tajwid and mistakes in reading - wordpress.com · 1/3/2017 · tajwid and mistakes in reading...
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DefinitionDefinisi
• The term of “Tajwid” is originated from:Istilah Tajwid berasal dari:
د د –جو تجويدا -يجو
meaning „smarten‟ or „making reading good‟.
yang berarti „memperbagus bacaan‟
• Similar meaning with “Tahsin”Makna yang sama dengan “Tahsin”
ن –حسن تحسينا–يحس
إخراج كل حرف من مخراجه مع إعطائه حقه ومستحقه
“articulating every letter from its articulation
point (makhraj) along with giving the letter
its right (haq) and dues of the letter
(mustahaq)”
Mengeluarkan setiap huruf dari makhraj-nya dengan
memberikan sifat hak dan mustahaq-nya
Haq
• Rights of the letter (Haq) are its required
characteristics that is given as its origin and
never leave it, for example qalqalah
(rebounding sound) or hamsy (sputtery
sound).
Haq adalah sifat asli huruf dan tidak pernah hilang darinya,
contohnya: huruf qalqalah atau hamsy (berdesis)
Mustahaq
• The dues of the letter are its presented characteristics that present in it some of the time because of specific circumstances, and not present at other times. For example, tafkhim (thick sound) or tarqiq (thin sound) of lam and ra because of the vowel of fathah ( ), kasrah ( ) or dhammah ( ).Mustahaq adalah sifat huruf yang didapat karenakondisi tertentu dan tidak muncul setiap saat. Contohnya, tafkhim – tarqiq pada lam dan ra.
Why should learn tajwid?Mengapa harus belajar tajwid?
ورتل القرآن ترتيل
And read Qur‟an with Tartil (Al Muzammil:4)
اترتيل هو تجويد الحروف ومعرفة الوقف
• Tartil is smarten (the sound) of letters and
knowing the basic of interruption (waqaf) well
Tartil adalah memperbaiki huruf dan memahami
bagaimana menghentikan bacaan (waqaf)
Mistakes when reading Qur’anKesalahan dalam membaca Qur’an
• Mistakes, called as “lahn” اللحنKesalahan membaca disebut “Lahn”
• Two kinds of Mistakes/ Dua bentuk kesalahan:
– Obvious and clear mistakes Kesalahan yang nampak dan jelas
– Obscured and hidden mistakesKesalahan yang tidak jelas dan tersembunyi
Obvious and clear mistakesKesalahan yang nampak dan jelas
1. Mistakes in pronouncing letters that affects the accuracy of reading, even if the mistake occurs in the meaning or not.
Kesalahan dalam melafalkan huruf yang memengaruhiakurasi bacaan, baik mengubah makna atau tidak
• It can occur when pronouncing the letter طas ت or د. Dapat terjadi ketika melafalkan huruf ط sebagai ت atauد
2. Mistakes in lengthening (mad)
Kesalahan dalam panjang harakat (mad)
Right reading Obvious mistake
مي عال
رب ال
لل
حمد
لا مي
ال رب ال
لل
همد
لا
Meaning:
All praise be to Allah, God of the
universe (Al Fatihah: 2)
Meaning:
All the destruction be to Allah,
God of the illnesses.
راط يهم م
لا ع
رنمط
وأ ارا
ط يهم م
لا ع
رنمط
وأ
Meaning:
And we sent them rain (of
stones) (Al A’raaf: 84)
Meaning:
And we sent them the airport
3. Mistake in reading vowel (harakat)
Kesalahan dalam membaca harakat
Right reading Obvious mistake
هكي ورسول
مش
ن ال هللا برىء م
نأ كي ورسوله
مش
ن ال هللا برىء م
نأ
Meaning:
Verily, Allah and His Messenger
are innocent from those
polytheists (At Taubah : 3)
Meaning:
Verily, Allah are innocent from
those polytheists and His
Messenger.
4. Mistakes in making an interruption (waqaf)
Kesalahan dalam menghentikan bacaan (waqaf)
Right reading Obvious mistake
الل إل
هإل لهنم أ
لاع ف
هإل لهنم أ
لاعف
Meaning:
Then, know that there is no god,
except Allah (Muhammad :19)
Meaning:
Then, know that there is no
god
قي ف
الل
وا إن
الذين ق
ول ال
ق
سمع الل
دقل
ء نيا
غحن أ
ون
ء نيا
غحن أ
ون قي
ف
الل
إن
Meaning:
Truly, Allah has heard what people are
saying that Allah is poor and we are
rich. (Ali Imran : 181)
Meaning:
Allah is poor and we are
rich.
Obscured and hidden mistakes
Kesalahan tidak jelas dan tersembunyi
a. Mistakes that are only known by those
knowledgeable in Qur‟an reading, for
example in leaving out the idgham (ادغام)
Kesalahan yang hanya dapat diketahui oleh orang yang
memiliki pengetahuan baik dalam membaca Qur‟an,
misalnya tidak membaca dengan idgham
• Mistakes that are only known by skilled
readers of Qur‟an, such as unwanted
repetition of the ر. It may also occur when
reading :
– the dhammah ( ) as between dhammah ( ) and
fathah ( ) because the two lips are not fully
circled. It is usually prevalent when we read “ قل”,
.”عليكم “ or ,”انتم “
– the kasrah ( ) as between kasrah ( ) and fathah
( ), for example when reading “ عليهم”.