Technological options on tryps and tsetse management—Experiences from Ghibe

Valley

Woudyalew Mulatu and Tadelle Dessie

ILRI-EIAR-SLU Workshop on Sharing Research Results on Trypanotolerance in Indigenous Cattle Breeds and Experiences of Community Based Breed

Improvement of Indigenous Sheep in Ethiopia—A Road Map for Implementation and Future R4D

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 15-16 November 2011

ILRI has been conducting research on cattle trypanosomosis to:

1. Develop, test and demonstrate effective methods of managing tsetse flies and Trypanosomosis

2. Assess mechanisms for sustainable animal health service delivery geared towards tsetse/trypanosomosis control

Purpose:To increase livestock/ agricultural production in tsetse/trypanosomosis infested areas through research.

Background (1)

Why research on trypanosomosis?

About 10 million sq.km of the continent is infested with tsetse flies (150,000 –200,000sq. km in Ethiopia)

Farmers in these are unable to use animal power for cultivation.

Plowing the land is mostly by hand hoe, increasing the risk of crop failure and famine,

Every year the continent loses over 1 billion US dollars to control the disease/vector,

Each year, African trypanosomosis kills over 3 million domestic animals,

Tsetse born trypanosomosis

Tryps/Tsetse distribution

Lowered traction power, birth, milk yield, debilitating and death of animal

Effect of trypanosomosis

Options to control tsetse/tryps

Cont…

Map showing ILRI-Ghibe research site

4-Zones , 5-Woredas & 16-villages in the Ghibe valley

Technologies tested in Ghibe

Community training &participation

• Targets were effective but not sustainable (bushfire, theft etc.)

Results

Targets were effective but not sustainable (bushfire, theft etc.)

Results

Results on pour-on use

Pour-on was effective and sustainable, cost recovery charge imposed

Famers perception on pour-on

Certificate of Tryps/tsetse control cooperatives

• A model for community-managed animal health service delivery,• Reduction in the tsetse and trypanosomosis burden following

service cooperatives,

• Increased capacity within the Ghibe community to manage animal health service delivery,

• Increased understanding of the use of livestock as a way out of poverty,

• Trust developed• Increased demand for drug supply • Farmers willingness to pay for the drug

What are the outputs from participatory control?

Cont…

• The demands for such services have grown up in and out side the area

• The Ghibe community Service coop is no under funding threats, farmers use own resources.

Trypanotolerant - EIAR and ILRI joint project

Project to study on the existence of local Trypanotolerant animals in Ethiopia was initiated by EIAR and ILRI as a joint venture in 2000 ( Sheko, Nuer/Abigar, Horro, Gurage breeds)

Results

The study has indicated that the Sheko has better trypanotolerance traits than the other three breeds

Better control of anaemia (PCV values) Better control of infections-parasitaemia? Required the least trypanocidal treatment assistance

per year than all other breeds (Table 1) (p<0.05) Suffered less abortions and produced more calves than the

rest The Horro breed had the highest survival rate mainly by

tolerating PCV depression and responding better to treatment

Evaluation of traction ability of Sheko cattle breed under natural challenge of trypanosomosis in the

Ghibe valley, Ethiopia

CHARACTERIZATION OF ABIGAR (NUER) CATTLE BREED AT ITS PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT IN

GAMBELLA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

24

Nakachew MinuyeSchool of Graduate Studies

Department of Animal & Range Sciences

Advisors: Girma Abebe (PhD) Tadelle Dessie (PhD)

January 2010

• Production and productivity level better than the Ghibe valley Abigar cattle breed

good milk yieldVery docileWell adapted to the env’t Hardy in response to stress

factorsModerately trypanotolerant

Characterization of Mursi Cattle Breed in Its Production Environment in Salamago Wereda, SNNP Regional State,

Ethiopia

Advisors: Dr. Tadelle Dessie

Dr. Aynalem Haile

Dr. Woudyalew Mulatu

26

September 2010

BY: Endashaw Terefe

Mursi

• The Mursi cattle breed survives and produces in area where trypanosomosis is prevalent for a long period with low or absent any prevention or control means

• The trypanotolerant ability of the breed has to be studied/confirmed using phenotypic as well appropriate molecular techniques

Thank you.