Table of Contents

VOLUME 1

TABLES OF AUTHORITIES, ETC.

Table of Judicial Decisions..........................................................................JD-1

Table of Regulatory Decisions, Orders and Public Notices ..............................RD-1

Tables of Statutes, Regulations and Statutory Instruments ...............................TS-1

PART ILEGAL FRAMEWORK AND INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

CHAPTER 1 — THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ............................................... 1-1

A. THE CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ......................................... 1-1

§ 100 General .................................................................................. 1-1

§ 101 The Decision in AGT v. Canada (CRTC).................................... 1-2

§ 102 The Decision in Telephone Guevremont........................................ 1-4

§ 103 The Constitutional Position of Non-Facilities-Based TSPs ............. 1-6

§ 104 Integrated Undertakings ......................................................... 1-12

§ 105 Jurisdiction in Relation to Radio Communication ...................... 1-12

§ 106 Application of Provincial Laws to Federal Works and

Undertakings ................................................................................. 1-15

§ 107 Limitations on Federal Jurisdiction .......................................... 1-18

B. THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK............................................... 1-18

§ 108 General ................................................................................ 1-18

§ 109 An Outline of the Telecommunications Act ................................. 1-19

§ 110 Carriers Subject to Regulation ................................................. 1-22

(a) Resellers ......................................................................... 1-23

(b) “Private Carriers” .......................................................... 1-24.3

(c) Exempted carriers .......................................................... 1-24.3

§ 111 Statutory History of the Telecommunications Act ...................... 1-24.3

(a) Railway Act .................................................................. 1-24.3

(b) National Telecommunications Powers and Procedures Act ..... 1-24.5

(c) Telegraphs Act............................................................... 1-24.6

§ 112 Provincial Legislation ........................................................... 1-24.6

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§ 113 Overview of Key Developments in the Telecommunications

Sector ....................................................................................... 1-24.7

Table 1.1: Timeline of Key Developments........................................... 1-25

CHAPTER 2 — INDUSTRY STRUCTURE ................................................... 2-1

§ 200 Overview ................................................................................ 2-1

A. INCUMBENT LOCAL EXCHANGE CARRIERS ............................... 2-3

Figure 2-1: ILEC Operating Territories, by Province ............................. 2-3

§ 201 Bell Canada ............................................................................ 2-4

§ 202 TELUS Communications Company............................................ 2-7

§ 203 Saskatchewan Telecommunications............................................. 2-9

§ 204 MTS Inc............................................................................... 2-10

§ 205 Bell Aliant ............................................................................ 2-11

Figure 2-2: Evolution of Bell Aliant.................................................. 2-14

§ 206 Northwestel Inc. .................................................................... 2-14

§ 207 SILECs ................................................................................ 2-15

Figure 2-3: SILECs, by Province, 2015.............................................. 2-16

B. CABLE-BASED CARRIERS............................................................ 2-17

§ 208 Rogers ................................................................................. 2-17

§ 209 Shaw ................................................................................... 2-17

§ 210 Eastlink................................................................................ 2-18

§ 211 Videotron ............................................................................. 2-18

§ 212 Cogeco................................................................................. 2-18

C. WIRELESS CARRIERS .................................................................. 2-18

§ 213 Bell Mobility......................................................................... 2-18

§ 214 WIND ................................................................................. 2-18

§ 215 Rogers Wireless ................................................................... 2-18.1

§ 216 TELUS Mobility ................................................................... 2-19

D.OTHER FACILITIES-BASED CARRIERS ....................................... 2-19

§ 217 Telesat ................................................................................. 2-19

§ 218 Hydro One Telecom............................................................... 2-21

E. RESELLERS.................................................................................. 2-21

§ 219 Primus Canada...................................................................... 2-21

§ 220 Distributel ............................................................................ 2-21

§ 221 YAK ................................................................................... 2-21

§ 222 WiMacTel ............................................................................ 2-21

F. OTHERS ....................................................................................... 2-21

§ 223 Teleglobe Canada Inc. ............................................................ 2-21

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§ 224 Stentor ................................................................................. 2-23

