target and ion source development (tisd) thierry stora, en

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group Upgrade Isolde

Beam developments in 2012

Target and Ion Source Development (TISD) Thierry Stora, EN-STI-RBS With input from different colleagues

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde

From (since) last meeting Beams to be developped (3-5): 57Co 9C 142Sm neutron converter Pb/Bi loop target 37K 118Te 144Ba,

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde Overview

57Co: 476ZrO-VD5 mistuned; 476Y2O3-VD5 “back-up” x10 improved purity, not yet enough.

9C: CaO-Helicon V2 : stable operation, some improvements, could not measure 9C (low, bckgd 25Ne?) (extraction electrode, tape station, neg power supply)

142Sm: GdB6-RILIS : Ok (Ta470, 479 5e6-4e7/muC, clean) neutron converter : proto-I Ok Pb/Bi loop target : LIEBE ongoing 37K : nano TiO2, TiCx : started 118Te : n.a. 144Ba : n.a. A few other important developments under IS(IS509, 540): Molten salt target for the beta-beams, nano-UCx for ActILab

Jan 2013 T. Stora


N

S

RF antenna Pfwd ≤ 250 W

fRF = 0.01 – 400 MHz Axial magnetic

field for Helicon mode generation

Two-stage extraction system for improved ion beam

quality Uel = 0 – 3 kV

Plasma chamber SiO2, Ø = 12 mm, l = 100

mm

Gas feed

Plasma electrode Tungsten, Ø = 0.9

mm

Developed by the TISD group for the production of CO+ and CO2

+ , N2+,

and noble gas beams;

First online operation 2011/09, upgraded system tested 2012/11;

Strong gain achieved on 10CO and 11CO;

Measurements of short-lived carbon isotopes difficult due to instrumental issues.

1.E+00

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

yiel

d [1

/uC

]

2012-112011-09

10CO 11CO 15CO 16CO

9C : The Helicon ion source

T. Stora - TISD

Neutron converter – phase I

Tests of simulations with geometry I: Predicted n-rich Zn/Rb improvement of ~ x20 New converter geometry I : 5e3 80Zn, 5e1 80Rb /µC 600 81Zn, ~5e2 81Rb/µC Measured improvement ca x200 ( instead of x20) Yet some teething problems: clear thermal and mechanical weaknesses Onboard for phase II (2014): Keeping the same Impurity/beam improvement, and increase of yield R. Luis et al, EPJ A 2012 TISD team, S. Marzari, B. Crepieux

Jan 2013 T. Stora


LIEBE project: Pb/Bi loop for EURISOL

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde 37K: Potassium release from Titanium Carbide (TiC) and Titanium Oxide (TiO2)

Raw Materials Pressing Sintering

Sample Porosity (20 – 40%)

700 900 1100 1300Temperature (oC)

Sintering TiO2

ShrinkageDensity

1200 1300 1400 1500Temperature (oC)

Sintering TiC

ShrinkageDensity

Characterization: • Scanning Electron Microscopy • X-ray Diffraction • N2 Adsorption

Lin (Coun

ts)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

2-Theta - Scale20 30 40 50 60 7

Up to 1450oC

Jan 2013 T. Stora


Proton Irradiations Gamma spectroscopy Heating Cycle

RABBIT 47Ca Released Fraction # samples TiO2 5 min 10 min 20 min

2 1000°C 14 ±16 % 4 ±6 % 5 ±15 % TiC 2 1200°C 8 ±0 % 2 ±6 % 4 ±19 % 1 1300°C -10% 5% -6% 3 1400°C -8 ±18 % 2 ±6 % -1 ±2 % 2 1450°C -28 ±10 % 7 ±2 % -5 ±4 %

42,43K Released Fraction # samples TiO2 5 min 10 min 20 min

2 1000°C 0 ±1 % -1 ±4 % 1 ±2 % TiC 2 1200°C 5 ±2 % 4 ±1 % 11 ±3 % 1 1300°C 11% 0% 0% 3 1400°C 11 ±3 % 2 ±2 % 1 ±1 % 2 1450°C 3 ±1 % 0 ±1 % 4 ±2 %

