Tailing Tornadoes

Vocabulary Words layer raging survey opposing prediction severe stovepipe spiraling inspiration alert

layer

Sedimentary rock is made up more than one layer of rock fragments and sometimes plant and animal material.

layer- one thickness of something

www.surweb.org

Grandma made her famous old fashioned layer cake for the reunion.

raging

The raging waves crashed against the ship.

raging- very active and unpredictable

The man was kayaking down the raging river.

survey

After the tornado had passed, the men looked around town to survey the damage left behind.

survey- an inspection or investigation

The buyers will survey the products available before buying anything for the store.

opposing

The plant has opposing leaves.

opposing- opposite, completely different

The men were members of opposing political parties.

prediction

The weatherman’s prediction is that we will have a snow storm before next weekend.

prediction- the act of telling something before it happens

The forecaster’s prediction of a tornado coming from this storm came true.

severe

The judge gave the criminal a severe sentence for his crime.

severe- very serious, dangerous

A severe storm was moving into the area. It was predicted to be a dangerous one.

stovepipe

The smoke was going up the stove’s stovepipe and out of the house.

stovepipe- a thin pipe connected to a stove that directs smoke or fumes out of the area

The man measured the stovepipe to make sure it was long enough to do the job.

spiraling

They were trying to decide if they should go into the spiraling tunnel.

spiraling- moving in the shape of a spiral

The girl made a spiraling pattern with her shapes.

inspiration

Some people get inspiration from sermons, others from nature.

inspiration- the stirring of the mind, feelings, or imagination, especially so some good idea comes

The beautiful sight of the mountains in the fall gave the artist inspiration for the painting.

alert

A good hunting dog is alert to every sound and movement around him.

alert- awake and prepared to act

The soccer players were alert and prepared to act when the ball came their way.

Vocabulary Synonyms Match the vocabulary with a word that means about the same thing as the vocabulary word.

alert layer severe survey opposing prediction raging stovepipe spiraling inspiration

level fuming inspect contrasting forecasting harsh chimney coiling stimulation aware

Vocabulary Synonyms Match the vocabulary with a word that means about the same thing as the vocabulary word.

layer raging survey opposing prediction severe stovepipe spiraling inspiration alert

level fuming inspect contrasting forecasting harsh chimney coiling stimulation aware

What vocabulary word goes best in each sentence? It was cold outside, so the extra ______ of

clothing helped.

All the the weather forecasters had made the same _________.

The weather lady warned about the possibility of _______ weather coming this weekend.

They warned us to stay _______ and be prepared.

The musician got his _________ for the song from his brother .

layers

prediction

severe

alert

inspiration

What vocabulary word goes best in each sentence? The __________ from the stove was wrapped

around the telephone pole.

The men of the town when out to _______ the damage from the storm.

We watched the leaf slowly ________ down to the ground.

They were on _________ teams for this game.

The troop wanted to conquer the _______ river one more time.

stovepipe

survey

spiraling

opposing

raging

Word Structure

photographmeteorologistlaboratorytornado

Word Structure

These words have different word origins.

Understanding word origins can help you determine the meaning of difficult and unfamiliar words.

You can find the meanings of the word origins from the dictionary or the online dictionary.

Definition of Photograph

A photograph is a likeness or picture obtained from a reaction of light radiation with a sensitive surface.

Literally photograph means to write light. It comes from the words photo, Greek meaning light, and graph from Greek meaning to write.

That is the basis for the technology of

photography.

Can you use your dictionary to find the origins of the rest of the words?

meteorologist

laboratory

tornado

The word meteorology derives from the Greek word meteoron, which refers to any phenomenon in the sky. Ologist refers to a specialist.

The word laboratory derives from the Latin root laborare, which means to work. The suffix -ory means a place.

The word tornado is influenced by Spanish words tonar, which means to twist and tronada, which means thunderstorm and Latin tonāre which means thunder.

