table 6.1 – odor threshold values - · pdf file21 odor thresholds for chemicals with...

21

Odor Thresholds for Chemicals with Established Health Standards, 2nd Edition

Table 6.1 – Odor Threshold Values

The table contains the following information:

Chemical Name, CAS Number, Chemical Formula, Chemical Molecular weight”

Range of Referenced Values

Odor Character Description(s)

ACGIH® Threshold Limit Value (TLV)®

OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

AIHA® WEEL® Value

Abbreviations/Definitions used in table:

Alliaceous – Resembling garlic or onion in smell or taste

BEI – Biological Exposure Indices

DSEN – May cause dermal sensitization

Empyreumatic – Being or having an odor of burnt organic material as a result of decomposition

Etherous / Ethereal – Resembling or pertaining to ether

Fusel – Hot acrid oily liquid

H – Aerosol only

IFV – Measured as Inhalable fraction and vapor

L – Exposure to carcinogens should be kept to a minimum

Q – Absorbed rapidly through the skin in molten/heated liquid form in amounts that have caused rapid death in humans

SEN – Sensitization

Skin – Potential exposure by the cutaneous route

(W) – Worker exposure by all routes should be minimized to the fullest extent possible

22


Table 6.1 – Odor Threshold Values

#

Compound Name CAS Number Formula Molecular Weight

Range of Odor Values

(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

1

Acetaldehyde75-07-0C2H4O44.05

0.0015 – 1,000pungent, fruity,

suffocating,fresh, green

C = 25 TWA = 200 –

2

Acetic Acid64-19-7C2H4O2

60.05

0.0004 – 204pungent,vinegar

STEL = 15TWA = 10

TWA = 10 –

3

Acetic Anhydride108-24-7C4H6O3

102.09

0.12 – 0.36 sour, acidTWA = 1

C = 3TWA = 5 –

4

Acetone67-64-1C3H6O58.08

0.40 – 11,745sweet, fruity,

etherous

TWA = 500STEL = 750

BEITWA = 1,000 –

5

Acetonitrile75-05-8C2H3N41.05

13 – 1,161 etherishTWA = 20

SkinTWA = 40 –

6

Acetophenone98-86-2C8H8O120.15

0.00024 – 0.59sweet, almond,

pungent, oranges, river water

TWA = 10 – TWA = 10

7

Acetylene74-86-2C2H2

26.02

226 – 2584 gassy, garlicSimple

Asphyxiant– –

8

Acrolein107-02-8C3H4O56.06

0.0036 – 1.8 pungentC = 0.1

SkinTWA = 0.1 –

9

Acrylic Acid79-10-7C3H4O2

72.06

0.092 – 1.0rancid, plastic,

sweetTWA = 2

Skin– –

10

Acrylonitrile107-13-1C3H3N53.06

1.6 – 22 onion, garlicTWA = 2

SkinTWA = 2

Skin–

11

Allyl Alcohol107-18-6C3H6O58.08

0.51 – 35 mustardTWA = 0.5

SkinTWA = 2

Skin–

12

Allyl Chloride107-05-1C3H5CI76.53

0.48 – 5.9 pungentTWA = 1STEL = 2

SkinTWA = 1 –

13

Allyl Isothiocyanate57-06-7C4H5NS99.15

0.0091 – 1.97 irritating – –STEL = 1

SkinDSEN

23


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

14

Ammonia7664-41-7NH3

17.03

0.043 – 60.3 pungent, irritatingTWA = 25STEL = 35

TWA = 50 –

15

n-Amyl Acetate628-63-7C7H14O2

130.18

0.007 – 43 banana, etherousTWA = 50

STEL = 100TWA = 100 –

16

Aniline62-53-3C6H7N93.12

0.012 – 10pungent, oily,empyreumatic

TWA = 2SkinBEI

TWA = 5Skin

–

17

Arsine7784-42-1AsH3

77.93

<1.0 garlic TWA = 0.005 TWA = 0.05 –

18

Benzaldehyde100-52-7C7H6O106.12

0.0015 – 783bitter almond, fruit,

vanilla– –

TWA = 2DSEN

19

Benzene71-43-2C6H6

78.11

0.47 – 313aromatic,

sweet, solvent, empyreumatic

TWA = 0.5STEL = 2.5

Skin, BEITWA = 1 –

20

Benzoyl Chloride98-88-4C7H5ClO140.56

0.0021 – 0.0063 pungent C = 0.5 –C = 5

Skin, DSEN

21

Benzyl Acetate140-11-4C9H10O2

150.17

0.00016 – 22pears, plastic,

etherous, aniseTWA = 10 – –

22

Benzyl Chloride100-44-7C7H7CI126.58

0.041 – 0.046 pungent TWA = 1 TWA = 1 –

23

Biphenyl 92-52-4C12H10

154.2

0.00052 – 0.0095 pleasant, butter-like TWA = 0.2 TWA = 0.2 –

24

Boron Trifluoride7637-07-2BF3

67.82

1.5 pungent C = 1 C = 1 –

25

Bromine7726-95-6Br2

159.83

<0.0099 – 0.99alliaceous, sharp,

irritatingTWA = 0.1STEL = 0.2

TWA = 0.1 –

26

Bromoform75-25-2CHBr3

252.77

0.19 – 15chloroform, sweet,

suffocatingTWA = 0.5

TWA = 0.5Skin

–

Table 6.1 – Odor Threshold Values, cont.

24


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

27

1,3-Butadiene106-99-0C4H6

54.09

0.099 – 76 aromatic, rubber TWA = 2TWA = 1STEL = 5

–

28

Butane, all isomers106-97-8, 75-28-5C4H10

58.12

0.421 – 5,048 natural gas STEL = 1,000 – –

29

Butenes, all isomers106-98-9, 107-01-7, 590-18-1624-64-6, 25167-67-3, 115-11-7C4H8

