technology and engineering autolevell and theodolite introduction mapping and surveing department
TRANSCRIPT
Technology and Engineering
Description of Aitolevel
An autolevel is a kind of instrument, scope in surveying and mapping which is usual to measure the difference oh high between certain point and others point. And also uses in measuring distance, which is called optical distance
Technology and Engineering
Kinds of Autolevel
1. Rigid aotolevel This instrument has a very simple
construction. The characteristics are as follow:
1. The viewfinder line is perpendiculair with the first spindle.
2. The nivo alignment is equal with the viewfinder’s line
3. The nivo alignment is perpendiculair with the first spindle
Technology and Engineering
PART OF RIGID AUTOLEVEL
Pay attention on this image :
A
A
B B
Telescope
Top standard
Diaphragm driving force screw
Alignment
Centering set screw
Bottom standard
Image 1 : rigid autolevel
Nivo tube
Oculer lens
Objective lens
Technology and Engineering
PART OF RIGID AUTOLEVEL
Description of image 1 :o Telescope: there are objective and oculair lens
inside, also alignment, a shadow line which connecting intersection with the diaphragm cross thread
o Nivo tube: it is used as the setting of guideline, in order that the alignment is equal with the reference line
o Oculair lens : a lens at the back of the telescopeo Centering set screw : three screws to set the
bubble of the nivo in order that it’s the position will be in the centre
Technology and Engineering
PART OF RIGID AUTOLEVEL
o Objective lens : a lens in front of the telescope
o Top standard: main base where the top of the three screws located
o Ring/ diaphragm regulator : instrument to set the target picture
o Bottom standard : base that support the static head
Technology and Engineering
2. Up Down autolevel In this instrument, the top and the bottom
part is separated by a hinge. So that the telescope can play up or down to make the position of the alignment is perpendiculair with the first spindle.
Technology and Engineering
PART OF UP DOWN AUTOLEVEL
Pay attention on this image :
A
A
B B
Telescope
Top StandardLever screw
Centering set screw
Bottom satndard
Image 2 : Up Down Autolevel
Nivo Tube
Ocular lens
Alignment
Objective lens
Technology and Engineering
PART OF UP DOWN AUTOLEVEL
Description :o Telescope: it is different from telescope in rigid
autolevel because there is a nivo tube in it.o Nivo tube : nivo used as a guideline of
perpendicular of alignment and nivo reference lineo Top standard : place of nivo box and hingeo Up down screw : to play telescope up or down so
that the nivo balance is in balance. o Bottom standard : base that support the static
head
Technology and Engineering
PART OF UP DOWN AUTOLEVEL
o Centering set screw : the three screws to set the nivo bubble so that the first spindle is perpendicular with the reference field.
o Nivo box : nivo as a guideline for the first spindle perpendicular with the nivo reference field
o Hinge : connector between top and bottom part in order taht the telescope can be played up or down
Technology and Engineering
3. Automatic Autolevel This instrument has been completed with
an automatic compensator. Although the factory doesn’t make the alignment perpendicular with the first spindle, but, if the nivo bubble is in the centre, it is automatically that all the conditions has completed.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa
PART OF THE AUTOMATIC AUTOLEVEL
Pay attention on the image:
A
A
B B
Telescope
Alignment
Centering Set Screw
Bottom Standard
Image 3 : Automatic Autolevel
Nivo Box
Ocular Lens
Technology and Engineering
PART OF AUTOMATIC AUTOLEVEL
Description :o Bottom Standard: base that support on static head and has
locker screw holeo Centering set screw : the three screws to set the nivo bubble
so that the first spindle is perpendicular with the reference field.
o Top Standard : location of nivo box and hinge .o Telescope: consist of three parts: objective lens, upholder
prism (a and b), two autofocus lens, two glasses for cross thread diaphragm scratches, and three parts of lens to set the shadow of cross thread
Technology and Engineering
PART OF AUTOMATIC AUTOLEVEL
o Flat circle : a circle where the angle scale is written from 0 degree up to 360 degree.
