technical support & services terms acronyms

8/7/2019 Technical Support & Services Terms Acronyms

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TERMS,

ACRONYMS &ABBREVIATIONS

Used in Technical ServicesIMD255

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Glossary of Terms & Acronyms

Annual A series work that is issued once a year.

Anonymous Work A work of unknown authorship.

Approval Plan An agreement between a library and a supplier that allows the supplier

to send the library automatically one copy of each item he has on aspecified subject or in a particular format. The library is then allowed acertain amount of time to examine the material, select the items it willpurchase, and then return unwanted items.

Art Original

An original work of art as contrasted with a reproduction. Art Print

An etching, lithograph, engraving, etc. made from a plate prepared bythe artist.

Art Reproduction A mechanically reproduced copy of a work of art.


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Artifact An object made or modified by men.

Author The person chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of a work. A

personal author is a person responsible for the work; this can be an author, artist

or performer. Author Entry

The name of the author of a work used as an entry in the catalog. This is usuallythe main entry.

Authority File A record of the proper form of names, subjects, or series used in a catalog. The

purpose of an authority file is to maintain uniform entries.

A Bibliographic Utility Is an organization that offers bibliographic resources and services to subscribing

libraries that the latter find uneconomical of infeasible to perform in-house.

Bibliography A list of books or periodical articles, usually on a particular subject. National

bibliographies may include all books published in a particular geographic area orwritten in a particular language.


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Blurb A description of the contents of a book, prepared by the publisher

and usually found on the book jacket. The blurb may also giveinformation about the author.

Budget It is a financial standard for a particular operation, activity, program,

or department.

Balance Sheet A statement of financial condition at a given point of time.

Blanket Order A method of acquisition very similar to the approval plan. The

distinction between the two systems is that with a blanket order thelibrary agrees to buy one copy of everything the supplier sends.

Book Jacket A paper cover placed around a book to protect the binding,

Sometimes called a dust jacket, dust cover, or dust wrapper.


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Book Number A combination of letters and numbers assigned as part of a call number to

maintain an (alphabetical) order among works with the same classificationnumber. The book number is sometimes called an author number or cutternumber. The term cutter number comes from the use ofCutter Tables togenerate the numbers.

Byte A letter or word, usually composed of eight bits, that forms the smallest unit

of information that can be accessed on a computer.

Call Number The notation used to identify and locate a particular work. The notation

consists of a classification number and book number and may also includeother identifying symbols.

Catalog A list of the holdings of a particular library or group of libraries.

Cataloging The process of describing a work bibliographically and assigning a call

number. Includes determining the main entry, describing the work, andassigning added entries, subject entries, and a call number.


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Central Processing Unit (CPU) The main part or nerve center of a digital computer. Coordinates

and controls all functions and activities of the computer. The CPUis composed of three elements; internal memory, arithmetic unit,and control unit.

Chief Source of Information The source of bibliographic information given first preference in

describing a work. The chief source varies for different types ofmaterials. See also Prescribed Source of Information.

Cataloging In Publication (CIP) CIP, a program sponsored by the Library of Congress. A partial

bibliographic description provided in each book produced bycooperating publishers.

Classification Number The number assigned to a work to show its subject and to

indicate its location in the collection.

Classification Schedule

The printed scheme of a classification system.


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Collation The element in a bibliographic description that gives the number of

pages, volumes, or illustrations, the items size, and accompanyingmaterials. See also Physical Description Area.

Collection Development The process of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of a librarys

information resources with respect to patron needs and communityresources, and of attempting to correct the weaknesses. It requires acontinual examination and evaluation of the librarys resources. Further,it requires a constant study of patron needs and changes in thecommunity the library serves.

Collective Titles A title proper assigned to a work that includes several works.

Colophon An inscription or identifying device sometimes found at the end of a

book; it often includes such publication as typeface or printed.

Compiler A person who produces a collection by bringing together works by

various persons or corporate bodies, or works by one person orcorporate body.


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Composer The author of music.