Definitions of the words

photograph- picture recorded by a camera or light sensitive paper

meteorologist- one who studies the atmosphere and its processes

laboratory- a place designed to accommodate scientific experiments

tornado- localized violent twisting wind storm

Line One Word Structure

Can you put one of the words in an original sentence that clearly expresses the meaning of the word?

photographmeteorologistlaboratorytornado

What is the common structure?

irregularirrationalirrelevantirremovable

Each word has the prefix ir- which means not. What is the base word for each word?

regularrationalrelevantremove

Define each base word.regular

rational

relevant

remove

Normal, following acceptable rules and patterns

Something done with logic and reason

Applicable and useful

To take away or out

What part of speech are the words?

Adjectives

Can you use the words in original sentences?

irregular irrational irrelevant irremovable

What is the root word?

portabletransportimportexport

The root word port is from Latin. It means “to carry”.

Literal Definitions of the Words

port (to carry)-able (capable): capable of being carried

trans(across or through): port (to carry) to carry across

im(in)- port (to carry): to carry in Ex(out of) –port (to carry): to carry out of

Can you give me the actual definition for each word?

portable- easy to carry from place to place

transport- to carry from one place to another

import- to bring in goods from another country

export- to send goods to other countries

Now write each of the words in an original sentence. Be prepared to share your sentences with the class.

portable transport import export

What is the common structure?

couragecoverappearplace

Each word has the prefix dis- which means “not’, “opposite of”, or “free from”.

What is each word’s base word?

discourageddiscoverdisappearingdisplace

What are the parts of speech for each word?

discourageddiscoverdisappearingdisplace

adjective or verb

verb Verb or adjective

verb

What is the definition for each word?

discouraged-

discover-

disappearing-

displace-

to cause to lose hope or confidence

to see or find for the first time

to go out of sight

to take the place ofUse each word in a sentence.

Use a dictionary to research the origins of the following words.

inventions

biology

audience

Write the literal meaning for each word. How is it compared to the actual definition?

invent (to make up) (t)ions the act or process of

bio(life, living) logy(science of)

audi(to hear) ence(the act or fact of)

Actual Definitions of the Words

inventions- newly created device or idea

biology- the study and science of life

audience- a group of people listening to and watching an event

Can you use the words in sentences?

How many words can you think of that have the roots vis or port?

visvisionvisitortelevision invisiblevisorvisibilityvisionaryvistavisual

improvise

portreportportalsportsupportdeporttransportimportantopportunityPortfoliotransportation

Define the following words.

belief

agree

prove

order

- feeling that something is true

- to come to an understanding between groups or people

- to show something is true

- clean, neat or proper position

If I add the prefix dis- to each word, what word will I get?

belief Agree prove order

- disbelief- disagree

- disprove

- disorder

What is the new word’s part of speech?

- noun- verb

- verb

- noun

Can you give me the definition for each word?

disbelief- feeling that something is false or untrue

disagree- difference of opinion disprove- to show that

something is false disorder- not in a clean, neat,

or proper position; confusion

Now write each of the words in an original sentence. Be prepared to share your sentences with the class.

disbelief disagree disprove disorder

Building Background What do you know about tornadoes? When is

tornado season? It is during the spring and summer. What does a tornado look like? It looks like a spiraling cloud that reaches the ground

from the sky. It is sometimes called a twister. What do you know about meteorology? It is the study of Earth’s atmosphere. One aspect of

meteorology is weather. Do you know anything about storm chasers?

Information you might find helpful when reading the story. The National Severe Storms Laboratory studies

tornadoes to help scientist understand and predict their appearance.

Tornadoes are rated on the Fujita scale from F0 (light damage) to F5 (incredible damage. Wind speeds can get up to 250mph. The path of a tornado can be greater than one mile wide and fifty miles long.

There are an average of 800 to 1,000 tornadoes per year in the USA. They happen mainly in the spring and summer and can occur anywhere in the United States.

