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Technological challenges and opportunities in Systems Integration P. Fossier CTO Land & Air Systems THALES

ICAS PC MEETING – KRAKOW – AUGUST 2015

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What is complexity ?

8 Galileo 9 UE single sky

7 UAV systems

1 3 Airport solutions

IR Camera, Airborne computer 2

Radar, Navigation systems

4 5

Avionics Suites, FMS,

ATM automation systems

6 Single Service

Component

Equipment

Composed Services

Composed Systems

Super systems

System of Systems

up to Eco-system

(Co-Existence)

Stand alone

Autonomous

Interconnected

Integrated

Collaborating

Interacting

Sharing

Multi customer

Interaction

System

scale

Capability driven system architecture

Complexity comes from complex interactions between operational needs, capability and

services, business processes and organisations

Functions driven system architecture

Complexity mainly relies on high level of interaction between functions, non functional

constraints, interfaces, data, components

Technology driven system architecture

Complexity mainly relies on hardware, technologies and algorithms.

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Yesterday (2000-2010) : Technology driven (1/2)

9 8 7

4 5

6 2 3 1

Single Service

Component

Equipment

Composed Services

Composed Systems

Super systems

System of Systems

up to Eco-system

(Co-Existence)

Stand alone

Autonomous

Interconnected

Integrated

Collaborating

Interacting

Sharing

Multi customer

Interaction

System scale

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Yesterday (2000-2010) : Technology driven (2/2)

▌System engineering rationale

Requirement engineering

Physical Analysis

Technical Simulation

▌Future challenges

New technologies, new materials

Increased computational power

“Multi-physics” approach & simulations

Complex algorithms

▌Examples

Electronic scanning / multifunction radar for airport

Laser anemometry, CAT detection, ..

Nano-technologies

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Today (2010 – 2020) : Functions driven

9 8 7

4 5

6 2 3 1

Single Service

Component

Equipment

Composed Services

Composed Systems

Super systems

System of Systems

up to Eco-system

(Co-Existence)

Stand alone

Autonomous

Interconnected

Integrated

Collaborating

Interacting

Sharing

Multi customer

Interaction

System scale

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From requirement modelling… to architecture modelling

Generation of Specification and

Design document

Transition to sub-level / acquisition

Operational Analysis

Functional Analysis

Architecture

Sub-Systems /

Components

Ea

rly V

alid

atio

n /

Pe

rform

an

ce

s

Customer (or upper level)

Requirements

2010

Re

qu

irem

en

ts

Re

fine

me

nt

late discovery of design issues during IVVQ => early validation of

the architecture

Specification and Design document

Transition to sub-level / acquisition

1990

Implicit

mastering

of complexity

Customer (or upper

level) Requirements

Re

qu

irem

en

ts

Re

fine

me

nt

Tec

hn

ica

l

Sim

ula

tion

s

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Model-based Architecture (MBSE) : ARCADIA@ Thales

LC3

F2

F1 F4

F5

F3

System Functional

Model

Logical Architecture

Model

Functions

F21

F1

F6

LC2 F22

A1 A3

A2

F3

LC1

Operational Analysis

Model Activities

Logical

Components

PC2 PC12

PC1’ PC3

PC4

PC11

Behavioural

Components Physical Architecture

Model

Processors

Buses

Implementation

Components

F1

F6

F21 F22

F7

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Tooled-up process : from specification to implementation

SSS

IRS

SRS

Module SSS

Module SSDD

Génération

Génération

ARCADIA

System

Architecture

Model

CAPELLA DOORS

Specific processes

« Métiers »

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Upstream MBSE : Concept Development & Experimentation

Multicriteria analysis

Evaluation

Experimentation

Modelling of

operational architectures

And high level architectures Execution

of the models

for validation Needs identification

Formalisation

Performances evaluation

Sizing and optimisation

Illustration

CD&E and Architecting

A key input to Engineering

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Downstream MBSE : Early validation

Virtual integration &

verification test bench

(developer environment)

Aircraft models

Aircraft environment models

.xml eBus interface

Soft test bench

System

interfaces

Tooled up

generation Reference

architecture

eBus interface contract eBus interface contract .xml .xml

Virtual Ethernet wiring (eBUS)

Prototype (HW + SW) Prototype (HW + SW)

Real Software Real Software

Product Line model #1 Product Line model #n

Operational models Operational models

From System models and simulations to System test bench

• Scalability and Agility in system testing

• Fostering early validation

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MBSE : what’s next ? Three challenges

▌Challenge 1 : Federating Models / Simulations => MBSE Consistency

Safety, security, … multi-physical

How do we know that multiple models are describing the same system?

How do we know that simulations operate in a consistent context /

environment ? What about scenario relevance ?

▌Challenge 2 : Eliciting, expressing, comparing candidate solutions

How do we accelerate impact analysis and decision making?

▌Challenge 3 : Multi-criteria decision making

What is a « better » architecture?

What does mean « Value » across stakeholders?

Identifying and weighting criteria?

Key Breakthroughs : collaboration across stakeholders, continuous

activities during system development (agility, feedback)

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Tomorrow (2020 – 2030) : Capability driven

9 8 7

4 5

6 2 3 1

Single Service

Component

Equipment

Composed Services

Composed Systems

Super systems

System of Systems

up to Eco-system

(Co-Existence)

Stand alone

Autonomous

Interconnected

Integrated

Collaborating

Interacting

Sharing

Multi customer

Interaction

System scale

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Tomorrow (2020 – 2030) : Two main challenges

▌System Definition unstableness

Unstable problem space, unstable solution space, unstable stakeholders space. Systems in “System-of-systems context”

Obsolete deliveries due to very long cycles on technical as well

as on functional and operational sides

Key directions to address these challenges :

- collaboration to deliver value on a step by step basis

- incremental approach, “design for evolutions”

▌System Testing incompleteness and operation unstableness

Full testing becoming non achievable

Some testing not achievable in the real world at reasonable cost

/ schedule

Lessons learnt from system operation will bring needs to be

satisfied in short loops

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“Functional Health Monitoring” (1/2)

Structure,

engine

Electronics

Complex

software

Net-Centric

Continuous Monitoring

Maintenance Free

Functional

Health Monit. Function

Physical

Health Monit. Infrastructure

Proactive Monitoring of connected A/C Health trends for non

disruptive maintenance

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“Functional Health Monitoring” (2/2)

Operation

Domain :

proved “safe”,

“deterministic”

System management

/ supervision

Operation

Domain :

considered

“normal”

Resilience will need new capabilities in system management,

where supervision will monitor and organize system stability and

reconfiguration, in relation with overarching System of Systems

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Technological challenges and opportunities

▌Complex algorithms, “multi-physics” approach

▌Consistent Model-Based System Engineering

▌Scalability and agility in system testing

▌Incremental approach, “design for evolutions”

▌Collaborative design

▌Functional health monitoring