Other isotopes studied 28Mg, 44m,46,48Sc, 24na, 7Be

First annealing heals defects caused by protons Slower diffusion

Jan 2013 T. Stora


Static molten salt target for 18Ne for β-beams (NaF478 IS509)

Salt Composition

[mol %]

Melting point

[ºC]

Density [g/cm3]

(700 ºC)

Vapor pressure

[mmHg](900ºC)

Yield protons

6mA 160MeV

NaF-ZrF4 60 - 40 500 3.14 5.1 1.0E013

NaF-LiF 39-61 649 2.59 1 1.0E013* (7 mA)

NaF:ZrF4 displayed drawbacks in operation: -Reactivity with atmosphere

-Thermal stability -Complex phase diagram

NaF:LiF chosen as target material

Jan 2013 T. Stora


Static unit Φinternal=22 mm Φexternal=20 mm Inner lenght=210 mm Outer lenght=216 mm Material: Haynes 242 [5] (corrosion resistant alloy) VADIS ion source εNe~1.8% (via cold transfer line) 3 thermocouples

Top view of container and condensation helix

Thermal studies: 3D modelisation to compare with real measurements

T chimney

T container

Energy deposition of proton beam (FLUKA): -1.4 GeV protons -Spatial distribution -σhor= σver=3.5 mm -Salt fills container up to ¾ of its volume

Static target unit design and production

10

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde Online tests at ISOLDE NaF478

The production and release of 18Ne as a function of the target temperature and proton beam intensity.

Increase of 18Ne yield with temperature

and proton beam intensity Rise time for 18Ne release: 92 ms

Record yields for 11C+O: 100x higher yield than ISOLDE database!

Systematic study of release of carbon, fluorine and oxygen isotopes as a function of the target temperature

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde WP8: ActILab : Upgrade of Class A Laboratory Finished

Two separated α-, β-, γ- fume cabinets for 1. production 2. development

High speed tungsten carbide ball-impact grinder with gas temperature and pressure control unit.

Dual wavelength laser particle size analyser for particle sizes between 1nm and 5mm.

BET for measurement of open porosity and of grain size of pressed-powder pellets.

Dedicated target unit for characterizing the thermal evolution of the UC based material (sintering, degree of carbothermal reduction)

Jan 2013 T. Stora


two orders of magnitude

Composing a Recipe for Nano-Grained UO2 • Purchase, tests and safety clearance for high

speed planetary WC ball mill

• Particle size limit for dry grinding: 600nm

• Identifying a suitable liquid with low surface

tension

• Identifying the best grinding parameters (speed,

temperature, liquid to powder to balls ratio,

grinding time, grinding cycle)

Contributions by: Sandrine Tusseau-Nenez, Nicole Barré-Boscher (IPNO)

Jan 2013 T. Stora


Despites the difficulties:

• 11Be: 5.3x107 1/µC, database: 7x106 1/µC (2x107 1/µC after RILIS upgrade)

• Record yields for Cs

• Structure seems widely conserved over time and temperature

Contributions by: Pierre Delahaye, Marie-Geneviève Saint-Laurent, Joanna Grinyer (GANIL)

T. Stora - TISD

Prototypes Out of the 27 units (15UCx this year): 7 units were standard units. 6 units were prototypes: (salt target NaF478, new

converter geometry UC-n493, Helicon v2.0 CaO497, LIST v2.0 target UC488, molten Sn+VADIS Sn491, nano UCX UC498)

14 units incorporate developments from the past 5 years (ie VADIS or Re surface source, sub-mu SiC or nano Y2O3, cold quartz line, Titanium source + CF4, etc)

T. Stora - TISD

Overview of prototypes 44Ti beams: Pure 44Ti delivered as TiF3+ from unit 486 (n-

rich 54Ti beams also observed from Ucx) New converter geometry UC-n493: results match or

improve the predictions: need 2nd geometry Helicon v2.0 CaO497: stable operation, bad optics