56.11

0.362 – 2,126 petroleum TWA = 250 – –

30

2-Butoxyethanol111-76-2C6H14O2

118.17

0.08 – 0.35 sweet, ester, mustyTWA = 20

BEITWA = 50

Skin–

31

2-Butoxyethyl Acetate112-07-2C8H16O3

160.21

0.107 – 0.99 fruity TWA = 20 – –

32

n-Butyl Acetate123-86-4C6H12O2

116.16

0.00013 – 368 sweet, bananaTWA = 150STEL = 200

TWA = 150 –

33

sec-Butyl Acetate105-46-4C6H12O2

116.16

0.0025 – 4.76 fruity TWA = 200 TWA = 200 –

34

tert-Butyl Acetate540-88-5C6H12O2

116.16

0.008 – 1.31 mild TWA = 200 TWA = 200 –

35

n-Butyl Acrylate141-32-2C7H12O2

128.17

0.00029 – 0.101 sweet, rancid, plasticTWA = 2

SEN– –

36

n-Butyl Alcohol71-36-3C4H10O74.12

0.0033 – 990sweet, malty,

alcohol, medicinalTWA = 20 TWA = 100 –

37

sec-Butyl Alcohol78-92-2C4H10O74.12

0.043 – 94 sweet, malty alcohol TWA = 100 TWA = 150 –

38

tert-Butyl Alcohol 75-65-0C4H10O74.12

3.3 – 957 sweet alcohol TWA = 100 TWA = 100 –


25


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

39

n-Butylamine109-73-9C4H11N73.14

0.08 – 13.9 sour ammonicalC = 5Skin

C = 5Skin

–

40

n-Butyl Lactate138-22-7C7H14O3

146.21

0.0000000049 mild TWA = 5 – –

41

Butyl Mercaptan109-79-5C4H10S90.19

0.0000027 – 4.9 skunk TWA = 0.5 TWA = 10 –

42

p-tert-Butyl Toluene98-51-1C11H16

148.24

<5.031 gasoline TWA = 1 TWA = 10 –

43

Butyraldehyde123-72-8C4H8O72.11

0.0003 – 5.09 pungent – – TWA = 25

44

Camphor, synthetic76-22-2C10H16O152.23

0.0026 - 7.2 camphorousTWA = 2STEL = 3

TWA = 0.321 –

45

Caprolactam105-60-2C6H11NO113.16

0.065 mildTWA 1.08

IFV– –

46

Carbon Dioxide124-38-9CO2

44.01

39,000 – 600,136 –TWA = 5000

STEL = 30000TWA = 5000 –

47

Carbon Disulfide75-15-0CS2

76.14

0.016 – 32vegetable, sulfide,

medicinal

TWA = 1SkinBEI

TWA = 20C = 30

–

48

Carbon Tetrachloride56-23-5CCl4

153.84

1.68 – 720sweet, ethereal, dry

cleaner, aromatic

TWA = 5STEL = 10

Skin

TWA = 10C = 25

–

49

Carbonyl Sulfide463-58-1COS60.08

0.057 – 0.102 unpleasant TWA = 5 – –

50

Chlorine7782-50-5Cl2

70.91

0.021 – 4.9suffocating, sharp,

bleachTWA = 0.5STEL = 1

C = 1 –

51

Chlorine Dioxide10049-04-4CIO2

67.46

15 chlorineTWA = 0.1STEL = 0.3

TWA = 0.1 –


26


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

52

2-Chloroacetophenone532-27-4C8H7ClO154.59

0.016 - 0.111 fruity TWA = 0.05 TWA = 0.05 –

53

Chlorobenzene108-90-7C6H5CI112.56

0.087 - 13almond-like, shoe

polishTWA = 10

BEITWA = 75 –

54

Chlorodifluoromethane75-45-6CHClF2

86.47

200,192 ethereal TWA = 1,000 – –

55

Chloroform67-66-3CHCl3

119.38

0.102 – 1,413sweet, etherous,

suffocatingTWA = 10 C = 50 –

56

Chloropicrin76-06-2CCl3NO2

164.38

1.09 chlorine TWA = 0.1 TWA = 0.1 –

57

b-Chloroprene126-99-8C4H5CI88.54

0.11 – 276 rubberTWA = 10

SkinTWA = 25

Skin–

58

Chlorotoluene, o-isomer95-49-8C7H7CI126.58

0.18 – 0.270 aromatic TWA = 50 – –

59

Citral5392-40-5C10H16O152.23

0.000024 – 0.032lemon, flowery,

citrous

TWA = 5IFV, Skin

SEN– –

60

Cresol, all isomers1319-77-3, 95-48-7108-39-4, 106-44-5C7H8O108.13

0.00005 – 0.0090

creosote, phenol, irritating, smoky, empyreumatic,

burnt plastic

TWA = 4.5IFV, Skin

TWA = 5Skin

–

61

Crotonaldehyde4170-30-3, 123-73-9C4H6O70.09

0.02 – 0.59 pungentC = 0.3

SkinTWA = 2 –

62

Cumene98-82-8C9H12

120.19

0.008 – 1.3 sharp TWA = 50TWA = 50

Skin–

63

Cumene Hydroperoxide80-15-9C9H12O2

152.19

0.0048 sharp, irritating – –TWA = 1

Skin

64

Cyanogen460-19-5CN26.02

>500 almonds TWA = 10 – –


27


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

65

Cyanogen Chloride506-77-4CClN61.47

0.994 acid C = 0.3 – –

66

Cyclohexane110-82-7C6H12

84.16

0.52 – 784 pungent TWA = 100 TWA = 300 –

67

Cyclohexanol108-93-0C6H12O100.16

0.058 – 0.491 camphorousTWA = 50

SkinTWA = 50 –

68

Cyclohexanone108-94-1C6H10O98.14

0.052 – 219 sweet, sharpTWA = 20

SkinTWA = 50 –

69

Cyclohexene110-83-8C6H10

82.14

0.18 sweet TWA = 300 TWA = 300 –

70

Cyclohexylamine108-91-8C6H13N99.17

2.42 ammonia TWA = 10 – –

71

Cyclopentadiene542-92-7C5H6

66.1

1.8terpene-like,

pine, fruitTWA = 75 TWA = 75 –

72

Decaborane17702-41-9B10H14

122.31

0.06 pungentTWA = 0.05STEL = 0.15

Skin

TWA = 0.05Skin

–

73

1-Decene872-05-9C10H20

140.27

6.45 pleasant – – TWA = 100

74

Diacetone Alcohol123-42-2C6H12O2

116.16

0.27 – 13 sweet TWA = 50 TWA = 50 –

75

Diacetyl431-03-8C4H6O2

86.09

0.000002 – 2.9 pleasant, butteryTWA = 0.01STEL = 0.02

– –

76

Diallylamine124-02-7C6H11N97.16

2 disagreeable – –TWA = 1

Skin

77

Diborane19287-45-7H6B2

27.69

1.8 – 3.5 repulsive TWA = 0.1 TWA = 0.1 –


28


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

78

2,3-Dibromo-1-Chloropropane96-12-8C3H5BrCl236.33

0.01 – 0.031 irritating – TWA = 0.001 –

79

Dibutylamine111-92-2C8H19N129.24

0.079 – 0.770 amine – –C = 5Skin

80

Dibutyl Phthalate84-74-2C16H22O4

278.34

0.023 – TWA = 0.44 TWA = 0.44 –

81

Dichloroacetic Acid79-43-6C2H2Cl2O2128.94

0.044 –TWA = 0.5

Skin– –

82

Dichlorobenzene, o- isomer95-50-1C6H4Cl2

147.01

0.02 – 50 camphorTWA = 25 STEL = 50

C = 50 –

83

Dichlorobenzene, p-isomer106-46-7C6H4Cl2

147.01

0.121 – 15 camphor, mothballs TWA = 10 TWA = 75 –

84

Dichlorodifluoromethane75-71-8CCl2F2

120.91

199,790 ethereal TWA = 1,000 TWA = 1,000 –

85

1,1-Dichloroethane75-34-3C2H4CI2

98.97

49 – 1,359 chloroform, aromatic TWA = 100 TWA = 100 –

86

1,2-Dichloroethylene, all isomers156-60-5, 156-59-2, 540-59-0C2H2Cl2

96.94

277 pleasant TWA = 200 TWA = 200 –

87

2,4-Dichlorophenol120-83-2C6H4Cl2O163

0.000041medicinal, phenolic,

leather-like, fish sauce

– –TWA = 1Skin, Q

88

1,3-Dichloropropene542-75-6C3H2Cl2

110.97

<0.99 sweet, pungentTWA = 1

Skin– –

89

Dicyclopentadiene77-73-6C10H12

132.21

0.00019 – 0.02 sweet, sharp TWA = 5 – –


29


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

