teacher design decisions during technology integration
DESCRIPTION
Presented at AECT 2009 International ConventionTRANSCRIPT
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Teacher Design Decisions during Technology
Integration
Susan Marie HartPresenter
The Association for Educational Communications and Technology
International ConferenceOctober 31, 2009
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Background Millions spent providing
Hardware and software to schools Grants to educate teachers in
technology use Federal and professional standards
set No Child Left Behind National Education Technology Plan ISTE – NETS Standards
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Issue
Students not routinely taught to use technology in meaningful ways Lower levels of Bloom’s taxonomy Internet research, word processing
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Conceptual Model
Background Characteristics
Teacher design decisions while integrating technology
into lessons
Instructional Design Practices
Technology Integration Practices
Contextual Factors
Pedagogical Beliefs about Technology
Instructional Design Beliefs and Practices
Inputs Processing Outputs
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Research Questions
Models or principles that guide design?
How is technology integrated? Level of technology use? Influence of pedagogical beliefs? Influence of contextual issues? Influence of teacher backgrounds?
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Research Design
Background Questionnaire
Design Session – Think Aloud Protocol Post-Design Session
InterviewWarm-upExercise
DesignExercise
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Design Exercise
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Design Exercise
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Design Exercise
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Design Exercise
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Analysis-Learners-Environment-Content-Objectives
Results
Teacher Design Practice
Design-Reflecting/Revising-More analysis-Prior experience-Content knowledge-State standards
Strategies-Motivational-Teacher-based (61%)-Student-centered (39%)-Internet research-Learning styles ackn.-Lower levels Blooms
Development-Materials- create-Materials – public-Materials - personal
Implementation-Resource availability-Macro & micro timing-Management –tech.-Management – general-Parent & school
Assessment-Rubrics-Electonic/non-elec. presentations-Tests, papers, classwork-Group projects
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Teacher Use Productivity and communication Research Instruction- pp; Inspiration; movies;
music Hardware – laptop, datashow, dvd
player Class website
Results
Teacher Technology Integration
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Student Use Internet – research; images Presentations – PP; Flickr Type papers Publish books of poetry
Results
Teacher Technology Integration
Teachers very non-specific in how their students could use the technology available.
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Degree of administrative and technical support
Ease of access to current and working technology
Appropriate training for students and teachers
Opportunities to collaborate with colleagues
Clear technology policies
Results
Contextual Issues
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Preparation for present and future Nice, but not necessary, for learning Can impede learning Use for learning enhancement or
reinforcement Use because of learner preference May improve efficiency of instructional
delivery Use for research
Results
Pedagogical BeliefsTechnology ….
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Directed students in use of Internet Used school or class websites Emphasis on resource availability
during implementation Emphasized micro timing of lessons All four integrated some use of
technology
Results
Effect of IT Degree
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Other Influences Not a priority in teachers’ schools or
districts Subordinated due to multiple competing
instructional priorities Teachers not comfortable using
technology with students Pedagogical beliefs did not support using
technology for instruction Design exercise characteristics may have
influenced technology integration choices
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Suggestions – Pre-service
Complete courses in which software packages and Internet skills are taught
Teach technology integration during methods courses
Technology-rich field experiences – observing and teaching
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Shared vision – teachers and administrators
Tie technology use to curricular goals and achievement test success
Small successes – one course at a time
Suggestions – In-service
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Standardized professional development model (Hew and Brush, 2007) Train in relevant technology Show how to apply technology in
pedagogically sound ways Teach technology-related classroom
management skills Provide opportunities for teacher
networking and professional learning communities
Suggestions – In-service
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