TASHKENT MEDICAL ACADEMYGENERAL AND RADIATION

HYGIENE

THE FOOD STATUS AS AN

INDICATOR OF

HEALTH OF THE POPULATION

Purpose of lecture:

To bring students to understanding of the importance of a food for population health, to acquaint with the most important and actual alimentary-dependent diseases in the Republic of Uzbekistan, questions of their preventive maintenance. To focus attention of students to necessity of the account of symptoms of food insufficiency at work DGP with the population.

A food as the major factor, defining health of the person is considered, the characteristic of a current state of a food of the population in the RUz according to scientific researches of last years is given, and the most actual displays of food insufficiency are allocated.

Preventive maintenance of the basic alimentary-dependent diseases in the RUz (iron-scarce an anemia, Iodine deficiency conditions, hypotrophy at children, decrease in protective properties of an organism) is considered.

The concept about symptoms of food insufficiency according to recommendations the The World Organization of Health Services considered, specified in necessity of revealing of such symptoms at work with the population, especially in the organized groups.

The problem and possibilities of rationalization of a food in modern ecological conditions is considered.

Plan of the lecture1. Nutrition as the most important factor

determining the health, nutritional status of the current population of Uzbekistan

2. Prevention of the most relevant nutrition-related diseases in the Republic of Uzbekistan;

3. The symptoms of food insufficiency.

4. Ability to streamline supply in modern ecological conditions

Trophonosis(In acc rekom.WHO)

– 1.Illnesses associated with overeating:– - The disease is caused by too high energy diets -

alimentary obesity– - Diseases for which excess food is a risk factor

(CHD, atherosclerosis, hypertension, gout, diabetes, kidney stones, gall-stone disease)

Nutrition-related diseases (Continued)

• • 2.Illnesses associated with malnutrition:• - Diseases caused by energy deficiency (malnutrition,

nutritional marasmus)• - Diseases caused by quality of malnutrition (PEM -

protein-energy malnutrition, kwashiorkor, stunting, IDA, hypo-and avitaminosis)

• - 3. Illnesses associated with health disadvantage food• - Food poisoning•

Nutrition-related diseases and conditions, the most relevant for our country

•

Protein - EnergyKasai

failure (PEM)Goiter

ObesityHypovitaminosis

Foul

Mea

lIgnorance

the principles of good supply.

Causes of ill Meal

Social nature(Low socio-economy. Levels, natural

disasters, wars, religious factors).

The structure of the food of the XXI century

FOOD XXI CENTURY

Traditional (natural

products)

Genetically modified

natural products

Natural products modified

chemical composition

Dietary supplements

(Nutraceuticals)

Dissemination of IDA in Uzbekistan in women of childbearing years (Assad DA, Shayhova GI et al,

2000 and 2005)

Main strategies for preventing IDA

• Fortification - enrichment

• Product 2-valent Fe

Supplementation application of Fe-containing

medications, vitamins and supplements in the diet at risk

Balanced diet with use of products containing iron

bioavailability,

Vitamin power dressingRegulation of water schedule

• Obesity, fat formation

• dominates disposing

• Hypervitaminosis A

• Hypervitaminosis D

Excess supply

OBESITY

In line with WHO recommendations, the entire population of the world is divided into six categories depending on the body mass index (BMI - body mass index):

less 18,5 18,5-24,9

25-29,9 30-34,9 35-39,9 40 and more

Lack of weight

medium Excess

of the weight

begining of

overweight

Medium stage of

overweight

The highest stage of

overweight

 

Key interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity

• Development of skills in the population of food culture

• • Development of Physical Culture and Sports

• • The production and use of low-calorie products

• • Widespread use of nutrition of the population of fruit and vegetables

Micronutrients and health

• • Biogeochemical background in Uzbekistan unwelcoming! (Low levels of iodine, iron, zinc, cobalt, etc.)

• • Iodine deficiency is most characteristic for the Ferghana Valley, Syrdarya, Kashkadarya and Tashkent region.

• • Consequences of iodine deficiency: goiter, slow physical and mental development of children

Goiter

The daily requirement of iodine 150 200mkg

Prevention of iodine deficiency

• • iodized salt

• • issuance of iodine preparations in high-risk groups

• • Expanding the use of seafood

• • improvement of social conditions of the population

• • improving health literacy

The consequences of inadequate intake of vitamins and minerals

• Minerals:

• Ca-rickets, osteoporosis

• Se-cardiomyopathy (children under 10 years)

• Fe-iron deficiency anemia

• Zn - immunodeficiency

Vitamins: C - Reduction of the protective properties of the body B12 - anemia A keratosis skin, corneal opacity B 2, B 6 - stomatitis, glossitis B6, PP-breaking psychomotor

Symptoms of food insufficiency(SAP)

• • In line with WHO recommendations, SPN - is:• • a set of visually observable signs of a normal

physiological state of the skin, hair, nails, tongue, eyes, lips, skeleton, caused by insufficient intake of nutrients

• • biochemical changes, which are caused by lack of nutrients, and can be identified on the basis of simple and netravmiruyuschih research methods

• • functional changes of organs and systems, a lack of certain nutrients

Dietary supplements (dietary supplements)

REMEMBER:

• Supplements - is not pharmacological agents• Supplements should be safe (to have a certificate of quality)• Each BAA should be studied (the composition, properties, components and pharmacodynamics)• There should be tips,confirmed by clinical studies Supplements should be used with the recommended dose

The main directions of rational nutrition

The increase in the quantity and quality of produced food in the country

Improving the socio-economic level of the population

Organization of quality nutrition of children in kindergartens and schools

Increasing health awareness of the people regarding food culture

Hereandall!