90

Diethanolamine111-42-2C4H11NO2

105.14

0.279ammonia, amine,

rotten fish

TWA = 0.2IFV

Skin– –

91

Diethylamine109-89-7C4H11N73.14

0.0033 – 14.3 musty, fishy, amineTWA = 5

STEL = 15TWA = 25 –

92

2-Diethylaminoethanol100-37-8C6H15ON117.19

0.01 – 0.25amine, sharp, ammoniacal

TWA = 2Skin

TWA = 10Skin

–

93

Diethylbenzenes, mixed isomers 25340-17-4, 135-01-3105-05-5, 141-93-5C10H14

134.22

0.00038 – 0.071 – – – TWA = 5

94

Diethyl Ketone96-22-0C5H10O86.13

0.85 – 14acetone, fingernail

polish removerTWA = 200STEL = 300

– –

95

Diethyl Phthalate84-66-2C12H14O4

222.24

0.036 – 0.363 – TWA = 0.55 – –

96

Diisobutyl Ketone108-83-8C9H18O142.24

<0.103 – 1.6 peppermint TWA = 25 TWA = 50 –

97

Diisopropylamine108-18-9C6H15N101.19

0.014 – 4.2 amine, fishyTWA = 5

SkinTWA = 5

Skin–

98

N,N-Dimethylacetamide127-19-5C4H9NO87.12

48 faint, ammoniaTWA = 10

SkinBEI

TWA = 10Skin

–

99

Dimethylamine124-40-3C2H7N45.08

0.00076 – 4.2ammoniacal,

rotten fishTWA = 5

STEL = 15TWA = 10 TWA = 1

100

Dimethylaniline121-69-7C8H11N121.18

0.001 – 0.2 oily

TWA = 5STEL = 10

SkinBEI

TWA = 5Skin

–

101

Dimethyl Disulfide624-92-0C2H6S2

94.2

0.00029 – 1.45garlic, putrid,

asparagusTWA = 0.5

Skin– –

102

Dimethyl Ether 115-10-6C2H6O46.07

161 – 228 ethereal – – TWA = 1,000


30


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

103

Dimethyl Formamide68-12-2C3H7ON73.09

0.047 – 100 fishy TWA = 10

SkinBEI

TWA = 10Skin

–

104

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine57-14-7C2H8N2

60.1

<0.31 – 14 fishyTWA = 0.01

SkinTWA = 0.5

Skin–

105

Dimethyl Sulfide75-18-3C2H6S62.13

0.00012 – 8.11disagreeable,

asparagus, putridTWA = 10 – –

106

4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol534-52-1C7H6N2O5

198.13

0.00049 - 0.00259 –TWA = 0.025

SkinTWA = 0.025

Skin–

107

1,4-Dioxane123-91-1C4H8O2

88.1

0.8 – 2609 sweet, alcoholTWA = 20

SkinTWA = 100

Skin–

108

1,3-Dioxolane646-06-0C3H6O2

74.08

16.8 – 63.4 – TWA = 20 – –

109

Diphenylamine122-39-4C12H13N169.22

0.022 – 0.188 floral TWA = 1.44 – –

110

Dodecyl Mercaptan112-55-0C12H26S202.4

0.00000011 – 0.000097

skunkTWA = 0.1

SEN– –

111

Epichlorohydrin106-89-8C3H5CIO92.53

0.08 – 12 chloroform TWA = 0.5

SkinTWA = 5

Skin–

112

Ethane74-84-0C2H6

30.07

20,328 – 730,973 – TWA = 1000 – –

113

Ethanolamine141-43-5C2H7NO61.08

2.6 – 24 ammoniaTWA = 3STEL = 6

TWA = 3 –

114

2-Ethoxyethanol110-80-5C4H10O2

90.12

0.3 – 49 sweet, mustyTWA = 5

SkinBEI

TWA = 200Skin

–

115

2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol111-90-0C6H14O3

134.17

<0.219 – 1.09 mild, pleasant – – TWA = 25


31


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

116

2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate111-15-9C6H12O3

132.16

0.048 – 0.13 sweet, esterTWA = 5

SkinBEI

TWA = 100Skin

–

117

Ethyl Acetate141-78-6C4H8O2

88.1

0.09 – 190 fruity, sweet,

fingernail polish, etherous

TWA = 400 TWA = 400 –

118

Ethyl Acrylate140-88-5C5H8O2

100.11

0.0000066 – 0.0032sweet, ester, plastic,

alcohol, sharp, ammoniacal

TWA = 5STEL = 15

TWA = 25Skin

–

119

Ethyl Alcohol64-17-5C2H6O46.07

0.09 – 40334 vinous, alcohol STEL = 1000 TWA = 1000 –

120

Ethylamine75-04-7C2H7N45.08

0.027 – 3.5 ammoniaTWA = 5

STEL = 15Skin

TWA = 10 –

121

Ethyl Amyl Ketone541-85-5C8H16O128.21

5.9 solvent, sharp TWA = 10 TWA = 25 –

122

Ethyl Benzene100-41-4C8H10

106.16

<0.002 – 18 oily, solventTWA = 20

STEL = 125BEI

TWA = 100 –

123

Ethyl Bromide74-96-4C2H5Br108.97

2.7 – 3.6 etherealTWA = 5

SkinTWA = 200 –

124

Ethyl Chloride75-00-3C2H5Cl64.51

3.8 – 379 pungentTWA = 100

SkinTWA = 1000 –

125

Ethylene74-85-1C2H4

28.05

17 – 1029 grassy TWA = 200 – –

126

Ethylene Chlorohydrin107-07-3C2H5ClO80.51

0.36 etherealC = 1Skin

TWA = 5Skin

–

127

Ethylenediamine107-15-3C2H8N2

60.1

1.3 – 4.5 ammoniaTWA = 10

SkinTWA = 10 –

128

Ethylene Dibromide106-93-4C2H4Br2

187.86

<10 sweet SkinTWA = 20

C = 30–


32


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

129

Ethylene Dichloride107-06-2C2H4Cl2

98.96

4.3 – 988 sweet TWA = 10 TWA = 50

C = 100–

130

Ethylene Glycol107-21-1C2H6O2

62.07

5.12 –C = 39

H– –

131

Ethyleneimine151-56-4C2H5N43.07

0.71 – 2 ammonia TWA = 0.05STEL = 0.1

Skin

1910.1003carcinogen

–

132

Ethylene Oxide75-21-8C2H4O44.65

0.82 – 690 sweet, olefinic TWA = 1TWA = 1STEL = 5

–

133

Ethyl Ether60-29-7C4H10O74.12

0.165 – 1,924 anesthetic, etherousTWA = 400STEL = 500

TWA = 400 –

134

Ethyl Formate109-94-4C3H6O2

74.08

2.7 – 30 aromatic STEL = 100 TWA = 100 –

135

Ethylidene Norbornene16219-75-3C9H12

120.19

0.007 – 0.08 turpentine C = 5 – –

136

Ethyl Mercaptan75-08-1C2H6S62.13

0.0000087 – 18 rotten cabbage TWA = 0.5 C = 10 –

137

N-Ethylmorpholine100-74-3C6H13NO115.18

0.085 – 0.25 ammonia TWA = 5

SkinTWA = 20

Skin–

138

Ethyl Silicate78-10-4C8H20SiO4

208.3

3.6 – 85 sweet, alcohol TWA = 10 TWA = 100 –

139

Fluorine7782-41-4F2

37.997

0.097 – 0.19 pungent TWA = 1STEL = 2

TWA = 0.1 –

140

Formaldehyde50-00-0CH2O30.03

0.027 – 9,770 pungent C = 0.3

SENTWA = 0.75

STEL = 2–

141

Formic Acid64-18-6CH2O2

46.02

0.52 – 340 sharp TWA = 5

STEL = 10TWA = 5 –


33


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

142

Furan110-00-9C4H4O68.07

10.06 strong – – (W)

143

Furfural98-01-1C5H4O2

96.08

0.002 – 0.713 bread, almondTWA = 2

SkinBEI

TWA = 5Skin

–

144

Furfuryl Alcohol98-00-0C5H6O2

98.1

8 sweet, ether, alcoholTWA = 10STEL = 15

SkinTWA = 50 –

145

Glutaraldehyde111-30-8C5H8O2

100.12

0.00037 – 0.039 –C = 0.05

SEN– –

146

Halothane151-67-7C2HBrClF3

197.4

33 chloroform TWA = 50 – –

147

Heptane, all isomers142-82-5, 590-35-2, 565-59-3108-08-7, 591-76-4, 589-34-4C7H16