o Autofocus knob : a knob to set the sharpness of the target which there is a point so that it can move in every direction
Technology and Engineering
Kinds of Model of Autolevel
This model is Wildbeerburg Swizertland autolevelThis instrument is used for measuring high differences and measuring distance In survey and maping job, this instrument is used for determining vertical position
Technology and Engineering
Kinds of Model of Autolevel
This is model Nicon AP-5 Japan fabrication.This instrument is used for measuring high differences and measuring distance In survey and maping job, this instrument is used for determining vertical position
Technology and Engineering
Kinds of Model of Autolevel
This is model Topcon AT-F4 Japan fabrication. This instrument is used for measuring high differences and measuring distance In survey and maping job, this instrument is used for determining vertical position
Technology and Engineering
Kinds of Model of Autolevel
This is model Topcon AT-F4 Japan fabrication. This instrument is used for measuring high differences and measuring distance In survey and maping job, this instrument is used for determining vertical position
Technology and Engineering
DESCRIPTION OF THEODILITE
Theodolite is an instrument in surveying and mapping scope. This instrument is used in measuring flat angle, zenith, and also measuring optical distance through tachymetry method.
Technology and Engineering
PART OF THEODOLITE
1. Top Part a. Telescope which has no differnces with
autolevel, completed with alignment. b. Vertical scale circle c. Flat spindle where the telescope and the
vertical circle can move around. d. Flat circle index reading
Technology and Engineering
PART OF THEODOLITE
2. Middle Part a. Buffer; supporting flat spindle. b. Flat circle index reading which is concentric with
the first flat circle c. Vertical spindle, where the top and the middle
part can go around it. d. Nivo tube, to set spindle and nivo reference field
must be in perpendicular.
Technology and Engineering
PART OF THEODOLITE
3. Bottom Part a. Flat scale circle which rotate the vertical
spindle. b. Tripod c. Three base screws
Technology and Engineering
KIND OF THEODOLITE
1. Reiteration Theodolite An instrument to measure flat/hillside angle, optical
distance, and high differences. Flat scale circle is ignited on the box, so that the flat scale cannot be played. Flat circle reading for certain target can’t be set into zero point.Angle which formed by alignment is focused on two targets:1. Top Angle ( M – B)2. Bottom Angle ( B – M)
Teknologi dan Rekayasa
PART OF REITERATION THEODOLIT
Pay attention on the image:
TELESCOPE
SPINDLE-I
SPINDLE-II
HORIZONTAL SPINDLE SUPPORT
BASE
VERTICAL SCALE CIRCLE
NIVO INDEX
Image 4 : Reiteration Theodolite
Technology and Engineering
1. Repetition Thedolite Principally, this instrument is not different
with reiteration theodolite. However, they have differences in the construction. The flat scale circle can be played (up to 0 degree) and also can rotate the vertcal spindle.
Technology and Engineering
PART OF REPETITION THEODOLITE
Pay attention on this model :
TELESCOPE
SPINDLE-I
SPINDLE-II
HORIZONTAL SPINDLE SUPPORT
BASE
VERTICAL CIRCLE NIVO INDEX
IMAGE 5 : REPETITION THEODOLITE
VERTICAL SCALE CIRCLE
REPETITION SCREW
BASEBASE
SCREW
Technology and Engineering
Models of Theodolite
This model is Topcon T.38 ATD Japan product. This instrument is used for measuring flat angle, zenith, an optical distance. In surveying and mapping job, this is usually used to determine horizontal position, topography mapping and civil engineering survey
Technology and Engineering
Models of Theodolite
This model is Topcon T.20 DF Japan product. This instrument is used for measuring flat angle, zenith, an optical distance. In surveying and mapping job, this is usually used to determine horizontal position, topography mapping and civil engineering survey
Technology and Engineering
Models of Theodolite
This model is Widheerburg T.0 Swizhertland product. This instrument is used for measuring flat angle, zenith, an optical distance. In surveying and mapping job, this is usually used to determine horizontal position, topography mapping and civil engineering survey
Technology and Engineering
Total Station Model
This model is Digital Total Station Sokkisa Jepang production. This instrument is used for measuring flat angle, zenith, an optical distance. In surveying and mapping job, this is usually used to determine horizontal position, topography mapping and civil engineering survey