Expository Text The purpose of expository text is to share

information with the reader. Facts about real events or real people are

often included. Information is presented in a

straightforward way. The factual information can often be

checked by referring to other sources.

Comprehension Strategies to

Use

Focus Questions How do storm chasers help us understand weather?Why is chasing storms dangerous?

Comprehension Checks Who is Greg Stumpf? He is a meteorologist and storm chaser. Why do you think it is hard to spot a tornado? I think it is hard to spot a tornado because weather

is unpredictable. What does “going visual” mean?

Going visual means that they can see the storm. What do the storm chasers study? The storm chasers study tornadoes and how they

form and act.

What is the purpose of chasing a tornado? The purpose of chasing a tornado is to learn more about storm patterns so scientist can predict storms early, likely saving lives.

How does this story relate to the theme? It shows how energy can be

destructive as well as productive.

BIG Idea

How does energy effect your life?

Questions for Theme ConnectionsWhy might it be important to study tornadoes?Learning to predict them may help protect people from their deadly force.Name one thing that indicates a tornado could form.A wall cloud dropping from the sky could indicate a tornado is forming.What qualifies the author to write about tornadoes?She is a meteorologist.How is this story similar to The Sparks Fly?Both show how forms of energy in nature can be dangerous.How are the storm chasers like Benjamin Franklin?Both are curious about science and like experimenting to discover new information.

Spelling Words - Root Words and Prefixes ir- and dis- discouraged irregular portable import displace irrelevant sign signify disembark signal

exporting irrefutable porter transportation disinterest disappearing signature insignia irrational irreparable

Sort the Spelling Words

ir- dis- port sign

irregular

irrelevant

Irrefutable

irrational

irreparable

discouraged

displace

disembark

disinterest

disappearing

portable

import

exporting

porter

transportation

sign

signify

signal

signature

insignia

Grammar, Usage, and MechanicsConjunctions

Jose and Andrew are in-line skating.

The word and in the sentence is a conjunction. Conjunctions are words that connect words or groups of words.

And is an example of a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions combine words or groups of words that have equal importance in the sentence. Other examples of coordinating conjunctions are but, or, so, yet, and for.

Conjunctions

You may leave when you’ve finished.

When is an example of a subordinating conjunction.

Subordinating conjunctions connect two clauses when one clause is grammatically dependant on the other.

Common subordinating conjunctions include after, although, before, when, if, and while.

Write two sentences. One should have a subordinating conjunction and the other should have a coordinating conjunction. Identify each conjunction.

Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics

Electronic technology comes in many forms such as the Internet, and electronic dictionaries, thesauruses, encyclopedias and library catalogs. When using these tools, you will need to identify key words for you searches. Key words identify the main topic of research. The key word needs to be precise.

What would a good key word be?

What do you need to become a storm chaser?

Key words- storm chaser requirements

What does a meteorologist do?

Key words- meteorologist’s job

Did you know?????

You can use your word processing program to:

check spelling

check your grammar

find similar words

readability checks

But don’t forget……

The word processor can overlook:

homographs

homophones

and other grammatical constructions

So ALWAYS proofread.

Review

rupt jus funct mechRupt comes from Latin, and it means break.Jus comes from Latin. It means law.Funct comes from Latin, and it means perform.Mech also comes from Latin. It means machine.

Find derivatives of the roots.

A derivative is a word formed by adding a prefix or suffix to another word or root.

rupt jus funct mech

interrupt

rupture

erupt

corrupt

disrupt

justice

adjust

unjustly

justify

just

function

functional

nonfunctional

functionalist

functionality

mechanic

mechanical

mechanism

mechanist

mechanize

Add the prefix dis- or ir- to make a new word.

revocable replaceableagreementappeared

irrevocable

irreplaceable

disagreement

disappeared

Write the new words in sentences. Be prepared to share your sentences.