregnant Cows – 14Pregnant Buffaloes – 5Calves born by A.I. – 6 Success Rate of AI – 39 %Income per insemination – Rs. 40/-

2.TN Cooperative Milk Society (Aavin)- ( Members - 26 ) Milk collection per day – 135 Lts.

3.Credit Linkage : 16 farmers @ 50,000/farmer for 2 cows

4.Mineral Mixture supplementation

• Infertility in Cattle: upto 46%

• ( Soil is deficient in Cu ( 34%) and Mn ( 88% ) Fe (89%) Zn (100%)

• 200 kg of Mineral mixture has been given to beneficiaries, to reduce the rate of infertility in cattle.

Soil Analysis (110 samples) –Organic Carbon.%

S.No Range Category No of samples

(%)1 <0.5% Low 72(65.4%)

2 0.5 - 0.75% Medium 38(34.5%)

3 >0.75% High -

5. Vermicomposting –Silpaulin bags (10 units)

Sheep and Goat

NARI SWARNA X MEICHERI TELLICHERY X NATIVE BLACK

SHEEP AND GOAT1.GENETIC UPGRADATION

Goat - (Tellicherry, Sirohi) & Sheep (NARI Swarna) PARAMETERS NARI SWARNA F1 TELLICHERRY CROSS

Sheep / goat distributed 4 Rams, 2 Ewes 5 Bucks

Birth weight / kid 2.8 Kg. ( Local 2.4 kg) 3.0 kg ( Local 2.6 kg)

6 months weight/ kid Ave.22 kg. ( Local -18 kg) Ave.23 Kg ( Local 17 kg)

Females crossed 23 35

Lambs / Kids born 14 28

2.Housing for goatTemp from Apr to Aug ( 34 to 39.20 c)Sep to Nov – 240 mm rain in 14 days

Old Goat Shed

Kid mortality 7% due to insufficient milk,Coccidiosis, Tape worm ,and PPR outbreaksKiding interval 9 monthsAvg. Monthly Weight gain – 2.2 kg

Kid mortality only 3% ‐ sufficient milk,Less morbidity due to PPR, Coccidiosis.

Kiding interval 8 months

Avg. Monthly Weight gain – 2.8 kg

New slatted floor shed

3.Mineral Lick making ‐242 cakes

Desi chicken

InterventionsProblem – Mortality due to predators – upto 35%

1.Semi intensive housing of Desi chicken –Rs.3500 / for 100 birds

2. Breed improvement – Namakkal chicken ‐1Parameters Before After

Desi Bird breed Aseel only Aseel Cross, Namakkal Chicken – 1

Egg yield /Year 60 160 - 200 Hatching Natural Brooding Incubator

Hatchability % 45% 65%Vaccination No vaccination Ranikhet and Fowl Pox Mortality % 35% (Due to Ranikhet) 5% (Chick mortality)

3. COMMUNITY INCUBATOR - 400 EGGS / HATCHING CAPACITY

Farmers benefited : 23

No. of chicks hatched out : 623.

Sale Price/chick : Rs.40

Net Income : Rs.15/chick

Custom Hiring Charges : Rs.7/ Desi bird egg

3. Ranikhet Disease free village

Out breaks – Temp above 350 C for one week. ( Feb, May and Aug 2012) ‐ Alert system for vaccination.1046 birds vaccinatedHI titer : Vaccinated birds – 128, Unvaccinated ‐ 22

Vaccinators trained : 6

Major Constraints

Community Incubator: Electricity shortage.850 VA capacity UPS, and 180Ah Battery

Custom Hiring CentreS.No Equipment No. of beneficiaries Revenue Generated (Rs)

1. Rotavator 177 1,03,200.00

2. Spring cultivator 169 79,110.00

3. Seed cum fertilizer drill 26 16,415.00

4. Bund former 4 3,500.00

5. Weighing balance 51 724.00

6. Battery operated sprayer 16 920.00

7. Mobile sprinkler 12 3622.50

8. Chain block 8 4000.00

9. Incubator 12 4330.00

Total 475 2,15,821.50

10. Total Expenses 1,37,426.00

11. Net Income 78,395.00

Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC)Name of the

VCRMCVillage name

No. of members

Bank details

A/C no. Amount (Rs.)

Thalamalaiyan Pasumai Iyyakkam

Vadavathur 19 945133345 31,945.00

Porkalangium Jambumadai 12 6001310768 14,324.00

13 6017391718 12,715.00Mullai

12/11/2012

Convergence with NREGS

After NICRA intervention an Indian bank has started functioning

Cross learningVillupuram Dt. NICRA farmers

Cross learningChinthamani KVK NICRA farmers

Sharing our Experience ATMA – District Farmers Scientist meet

124 farmers from 6 blocks and 32 extension functionaries

Major lesson learnt

Temp Sep2011

Oct2011

Nov2011

Dec2011

Jan2012

Feb2012

Mar2012

Apr2012

May2012

Jun2012

Jul2012

Aug2012

Max 34.2 32.4 29.9 30.6 31.5 34.5 36.8 37.4 37.1 36.3 34.1 34.9

Min 25.7 22.1 20.9 18.7 16.9 12.6 20.0 24.5 25.1 25.2 24.0 24.2

RainFall

(mm)

86 202 95 19 1 0 0 32 44 0 14.2 31

Rainy days

7 15 7 2 - - - 3 4 0 2 2

MA JOR CROPPING SEASON

ONION Jasmine JasmineGROUND NUT & RED GRAM Tuberose Tuberose

SORGHUM Tapioca TapiocaDAIRY CATTLE ( Daily income )DESI BIRDS ( Weekly Income )

SHEEP & GOAT ( Yearly Income )

In Drought areasIntegrated Farming System (IFS)

Thank youTANUVAS- Krishi Vigyan Kendra

Namakkal-637 002, Tamil Nadu.