100.2

0.41 – 732 gasoline TWA = 400STEL = 500

TWA = 500 –

148

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene77-47-4C5Cl6

272.77

0.15 pungent TWA = 0.01 – –

149

1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate822-06-0C8H12N2O2

168.19

0.005 – 0.01 – TWA = 0.005 – –

150

n-Hexane110-54-3C6H14

86.17

1.50 – 248 gasoline TWA = 50

SkinBEI

TWA = 500 –

151

Hexane, isomers except n-hexane107-83-5, 96-14-0, 75-83-2, 79-29-8C6H14

86.17

0.426 – 20 gasoline TWA = 500

STEL = 1,000– –

152

1,6-Hexanediamine124-09-4C6H16N2

116.2

0.00067 – TWA = 0.5 – TWA = 1

153

1-Hexene592-41-6C6H12

84.16

0.139 petroleum TWA = 50 – –


34


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

154

sec-Hexyl Acetate108-84-9C8H16O2

144.21

<0.068 – 0.39 banana, pear, fruity TWA = 50 TWA = 50 –

155

n-Hexyl Alcohol111-27-3C6H14O102.18

0.0024 – 16 green grass, plastic – –TWA = 40

Eye irritation

156

Hexylene glycol107-41-5C6H14O2

118.18

3.93 mild, sweet C = 25 – –

157

Hydrazine302-01-2N2H4

32.05

3.0 – 4.0 ammoniaTWA = 0.01

SkinTWA = 1

Skin–

158

Hydrogen Chloride7647-01-0HCI36.47

0.06 – 10 sharp, irritating C = 2 C = 5 –

159

Hydrogen Cyanide74-90-8CHN27.03

0.009 – 5.43 almonds C = 4.7

SkinTWA = 10

Skin–

160

Hydrogen Fluoride7664-39-3HF20.01

0.04highly corrosive,

irritating

TWA = 0.5C = 2

Skin, BEITWA = 3 –

161

Hydrogen Selenide7783-07-5H2Se80.98

<0.3 garlic TWA = 0.05 TWA = 0.05 –

162

Hydrogen Sulfide7783-06-4H2S34.08

0.00004 – 1.4 rotten eggs TWA = 1STEL = 5

C = 20 –

163

Indene95-13-6C9H8

116.15

0.0027 – 0.0042 – TWA = 5 – –

164

Iodine7553-56-2I2

253.81

0.973 sharp, alliaceousTWA = 0.01STEL = 0.1

IFVC = 0.1 –

165

Iodoform75-47-8CHI3

393.78

0.000019 – 1.12 chemical, etherish TWA = 0.6 – –

166

Isoamyl Acetate123-92-2C7H14O2

130.18

0.00075 – 366 banana, freshTWA = 50

STEL = 100TWA = 100 –


35


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

167

Isoamyl Alcohol123-51-3C5H12O88.15bitter

0.00169 – 1.75sweet, malty, rancid,

rubber,TWA = 100STEL = 125

TWA = 100 –

168

Isobutyl Acetate110-19-0C6H12O2

116.16

0.008 – 129sweet, ester,

medicinalTWA = 150 TWA = 150 –

169

Isobutyl Alcohol78-83-1C4H10O74.12

0.01 – 165 sweet, fusel, musty,

alcohol, rubber, latexTWA = 50 TWA = 100 –

170

Isobutyraldehyde78-84-2C4H8O72.11

0.00034 – 0.139 pungent – – TWA = 25

171

Isooctyl Alcohol26952-21-6, 60435-70-3C8H18O130.23

0.0092 – 0.049 faint, pleasantTWA = 50

Skin– –

172

Isophorone78-59-1C9H14O138.2

0.0003 – 0.19 sharp C = 5 TWA = 25 –

173

Isoprene78-79-5C5H8

68.12

0.047 – 3.59 aromatic – – TWA = 2

174

Isopropyl Acetate108-21-4C5H10O2

102.13

0.160 – 41 fruity TWA = 100STEL = 200

TWA = 250 –

175

Isopropyl Alcohol67-63-0C3H8O60.09

1.0 – 2,197sharp, rubbing

alcoholTWA = 100 TWA = 200 –

176

Isopropylamine75-31-0C3H9N59.08

0.025 – 0.70 ammoniacal, amineTWA = 5

STEL = 10TWA = 5 –

177

Isopropyl Ether108-20-3C6H14O102.17

0.017 – 0.053 sweet TWA = 250STEL = 310

TWA = 500 –

178

d-Limonene138-86-3C10H16

136.23

0.0018 – 0.31lemon, plastic, citrus,

rubber, terpeny– – TWA = 30

179

Maleic Anhydride108-31-6C4H2O3

98.06

0.25 – 0.32 acrid TWA = 0.0025

IFV, SENTWA = 0.25 –


36


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

180

Mercaptoethanol60-24-2C2H6OS78.13

0.075 – – –TWA = 0.2

Skin

181

Mesityl Oxide141-79-7C6H10O98.14

0.017 – 12 sweet TWA = 15STEL = 25

TWA = 25 –

182

Methacrylic acid79-41-4C4H6O2

86.09

0.54 – 2.84 pungent TWA = 20 – –

183

Methacrylonitrile126-98-7C4H5N67.09

2.95 – 6.9 –TWA = 1

Skin– –

184

Methane74-82-8CH4

16.04

2,896,197 – TWA = 1,000 – –

185

2·Methoxyethanol109-86-4C3H8O2

76.09alcohol

<0.096 – 90 sweet, TWA = 0.1

SkinBEI

TWA = 25 –

186 110-49-6C5H10O3

118.13

0.33 – 0.64 sweet, esterTWA = 0.1

SkinBEI

TWA = 25 –

187

1-Methyoxy-2-Propanol107-98-2C4H10O2

90.12

8.39 – 33 etherish, ammoniaTWA = 100STEL = 150

– –

188

1-Methoxy-2-Propanol Acetate108-65-6C6H12O3

132.16

0.0029 – 0.13 – – – TWA = 50

189

Methyl Acetate79-20-9C3H6O2

74.08

0.17 – 2,848 fruity TWA = 200STEL = 250

TWA = 200 –

190

Methyl Acrylate96-33-3C4H6O2

86.09

0.003 – 0.025plastic, sharp, airplane glue

TWA = 2SkinSEN

TWA = 10Skin

–

191

Methyl Alcohol67-56-1CH4O32.04

3.05 – 198,686 sour, sweet, alcohol

TWA = 200STEL = 250

SkinBEI

TWA = 200 –

192

Methylamine74-89-5CH5N31.06

0.00075 - 4.8 fishy TWA = 5STEL = 15

TWA = 10 -


37


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

193

Methyl n-amyl Ketone110-43-0C7H14O114.18

0.00075 – 0.71 sweet, mushroom TWA = 50 TWA = 100 –

194

N-Methyl Aniline100-61-8C7H9N107.15

1.6 – 2.0 –TWA = 0.5

SkinBEI

TWA = 2Skin

–

195

2-Methyl Butyl Acetate624-41-9C7H14O2

130.18

0.026 – 0.039 –TWA = 50

STEL = 100– –

196

Methyl tert-Butyl Ether1634-04-4C5H12O88.15

