tattoo ink & immunity

PUTTING TATTOOS TO THE TEST

RESEARCHER TAKES MORE THAN SKIN-DEEP APPROACH TO STUDYING

THE BODY-ART RAGE

Tattooing effect on experimental mouse: Twenty-four hours after tattooing using blue fluores-cent ink on the left shoulder of a mouse, its axillary lymph node, left, and spleen, right, were found loaded with blue fluorescent ink as seen under an ultraviolent light.

Volume 4 , Issue 6

College of Health Sciences Newsletter February 2015

College of Health Sciences Newsletter

Fromtwospecialprofessors,aneverlastingimpact

Itisatimeofsadnessandre lectioninourcollegeastwoofourprofessorshaveleftthisworldandleftavoidinourlives.Lastmonth’snewsletterhada ittingtributetoProfessorJimNeff,whodiedsuddenlyafterabriefhospitalization.Thismonth’snewsletterhonorsProfessorMicheleDarby,whodiedafteranextendedillnessthatsheheroicallybattled.Recently,othersinourcollegehavedealtwiththedeathoffamilymembersandfriends.Thelossofouraccomplishedcolleagues,familyandfriendsgivesuspauseaswere lectonourownlives,themeaningoflife,theimpactswehaveontheliveswetouch,andtheworkthatwedoonbehalfofothersattheCollegeofHealthSciences.Thesemomentsareremindersthatweneedtocherishourlives,ourlovedonesandallthatisgoodintheworld.InhonorofProfessorsNeffandDarby,aswellasthepersonallossessomeofushaverecentlyexperienced,mymessageforthismonth’snewsletteriscapturedinthispoem:

Life

Life,believe,isnotadream,Sodarkassagessay;OftalittlemorningrainForetellsapleasantday:Sometimestherearecloudsofgloom,Butthesearetransientall;Iftheshowerwillmaketherosesbloom,Oh,whylamentitsfall?Rapidly,merrily,Life'ssunnyhours litby,Gratefully,cheerily,Enjoythemasthey ly.

Whatthoughdeathattimesstepsin,AndcallsourBestaway?WhatthoughSorrowseemstowin,O'erhopeaheavysway?YetHopeagainelasticsprings,Unconquered,thoughshefell,Stillbuoyantarehergoldenwings,Stillstrongtobearuswell.Manfully,fearlessly,Thedayoftrialbear,Forgloriously,victoriously,Cancouragequelldespair!

‐‐CharlotteBronte

Dean’s Message

Table of Contents

Dean’s Message 2

From the Editor 3

Tribute to Michele L. Darby 4

Ta oo Risks 5‐6

Dental Hygiene Winter

Weekend 7

Honor Student Presenta on 7

Lights! Camera! Ac on! 8

Global Health Corner 9

IPE Corner 10

Staying in Shape 11

Calendar of Events 11

Dean Shelley Mishoe


From the Editor

Community praises an unsung hero OnachillyeveningonFridaythe13thofFebruary,IhoppedinmycarandheadedtoNewportNewsfromtheof ice.Despitethedate,thiswouldbeaneveningofgoodfortunetobesure.

Yousee,oneoftheperksofmyjobistowitnessabitofhistoryfromtimetotime.Igettoseethegivingsideofhumanityatits inest,andonthiswintrynight,suchwouldbethecase.

IexitedInterstate664andmadearightonJeffersonAvenue.IhadarrivedintheSoutheastCommunityofNewportNews.I’dbeentomanyatoughneighborhoodinmyday,andthisonehadallofthesymptoms.Therearedilapidatedbuildings,theoccasionalfast‐foodjoint,andpawnshops.Thepolicestationisoneofthefewnicebuildings.Andnotagrocerystoreinsight.Ihadarrivedinwhatiscalledafooddesert:adepressedareawherehealthyfoodoptionsareextremelyscarceornonexistent.

SoutheastNewportNewsismorethan70percentAfricanAmerican,andhasamedianhouseholdincomeof$27,851withalmost40percentofitspopulationbelowthepovertylevel,accordingto2011 igures.Butit’sacommunitythathasprideinspiteofitsproblems.

Dr.AnnaJeng,anassociateprofessorwiththeSchoolofCommunity&EnvironmentalHealth,ismorethanfamiliarwithSoutheast’spride.ShearrivedthereaboutfouryearsagoandjoinedforceswithcommunityleaderstofoundtheSoutheastCareCoalition.Fromthatpointon,shehasworkedtogetthecommunitygrantstohelpitsresidentstackleenvironmentaldegradationandtheassociatedhealthissuesthathaveplaguedtheareafordecades.