(probably due to GPS electrode), better n-rich C, but not yet good 9C beams as CO+

LIST v2.0 UC488: widely recognized (ie EMIS2012)- similar technology foreseen at TRIUMF

nano UCX UC498: >5e7/muC 11Be; >5e4/muC 30Na; likely better n-rich Cs; Seems to be stable over time

Sn-VD5-491: >8e8/muC 111mCd NaF470 : 18Ne produced, record 11C as CO+

Jan 2013 T. Stora

Group for Upgrade Isolde Exp. no. Title experiment Isot ope s

IS 445 9C 2 15

IS 450 R ä is ä nen, J 56Co 2 1,5IS 456 211m ,212m Po 7,5 4,5

IS 463 M. K owa ls k a 0 4,5

IS 476 31Ar 3 5

IS 487 V.S . Am a ra l 77Br 10 7,5

IS 490 Ma s s es of noble g a s es D . Lunney 70Kr, 46-48Ar 16IS 492 M. D eicher 56Co, 77Br 6 4

IS 498 B . C a k irli 4,5

IS 501 57Co 4 9

IS516 118Te 0 6

IS517 Determ ination of the Magnetic Mom ent of 140-Pr C . Geppert 140,141Pr 6IS518 First Study of the Stability of the N= 126 Shell Closure S . K re im 221-223At, 202-205Au 18 3,5

IS523 144Ba 0 24

IS527 37K 0 16

IS535

V. Manea 76-79Cu 13 10

Spokesperson

sche dule d 2 0 1 2

re m aining shift s

Experim ents with the newly available Carbon beam s at ISOLDE - Resonance scatter ing and decay studies.

Fy nbo, H . / Jeppes en, H .B .

Diffusion of 56Co in GaAs, ZnO and Si1-xGex system sS tudy of polonium is otopes g round s ta te properties by s im ulta neous a tom ic - a nd nuc lea r-s pectros copy

K udry a v ts ev , Y .

Ma s s m ea s urem ents a nd deca y s tudies on is oba rica lly pure neutron-rich Hg a nd T l is otopes

207-210Hg208-214Tl

Studies of beta-delayed two-proton em ission : The cases of 31Ar and 35Ca

H. Fy nbo, B . B la nk

S tudy of Loca l C orre la tions of Ma g netic a nd Multiferroic C om pounds

D efects in Z nO , C dTe, a nd S i: O ptica l, s tructura l, a nd e lectrica l cha ra cteriz a tionHig h-Prec is ion Ma s s Mea s urem ents in the R a re-Ea rth R eg ion to Inv es tig a te the Proton-Neutron Intera ction

186Hf, 154-155Nd, 168,170Dy, 174Er, 178,180Yb

Em is s ion Mös s ba uer s pectros copy of a dv a nced m a teria ls for opto- a nd na no- e lectronics

H. Gunnla ug s s on, S . O la fs s on

Coulom b excitation of 116Te and 118Te: a study of collectivity above the Z = 50 shell gap

T . Gra hn; R . Wa ds worth

Determ ination of the B(E3,0+ -&am p;am p;gt; 3-) strength in the octupole correlated nucleus 144Ba using Coulom b excitation

M. Scheck, D.T. Joss

Precision m easurem ent of the half-life and branching ratio of the T= 1/2 m irror decay of 37K

T. Kurtukian-Nieto

Penning-trap m ass spectrom etry of neutron-r ich copper isotopes for probing the Z = 28 and N = 50 shell closures

Jan 2013 T. Stora


Input: Should be compatible with LS1 Human ressources for this activity: 8B beams (C. Seiffert neutron activation) 9C beams (C. Seiffert, fast valve, Helicon) 37K beams (JP Ramos, nanomaterials) LIEBE (Pb/Bi loop): T. Mendonca Nano-Ucx : A. Gottberg Refractory molecular beams : TISD+RILIS teams New n-converter : TISD+TRIUMF

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