0.03 – 0.17 anesthetic TWA = 50 – –

197

Methyl n-Butyl Ketone591-78-6C6H12O100.16

0.024 – 1.15 sweet, paint

TWA = 5STEL = 10

SkinBEI

TWA = 100 –

198

Methyl Chloride74-87-3CH3Cl50.49

>10 sweet, etherishTWA = 50

STEL = 100TWA = 100

Skin–

199

Methyl Chloroform71-55-6C2H3Cl3

133.42

0.97 – 715 sweet, etherishTWA = 350STEL = 450

BEITWA = 350 –

200

Methyl 2-Cyanoacrylate137-05-3C5H5NO2

111.1

0.99 – 2.97 – TWA = 0.2 – –

201

Methylcyclohexane108-87-2C7H14

98.19

0.149 petroleum TWA = 400 TWA = 500 –

202

2-Methylcyclohexanone583-60-8C7H12O112.17

0.181 acetoneTWA = 50STEL = 75

Skin

TWA = 100Skin

–

203

Methylene Bisphenyl Isocyanate101-68-8C15H10O2N2

250

0.39 – TWA = 0.005 C = 0.02 –

204

Methylene Chloride75-09-2CH2CI2

84.94

1.2 – 440 sweet TWA = 50

BEITWA = 25 –

205

Methyl Ethyl Ketone78-93-3C4H8O72.1

0.07 – 339 sweet, sharpTWA = 200STEL = 300

BEITWA = 200 –


38


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

206

Methyl Formate107-31-3C2H4O2

60.06

67 – 2,809 ethereal TWA = 100 STEL = 150

TWA = 100 –

207

Methyl Hydrazine60-34-4CH6N2

46.07

1 – 3 ammoniaTWA = 0.01

SkinC = 0.2

Skin–

208

Methyl Isoamyl Ketone110-12-3C7H11O114.2

0.0021 – 0.135 sweet, sharp TWA = 50 TWA = 100 –

209

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone108-101C6H12O100.16

0.03 – 16 sweet, sharpTWA = 20STEL = 75

BEITWA = 100 –

210

Methyl Isocyanate624-83-9C2H3NO57.05

2.14 –TWA = 0.02

SkinTWA = 0.02

Skin–

211

Methyl Isopropyl Ketone563-80-4C5H10O86.14

0.51 – 4.8 sweet, sharp TWA = 20 – –

212

Methyl Mercaptan74-93-1CH4S48.11

0.00000000000051 – 0.56

rotten cabbage, garlic

TWA = 0.5 C = 10 –

213

Methyl Methacrylate80-62-6C5H8O2

100.13

0.014 – 0.66 plastic, sharpTWA = 50

STEL = 100SEN

TWA = 100 –

214

2-Methylnaphthalene91-57-6C11H10

142.2

0.00069 –TWA = 0.5

Skin– –

215

Methyl Parathion298-00-0C8H10NO5PS263.23

0.0012 pungent TWA = 0.002

IFVSkin

– –

216

4-Methyl-2-Propanol108-11-2C6H14O102.17

0.335 – 0.526 –TWA = 25STEL = 40

Skin

TWA = 25Skin

–

217

Methyl Propyl Ketone107-87-9C5H10O86.17

0.028 – 65 fingernail polish STEL = 150 TWA = 200 –

218

n-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone872-50-4C5H9NO99.13

4.2 – 10 amine – –TWA = 10

Skin


39


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

219

Methyl Styrene98-83-9C9H10

118.18

0.02 – 49.7 – TWA = 10 C= 100 –

220

Methyl Vinyl Ketone78-94-4C4H6O70.09

0.174 pungentC = 0.2

SkinSEN

– –

221

Monochloroacetic Acid79-11-8C2H3ClO2

94.5

0.013 – 0.155 –TWA = 0.5

IFVSkin

–TWA = 0.5

Skin

222

Morpholine110-91-8C4H9NO87.12

0.011 – 0.070 fishy, amine TWA = 20

SkinTWA = 20

Skin–

223

Naphthalene91-20-3C10H8

128.16

0.0019 – 1.02tar, creosote, mothballs,

empyreumatic

TWA = 10STEL = 15

SkinTWA = 10 –

224

1-Naphthylamine134-32-7C10H9N143.19

0.024 – 0.050 – –1910.1003carcinogen

–

225

2-Naphthylamine91-59-8C10H9N143.19

0.24 – 0.32 – –1910.1003carcinogen

–

226

Nickel Carbonyl13463-39-3Ni(CO)4

170.73

0.5 – 3 sooty TWA = 0.05 TWA = 0.001 –

227

Nicotine54-11-5C10H14N2

162.23

0.0099 –TWA = 0.075

SkinTWA = 0.075

Skin–

228

Nitric Acid7697-37-2HNO3

63.02

0.27 suffocatingTWA = 2STEL = 4

TWA = 2 –

229

Nitrobenzene98-95-3C6H5NO2

123.11

0.0004 – 29 almonds, shoe

polish, pungent

TWA = 1SkinBEI

TWA = 1Skin

–

230

Nitrogen Dioxide10102-44-0NO2

46.01

0.058 – 0.5 bleach TWA = 0.2 C = 5 –

231

Nitromethane75-52-5CH3NO2

61.04

50 – TWA = 20 TWA = 100 –


40


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

232

1-Nitropropane108-03-2C3H7NO2

89.09

7.7 – 140 – TWA = 25 TWA = 25 –

233

2-Nitropropane79-46-9 C3H7NO2

89.09

4.94 – 288 fruity TWA = 10 TWA = 25 –

234

N-Nitrosodimethylamine62-75-9C2H6N2O74.08

0.0079 – 0.013 faint Skin, L 1910.1003carcinogen

–

235

Nonane111-84-2C9H20

128.26

2.3 – 21 gasoline TWA = 200 – –

236

Octane, all isomers111-65-9, 540-84-1, 86290-81-5C8H18

114.22

0.66 – 235 gasoline, oil TWA = 300 TWA = 500

n-Octane only–

237

1-Octanol111-87-5C8H18O130.23

0.0009 – 1.69 penetrating – – TWA = 50

238

1-Octene111-66-0C8H16

112.21

0.001 – 206 – – – TWA = 75

239

Oxygen Difluoride7783-41-7OF2

54

0.0996 strong, peculiar C = 0.05 TWA = 0.05 –

240

Ozone10028-15-6O3

48

0.0031 – 0.25pungent, thunder

stormTWA = 0.05 TWA = 0.1 –

241

Pentaborane19624-22-7B5H9

63.17

0.97 pungent TWA = 0.005STEL = 0.015

TWA = 0.005 –

242

Pentane, all isomers78-78-4, 109-66-0, 463-82-1C5H12

72.15

1.29 – 1147 sweet TWA = 600 TWA = 1,000 –

243

2,4-Pentanedione123-54-6C5H8O2

100.12

0.0098 – 0.0195 –TWA = 25

Skin– –


41


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

244

Pentanol, all isomers71-41-0,75-85-4, 75-84-3, 123-51-3,137-32-6, 584-02-1, 598-75-4,6032-29-7, 30899-19-5, 94624-12-1C5H12O88.15