OldDominionUniversitybestowstheJohnR.BroderickDiversityChampionAwardupon“meritoriousindividualswhoactivelypromotevaluesassociatedwithdiversity,inclusionandequity.”Thisyear’swinnerwouldbeDr.Jeng,andwhatmore ittingaplaceforasurprisepresentationthaninthecompanyofthecoalitionwhonominatedher.

WhenIarrivedattheMotonCommunityCenterthatnightwithmycamera,Dr.Jengcouldsensesomethingwasodd.Nonetheless,sheintroducedmetomembersofthecoalition.ThereceptionwaswarmandIfeltthestrongsensethattheyallregardedherasfamily.Suchisthetrustandrespectthatapotentialoutsiderbuildsthroughseveralyearsofcommitmentandservice.

Whenshereceivedtheaward,shewasappreciativebutextremelyhumbled.“Thisisn’tforme;thisisforthem,”shesaid.

LinwoodDeBrew,executivedirectoroftheGreaterSoutheastDevelopmentCorp.,wrotethenominatingletterandwasonhandforthepresentation.Hewasallsmiles.

HislettersummedupwhatDr.Jenghasmeanttothecommunityovertheyears.Hecloseditwith:

“WeareextremelygratefulforDr.Jeng’scaringonourbehalfthatextendsabovethecallofduty.SheisatruefriendandagreatassettothepeopleoftheSoutheastCommunity.”

Wellput,andwelldeserved.

Dr. Anna Jeng, associate professor with the School of Community & Environmental Health, poses with Linwood DeBrew, the execu ve director of the Greater Southeast Development Corp., a er receiving the John R. Broderick Diversity Champion Award.

Irvin B. Harrell, Coordinator

of Strategy & Marketing


In1982,DarbybecamechairfortheCollegeofHealthSciencesSchoolofDentalHygiene.DuetoherexemplarymeritandservicetoODU,DarbywasnamedanEminentScholarin1989andalsobecamethegraduateprogramdirectorfortheSchoolofDentalHygiene.Inadditiontothelifetimeachievementaward,Darbyreceivednumerousaccoladesduringhercareer,including:theRufusAlanTonelsonDistinguishedFacultyAwardin1991,theVirginiaStateCouncilonHigherEducation'sOutstandingFacultyAwardin1993andtheExcellenceinTeachingAwardfromtheODUCollegeofHealthSciencesin2007.ShewasnamedUniversityProfessorin1999.Darbywasknownforherattentiontodetailinclassroominstruction,herwritingsandmentoring.Shewrotethreemajortextbooks,inadditiontomorethan50peer‐reviewedpublicationsondentalhygiene.Shealsoemphasizedtheresponsibilitiesdentalhygieneprofessionalshaveglobally.Darbyledbyexample.In1981,shevisitedthePeople'sRepublicofChinaaspartofapioneeringdelegationofvisitingprofessionalswhoshareddentalhygieneconceptsandtechniqueswithChinesedentists.AsaFulbrightScholarin2010,shespentsixmonthsinIrbid,Jordan,attheJordanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,workingtoimprovestandardsofeducationandpractice.Darby'sworkinJordanearnedherthe2011DistinguishedAlumniAwardinDentalHygienefromtheUniversityofPittsburghSchoolofDentalMedicine‐thesameyearshereceivedODU'sShiningStarAward,whichisgiventofacultymemberswhodemonstrateevidenceofhelpingstudentssucceedacademically,professionallyandpersonallyinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.TherewillbeaCelebrationofLifeServiceforDarbyonSaturday,April25,from1‐3p.m.attheUniversityTheatreintheCollegeofHealthSciencesBuilding.

MicheleLeonardiDarby‐aformerOldDominionUniversityEminentScholarandProfessorwhoalsoservedaschairofODU'sGeneW.HirschfeldSchoolofDentalHygiene‐diedThursdaymorning(Feb.5)afteranextendedillness.

DarbyretiredfromODUin2013.ThesameyearshewasawardedtheDimensionsofDentalHygiene'sEstherWilkinsLifetimeAchievementAward,whichisgivenbyDimensionsofDentalHygieneandissponsoredbyColgate.