Compound Surname A name formed by two or more proper names usually connected by a

hyphen, conjunction, or preposition (e.g., Liddell Hart, Scott-Moncrieff).

Container A receptacle (box, folder, etc.) used to contain non-book materials. Copyright

The exclusive right granted by a government to publish a work specifieda number of years. The copyright protects the author and publisher bypreventing others from copying the work or a significant part of it withoutpermission.

Copyright Date The date a copyright is issued. This is usually found on the back of the

title page.

Corporate Body An organization or group of persons that is identified by and acts as the

entity responsible for a work. Corporate bodies in associations,conferences, institutions, business firms, and agencies.


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Cover Title The title printed on the cover of a book or pamphlet.

Credit A term used to refer to the right side of an account (liability

proprietorship).

Cutter Number A number from the Cutter or Cutter-Sanborn tables used to create abook number. See also Book Number.

Database A file of information maintained and available for recall on computer.

DDC Dewey Decimal Classification.

Debit A term used to refer to the left side of an account (assets).

Descriptive Cataloging The cataloging process concerned with describing a identifying the main

entry, and selecting added entries.


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Dictionary Catalog A catalog in which all entries such as author, title, added, and subject are

filed in one alphabet.

Diorama A three-dimensional representation of a scene.

Divided Catalog

A catalog in two or more sections. It usually consists of a separateauthor/title/added entry catalog and a separate subject catalog.

Double-Entry Accounting System An accounting system in which all transactions are recorded twice, once

in the journal and once in the ledger.

Dust Jacket. See Book Jacket.

Edition All the impressions (copies) of a book printed at any time from setting of

type. For non-book materials all of the impressions made from mastercopy by one company or agency.

Editor A person who prepares for publication or supervises the publication of

work or collection of works that are not his or her own. Responsibility

extend to revising and providing commentaries, introductory matter, etc.


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Element A part or subsection of an area in a bibliographic description (e.g.,

title is an element in the title and statement of responsibility area).

Encumbering A bookkeeping procedure that commits a given amount of money

to the payment of an order. Each time an order is placed, anamount of money an encumbrance equal to the total price ofall items in that order is deducted from the free balance.

Entry A record of an item in a catalog. In addition to the main entry,

there are title entries, series entries, and other types of addedentries and subject entries. See also Access Point.

Explanatory Reference A detailed see or see also reference used to guide the catalog

user to information in the catalog.

Field The part of a record used for a specific category of information in

a machine-readable record.


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Field, Fixed A field limited to a predetermined size, content, and position in a

machine-readable record.

Field, Variable A field not limited to a predetermined size, content, and position

in a machine-readable record.

Filmstrip A length of film with a series of still pictures to be viewed in

sequence; usually 16min or 35mm with or without sound.

Globe A spherical representation or map of the earth, universe, or

celestial bodies (e.g., the moon). A relief globe has raisedsurfaces to indicate elevations.

Half-title Page A brief or shortened title on the leaf preceding the title page.

Hardware

The physical units of a computer system.


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Illustrative Matter Pictorial matter appearing in a work. Includes pictures, portraits, charts,

graphs, maps and facsimiles.

Impression All of the copies of an edition produced at one time.

Imprint

Place of publication, publishers name and date of publication for a book. In print

An item currently available from the producer; the term is used primarilyin connection with the book trade.

Index A list of names and subjects in a book, each followed by the page

number(s) where it appears. A guide to the contents. International Standard Book Number (ISBN)

A unique ten-digit number assigned to each book published in the UnitedStates as well as in other countries. It is hoped that in time it will cover allpublishers in the world.

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) A system of assigning a unique eight-digit number to each serial title

published.


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Introduction A preliminary part of a book that tells what the book is about and how the

author intends to cover the subject. See also Preface.

Invoice Symbols NE,NEP - new edition pending

NOP - not our publication

OP - out of print OS - out of stock

NYP - not yet published

TOP - temporarily out of print

TOS - temporarily out of stock

ISBD

International Standard Bibliographic Description. A standardized formatfor descriptive bibliographic information compatible for computer input.