0.0055 – 305 – – –TWA = 100

71-41-0 only

245

Perchloroethylene127-18-4C2Cl4

165.84

0.767 – 71 etherish TWA = 25

STEL = 100BEI

TWA = 100C = 200

–

246

Perchloryl Fluoride7616-94-6CIFO70.45

14.58 sweetTWA = 3STEL = 6

TWA = 3 –

247

Phenol108-95-2C6H5OH94.11

0.0045 – 1.95medicinal, acid,

ink, creosote, empyreumatic

TWA = 5SkinBEI

TWA = 5Skin

–

248

Phenyl Mercaptan108-98-5C6H6S110.17

0.00003 – 0.00027 putrid TWA = 0.1

Skin– –

249

Phosgene75-44-5COCl2

98.92

0.12 – 5.7 hay like TWA = 0.1 TWA = 0.1 –

250

Phosphine7803-51-2PH3

34

0.01 – 5 garlic TWA = 0.3STEL = 1

TWA = 0.3 –

251

Phthalic Anhydride85-44-9C8H4O3

148.1

0.053 choking TWA = 1

SENTWA = 2 –

252

Picolines109-06-8, 108-99-6, 108-89-4C6H7N93.13

0.0026 – 0.0236 strong, unpleasant – –TWA = 2STEL = 5

Skin

253

Piperdine110-89-4C5H11N85.15

0.14 – <2 pepper – –TWA = 1

Skin

254

Propane74-98-6C3H8

44.09

1497 – 19964 natural gas TWA = 1000 TWA = 1000 –

255

Propionaldehyde123-38-6C3H6O58.08

0.001 – 101 fruity TWA = 20 – TWA = 20


42


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

256

Propionic Acid79-09-4C3H6O2

74.08

0.00099 – 4.65 sour TWA = 10 – –

257

n-Propyl Acetate109-60-4C5H10O2

102.13

0.048 – 87 sweet, esterTWA = 200STEL = 250

TWA = 200 –

258

Propyl Alcohol71-23-8C3H8O60.09

<0.031 – 10172 sweet, alcohol TWA = 100 TWA = 200 –

259

Propylene115-07-1C3H6

42.08

10.1 – 99 gassy, aromatic TWA = 500 – –

260

Propylene Dichloride78-87-5C3H6CI2

112.99

0.26 – 8.66 sweet TWA = 10

SENTWA = 75 –

261

Propylene Glycol57-55-6C3H8O2

76.09

5.14 – – – TWA = 3.2

262

Propylene Glycol Dinitrate6423-43-4C3H6N2O6

166.09

0.236 disagreeableTWA = 0.05

SkinBEI

– –

263

Propylene Oxide75-56-9C3H6O58.08

10 – 199 sweet TWA = 2

SENTWA = 100 –

264

Pyridine110-86-1C5H5N79.1

0.01 – 12burnt, pungent,

nauseatingTWA = 1 TWA = 5 –

265

Quinoline91-22-5C9H7N129.16

0.0057 – 5.3 peculiar – –TWA = 0.001

Skin

266

Quinone106-51-4C6H4O2

108.09

0.011 – 0.10 pungent TWA = 0.1 TWA = 0.1 –

267

Styrene, monomer100-42-5C8H8

104.14

0.0028 – 61 sharp, sweetTWA = 20STEL = 40

BEI

TWA = 100C = 200

–


43


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

268

Sulfur Dioxide7446-09-5SO2

64.07

0.33 - 8 metallic STEL = 0.25 TWA = 5 -

269

Sulfur Hexafluoride2551-62-4F6S146.06

4,017,527 – TWA = 1,000 TWA = 1,000 –

270

Sulfuric Acid7664-93-9, 8014-95-7H2SO4

98.08

0.15 – TWA = 0.05 TWA = 0.25

271

1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane79-27-6C2H2Br4

345.65

<0.99 camphor, pungentTWA = 0.1

IFVTWA = 1 –

272

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane79-34-5C2H2Cl4

167.9

0.233 – 7.3 solvent TWA = 1

SkinTWA = 5

Skin–

273

Tetrahydrofuran109-99-9C4H8O72.1

0.092 – 61 ether TWA = 50

STEL = 100Skin

TWA = 200 –

274

Thiogylcolic Acid68-11-1C2H4O2S92.12

0.00021 unpleasantTWA = 1

Skin– –

275

Toluene108-88-3C7H8

92.13

0.021 – 157 sour, burntTWA = 20

BEITWA = 200

C = 300–

276

Toluene 2,4- or 2,6-Diisocyanate584-84-9, 91-08-7C9H6N2O2

174.06

0.02 – 2 –TWA = 0.005STEL = 0.02

SEN

C = 0.02 584-84-9 only

–

277

o-Toluidine95-53-4C7H9N107.15

0.025 – 6.6 aromatic, amine,

empyreumatic

TWA = 2SkinBEI

TWA = 5Skin

–

278

m-Toluidine108-44-1C7H9N107.15

0.46 – 5.9 empyreumaticTWA = 2

SkinBEI

– –

279

p-Toluidine106-49-0C7H9N107.15

0.027 – 3.2 amine,

empyreumatic

TWA = 2SkinBEI

– –


44


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

280

Trichloroacetic acid76-03-9C2HCl3O2

163.39

0.24 – 0.37 – TWA = 1 – –

281

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene120-82-1C6H3Cl3

181.46

2.96 aromatic C = 5 – –

282

Trichloroethylene79-01-6C2HCI3

131.4

0.5 – 167 ether, solventTWA = 10STEL = 25

BEI

TWA = 100C = 200

–

283

Trichlorofluoromethane75-69-4CCl3F137.37

5 – 200,057 – C = 1000 TWA = 1000 –

284

Triethanolamine102-71-6C6H15NO3

149.19

>10 mild, ammonia TWA = 0.82 – –

285

Triethylamine121-44-8C3H9N101.19

0.005 – 2.9 fishy, amineTWA = 1STEL = 3

SkinTWA = 25 –

286

Trimethylamine75-50-3C6H15N59.11

0.00002 – 1.82 fishy, pungentTWA = 5

STEL = 15– TWA = 1

287

Trimethyl Benzene, all isomers95-63-6, 108-67-8, 526-73-8,25551-13-7C9H12

120.19

0.006 – 2.4 aromatic TWA = 25 – –

288

Trimethyl Phosphite121-45-9C3H9O3P124.08

0.000099 pungent TWA = 2 – –

289

Turpentine & monoterpenes80-56-8, 127-91-3,13466-78-9, 8006-64-2C10H16

136.23

0.00006 – 19

turpentine, rosiny, pine tree, camphorous, fir

needles

TWA = 20SEN

TWA = 10080006-64-2

only–

290

n-Valeraldehyde110-62-3C5H10O86.13

0.0004 – 4.97 sickening, rancid,

decayedTWA = 50 – –


45


#



(ppm)

Odor Character

ACGIH TLV® (ppm)

OSHA PEL (ppm)

AIHAWEEL®

(ppm)

291

Vanillin121-33-5C8H8O3

152.15

0.00000016 – 0.0929

vanilla, caramel, sweet

– – TWA = 1.6

292

Vinyl Acetate108-05-4C4H6O2

86.09

0.12 – 0.4 sour, sharpTWA = 10 STEL

= 15– –

293

Vinyl Chloride75-01-4C2H3CI62.5

203 – 356 sweet TWA = 1 TWA = 1STEL = 5

–

294

Vinylidene chloride75-35-4C2H2Cl2

96.94

50 – 1387 chloroform TWA = 5 – –

295

Xylene (o-, m-, p-, isomers)1330-20-7, 95-47-6108-38-3, 106-42-3C8H10

106.16

0.012 – 316sweet,

empyreumatic

TWA = 100STEL = 150

BEITWA = 100


46


Table 6.2 – Methods Summary of Reviewed Articles

Threshold methodologies were reviewed according to the criteria discussed in Section 4.4.


Source (Last name of first author) and publication date

Panel size

Panel selection criteria (i.e., trained, screened, etc.)

Panel calibration

Vapor modality (usually air; however, in a few cases water vapor or water)

Diluent (unless specified otherwise in the paper, it was assumed to be air)

Presentation mode (type of instrument at interface)

Analytic measure

Flow rate

Threshold type

Concentration series

Trials (greater than one trial)

Forced choice

Concentration interval (less than or equal to a three-fold step size)

Abbreviations Used in Table

foreign language article

47

Odor Thresholds for Chem

icals with Established H

ealth Standards, 2nd Edition

Panel Presentation Apparatus Presentation Method

Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation

ModeAnalytic Measure

Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series

TrialsForced - Choice

Conc.Interval

Note #

Adams (1968)

114 - 789 no no air pure air odor hood yes 2-5 lpm D A + D + R yes no yes

Ahlstrom (1986a)

40 yes yes air air odor hood yes 100 lpm D A + D + R yes yes yes

Ahlstrom (1968b)

64 yes no air airmobile

olfactometer yes 100 lpm D A yes yes yes

Akhemedov (1968)

4 yes no air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Alibaev (1970)


Allison (1919)

ng ng ng air pure air glass no ≥8 lpm D ng ng no ng 1

Amdur (1953)

14 ng ng air air face mask yes ng R ng ng no yes 1

Amoore (1978)

>10 ng ng water water or

buffered waterflask no static D D ng yes yes 56

Amoore (1977)

>10 ng ng water water or

buffered waterflask no static D D ng yes yes 20, 56

Andreescheva (1964)

29 yes yes air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Andreescheva (1968)


Appell (1969)

ng ng ng water water bottle ng static MP ng ng ng yes 17

Babin (1965)

ng ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng 2

Table 6.2 – Methods Summary of Reviewed Articles

48





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Baikov (1963)

nd nd nd air nd nd nd nd MP nd nd nd nd 46

Baikov (1973)

28 nd nd air nd nd nd nd MP nd nd nd nd 46

Basmadzhieva (1968)

13 ng ng air ng ng ng 0.2-0.6 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Baydar (1993)

79 yes no air air olfactometer yes ng D + R A yes yes yes 12

Belkov (1969)


Berglund (1992)

44 yes no airnatrium

hydroxidedynamic

olfactometeryes 100 lpm D A yes yes yes 52

Berzins (1967)

18 ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng 2

Bezpalkova (1967a)

23 nd nd air nd nd nd nd MP nd nd nd yes 45

Blank (1993)

7 yes ng air nitrogenGC-

olfactometryyes 0.01 lpm D ng yes ng ng 50

Blank (1989)

ng ng ng ng ngGC-

olfactometryng ng D ng ng ng ng

Blinova (1965)

9 - 10 ng ng air ng gas mask ng ng MP ng yes ng ng 46

Bocca (1964)

3 ng ng air ng blast ng 167 lpm D D yes ng ng 20, 62

Bokowa (2012)

3 yes ng ng ngdynamic

olfactometerng ng D ng ng ng ng

Table 6.2 – Methods Summary of Reviewed Articles, cont.