G.COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE......................................................... 2-25

§ 225 TSP Market Shares ................................................................ 2-25

Figure 2-4: Residential Telephone Lines Market Share by Type of

TSP, 2003–2013 .............................................................................. 2-26

Figure 2-5: Business Telephone Lines Market Share by Type of TSP,

2003–2013...................................................................................... 2-27

Figure 2-6: Wholesale Local and Access Lines Market Share by Type

of TSP, 2003–2013 .......................................................................... 2-28

Figure 2-7: ILECs’ Share of Retail Long Distance Market in Home

Operating Territories, Selected Years 1995–2013.................................. 2-29

Figure 2-8: Wireless Market Shares by Type of TSP, 2005–2013 ........... 2-30

Figure 2-9: Data Market Shares by Type of TSP, 2003–2012................ 2-31

Figure 2-10: Residential Internet Access Market Shares by Type of

TSP, 2003–2013 .............................................................................. 2-32

Figure 2-11: Business Internet Access Market Shares by Type of

TSP, 2003–2013 .............................................................................. 2-33

PART IITHE PROVISION OF SERVICEAND CARRIER LIABILITY

CHAPTER 3 — PROVISION OF SERVICE .................................................. 3-1

A. INCORPORATION, LICENSING AND POWERS OF CARRIERS....... 3-1

§ 300 Incorporation and Licensing...................................................... 3-1

(a) International Services ......................................................... 3-1

(b) Radio Authorizations ......................................................... 3-3

(i) Radio Licences .............................................................. 3-6

(ii) Spectrum Licences ......................................................... 3-7

(iii) Licensing policies relating to particular services .................. 3-8

Figure 3-1: Spectrum allocated to CMRS, 2015 ................................... 3-10

Figure 3-2: Summary of CMRS Licence Conditions............................. 3-11

(iv) Licence Transfers......................................................... 3-14

(c) International Submarine Cables ......................................... 3-16

§ 301 Canadian Ownership and Control ............................................ 3-17

(a) General .......................................................................... 3-17

(b) “Control in Fact” ............................................................ 3-19

Figure 3-3: Selected CRTC Decisions on “Control in Fact” .................. 3-28

(c) Grandfathering................................................................ 3-32

(d) Regulations..................................................................... 3-32

(e) International Mobile Satellite Services................................. 3-33

§ 302 Powers ................................................................................. 3-33

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(a) Entry on to Public Lands.................................................. 3-33

(b) Expropriation.................................................................. 3-38

B. DUTY TO SERVE.......................................................................... 3-39

§ 304 The Duty to Supply at Common Law....................................... 3-39

§ 305 The Duty to Serve and Regulation ........................................... 3-43

(a) Terms of Service.............................................................. 3-44

(b) Bell Canada Act, section 6................................................. 3-45

(c) Telecommunication Act, section 27(2) .................................. 3-46

(d) Telecommunication Act, section 42(1) .................................. 3-46

(e) Extensions of Service under Carrier Tariffs .......................... 3-47

(f) Basic Service Objective ..................................................... 3-47

§ 306 Duty to Supply Services and Facilities to Competitors................. 3-49

§ 307 Mandated Introduction of New Services and Withdrawal

of Services ..................................................................................... 3-51

§ 308 Continuance of Service during Receivership ............................... 3-56

C. TERMS AND CONDITION OF SERVICE ....................................... 3-56

§ 309 In General ............................................................................ 3-56

§ 310 The Terms of Service.............................................................. 3-57

(a) Scope............................................................................. 3-57

(b) Obligations of the Customer.............................................. 3-58

(c) Obligations of the Carrier ................................................. 3-59

(d) Suspension and Termination of Service ............................... 3-60

(e) Confidentiality ................................................................ 3-62

§ 311 The Wireless Code ................................................................. 3-31

§ 312 Other Conditions of Service applicable to Tariffed or

Forborne Services ........................................................................... 3-79

(a) Confidentiality ................................................................ 3-79

(b) Dispute Resolution .......................................................... 3-79

(c) Deposit and Disconnection Code ....................................... 3-79

(d) Customer transfers ........................................................... 3-79