Jobber A supplier, usually a wholesaler, who stocks a wide range of items.

Using jobbers reduces the work load in the acquisitions department,since it then becomes possible to secure from one source itemsproduced by many different publishers.


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Joint Author A person who collaborates with one or more associates to

produce a work. The contributions of the various joint authorsoften cannot be distinguished.

Journal A book in which the first entry for a business transaction is made;

the journal is maintained in chorological order.

Kardex A metal file that has a number of shallow drawers in which serial

check-in cards are kept.

Kit

A collection of information in different media, usually on a specifictopic and usually designed to be used as a unit. The media maybe interdependent or used independently.

Label The permanently affixed paper or plastic on a phonograph record

describing the contents.


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LC Library of Congress

LCC Library of Congress Classification

LCCN Library of Congress Card Number

LCSH Library of Congress Subject Headings

Library Binding A special strong binding designed for heavy library use.

Library Clerk A person who has the equivalent of at least a high school education and

has office skills such as typing, filing, shorthand, etc. Probably has onlyon-the-job training experience in library service.

Library Media Technical Assistant A person who has had some post-high school academic training and

some training in library service. Also called Library Technician. See alsoLibrary Technician


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Library Technician. See Library Media Technical Assistant Linedex

A metal file with number of flat metal leaves. It contains single card board strips(lines) listing titles and holdings.

Machine-readable Data File Information encoded and stored in a format that requires a machine to retrieve the

information. Includes such media as magnetic tapes, magnetic discs, punched

cards, punched paper, etc. Main Entry

A full catalog entry giving all the information necessary for identifying a work. Themain entry includes the tracings for all other entries or access points under whicha work is entered in the catalog. The main entry is usually an author entry.

Mainframe A large computer with a large internal memory unit.

Map A representation of a geographic area, usually on a flat surface. The geographic

area can be on earth (terrestrial) or a celestial body. A relief map is one withraised surfaces to indicate land elevations.

Memory The component of a computer where data and programs are stored. The primary

memory is in the computer, while other memory units can be stored in peripheralunits.


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Microform A photographic miniature reproduction on film that must be magnified on

special machines in order to be read; also called microreproduction.Microform formats include aperture cards, microfiche, microfilm, andultramicrofiche.

Microscope Slide A transparent mount containing an object for viewing under a

microscope. Mixed Notation. See Notation

Mixed Responsibility When more than one person or corporate body performs different

activities in the creation of a work (e.g., pne person writes a work and asecond person illustrates it).

Model A three-dimensional representation of a real object reproduced in the

original size or to scale.

Monograph A book, usually a systematic and complete study of a particular subject.

Often used in libraries as a synonym for the words book or title.


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Monograph Series A series of monographs with a collective title, usually published

by a university press or a society.

Motion Picture Film with a series of pictures that create the illusion of movement

when projected at the proper speed. May be with or withoutsound.

Multiple Order Form A form designed so that multiple copies of an order are made. Some

forms use carbon paper, others use a paper that does not requirecarbon. Also called a Fanfold Order Form.

Name Authority File A file of the proper form for names in a catalog. It records these

and see also references made from other forms of the name. maycite the source used to establish the name.

Name-title Reference A reference in which both a name and title are included as

opposed to either a name or a title alone.


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Notation A system of numbers and/or letters used to represent a classification

scheme. Mixed notation uses two or more symbols (i.e., letters andnumbers). Pure notation uses one kind of symbol either letters ornumbers. DDC, which uses only numbers is a pure notation; LCC whichuses letters and numbers is a mixed notation.

OCLC Control Number A unique sequential number assigned to each work entered in the OCLC

database.

Open Entry A catalog entry for a serial, series, or set not completed. The numeric /

chronological designation and extent of item are left incomplete on the catalogcard or bibliographic record to indicate the work is not yet complete.

Original Cataloging It is the cataloging that is done for the first time, using cataloging tools to

create the record.

Out-Of-Print A designation that a book is no longer available from the publisher.


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Pagination A system of numbers or letters used to indicate the order of the pages in

a book. The part of the physical description area indicating the number ofpages in a book.