49





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Boriskova(1957)


Brunekreef (1980)

4 ng ng air air ng ng ng ng ng ng yes ng 59

Buettner (2001a)

10 yes yes air water bottle ng static D ng yes ng ng

Buettner (2001b)

ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng D ng ng ng ng

Bushtueva (1962)

ng yes ng air Clean air cylinder ng ng ng ng ng no ng 1

Buttery (1969)

>10 ng ng water water bottles no static D + R D ng yes yes 20, 56

Cain (1987)

57, 72 yes yes air propane, argonolfactometer,

bottlesyes

static, 180 lpm, 85 lpm

D + R A yes yes yes 51

Cain (2005)

33 yes ng air silicon oil, water glass vessel yesstatic, 3

lpmD, S, I (eye) A yes yes yes 49

Cain (2007a)

10 yes ng air air VDD8 yes 40 lpm D yes yes yes yes

Cain (2008)

48 yes ng airmineral oil,

watersqueeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes

Cain (2009)

29, 26 yes no air nitrogen, air VDD8 yes78 lpm, 10 lpm

D + I (eye) A yes yes yes 49

Cain (1969)

12 ng ng vapor Diethylphthalate test tubes no static R A + D yes no yes 19

Cain (1977)

2 ng no air water glass vessel yes static D A + D yes yes ng 25


50





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Cain (2007b)

50 yes ng air air VDD8 yes 40 lpm D yes yes yes yes

Cain (2010)

70, 17 yes yes air nitrogen VDD8 yes 1 lpmD + eye irritation

ng ng ng ng 49

Cancho (2001)

5 - 6 yes ng airmethanolor MTBE

Flavor Profile or GC-O

yes ng D ng ng ng ng 55

Catana (2012)

248 no no ng ng sniffin sticks ng ng R ng ng ng ng

Cederlof (1966)

30 ng ng air air hood ng 100 lpm D A ng yes yes

Cerny (1994)

3 yes ng ng ngGC-

olfactometeryng ng D ng ng ng ng

Chao-Chen-Tzi (1959)


Cheesman (1959)

10-20 ng ng air air tube no yes D V 5 no yes 29, 57

Clausen (1955)

ng ng ng air pure air tube ng stream D D ng yes ng 1, 20

Cometto-Muniz (1990)

7 yes ng air mineral oil squeeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes


4 yes no air mineral oil squeeze bottles yes static D, I A yes yes yes


8 yes ng airwater,

mineral oilsqueeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes 49




51





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #


34 yes yes air air VDD8 yes 40 lpm D A yes yes yes 44



Cometto-Muniz (2009a)


Cometto-Muniz (2009b)









4 yes yes air mineral oil squeeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes 49


varied yes ng air ng glass bottles yes static D A yes yes yes


10 yes ng ? mineral oil bottle yes static D, S, I (eye) yes yes yes yes


varied yes ng air mineral oil glass bottles yes static D A yes yes yes


4, 14 yes yes air mineral oil squeeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes 49

Corbit (1971)

3 yes no air air nose port no 2 lpm D A 5 yes yes 37


52





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Cormack (1974)

4-6 yes ng air air Room yes static D ng ng no yes

Crawford (1984)

4 ng ng ng ngTriangle

Olfactometerng ng D A yes yes ng

Czerny (2008)

ng ng ng ng water ng ng ng D ng ng ng ng

Czerny (2011)

13 yes no air waterGC-

olfactometryyes ng D D yes no no

Dalton (1997b)

90 yes no airpropylene glycol,

mineral oilsqueeze bottles yes static D + I A yes yes yes

Dalton (2000)

40 yes yes air air bottle yes static D, I U-D yes yes yes

Dalton (2007)

15 yes yes air air VDD8 yes 40 lpm D A & D no yes yes 47

Davis (1973)

3 ng ng air Clean air funnel ng 20 lpm D D ng no yes 37

Dixon (1977)

II yes ng air Oxygen tube yes 7-8 lpm D U-D ng yes yes 38

Dobrinskii (1964)

ng ng ng air ng ng yes ng MP ng ng ng ng 46

Doty (1984)

1955 ng ng ng ng ng ng ng D ng ng ng ng 51

Doty (1988)

36 yes ng air Clean air bottles yes static D A + D ng yes yes

Dravnieks (1971)

5-7 ng ng air ng ng yes ng D ng ng ng ng


53





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Dravnieks (1972)

nd nd nd water nd nd nd static D nd nd nd nd

Dravnieks (1968)

ng ng ng air ng ng yes ng ng ng ng ng ng

Dravnieks (1973)

9 Yes ng Air Pure air glass port No 0.6 Lpm D A ng Yes Yes

Dravnieks (1974)

9 ng ng Air Pure air glass port No 0.15 Lpm D A ng Yes Yes

Duan-Fen-Djuy (1959)


Dubrovskaya (1961)

12 ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng yes ng yes 46

Dubrovskaya (1973)

18 yes ng air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Dubrovskaya (1957)

12 ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng yes ng yes 36

Dubrovskaya (1969)


Dumas (1974)

ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng

Eglite (1968)


Elfimova (1967

18 ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng ng yes ng ng 2

Feddes (2001)

24 yes yes air air olfactometer IndirectlyUp to 20

lpmD A yes yes ng 8


54





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Feldman (1960)


Feldman (1971)

15 yes ng air ng ng yes ng MP ng ng ng yes 46

Feldman (1967)


Ferreira (1998)

4 yes ng air heliumGC-

olfactometryyes 4 ml/min D ng ng ng ng 33

Filatova (1962)


Fischer (2008)

2 no yes air Dichloromethane nasal cone yes ng D D no no ng 13

Flemming (1977)

18 - 20 yes ng air Compressed air tube yes 10 lpm R A no no yes

Fluck (1976)

10 ng ng air Room air test room yes static R R ng no yes 4

Fomin (1966)

18 ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng

Gijs (2000)

3 yes ng air airGC-

olfactometeryyes 20 ml/min D yes no no no

Glindemann (2006)

4 yes ng air ngdilution

olfactometeryes ng D D ng ng ng

Gofmekler (1967)

nd nd nd air nd nd nd nd MP nd nd nd nd

Gofmekler (1960)



55





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Gorlova (1970)

24 ng ng air ng ng yes ng MP ng yes ng ng

Greenman (2004)

7 yes yes air several bottles no 0.2 lpm D ng yes ng yes 14

Grigorieva (1964)


Gundlach (1939)

16-60 ng ng air pure air nose piece no 0.041-0.35

lpmD ng ng yes yes 24

Gusev (1965)

18-30 yes ng air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Guth (2001)

ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng 13

Hartung (1971)

ng ng ng air ng ng yes ng ng ng ng ng ng 5

Hellman (1974)

5 yes no air air air stream yes 20-80 lpm D+R A yes yes yes

Hellman (1973a,b)

5 yes no air air air stream yes 20-80 lpm D+R A yes yes yes

Hesse (1926)


Hesse (1928)

ng ng ng air ng ng yes ng ng ng ng ng ng 1

Higuchi (2004)


Hildenskiold (1959)



56





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Hollingsworth (1963)


Holmes (1915)

60 no ng air air booth ng High

VelocityD+R A yes no yes

Homans (1978)

16 nd nd air nd nd yes yes D A nd nd yes 29

Hori (1972)

5 - 10 no ng air air syringe yes static ng A ng no ng 1

Hoshika (1997)

7 ng ng air air ng yes static R two ng ng ng 53

Ifeadi (1972)

1 no ng air Charcoal filtered hood yes 0.4 lpm D A yes no yes 37

Imasheva (1963)


Itskovich (1962)


Ivanov (1964)


Jacobson (1955)

15 - 22 ng ng air Room air nostril piece yes static D A ng no yes

Jacobson (1956)

14 - 16 ng ng air Room air nostril piece yes static D A ng no yes

Jacobson (1958)

13 ng ng air Room air nostril piece yes static D A ng no yes

Jones (1954)

4 no no air pure air nostril piece no 3 lpm R A yes no ng 1, 46


57





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Jones (1955a)

24 no no water Mineral Spirits flask no static ng A yes no ng 1

Jones (1955b)

45 no no air pure air nostril piece no 3 lpm R A no no ng 1

Jones (1955c)

84 no no air pure air nostril piece no 3 lpm D A no no ng 1

Kaloyanova (1967)

10 yes no air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng yes

Kaloyanova (1968)


Katz (1930)

7 - 14 no no air pure air funnel no ≥8 lpm D A no no yes

Kerka (1956)

6 yes ng air nitrogen test room ng static D + R ng yes no ng 21

Khachaturyan (1968)

3 ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng D yes ng yes 38

Khachaturyan (1969)

3 ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng ng yes ng ng 36

Khiari (1992)

ng yes ng ng ngGC-

olfactometeryyes ng D ng ng ng ng

Khikmatullaeva (1967)

21 yes ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng

Kinkead (1971a)

6 no no air Test room no no static D R yes no yes 3

Kinkead (1971b)

3 no no air Test room no no static D ng yes no 2-5 37


58





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Kleinbeck (2011)

44 yes no air nitrogenflow

olfactometeryes ng D + I A yes yes yes

Kniebes (1969)