(e) Service cancellations......................................................... 3-79

(f) Mobile wireless data services ............................................. 3-79

§ 313 Provincial Consumer Protection Legislation ............................... 3-80

CHAPTER 4 — THE LIABILITY OF CARRIERS ......................................... 4-1

A. THE GROUNDS OF LIABILITY ...................................................... 4-1

§ 400 Liability in Contract................................................................. 4-1

§ 401 Liability in Tort ...................................................................... 4-1

§ 402 Statutory Liabilities.................................................................. 4-2

§ 403 Liability as a Common Carrier ................................................4-4.1

§ 404 Liability to Addressees ............................................................. 4-6

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B. MEASURE OF DAMAGES............................................................... 4-9

§ 405 Damages in Contract ............................................................... 4-9

§ 406 Damages in Tort ................................................................... 4-12

§ 407 Damages for Breach of Statutory Duty under the Telecommunications

Act ......................................................................................... 4-12

C. THE LIMITS ON LIABILITY ......................................................... 4-13

§ 408 Limitations of Action ............................................................. 4-13

§ 409 Telecommunications Act, s. 31 .................................................. 4-13

§ 410 Limitations on Liability under the Terms of Service .................... 4-17

(a) Article 16.1 ..................................................................... 4-17

(b) Article 16.2 ..................................................................... 4-19

§ 411 Limitations of Liability under General Order T-40...................... 4-20

§ 412 Other Limitations of Liability .................................................. 4-20

§ 413 The Position of Third Parties................................................... 4-21

§ 414 Connecting Carriers ............................................................... 4-22

§ 415 Construction of Limitations of Liability .................................... 4-22

(a) Construction Contra Proferentem....................................... 4-22

(b) Fundamental Breach ........................................................ 4-24

D. PARTICULAR CAUSES OF ACTION ........................................... 4-24.1

§ 416 Defamation......................................................................... 4-24.1

§ 417 Directory Omissions............................................................... 4-27

§ 418 Breach of Copyright............................................................... 4-28

§ 419 Deviations from Tariff............................................................ 4-28

PART IIITHE REGULATION OF CARRIERS

CHAPTER 5 — REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS: CONSTITUTION,

ORGANIZATION & POWERS .................................................................... 5-1

§ 500 Introduction............................................................................ 5-1

A. CRTC.............................................................................................. 5-1

§ 501 Constitution............................................................................ 5-1

§ 502 Organization ........................................................................... 5-4

§ 503 Jurisdiction and Powers ............................................................ 5-7

(a) Application of Section 7 of the Act ...................................... 5-8

(b) Concurrent Jurisdiction with Civil Courts............................ 5-10

§ 504 General Powers ..................................................................... 5-14

(a) Declaratory Orders .......................................................... 5-14

(b) Mandatory and Restraining Orders .................................... 5-15

(c) Information .................................................................... 5-15

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(d) Construction of Works ..................................................... 5-15

(e) Inspection....................................................................... 5-17

(f) Inquiries ......................................................................... 5-17

(g) Policy Guidelines and Statements ....................................... 5-18

(h) Exemption Power ............................................................ 5-18

§ 505 Interim Orders and Contingent Orders...................................... 5-19

§ 506 The Decision-Making Process .................................................. 5-21

§ 507 Duty to Decide...................................................................... 5-24

§ 508 Cabinet Directions ................................................................. 5-25

§ 509 Regulation versus Management................................................ 5-27

§ 510 Remedies.............................................................................. 5-29

§ 511 Enforcement of Decisions ....................................................... 5-33

§ 512 Administrative Monetary Penalties and other Sanctions............... 5-34

(a) Administrative Monetary Penalties ..................................... 5-35

(b) Other Sanctions ............................................................... 5-37

§ 513 Publication of Decisions and Tariffs in Canada Gazette ............... 5-38

§ 514 Application of Access to Information Act ................................... 5-38

B. OTHER INSTITUTIONS ................................................................ 5-39

§ 515 Governor in Council .............................................................. 5-39

§ 516 The Minister of Industry......................................................... 5-40

