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Add: 12212 Ashling Dr Stafford, TX, 77477 Tel: +1713 893 4784

CHINA Add:Nanopolis Suzhou: NW02, Room 110, 99 JinjiLake Avenue,Jiangsu Province, P.R. China. Zip: 215123 Tel: +86 512-6999 5236 Fax: +86 512-6999 5237 E-mail: [email protected]

Difference between BERO™ Biosurfactant Method and Other Enhanced

Oil Recovery Methods

Comparison between BERO™ biosurfactant technology and technologies

such as acidification, fracturing and polymer flooding:

As for conventional technologies such as acidification, polymer flooding and

fracturing, due to their own limitations, they cannot achieve ideal effect or only

have short-term effect and may cause secondary pollution of reservoir. For

instance, if acidification is adopted to remove plug, high acid concentration is

required, effective action radius is often small and substances dissolved by

acid may cause new plug, so it only has short-term effect. This method

possibly results in damage of reservoir and environment and corrosion of

equipment. As for fracturing, it can only act on fractures and will fast increase

water cut. As for polymer flooding, produced wastewater not only has high oil

content, but also contains a lot of polymer, thus increasing liquid viscosity,

improving the oil carrying capability of liquid and also increasing difficulty in

water-oil separation.

Acidification Polymer Chemistry Water Injection Bacterial BERO™

Success Rate 80% 80% 90% 80% 90% UP

Recovery

Effect 40% 50% 70% 20-100% 120% UP

Effectiveness 3 m 3 m 12 m 3-6 m 12 m

Side Effect

Pollution of

water and soil,

secondary

scaling

Pollution of water and

soil, secondary

scaling

Use large water,

formation water

pollution;

secondary scaling

Biodegradable, no-

polluting, but

requires ongoing

maintenance

Biodegradable,no

polluting, no

maintenance

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Acidizing

Techniques Polymer Water Injection

Bacteria

technology BERO™

Success Ratio 80% 80% 90% 80% 90% and above

Increase Effect 40% 50% 70% 20-100% 120% and above

Utility cycle 3 months 3 months 12 months 3-6 months 12 months

Side Effect

Pollution of

water and

soil;The

secondary

scale

Pollution of

water and

soil;The

secondary

scale

Huge water

consumption;

Formation water

pollution; The

secondary scale

Biodegradation, no

pollution, but the

need for nutrient

solution was

injected to foster

Biodegradable,No

pollution;No

maintenance cost

Compared with the above methods, BERO™ biosurfactant technology

prevents their disadvantages perfectly:

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(I) It can work under the condition of low concentration (0.5%); it has the same

density as water and is hydrophilic; it can diffuse through penetration while it is

pushed into formation, so it has larger action radius;

(II) It can be firmly adsorbed on rock surface and keep rock surface wettable

so as to prevent wax plugging and maintain plugging removal effect;

(III) It can completely release oil from rock surface, increase the relative

penetrability of oil so as to lower water cut;

(IV) It is a non-acidified preparation and will not cause secondary pollution of

reservoir or disturb crude oil dehydration and sewage treatment systems and

can prevent secondary plugging since it produces no other new product during

reaction;

(V) It is biologically degradable, will not corrode or pollute facilities (such as

pipes) and surrounding environment or do harm to human or animals, so it is

an environmentally friendly product;

(VI) This product totally meets the HSE requirements for working environment

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during oilfield development.

Comparison between BERO™ biosurfactant technology and other

microbial enhanced oil recovery:

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (hereinafter referred to as MEOR) is a green

and environmentally friendly technology having high technology content and

rapidly developing in the field of enhanced oil recovery and oil-related

environmental protection at home and abroad. At present, due to the import of

high-tech technologies and the influence of concept ambiguity of oilfield

service providers at home and abroad, MEOR is commonly considered as

endogenous (heterologous) microbial enhanced oil recovery which has been

researched and tested for many years in China (such as MEOR mentioned in

“Petroleum Science” at the website of CNPC). In fact, to the knowledge of

international enhanced oil recovery industry, MEOR is the general name for

biological enhanced oil recovery technologies and it can be divided by

mechanisms as follows: endogenous (heterologous) microbial enhanced oil

recovery (i.e. bacteria process) and enhanced oil recovery using bio-enzyme.

Enzyme 1

(US company)

Enzyme 2

(Norway) BERO™

Success Rate 80% 90% 90%up

Oil Gain % 50% 20% ≥120%

Effective period 3-6 months 12 months 12 months up

Stability No Yes Yes

Application IFT Reduction

IFT Reduction

Reservoir Plugging

Removal

IFT Reduction

Reservoir Plugging

Removal

Max Temperature 70°C 180°C 220°C

Endogenous (heterologous) technology utilizes the product produced from the

reaction of bacteria to conduct enhanced oil recovery and inevitably has the

disadvantages that the selection, survival, adaptability, reproduction, reaction,

mutation and degradation and the like of bacteria which are complicated and

easily affected by uncertainty and have slow effect. BERO™ biosurfactant

technology utilizes bio-enzyme to directly act on the target and enzyme is an

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internationally recognized efficient, stable, mild and specific microorganism

and can specifically facilitate a certain reaction without participating in the

reaction and allow high reaction efficiency, mild reaction condition, little

pollution caused by reaction product, low energy consumption and easily

controlled reaction. Therefore, BERO™ biosurfactant can reduce oil content of

mud by about 0.20% within 60 seconds, will not be affected by temperature,

pressure, acid, alkali and water salinity and has strong adaptability and

controllability. It can be firmly adsorbed on rock surface and keep rock surface

wettable for a long time, thus maintaining long-term plugging removal effect;

after reaction, BERO™ biosurfactant is reduced to original state. BERO™

biosurfactant technology has inherent advantages, provides high efficiency

and stability, strong adaptability and fast effect and has long lasting time.

In addition, Endogenous (heterologous) technology requires a lot of analysis

and study at the earlier stage of construction and input of a lot of labor force to

conduct monitoring and research after construction, and also requires periodic

supplementation of nutrient solution and gas and cannot be easily understood

by production managers who are not familiar with biological methods. However,

BERO™ biosurfactant technology only needs the existing data at the earlier

stage of construction; it can develop construction plan without a lot of extra

experiments; it has simple process which does not require a lot of labor force

and materials during construction; it does not need any subsequent work after

construction; it is easily accepted by oilfield production personnel and has

strong operability.

To sum up, BERO™ biosurfactant is used for improving oil recovery rate and

solving pollution problem during oilfield production and is the best method for

stimulation and improving oil recovery rate in the world. It will enable enhanced

oil recovery to make a revolutionary process.

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