DarbylivedinVirginiaBeachwithherhusbandDennis.Theyhaveadaughter,Devan;andson,Blake."ItiswithgreatsadnessthattheCollegeofHealthSciences,theSchoolofDentalHygieneandImournthepassingofMicheleDarby,"saidShelleyMishoe,DeanofODU'sCollegeofHealthSciences."Shehasbeenaninspirationtosomanypeoplethroughoutherlifeinhermanyrolesasdentalhygienist,professor,departmentchair,EminentScholar,author,researcherandmentor.Michele lourishedinalloftheseroles,butnoneasmuchashercherishedroleaswifetoDennisandmotherofDevanandBlake.OurheartsgoouttotheentireDarbyfamilyduringthistimeoftremendouslossofsomeonesospecialthathasleftaremarkablelegacyofaccomplishmentandcaring."DarbyreceivedherBachelorofScienceandMasterofSciencedegreesfromColumbiaUniversity,inNewYork.ShearrivedatODUin1974asanassistantprofessorattheSchoolforDentalHygiene,apositionsheheldforadecade.Thusbeganhercelebratedcareerattheuniversity.

Michele L. Darby (1949-2015)

Former Dental Hygiene chair spent life teaching, inspiring

Michele L. Darby


InGermanstudiesperformedonhumancadaverswithtattoos,mostoftheinkwasfoundinthelymphnodes,whichhelptoprotectagainstinfectionbykillingbacteriaandneutralizingtoxins.Thenanoparticlesintattooinkareabsorbedintocellsthroughphagocytosis,adefensivemechanismagainstinfectionortheinvasionofforeignsubstances.Leukocytes,orwhitebloodcells,thentakethenanoparticlestoneighboringlymphnodes,wheretheinkcollectsandcannotbemetabolized.“WhatIplantolookatistheeffectoftheinkontheimmunesystem,”Joshisays.“Eightypercentoftheinkthatisinjecteddoesnotendupinthetattoo,butinsteadaccumulateselsewhereinthebody.”Hisresearchprojectwillattempttodeterminewhethertattoosposeasigni icantthreattopublichealthbysuppressingtheimmunesystemandleavingthebodyvulnerableto“opportunisticinfections.”“Itisapublichealthissue,becauseapersonwhoseimmunesystemisnotfunctioningproperlycanallowforavirustomutateandthreatenotherswithadifferent,moreresistantstrainofthevirus,”Joshisays.Withnoregulations,tattooinksmaycontainchemicalsthatnotonlycancausemutationsininfectiousviruses,butbirthdefectsoraggressivecancers,Joshisaid.

ContinueonPage6

Thenexttimeyousitinanink‐slinger’schairforatattoo,youmightwanttoconsiderwhatyou’reputtingintoyourbody,saysDr.SunilK.Joshi,anassistantprofessorofcellularimmunologyatOldDominionUniversity’sSchoolofMedicalDiagnostic&TranslationalSciences.Mercury.Lead.Titanium.Copper.Carbon.Thesearebutafewoftheingredientsintheinkthattattooartistsusetopaintbodies.Despitethetoxicnatureoftheseelements,theyarenotregulatedbytheFoodandDrugAdministrationoranyfederalagency.“Notonlyarethepigmentstheyusenotregulated,butthechemicalsusedtodeliverthesepigmentstotheskinareconsideredtradesecrets,”Joshisays.“Theycouldbealcohol,methanol,antifreeze,formaldehyde.”Tattoosarebigbusinessandarecontinuingtomakeamorelastingimpressiononsocietyeachday.Anartformthatwasoncemorecommonforbikers,sailorsandgangmembers,nowhasfoundapro itablenicheamongfamousathletes, ilmandmusicstars,andregularJoesandJanes.TakeawalkaroundHamptonRoadsandyou’reboundtorunintosomeonewithanexposedtattooinnotime lat.Americaspends$1.6billionayearontattoos,accordingto2013studybythePewResearchCenter.ItestimatedthetotalnumberofAmericanswithatleastonetattooat45million.Thereare21,000‐plustattooparlorsintheUnitedStates.Tattooartistscanmakeupwardsof$150anhouronaverageforalargetattoo,thestudysays.TheFDAhaswarnedofinfection,allergicreactions,granulomasandremovalproblemswithtattoos.However,itdoesnotlistcancerasapotentialrisk,Joshisays,eventhoughthecarbonusedinblackinksisacarcinogen.