§ 517 Competition Bureau ............................................................... 5-40

§ 518 Commissioner for Complaints for Telecommunications

Services ......................................................................................... 5-43

§ 519 CRTC Interconnection Steering Committee (CISC)..................... 5-44

§ 520 Canadian Numbering Administrator Consortium Inc. and

the Canadian Numbering Administrator............................................. 5-44

CHAPTER 6 — RATE REGULATION ......................................................... 6-1

A. RATES AND TARIFFS .................................................................... 6-1

§ 600 Introduction............................................................................ 6-1

§ 601 The Scope of the CRTC’s Rate Jurisdiction................................. 6-2

(a) Cases under the Telecommunications Act ............................... 6-2

(b) Cases under the Railway Act ............................................... 6-4

§ 602 Tariffs.................................................................................... 6-5

(a) Retail Tariffs .................................................................... 6-6

(b) Wholesale Competitor Services Tariffs .................................. 6-7

(c) CLEC Tariffs .................................................................... 6-7

(d) Service Destandardization and/or Withdrawal ........................ 6-7

(e) Intercarrier Agreements ...................................................... 6-7

(f) Special Tariffs ................................................................... 6-8

(g) Joint Tariffs ....................................................................6-8.1

(h) Form and Content ...........................................................6-8.1

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§ 603 Statutory Requirements Relating to Rates .................................6-8.2

§ 604 The First Requirement: Justness and Reasonableness ..................6-8.2

§ 605 The Second Requirement: Unjust Discrimination........................6-8.7

(a) In General ........................................................................ 6-9

(b) Justification .................................................................... 6-11

(c) Examples........................................................................ 6-14

(d) Onus.............................................................................. 6-21

(e) Application of Section 28(1) of the Telecommunications

Act ................................................................................ 6-23

§ 606 The Third Requirement: Approval of Rates............................... 6-24

§ 606A. Forbearance........................................................................ 6-25

(a) General .......................................................................... 6-25

(b) Local Exchange Services ................................................... 6-30

(c) VoIP Services .................................................................. 6-32

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Table 6.1: Forborne Services’ Share of Total Revenues by

Service Type, 2007-2010................................................................... 6-33

Table 6.2: Markets subject to CRTC Forbearance Rulings.................... 6-33

§ 607 Effective Date of Rate Proposals.............................................. 6-36

§ 608 The Commission’s General Power Respecting Rates,

Tariffs and Telecommunications Services............................................ 6-37

§ 609 Interim Changes in Rates........................................................ 6-37

§ 610 Agreements Pertaining to Rates ............................................... 6-39

§ 611 Burden of Proof .................................................................... 6-40

B. RATE MAKING ............................................................................ 6-41

§ 612 Methodology ........................................................................ 6-41

§ 613 The Regulatory Framework Decision......................................... 6-42

§ 614 Regulation of the Major ILECs ............................................... 6-45

(a) Retail Rates .................................................................... 6-46

Table 6.3: Retail Price Caps .................................................... 6-47

(i) The First Price Cap...................................................... 6-51

(ii) The Second Price Cap .................................................. 6-53

(iii) The Third Price Cap .................................................... 6-54

(b) Wholesale Rates .............................................................. 6-55

(i) High-Speed Access Services ........................................... 6-56

(c) Other Price-Related Matters .............................................. 6-56

(i) Construction Program .................................................. 6-56

(ii) Depreciation ............................................................... 6-57

(iii) Intercorporate Transactions........................................... 6-58

(iv) Predatory Pricing......................................................... 6-58

(v) Quality of Service ........................................................ 6-61

§ 615 Regulation of Northwestel Inc ................................................. 6-63

§ 616 Regulation of the SILECs ....................................................... 6-64

§ 617 Regulation of Teleglobe .......................................................... 6-65

C. PARTICULAR RATING ISSUES .................................................... 6-65

§ 618 Costing ................................................................................ 6-65

§ 619 Retroactivity and Retrospectivity in Rate Making ...................... 6-69

§ 620 Rate Design .......................................................................... 6-71

(a) “Universal Service” .......................................................... 6-72

