technical advisory (ta) on working safely in confinedworking safely in confined spaces...

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Technical Advisory (TA) on Working Safely in ConfinedWorking Safely in Confined Spaces

Ms Colleen Low

S S

A Quick Overview….

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Senior SpecialistOccupational Safety and Health Division

National Statistics, Workplace Safety & Health Report 2009

Fires and explosions - occurring in confined spaces 3

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Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces 4

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Unauthorised Confined Space Entry Killed 2 Workers

my paper 08‐ April‐2010……•Shipyard fined a record of $150K•Supervisor was fined $50K for his reckless actSupervisor was fined $50K for his reckless act

What had happened………..•On 15th Dec 2007 at 7.30pm•5 workers were asked to clean a tank•Gas testing result showed a high level of hydrogen sulphide (toxic gas)•Ventilation fan was set up to force the toxic gas out

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The workers were sent to the tank with…..•No gas check after the gas purging•No entry permit was issued•No PPE was given to the workers•No gas detector was provided to the workers

MacPherson Manhole Blast21-Oct-2009 4pm

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Why is working in confined spaces so dangerous?

Entrances/exits are often small and do not allow safe and efficient passage

Restrictive interior configuration prevent smooth movement of people or materials within

Work i i i

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Poor or little natural ventilation leading to oxygen deficiency or oxygen level is insufficient to maintain prolonged occupancy

activities introduce hazards not present initially

Contents of the Technical Advisory

1. Preface2. Scope3. Definitions3. Definitions4. Introduction5. Risk Management

Approach to Confined Spaces

6. Types of Hazards7. Working Safely in CS

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7. Working Safely in CS8. Emergency and Rescue

Procedures9. Training10. Annexes11. Case Studies

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Types of Hazards - Atmospheric

Most common atmospherichazards found in confined spaces can be broadly classified into:

1. Lack of oxgyen2. Presence of flammable

substances

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Oxygen reading: ≥ 19.5 % Vol. to ≤ 23.5 % Vol.Flammable gases & vapours reading: ≤ 10% Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)Toxic gases & vapours reading: ≤ Permissible Exposure Levels (PEL)

substances3. Presence of toxic

substances

Types of Hazards - Physical

•Falling from height / Falling objectsEl i l h d•Electrical hazards

•Moving or rotating parts of equipment and machinery•Noise •Excessive heat •Moving vehicles

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•Moving vehicles

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Examples of Harms / Injuries

• Burns or injuries arising from fire and explosionexplosion

• Loss of consciousness

• Chemical poisoning

• Electrocution

• Amputations or lacerations from contact i h i iwith moving or rotating parts

• Injuries due to fall from height

• Heat related disorders

• Injuries from strikes by falling objects9/25

Working Safely in Confine Spaces

General Requirements :

1. Opening of confined space2. Barricade3. Communication / Warning

signs4. Confined Space Attendant5. Display of Entry Permit 6 Access and egress

Attendant

Barricade

6. Access and egress 7. Lighting and electrical

equipment8. Respiratory protective

equipment

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Confined space

Warning sign

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Control of Entry into Confined Spaces

Control Measures:Control Measures:1. Confined Space Entry

Permit 2. Information Required

on The Entry Permit 3. Risk Assessment 4. Issuance of Entry4. Issuance of Entry

Permit5. Display of Entry

Permit

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Control of Entry into Confined Spaces

Control of Entry into a Confined Space:6. Review and

Endorsement of Entry Permit

7. Revocation of Entry Permit

8 Re Certification of8. Re-Certification of Confined Spaces

9. Record Keeping10. Control of Hazardous

Energy

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Confined Space Entry Permit System

Step 1: Application by Supervisor

a. Supervisor inspects and prepares the work site for the intended work

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http://www.innovative-access.com/Confined%20Space.htm


Step 1: Application by Supervisor

b. Highlights and coordinates the intended work in the meetingg

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http://www.hendersonroofing.com/safety.php

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Step 1: Application byStep 1: Application bySupervisor

c. Supervisor raises an entry permit and submits to Confined Space S f t ASafety Assessor (CSA)

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http://www.ling.gu.se/~sylvana/


Step 2: Evaluation by CSAa. Conducts gas testingb. Endorses the entry permitc. Forwards it to Authorised

Manager (AM)

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http://www.ths.com.au/products/training_con01.html

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Step 3: Permit Issuance by AMStep 3: Permit Issuance by AM

a. Before issuance, AM needs to:i. Evaluate the gas testing resultii. Ensure all possible precautions

and measures are in place

b. AM issues entry permit to Supervisor

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http://www.safetysignsupplies.co.uk/product/12986.html


Step 4a: Posting of EntryPermit

a. Display the Entry Permit at the entrance by ySupervisor

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http://www.osha-safety-training.net/signs/misc.htm

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Step 4a: Posting of EntryPermit

b. Display a sketch of the area within the confined space at the pentrance by Supervisor

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http://safetyservices.ucdavis.edu/environmental-health-safety/health-safety/confined-space-entry-prog/vii-pre-entry-procedures


Step 4b: Removal of EntryPermit

Supervisor removes theEntry permit when:1. Permit expired2. Permit cancelled3. Work completed

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http://coolamazingarts.blogspot.com/2009/11/cool-and-creative-manhole-design-arts.html

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Emergency and Rescue Procedures

Emergency and RescueProceduresProcedures1. Establishment of Rescue

Operation Plan 2. Rescue Arrangements 3. Rescue Considerations 4. Characteristics when deciding

the appropriate rescue plan 5. Conducting of drill 6 Rescue Logistics6. Rescue Logistics 7. Training of Rescue Personnel 8. Provision of Rescue

Equipment 9. Provision of Safety Data Sheet

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http://www.cteh.com/services/training/

Training

Training for Personnel

1. Planning an Effective Training Programme

2. Elements of Training and Training Courses

3. Criteria for Training, Refresher or Supplementary Trainingor Supplementary Training

4. Competency of Trainers

5. Assessment of Training

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http://www.fescogroup.net/environmental/confinedspace.htm

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Technical Advisory (TA)

https://www.wshc.sg/w/ lps/portal

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To feedback: [email protected]

Confined Space Plan Checklist

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technical advisory (ta) on working safely in confinedworking safely in confined spaces...

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