Researcher looks beneath the skin on ta oo risks By Irvin B. Harrell


Joshihasdonesomepreliminarytattootestswithlabmice.Afterinjectingthemwithtattooinkinthefoot,themicewereeuthanized.Anecropsyrevealedthemigrationofinkparticlestonearbylymphnodes.OneofthefrustratingaspectsofJoshi’sresearch,hesays,isthatthereisnothingthatcanundothepotentialdamageoncethetattooisapplied.“Tattooremovaldoesn’tremoveanything,”Joshisays.“Itmerelymasksthetattoo.”Andtheprocesscanbeveryexpensive,painful,insomecasesineffective,andisnotcoveredbyinsurance,headded.Aboutayearago,JoshinoticedthatoneofhislaboratorystaffmembershadatattooofaDNAstrandrunningdownherneck.Heinquiredaboutitandinanefforttofurthersatisfyhiscuriosity,hedidaGooglesearchontattoos.HefoundtheGermancadaverstudyandalightwentoff.“Irealizedthattherewasanurgentneedforanextensiveresearchinvestigationontheshort‐termandlong‐termhealtheffectsoftattooing,”Joshisays.Joshisaysheunderstandsthathis indingsmaynotreceiveawarmreceptionbysome,but indingthetruthisfarmoreimportant.

Researcher looks beneath the skin on ta oo risks (con nued)

Human lymph node loaded with black Ta oo Ink Courtesy Lehner et al. (2014) PLoS ONE 9(3): e92787]


Dental Hygiene weekend takes Beach by storm

Thismonth,theGeneW.HirschfeldSchoolofDentalHygieneheldits2015ContinuingDentalHygieneEducationWinterWeekendattheSheratonOceanfrontHotel.Thethree‐dayeventfeatured ivescienti icpresentationsanddrewmorethan200participants.

AssistantProfessorAnnBruhnwasthecoordinatoroftheeventandalsoservedasthemasterofceremonies.

Assistant Professor Ann Bruhn

Honor student presentation

SareenaKhosla,aSchoolofNursingstudent,gaveapresentationthismonthon“TheImpactofNursesduringWorldWarI,”atanundergraduateResearchSymposium.Khoslaisanhonorstudent.


School of Nursing doubles as movie set

Lights!Camera!Action!

TheCollegeofHealthSciencesservedamoviesetthismonthfortheyet‐to‐be‐releaseromance“Jess&Naomi.”WiththecooperationofSchoolofNursingChairKarenKarlowicz,thecrewfromVirginiaFilmworksandRegentUniversityspentaweekend ilmingahospitalscenehere.Thecollegeprovidedagreatopportunityfortheproduction,giventheredtapeassociatedwith ilminginanactualhospital.“The ilmcrewandtheirequipmentwerespreadthroughoutthesecond looroftheHealthSciencesBuilding,usingclassrooms,studentgrouprooms,andnursingclinicalskillsandassessmentlabs,”Karlowiczsaid.“ThankgoodnessthisalltookplaceonSundayastheytookoverthespace.”ThemoviewaswrittenbySeanGaffney,alocalplaywright,screenwriter,directorandproducer.HealsoisthedirectoroftheScript&ScreenwritingProgramatRegentUniversityinVirginiaBeach.CorbinBensonandMariluHennerareamongthecastof“Jess&Naomi.”Betweenhelpingcoordinatewiththesetandprops,Dr.Karlowiczspentsometimeintheof iceworking.AndshealsohadanopportunitytomeetandgreetHenner.“AsIlearnedduringthis ilmshoot,movie‐makingisapainstakingprocess,”Karlowiczsaid.“Therearemany,manypersonsinvolvedindoingavarietyofdifferentjobs,allfocusedon ilmingascenejustright.”Theexperiencecouldmeanmoresuchopportunitiesdowntheroad.Karlowiczsaysshewouldwelcomefutureventures.“IwaspleasedtoletthecrewusetheSchoolofNursingsimulationlabto ilmtheirhospitalscenes,”shesaid.“ForDr.LynnWilesandmyself,itwasalsoachancetoserveasmedicalconsultantstothecrewtohelpthemensuretherealismoftheimagesbeing ilmed.Theexperiencewasverypositiveandwewouldbewillingtoassistagainifasked.”

Dr. Karen Karlowicz, chair of the School of Nursing, poses with actress Marilu Henner during a recent movie filming that took place at the College of Health Sciences.