Table 6.4: Penetration Rates, 1997-2009 ............................................. 6-75

(b) Company-Wide Price Averaging......................................... 6-76

(c) Cost-Based Versus Value-of-Service Pricing ......................... 6-78

§ 621 Extended Area Service (EAS) and Local Calling Areas

(LCAs)................................................................................. 6-79

§ 622 Reduced Rates and Free Services ............................................. 6-85

§ 623 Rebates ................................................................................ 6-87

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CHAPTER 7 — INTERCONNECTION, ACCESS AND OTHER MATTERS .... 7-1

§ 700 Introduction............................................................................ 7-1

A. INTERCONNECTION AND ACCESS ............................................... 7-2

§ 701 Interconnection Agreements ...................................................... 7-2

§ 702 CRTC Powers in Relation to Interconnection .............................. 7-4

§ 703 Interconnection and Competition ............................................... 7-7

(a) The Ingersoll Case ............................................................. 7-7

(b) Private Line and Switched Data Competition......................... 7-8

(c) Expansion of Services Competition....................................... 7-9

(d) Interexchange Competition.................................................. 7-9

(e) Local Competition ........................................................... 7-11

(f) Pay Phone Competition .................................................... 7-11

(g) International Services Competition ..................................... 7-12

§ 704 Arrangements for Interexchange Competition ............................ 7-12

(a) Registration .................................................................... 7-12

(b) Compensation for Interconnection...................................... 7-12

(i) Start-up Costs ............................................................. 7-13

(ii) Ongoing Costs............................................................. 7-14

§ 705 Arrangements for Wireless to LEC Interconnection .................... 7-15

§ 706 Arrangements for CLEC to LEC Interconnection and

Local Competition .......................................................................... 7-16

(a) Registration .................................................................... 7-17

(b) Interconnection Arrangements ........................................... 7-17

(c) Entry Requirements ......................................................... 7-17

Figure 7–1: CRTC’s Summary of CLEC Obligations and Documents

to be filed by Prospective CLECs ...................................................... 7-18

(d) Compensation for Interconnection...................................... 7-29

§ 707 Arrangements for Pay Telephone to LEC Interconnection ........... 7-30

§ 708 Arrangements for IP Network Interconnection........................... 7-32

§ 709 Subsidy and Contribution Regime ............................................ 7-33

(1) Contribution prior to Decision 2000-745 ............................. 7-34

(a) Contribution by Dedicated Interexchange Services and

Facsimile Services ............................................................ 7-36

(b) Contribution by Public Switched Interexchange Voice

Services .......................................................................... 7-37

(c) Contribution by Wireless Service Providers.......................... 7-38

(d) Contribution by Paging Services......................................... 7-41

(e) Contribution by Internet Services ....................................... 7-41

(f) Contribution by Non-Interconnected Services and DALs....... 7-41

(g) Contribution by Resellers.................................................. 7-42

(2) Contribution under Decision 2000-745 ................................ 7-43

(a) Contribution eligible revenues............................................ 7-43

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(b) Calculation of Subsidy Requirement ................................... 7-45

(c) Revenue Percentage Charge............................................... 7-46

§ 710 Mandated Access to Facilities and Services................................ 7-46

(a) General .......................................................................... 7-46

(b) Wireline services ............................................................ 7-46.3

(c) Wireless services ............................................................ 7-46.4

B. PARTICULAR ACCESS ISSUES ................................................... 7-46.6

§ 711 Co-Location........................................................................ 7-46.6

§ 712 Number Portability .............................................................. 7-46.7

§ 713 Support Structures ............................................................... 7-46.7

§ 713A Access to Directory Databases........................................... 7-46.11

§ 713B Building Access ............................................................... 7-46.11

§ 713C Resolution of Competitive and Access Disputes ................... 7-46.16

(a) Staff-assisted mediation ................................................ 7-46.18

(b) Final offer arbitration .................................................. 7-46.19

(c) Expedited hearing ........................................................ 7-46.21

(d) Staff-assisted opinion ................................................... 7-46.22

