tang dynasty 618-907. beginnings general li yuan founded tang dynasty named taizong – “great...
TRANSCRIPT
BeginningsBeginningsGeneral Li Yuan founded Tang General Li Yuan founded Tang
dynastydynastyNamed Taizong – “Great Named Taizong – “Great
Ancestor” – Tang TaizongAncestor” – Tang Taizong
GovernmentGovernmentChang’an Chang’an
1 Million people, including 1 Million people, including foreigners who were traders foreigners who were traders and merchantsand merchants
30 square miles30 square miles
GovernmentGovernmentCivil service examsCivil service exams
Supported by government Supported by government schoolsschools
Forbidden to serve in native Forbidden to serve in native places “ rule of avoidance”places “ rule of avoidance”
Limited to terms of 3 yearsLimited to terms of 3 yearsMoved to different districtsMoved to different districtsReduced power of great Reduced power of great familiesfamilies
GovernmentGovernmentMilitary based on MilitiaMilitary based on MilitiaRevenue system – based on Revenue system – based on
land taxland taxGovernment monopoly on Government monopoly on
Salt, tea, and liquorSalt, tea, and liquorRebuilt road and canal Rebuilt road and canal
network with post stationsnetwork with post stations
Transportation and Transportation and CommunicationsCommunications
Built network of roads with inns, postal Built network of roads with inns, postal stations, and horsesstations, and horses On horse, communications could reach the On horse, communications could reach the
edges of the empire in eight daysedges of the empire in eight days Fresh seafood traveled over 600 miles from Fresh seafood traveled over 600 miles from
coast to Chang’ancoast to Chang’an
CultureCultureGolden Age of Art and Golden Age of Art and
LiteratureLiterature
ArtArtGlazes on PotteryGlazes on PotteryFocused on Human FigureFocused on Human FigureMonochromaticMonochromatic
Equal-Field SystemEqual-Field System
Instituted to ensure equitable distribution Instituted to ensure equitable distribution of land.of land.
Allotted land for families based on needs Allotted land for families based on needs of family and fertility of landof family and fertility of land 1/51/5thth of land was privately owned, the rest was of land was privately owned, the rest was
available to redistributed as needed.available to redistributed as needed.
TechnologyTechnologyCast ironCast ironCrossbowCrossbowGunpowder,Gunpowder,Compass Compass PorcelainPorcelain
Coal as fuelCoal as fuelWaterwheelsWaterwheelsPaper Paper
CurrencyCurrencyWheelbarrowWheelbarrowWallpaperWallpaper
ExpansionExpansionOverseas trade expanded with Overseas trade expanded with
absorption of Fujian and absorption of Fujian and absorption of southeast coast absorption of southeast coast
Reincorporated northern Reincorporated northern Vietnam, Xinjiang, and southern Vietnam, Xinjiang, and southern ManchuriaManchuria
Incorporated Korea as a tributary Incorporated Korea as a tributary statestate
CollapseCollapseRevenue base began to erodeRevenue base began to erodeImperial land grants to notables Imperial land grants to notables
who avoided taxeswho avoided taxesPopulation grew more quickly Population grew more quickly
than land and money could than land and money could provideprovide
Began outlawing contact with Began outlawing contact with other ethnicitiesother ethnicities
CollapseCollapseMilitary supported by mercenariesMilitary supported by mercenariesEunuchs’ power increasingEunuchs’ power increasingRebellionsRebellions
Country divided by generalsCountry divided by generalsAttacked by groups in the north, Attacked by groups in the north,
taking control of including southern taking control of including southern ManchuriaManchuria
Ended in chaos and civil warEnded in chaos and civil war
BeginningsBeginningsFollows Five Follows Five
Dynasty Period and Dynasty Period and later Zhou Periodlater Zhou Period
General Guo Wei General Guo Wei rival of Later Zhou rival of Later Zhou conquered middle conquered middle Yangzi region of ChuYangzi region of Chu
Kingdom of Shu of Kingdom of Shu of Sichuan Sichuan
GovernmentGovernment Issued paper currency credited Issued paper currency credited
growth of commercegrowth of commerceCivil Service recruited for higher posts Civil Service recruited for higher posts
from educated who passed three from educated who passed three levels of imperial examinationslevels of imperial examinations
Personal Property assessed for Personal Property assessed for TaxationTaxation
Trained Militia and supplied with ArmsTrained Militia and supplied with ArmsStrengthen Loyalty and Quality of Strengthen Loyalty and Quality of
ArmyArmy
GovernmentGovernmentGovernment SchoolsGovernment SchoolsOpen to anyone of Open to anyone of abilityabilityAllowed others a chance at office Allowed others a chance at office
holdingholdingPaid Mongols and others in silk Paid Mongols and others in silk
and other goods as a way to and other goods as a way to pacify would be attackerspacify would be attackers
CultureCulture
Paintings focusing on LandscapesPaintings focusing on LandscapesHarmony between humans and Harmony between humans and
naturenaturePatronized by Rich Urban MerchantsPatronized by Rich Urban MerchantsPopularization of Vernacular Popularization of Vernacular
LanguageLanguage
TechnologyTechnologyImproved Improved
Farming Farming Techniques – Techniques – Irrigation, Irrigation, fertilization, fertilization, metal tools and metal tools and proto-proto-machinesmachines
Ships with Ships with water-tight water-tight compartmentscompartments
WaterwheelsWaterwheelsIncline PlanesIncline PlanesCanal LocksCanal LocksGunpowderGunpowderMortarsMortars
Depletion of EmpireDepletion of EmpireShrank in size, Shrank in size,
gave up land gave up land including Taipei, including Taipei,
Abandoned TibetAbandoned TibetManchuria in Khitan Manchuria in Khitan
controlcontrolVietnam and Korea Vietnam and Korea
more independentmore independent
Collapse of Northern SongCollapse of Northern SongAlliance with Jurchen against Alliance with Jurchen against
KhitanKhitanUnimpressed with Song’s Unimpressed with Song’s
military abilitiesmilitary abilitiesCaptured capital of Kaifeng 1126Captured capital of Kaifeng 1126Treaty with Jurchen fixed border Treaty with Jurchen fixed border
at Huai Riverat Huai RiverPay annual tributePay annual tribute
Collapse of Southern SongCollapse of Southern SongAttacks by Jurchen and MongolsAttacks by Jurchen and Mongols
Attacks by Jurchen take over Attacks by Jurchen take over Northern ChinaNorthern China
Song establish Southern Song Song establish Southern Song DynastyDynasty
Mongols eventually take over Song Mongols eventually take over Song China and establish Yuan DyanstyChina and establish Yuan Dyansty
Including Chinghis and Kubilai Including Chinghis and Kubilai KhanKhan
Quiz Quiz
1.1. What significant contribution did Bi Sheng What significant contribution did Bi Sheng make to Chinese history?make to Chinese history?
2.2. What was the focus of paintings done in the What was the focus of paintings done in the Song dynasty?Song dynasty?
3.3. What was the reason given for Chinese What was the reason given for Chinese marriages being between men and women of a marriages being between men and women of a similar age?similar age?
4.4. Explain the term “complementary husband”.Explain the term “complementary husband”.5.5. Why were the peasant class slow to adopt the Why were the peasant class slow to adopt the
practice of footbinding?practice of footbinding?