Global Health Corner

Measles continues to menace the U.S. Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by the measles virus and spread by droplets or direct contact with secretions of infected individuals. Measles has been a nationally notifiable disease in the United States since 1912. After the measles vaccination was introduced and widely implemented in the nation, measles was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000. Unfortunately, the measles has made a strong re-emergence in the U.S. and can potentially impact Virginia, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). From 2009 to 2014, there have been 13 reported cases of measles in Virginia. Six of these individuals were unvaccinated, and five were not fully vaccinated. To date, there have been no cases of measles reported in the state this year. However, a measles outbreak could still be a potential risk for Virginians. One reason is that only 88.6 percent of children in Virginia have received the measles vaccine by age 2 which is a very low percentage compared to national percentages. Compounding the risk, Virginia allows for an exemption from required immunizations for religious and/or medical reasons. Since 2001, there have been five noticeable outbreaks in the U.S.: 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015. In 2008, the U.S. experienced three large measles outbreaks totaling 140 cases as a result of the spread in communities with large numbers of unvaccinated people. In 2011, most of the 118 cases of measles brought to the United States came from France, both from U.S. residents traveling abroad and foreign visitors. In 2013, 159 cases of measles were reported from 11 different outbreaks. In 2014, the U.S. had 23 measles outbreaks with a huge outbreak among unvaccinated Amish communities in Ohio and from U.S. residents returning from a trip to measles-stricken Philippines. Currently in 2015, the nation has reported 121 cases in 17 states and D.C. linked to an amusement park in California. This graph shows the measles trend in the U.S. from 2001 to January 2015.

Global Health to hold information session

TheCenterforGlobalHealthcordiallyinvitesyoutoattendaninformalinformationsessionaboutGraduateCerti icateinGlobalHealth.Globalhealthissuesareincreasinglyrelevantinevery ieldfrompublichealthtoengineering,business,education,communicationandsocialscience.Thisinformationsessionwillprovidetheopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthecerti icateprogramsuchastherequirementforenrollment,howtoenrollaswellasthebene itsofobtainingthecerti icate.TheGlobalHealthCerti icateisopentoalldisciplines.

Location:SuffolkroomlocatedintheWebCenterDate:Friday,March20Time:Noon–1:00p.m.

Pizzawillbeprovided.IfyouareinterestedinattendingpleaseRSVPtojredmond@odu.edu.


Interprofessional Education Corner

Looking for the perfect match

TheCollegesofEducationandHealthSciencesCORE2(CommittingOurResourcestoExcellencethroughEquity)Taskforcesheldamentor‐matchmakingeventthismonthatODU’sInnovationResearchParkII.Theeventprovidedanopportunityforjuniorfacultytoidentifyandconnectwithseniorfacultymentorstohelpthemwithsuchtasksaswritinggrantproposalsandgettingpublished.

Get your proposals ready for IPE

Theguidelinesfor2015IPEAwardhavebeenreleased.ThisawardwillrecognizeCollegeofHealthSciencesfacultymembersandstudentswhosubmitinnovativeideasforcollege‐wideinterprofessionaleducationactivitiesand/orprojects.TheWorldHealthOrganizationde inesinterprofessionaleducationas“whentwostudentsfromtwoormoreprofessionslearnabout,fromandwitheachothertoenableeffectivecollaborationandimprovehealthoutcomes.”ProposalsmustpresentideasforpromotingIPEthroughcollege‐wideactivitiesand/orprojects.Proposalsshouldhighlightthe1)innovativeness,2)feasibilityand3)applicabilityoftheideainthecontextofhealthprofessionseducation.QuestionsabouttheIPEAwardguidelinesmaybedirectedtoProfessorDeniseClaiborne,Chair,IPEAwardSub‐Committee@dclaibor@odu.edu.Awardeeswillbeannouncedatthe2015IPEDay.TheeventwillbeheldonFriday,April3,attheTedConstantCenter.AuthorandmotivationalspeakerJuliaFoxGarrisonisthekeynotespeakerfortheevent.CheckoutthevideoofJuliaFoxGarrison’sinterviewon“GoodMorningAmerica,Pro ilesinCourage.”https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZrXYkaPND0WeroarwithIPEatODU.


Staying in shape

TheSchoolofMedicalDiagnostic&TranslationalSciencesstudentsandfacultyhavebeeninvolvedinrunning,walking,andnowweeklycircuittrainingwiththreemajorsrepresented.PicturedcenterareDr.LindaBennington(Nursing),Dr.DawnRiddick(PT),andDr.Somma(MDTS)withhisstudentTiffanyTuggle.Theyarerepresentedwiththeirpersonaltrainers,allactivecompetitorsandchampions.(L‐R),JoeHartfelder,ShashaGreve,ErikaPeshek,andDionBruton,theowneroftheHOUZEofChampions.

March Calendar

9‐14 SpringBreak20 CenterforGlobalHealthGraduateCerti icateInformationSession,Noon–1p.m. Location:WebbCenter,SuffolkRoom 25&28 ContinuingEducationCourse:DentalRadiationSafetyCerti ication Location:2113HealthSciencesBuilding

tattoo ink & immunity

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