(e) Consensus-based problem-solving................................... 7-46.23

C. RESALE AND TERMINAL ATTACHMENT ............................... 7-46.23

§ 714 Domestic Resale and Sharing .............................................. 7-46.23

§ 715 International Resale and Sharing ............................................. 7-50

§ 716 Affiliate Rule ........................................................................ 7-50

§ 717 Terminal Attachment ............................................................. 7-51

§ 718 Telecommunications Apparatus Conformity Assessment .............. 7-53

D.COMPETITIVE SAFEGUARDS ...................................................... 7-54

§ 719 General ................................................................................ 7-54

§ 720 Structural Separation ............................................................. 7-58

§ 720A “Winback” Rules................................................................. 7-62

§ 721 Service Bundling.................................................................... 7-63

§ 722 Promotions ........................................................................... 7-66

E. APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION ACT AND THE CRIMINAL

CODE TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS ............................................ 7-67

§ 722A Competition Act Provisions relating to

Telecommunications........................................................................ 7-67

(a) Criminal Offences and Reviewable Conduct......................... 7-68

(b) Restrictive Practices ....................................................... 7-70.2

(c) Regulated Conduct Defence ............................................ 7-70.5

(d) Civil Remedies .............................................................. 7-70.6

§ 722B Criminal Code Provisions relating to

Telecommunications...................................................................... 7-70.6

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(a) Interception of Communications ...................................... 7-70.7

(b) Theft of Telecommunications Services............................... 7-70.7

(c) General Warrants and Telecommunications Records ........... 7-70.8

F. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS .............................................. 7-70.9

§ 723 Introduction........................................................................ 7-70.9

§ 724 Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement ..................................... 7-70.10

§ 725 The North American Free Trade Agreement.......................... 7-70.13

(a) Access to Facilities........................................................... 7-71

(b) Restrictive Practices ......................................................... 7-73

(c) Standards-Related Measures.............................................. 7-74

§ 726 General Agreement on Trade in Services ................................... 7-75

(a) The Basic Principles of the GATS ...................................... 7-76

(b) Article XVI — Market Access ........................................... 7-77

(c) Article XVII — National Treatment ................................... 7-81

(d) Article XVIII — Additional Commitments .......................... 7-81

(e) The Fourth Protocol ........................................................ 7-81

(f) The Reference Paper ........................................................ 7-83

Figure 7–2: Canada’s Schedule of Specific Commitments ..................... 7-85

G.OTHER ......................................................................................... 7-97

§ 727 Changes in Control, Mergers and Acquisitions........................... 7-97

(a) CRTC ............................................................................ 7-97

(b) Radiocommunication Act ................................................... 7-99

(c) Competition Act ............................................................... 7-99

(d) Investment Canada Act..................................................... 7-100

§ 728 Unsolicited Telecommunications .......................................... 7-100.1

(a) ADAD Calls ............................................................... 7-100.2

(b) Telemarketing Rules........................................................ 7-101

(c) National DNCL Rules .................................................... 7-102

(d) Administrative Monetary Penalties .................................... 7-104

§ 728A Canadian Anti-Spam Legislation........................................... 7-105

§ 729 Privacy............................................................................. 7-106.5

§ 730 Content of Messages and “Net Neutrality”............................ 7-106.7

§ 731 “Convergence” ................................................................. 7-106.10

§ 732 Bypass ................................................................................ 7-111

(a) Canada-Overseas and Canada-Canada Bypass .................... 7-115

(b) Teleglobe Bypass ............................................................ 7-118

§ 733 Telecommunications Fees....................................................... 7-122

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PART IVTHE REGULATORY PROCESS

CHAPTER 8 — CONDUCT OF PROCEEDINGS .......................................... 8-1

§ 800 In General .............................................................................. 8-1

A. PRELIMINARY MATTERS.............................................................. 8-2

§ 801 Institution of Proceedings ......................................................... 8-2

§ 802 Notice.................................................................................... 8-3

§ 803 Service of Documents ............................................................... 8-6

§ 804 Requests for Information .......................................................... 8-6

§ 805 Production of Documents ......................................................... 8-7

