talents up crovella sergio 20_05_2013

22
HIVIT_GWAS Immunotherapy in HIV positive patients: a genomic approach SERGIO CROVELLA PhD [email protected] Outgoing Fellowship Biotechnologies and Diagnostics

Upload: area-science-park

Post on 01-Jun-2015

288 views

Category:

Technology


0 download

DESCRIPTION

HIVIT_GWAS - Immuno-therapy in HIV positive patients: a genomic approach - by Sergio Crovella

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

HIVIT_GWASImmuno‐therapy in HIV positive patients: a genomic approach

SERGIO CROVELLA [email protected] Fellowship

Biotechnologies and Diagnostics

Page 2: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

ORIGIN OrganisationChildren Hospital Burlo

Garofolo, TRIESTE, ITALY

HOST OrganisationInsituto de MedicinaIntegral Prof. Fernando 

Figueira, RECIFE, BRAZIL

Page 3: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

HIV VaccinesObtaining an HIV vaccine has been one of the biggest challengesof this century. To date numerous clinical trials have beenconducted to test candidate products as prophylactic vaccine. Currently, about 20 clinical trials are underway, most protocolsfor Phase I.

Page 4: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

Innate immunity genes and patients responseto Denditric cell‐based HIV immuno‐treatment 

Page 5: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

• Age: 18 to 41 years (median 25)• Gender/contamination :male/homosex. 2; female/heterosex. 16.

• Seropositive for 13 to 65 ms (median 24.5)• Never treated:15 pts /Treated during pregnancy for 3 ms: 3 pts

• CD4 T‐cells : 270 ‐1.009/µl ( median,523)         • Plasma viral load: 11.000 to 300.000/ml (geometric mean, 48.400; median, 37.600)

Characteristics of the 18 patients

Page 6: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013
Page 7: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

The best patient

Page 8: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

The Host Genome

Page 9: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

We studied the “innate immune genome” of weak/transient responders (WTR) and durable responders (DR) HIV infected 

patients, enrolled in the study of Lu et al. in order to understand the reasons of the success or not of the DC vaccine and its 

relationships with the host innate immunity genome

Page 10: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

SNPs selection: SNPBrowser, HapMap, 

QuickSNP, Tagger• 149 INNATE IMMUNITY genes, 768 SNPs• 1) non‐synonymous coding SNPs (nsSNPs), thatinclude a group of SNPs having the highest impact on phenotype due to their potential to directlyaffect the structure, function and interactions ofexpressed protein

• 2) Tag SNPs, which represent a subset of SNPscapturing most of the haplotype diversity of eachhaplotype block or gene‐specific region. 

Illumina's GoldenGate Assay

Page 11: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

• NOS1 Nitric Oxide (NO) is a pro‐inflammatory and antiviralmolecule, produced bymonocytes and  DCs duringHIV infection

• MBL role in HIV infection is still debated, since high levels of serum MBL are usually associated with a good virological response, but some authors also showed that MBL enhances HIV replication, hypothetically through the induction of TNF‐α.

Page 12: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

‐1

‐0,5

0

0,5

1

1,5

p3 p3‐84 p17 p17‐84 p24 p24‐84 p18‐84 p31‐84 eric

"nos1 expression level"

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

1 2 3 4

T0

T1

T2Dia 6

2hs

48hs 

T0 T1 T2

NOS1 Expression in DC from HIV infected patients

Page 13: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

Inflammasome and HIV in DC

• NALP3‐inflammasome is an innate mechanism, alternative to type‐1 interferon, able to recognize nucleic acids and viruses into cytoplasm and to induce pro‐inflammatory response.

• We hypothesized the involvement of inflammasome in the early defence against HIV‐1 and in the fully maturation of dendritic cells

• We evaluated the response of dendritic cells pulsed with HIV‐1 in terms of inflammasome activation in 20  healthy donors.

• Moreover inflammasome response to HIV was evaluated in 20 HIV infected subjects 

Page 14: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

• In HC‐DC, HIV‐1 induced higher NLRP3/NALP3mRNA expression compared to other inflammasome genes such as NALP1/NLRP1 or IPAF/NLRC4 (p<0.001)

• This augmented expression was accompanied by CASP1and IL1B increased mRNA levels and by a significant increment of IL‐1 secretion (p<0.05).

• Otherwise HIV‐1 failed to activate inflammasome and cytokine production in HIV‐DC.

Page 15: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

45 papers published average IF 3.93 +1  PhD Thesis3+ 2 Masters3 grants from CNPq (Brazil)

Page 16: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

NetworkingHIV‐Latin America NetworkBrazil: Recife, Sao Paulo,

Rio de Janeiro, Porto AlegreArgentina: Buenos Aires

Bolivia: La PazMEEGID Quito 2014

Other countries will join The network

Page 17: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013
Page 18: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

Immunogenetics and Immunobiology Research Labs IRCCS Burlo Garofolo

Page 19: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

Europe US networkingMichel Tibayrenc, MD, PhDInfectious Diseases and Vectors,Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and ControlMIVEGEC/IDVEGEC (IRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐UM1‐UM2)IRD Center BP 6450134394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France

Alfredo Garzino‐Demo Ph.DLaboratory of Virus‐Host Interactions, Division of Basic ScienceInstitute of Human VirologyUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore, US

Ernesto T.A. Marques Jr., MD, PhD Infectious Diseases and MicrobiologyCenter for Vaccine Research9022 BST3 3501 Fifth AvenuePittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261

Page 20: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

Exome‐CHIPS the new frontier

Page 21: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

DNAH17MDN1CDH23OR5D14PINK1RERGLOR5V1CST2MYH7BFAT3RNF213ADAM30PTCD1ATP5J2‐PTCD1COL12A1TNS1THSD7AMTMR3KIAA1107OR12D3MEGF11NLRP8MKNK1ZNF616SYNE1DSPEPYC

NEW TALENTSUPCOMING…

Page 22: TALENTS UP crovella sergio 20_05_2013

TO BE CONTINUED…