Pamphlet In present usage a pamphlet is an independent publication of 49 pages

or fewer, bound in paper covers. Many libraries use pamphlets tomaintain a very current information file on topics that are subject to rapidchange.

Parallel Title The title proper in another language or printed in another script.

Partial Title

A secondary part of the title as given on the title page. It may be catch-word title, subtitle, or alternative title.

Periodical A publication issued in succeeding parts, each with the same title but

with a different number. Most periodicals are issued at regular intervalsin paper covers. Libraries usually secure periodicals on a subscriptionbasis.


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Personal Author. See Author

Physical Description Area The area in a bibliographic description used to give the physical

description of a work. (For example, for a book, this give the number ofpages, illustrative matter, and size).

Picture A two-dimensional representation on an opaque material. Usually paper.

May be a photograph, painting, drawing, etc.

Preface A section preceding the body of the book, which may state the origin,

purpose, and scope of the work. See also Introduction.

Preliminaries

In a book this refers to the pages preceding the body of the book, suchas the half-title page, the added title page, the verso of the title page, thecover title, and the spine.

Prescribed Source of Information The source recommended for describing different areas. The prescribed

source varies for different areas and different materials. See also ChiefSource of Information.


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Printer An output device that converts the electronic impulses from a computer

into printed format. Also refers to person or firm that prints books.

Process Record A file maintained by the acquisition department containing a record

(usually on a 3x5-inch card) of all items on order, received, or beingprocessed in technical services.

Program A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do and how to do it.

Public Services Library work that deals with patrons and their use of the library collection.

Publication, Distribution, etc. Area

The area in a bibliographic description used to record information aboutthe place, name, and date of publishing, distributing, releasing, andissuing activities. (For a motion picture, for example, this area would givethe place of publication or distribution; the name of the publisher,distributor or releasing agency; and the date of publication ordistribution).

Publisher

A person or firm that issues and distributes a work.


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Publisher Series A series of books whose only link may be the collective title

assigned by the publisher.

Pure Notation. See Notation.

Realia

Real objects, specimens, artifacts. Recto

The right-hand page in an open book. Usually odd-numbered.See also Verso.

Replacement Copy A copy that replaces a stolen or discarded book.

Reprint A new issue (printing) of material that has been published before.

The new printing contains no textual changes except for thecorrection of printers errors from the first printing. The period oftime that passes between the first printing and the reprinting maybe a day, several weeks, or hundreds of years.


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Resources The information materials available from a library. These materials may

be books, periodicals, pamphlets, reports, manuscripts, microformats,motion pictures, video and audio tapes, etc.. In essence, almost anyphysical object that conveys information, thoughts, or feelings could beincluded in a library collection.

See Also Reference

A guiding device in a catalog that directs the user from a name or subjectto related names or subjects.

See Reference A guiding device in a catalog that directs the user from the form of a

name or subject nit used in the catalog to the form that is used.

Serial

A publication issued in successive parts at regular or irregular intervals.Usually it is intended to be continued indefinitely. Includes periodicals,newspapers, proceedings, reports, annuals, and numbered monographicseries.

Series A number of separate works, usually issued in succession, and usually

related to one another in subject or form, issued by the same publisher,

and in uniform style. The collective series title may appear at the head ofthe title page, on the half-title page, or on the cover.


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Series Authority File A file of the series represented by works in a collection. Includes the

proper names of the series, instructions on whether to make a seriesadded entry, prescriptions for see and see also references, and specialinstructions for classifying items in a series.

Series Title

The collective title given to volumes or parts issued in a series. Set

A work of two or more volumes.

Shared Responsibility Two or more persons or corporate bodies perform the same activity in

the creation of a work. The contributions may be distinct or inseparable.

Shelflist A record of materials in a library usually arranged in order by call

number.

Slide A single frame of film or other transparent material, usually in a 2x2-inch

mounting. Must be used with a slide projector or viewer.


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Software The programs and other documentation that are used to tell the

computer what to do and how to do it. See also Program.