B. THE HEARING............................................................................... 8-7

§ 806 Organization and Conduct of Proceedings ................................... 8-7

§ 807 Regional Hearings ................................................................... 8-8

§ 808 Preparatory Conferences ........................................................... 8-8

§ 809 Interventions ........................................................................... 8-9

§ 810 Evidence................................................................................. 8-9

§ 811 Requests for Information ........................................................ 8-11

§ 812 Cross-examination ................................................................. 8-12

§ 813 Enforcing Attendance of Witnesses........................................... 8-13

§ 813A Reasons for Decision............................................................ 8-13

C. PARTICULAR MATTERS.............................................................. 8-14

§ 814 References to the Federal Court of Appeal ................................ 8-14

§ 815 Confidentiality ...................................................................... 8-14

§ 816 Staff Papers and Documents.................................................... 8-20

D.COSTS........................................................................................... 8-23

§ 817 In General ............................................................................ 8-23

§ 818 Criteria ................................................................................ 8-25

§ 819 Adversarial Proceedings .......................................................... 8-29

§ 820 Interim Costs ........................................................................ 8-30

§ 821 Practice ................................................................................ 8-34

CHAPTER 9 — REVIEWS AND APPEALS .................................................. 9-1

§ 900 Introduction............................................................................ 9-1

A. INTERNAL REVIEWS ..................................................................... 9-1

§ 901 General .................................................................................. 9-1

§ 902 Review Criteria ....................................................................... 9-2

§ 903 Conduct of Reviews ................................................................. 9-5

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§ 904 Practice .................................................................................. 9-8

B. APPEALS TO THE FEDERAL COURT OF APPEAL ....................... 9-10

§ 905 Scope................................................................................... 9-10

§ 906 Procedure ............................................................................. 9-13

§ 907 The Test for Leave................................................................. 9-14

§ 908 Standard of Review on Appeal ................................................ 9-14

(a) Pre-Dunsmuir Decisions ................................................... 9-17

§ 909 Stays by the Federal Court of Appeal Pending Appeal ................ 9-19

§ 910 Stays by the CRTC Pending Appeal ......................................... 9-20

§ 911 Standing of the Commission.................................................... 9-22

C. JUDICIAL REVIEW....................................................................... 9-25

§ 912 Federal Court of Appeal......................................................... 9-25

§ 913 Provincial Superior Courts ...................................................... 9-28

§ 914 [Intentionally blank] ............................................................... 9-29

D.CABINET APPEALS ...................................................................... 9-29

§ 915 In General ............................................................................ 9-29

§ 916 Procedural Safeguards ............................................................ 9-32

§ 917 Limits on Cabinet Authority ................................................... 9-33

§ 918 Process................................................................................. 9-34

§ 919 Practice ................................................................................ 9-35

(a) Threshold for Governor in Council Review ......................... 9-35

(b) Governor in Council Decisions .......................................... 9-37

Figure 9-1: Decisions by the Governor-in-Council reviewing

Telecommunications Decisions 1967 to date........................................ 9-40

Figure 9-2: Summary of Procedure — Reviews and Appeals of

CRTC Decisions............................................................................. 9-50

VOLUME 2

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A — FEDERAL STATUTES

Table of Concordance — Telecommunications Act and Previous Legislation........A1-1

Telecommunications Act ..............................................................................A2-1

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Act ...................A3-1

Radiocommunication Act .............................................................................A4-1

Department of Industry Act (ss. 1-22, 25 and 67).............................................A5-1

Department of Canadian Heritage Act ...........................................................A6-1

Bell Canada Act.........................................................................................A7-1

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Teleglobe Canada Reorganization and Divestiture Act.......................................A8-1

Telesat Canada Reorganization and Divestiture Act ..........................................A9-1

Canadian Anti-Spam Legislation................................................................ A10-1

Broadcasting Act (ss. 1-34, 89-93) ............................................................... A11-1

APPENDIX B — FEDERAL REGULATIONS, DIRECTIVES, CRTCINFORMATION BULLETINS

(a) Regulations, etc. made by the CRTC

CRTC Telecommunications Rules of Procedure .........................................APP-95

Terms of Service.................................................................................. APP-135

Telecommunications Fees Regulations, 2010 ..........................................APP-146.1

Basic International Telecommunications Service Licence ..........................APP-146.3

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Unsolicited Telecommunications Rules..................................................APP-146.5

Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations (CRTC)........................... APP-146.17

(b) Regulations made by the Governor in Council

Canadian Telecommunications Common Carrier Ownership and Control

Regulations..................................................................................... APP-146.19

Telecommunications Apparatus Regulations ........................................ APP-146.51

International Submarine Cable Licences Regulations............................. APP-146.53

Radiocommunication Regulations ...................................................... APP-146.55

Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations ................................... APP-146.70(1)

(c) Directions to the CRTC

Directive respecting ED TEL............................................................. APP-146.71

Direction to the CRTC (Ineligibility to Hold Broadcasting Licences) ....... APP-146.75

Direction to the CRTC (Ineligibility of Non-Canadians)........................ APP-146.79

Direction to the CRTC on Implementing the Canadian Telecommunications Policy

Objectives ....................................................................................... APP-146.85

(d) CRTC Information Bulletins

Guidelines for the Assessment of Costs ......................................... APP-146.88(0.1)

Revised guidelines for review and vary applications, IB 2011-214 ........ APP-146.88(1)

Internet traffic management practices — Guidelines for responding to complaints and

enforcing framework compliance by Internet service providers,

IB 2011-609 ................................................................................ APP-146.88(5)

Changes to ownership data collection for Canadian carriers,

IB 2010-115 ...............................................................................APP-146.88(13)

Approval processes for tariff applications and intercarrier agreements,

IB 2010-455 ...............................................................................APP-146.88(17)

Amendment and re-issuance of Telecom Circular 2008-3 regarding the interpretation of

the Unsolicited Telecommunications Rules as they apply to investment dealers, mutual

fund dealers, and investment and financial advisors, IB 2010-600 .......APP-146.88(25)

Guidelines on the CRTC Rules of Practice and Procedure,

IB 2010-959 ...............................................................................APP-146.88(31)

Procedures for filing confidential information and requesting its disclosure in

Commission proceedings, IB 2010-961 ...........................................APP-146.88(71)

Format for requests for information and responses, IB 2010-962........APP-146.88(85)

Guidelines on the interpretation of the Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations

(CRTC), IB 2012-549 ..................................................................APP-146.88(87)

Guidelines on the use of toggling as a means of obtaining express consent

under CASL, IB 2012-548 ............................................................APP-146.88(97)

(e) Other

CISC Adminstrative Guidelines ......................................................... APP-146.89

CRTC/Competition Bureau Interface, October 8, 1999 .................................. B46-1

Letter of Agreement between CRTC and Competition Bureau,

September 25, 2013 .................................................................................. B47-1

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Memorandum of Understanding between CRTC, Competition Bureau

and Privacy Commission, October 22, 2013 ................................................. B48-1

CMRS Spectrum Licence (Sample) ............................................................. B49-1

APPENDIX C —PROVINCIAL STATUTES

Manitoba: The Consumer Protection Amendment Act (Cell Phone Contracts) ......C1-1

Newfoundland and Labrador: An Act to amend the Consumer Protection and

Business Practices Act.................................................................................C2-1

Nova Scotia: An Act to Amend Chapter 92 of the Revised Statutes, 1989, the

Consumer Protection Act, to Ensure Fairness in Cellular Telephone

Contracts [Repealed.]..................................................................................C3-1

Ontario: Wireless Services Agreement Act ......................................................C4-1

Quebec: An Act to amend the Consumer Protection Act and other legislative

provisions..................................................................................................C5-1

APPENDIX D — INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States

of America (excerpts) ........................................................................... APP-175

North American Free Trade Agreement (excerpts) .................................... APP-191

General Agreements on Trade in Services (excerpts).................................. APP-207

APPENDIX E — RATE REGULATION PRIOR TO THE

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK DECISION

................................................................................................ APP-230

INDEX

INDEX ................................................................................................. IND-1

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