Sound Recording A recording of sound. Formats include cylinder, disc, and magnetic tape

(also called phonocylinder, phonograph record, phonotape, phonowire).

Spine The part of the book binding that joins the front and back covers

together. Usually has the author and title of the book printed on it.

Spine Title The title that appears on the spine; also called a back title. See also

Binders Title.

Standing Order A variation of the blanket order system. The supplier sends a very limited

number of items to the library for purchase. Standing orders are usuallyused for a series of related items that are produced over a long period oftime. Book producers usually welcome standing orders for succeedingparts or editions of a series.


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Stocktaking It is a physical count of product/materials actually held in stock as

a basis for verification of the records and account.

Subject

The topic or topics of a work. Subject Authority File

A record of the subject headings used in a catalog. It is also arecord of the see, see also, and explanatory references madefor each subject heading.

Subject Catalog A catalog of subject entries. Usually one part of a two-part divided

catalog.

Subject Cataloging The cataloging process concerned with determining the subject of

a work and selection subject entries and a classification number.


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Subject Entry An access point in a catalog under a subject heading.

Subject Heading A word, name, phrase, or acronym describing the subject of a work.

Subject Subdivision

A word group of words, date, or geographic name, added to a subjectheading to limit it to a more specific meaning.

Technical Services Work performed in or for a library to ensure that its materials are

available for patron use. This does not require direct contact with librarypatrons.

Terminal

A device for communicating with the computer. Data can be input orwithdrawn. The CRT/keyboard terminal is a device for communicatingwith the computer.

Til Forbidden A term used by jobbers to indicate that a subscription for a serial is to be

placed for a library and that renewals are to be made automatically untilthe library cancels the subscription.


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Time Sharing A method of use that allows a number of users to access a database at

one time.

Title The name of a work.

Title Entry

The record of a work in the catalog under the title. Title Page

A page at the beginning of a book with the title, authors name, andpublishing information.

Title Proper The chief part of a title. (For example, a book entitled Cataloging With

Copy: A Decision Makers Handbookhas Cataloging with Copyfor a title

proper). Tracings

The record, usually on the main entry card and shelf list, of an additionalentry for a work in a catalog.

Trade Book A book that is considered to be of wide reader appeal. Trade books

represent 95% of a booksellers stock.


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Translator A person who translates a work from one language into another

language.

Transparency A still image recorded on a transparent material; viewed with an

overhead projector or similar device.

Trial Balance A listing of ledger accounts showing debit and credit balances. The

objective of the trial balance is to determine whether the debits andcredits are equal, or in balance.

Turnkey Systems Computer systems that have been pre-tested and determined trouble-

free (debugged) and ready for immediate use.

Uniform Title The title chosen for cataloging purposes when a work has appeared

under varying titles.

Unit Card A basic catalog card, in the form of a main entry, with complete

cataloging information. The cards can be used for all entries when theappropriate heading is typed at the top of each.


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Abbreviations

AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (2

nd

edition) ALA American Library Association

A/V Audio-visual

BBIP British Books in Print

BIE Books in English

BIP Books in Print (USA)

BL British Library

BLBSD British Library Bibliographic Services Division

BNB British National Bibliography

c copyright (date)

ca circa

CD-ROM Compact Disc-Read only memory

CIP Cataloguing in Publication

col. colour COM Computer Output Microform

COMARC Cooperative Machine Readable Cataloguing

comp. compiler

DC Dewey (Decimal) classification

e.g. For example


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Abbreviations ed. editor/edition

EMMA Extra-MARC Material

et al. and others

IFLA International Federation of Library Associations

ill. illustrations/illustrator

J journal

LA Library Association (UK)

MARC Machine Readable Cataloguing min. minutes

no. number

NUC National Union Catalog

p. page(s)

pbk. paperback

rev. revised

SAE Series added entry sd. sound

S.l, no place (of publication)

s.n. No name (of publisher)

tr. translator

UDC Universal Decimal Classification

v./vol. volume(s)

technical support & services terms acronyms

Documents