13 - 33 no ng air nitrogen test room static D R yes no yes 20

Komthong (2006)

3 yes ng air airGC-

olfactometery yes ng D D

only two trials

no ng 34

Korneev (1965)

22 yes ng air carbon cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Kosiborod (1968)


Krackow (1953)

ng ng ng air ng ng ng ng D ng ng ng ng

Krasovitskaya (1968)

11 yes ng air Clean air cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Krichevskaya (1968)


Kristesashvili (1965)


Kulakov (1964)


Laffort (1987)

9 yes ng ng ng tedlar bags ng ng D ng ng ng ng 32

Laffort (1973)

4 no no air air Mono rhinal

valve yes 0.4 lpm D R yes ng ng 1, 20, 37

Laing (1975)

6 no no air nitrogen sniff port yes 0.04 lpm D R + D yes no yes 38


59





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Laing (1978)

16 yes no air nitrogen nose & mouth

port yes 10 lpm R R yes no yes 42

Laing (1982)

23 yes yes air airchamber &

olfactometerng 10 lpm D A + D yes yes yes

Laska (2010)

20 yes no air several squeeze bottles no static D A yes yes yes 10

Laska (1991)

44 yes ng air n-butanol sniff bottles estimated static D A yes yes ng 31

Leonardos (1969)

4 yes no air Purified air test room no static 100% R R no no no

Li-Shen (1961)


Loginova (1957)

11 ng ng air air bifarate tube ng MP ng yes no yes 36

Lotsch (1997)

5 yes yes air airdynamic

olfactometeryes ng D, I A + D yes yes yes

Makhinya (1966)


Malyarova (1967)


Marin (1988)

8 yes yes air airGC-

olfactometryyes ng D D yes no ng 54

Martirosyan (1970)


Mateson (1955)

ng yes yes air ng glass funnel ng yes ng ng ng ng ng 8, 29


60





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

May (1966)

16 yes ng air air flask yes static D+R U-D yes no yes 60

McGinley (2003)

5 yes no air airScentometer, Nasal Ranger

yes 16 - 20 lpm D A yes yes yes 8

Melekhina (1958)


Melekhina (1968)


Melzner (2011)

25 yes yes air air olfactometer yes 8 lpm D A yes yes yes 9

Minaev (1966)


Miryakubova (1970)

ng ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng 2

Miyazawa (2009a)

12 yes ng air waterGC-

olfactometryyes 30 lpm D A yes yes yes 31

Mnatsakanyan (1962)

11 yes ng air ng ng yes ng R ng yes ng yes 1

Molhave (2000)

12 yes yes Aor air olfactometer ng ng D A no yes yes 18

Moskowitz (1974)

33 no ng air air nose port yes 0.12 lpm D ng ng no yes 40

Muhlen (1968)

4 ng ng air air hood yes static R U-D ng no yes 37

Mukhamedova (1968)



61





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Mukhitov (1971)


Mukhitov (1962)


Mullins (1955)

9 - 23 no no air air nose port no 4 lpm R ng yes no ng 37

Murphy (1985)

9 - 20 yes ng air airdilution

olfactometerno no D A + D ng yes yes 63

Nader (1958)

10 no no air pure air mask no 15-20 lpm D A yes no yes

Nagata (2003)

6 yes yes air nitrogen tedlar bag yes static D ng ng yes ng

Neuhaus (1957)

nd nd nd air nd nd nd nd D + R nd nd nd no 28

Nevers (1965)

6+ ng ng air pure air funnel ng 1.25 lpm I R ng yes yes 58

Nikiforov (1970)


Nimmermark (2011)

4 - 16 yes yes ng ng olfactometer ng ng D + R ng yes yes yes

Nishida (1975)

20 ng ng air Fresh air mask ng I lpm D ng ng no yes

Nishida (1979)

8 - 11 ng ng air carbon mask yes 2 lpm D A + D yes no yes 19

Nordin (1997)

16 yes yes air airdynamic

olfactometeryes 100 lpm D yes yes yes yes 39


62





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Novikov (1957)

12 yes ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng yes ng yes 36

Odoshashvili (1962)

12 yes ng air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP nd yes yes yes 36

Olsson (2010)

500 yes no air Diethyl

Phthalatesqueeze bottles no static D A yes yes yes 12

Ozturk (1976)

12-26 yes ng water vapor Distilled water aerosol bottle yes static D A ng no yes

Pangborn (1964)

5 yes ng air pure air hood no ng D R yes yes yes

Parker (1913)

2 ng ng air air jar no static R ng yes yes yes 37

Patterson (1993)

40 yes ng air mineral oil squeeze bottles yes static D A + D yes yes no

Piggott (1975)

10 yes ng water water bottle no static ng R yes no yes 20

Pliska (1965)

nd nd nd air nd nose port nd nd nd ng A nd nd

Plotnikova (1957)


Pogosyan (1965)


Polednik (2008)

22 yes ng air air Room yes ng D ng yes yes yes

Polgar (1975)

6 yes ng air pure air cup ng 3 lpm R A ng yes yes


63





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Poostchi (1986)

7 to 10 ng ng ng ng olfactometer yes 0.1 lpm D + R ng yes yes yes

Popov (1970)

ng ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng

Pozzani (1968)

8 - 9 no ng air air test room yes static D R yes no yes 3

Prusakov (1976)


Punter (1983)

26 - 44 nd nd air nitrogen port yes 5 lpm D A yes yes yes

Randebrock (1971)

5 ng ng air ng sniff port yes ng ng ng 1-5 ng ng 1

Ripp (1968)

16 yes ng air pure air cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Rylova (1953)


Sadilova (1968)


Saifutdinov (1966)


Sanders (1970)

4 yes yes air Clean air mask no 12 lpm D A yes no yes 37

Savenhed (1985)

ng ng ng air ngGC-

olfactometeryyes ng D ng ng ng ng

Scherberger (1958)

3 no no air air glass yes 0.7 or 3.1

lpmR ng yes no ng 1, 37


64





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Scherberger (1960)


Schmidt (2010)


Schneider (1955)

53 yes ng air Odor free air test room no static D R + D + A yes no ng 20

Schneider (1966)

8 yes ng air nitrogen nares piece yes 0.6-4.8 lpm R A yes no ng 1

Schulman (2011)


Selyuzhitskii (1976)


Sgibnev (1968)


Shalamberidze (1967)

14-15 ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng

Shusterman (1997a)

30 yes no air air nasal canula no 5 lpm I (Irritation) A no no no 49

Sinkuvene (1970)

ng ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng ng

Slavgorodskiy (1968)

27 ng ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng yes ng yes

Slotnick (1984)

10 ng ng ng air olfactometer ng ng ng ng ng ng ng

Smeets (2002)

26 yes yes airpropylene glycol,

mineral oilbottle Y static D and I A + D yes yes yes 47


65





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Smeets (2007)

24 yes yes air water bottle yes static &

DynamicD and I A yes yes yes 49

Smith (1969)

7 ng ng air nitrogen nose piece yes static R D ng yes yes 20

Solomin (1961)


Solomin (1964)

14 yes ng air carbon cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Stalker (1963)

23 yes no air pure air mask yes 15-20 lpm D A yes no yes

Steinmetz (1969)

5 yes ng air Odor free air hood no yes D R yes yes ng 20, 29

Stephens (1971)

ng ng ng air pure air sniff port yes yes ng ng ng yes ng 1, 29

Stevens (1993)

24 yes no air water squeeze bottles yes static D A yes yes yes 63

Stevens (1988)

3 no yes ngwater, mineral

oilsqueeze bottles yes ng D A ng yes yes

Stewart (1974)

9 yes ng air Room air test room yes static D R yes no yes 38

Stone (1965)

9 yes ng air Charcoal filtered hood yes yes D R yes yes yes 20, 29

Stone (1967b)

6 yes ng air Odor free air hood no yes D R yes yes yes 20, 29

Stone (1962)

48 yes ng air Charcoal filtered hood yes yes D R yes yes yes 20, 29


66





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Stone (19623b)

54 no ng air pure air hood yes yes D R yes yes yes 20, 29

Stone (1963a)

6 no ng air Charcoal filtered hood no yes D R yes yes yes 20, 29

Stone (1967a)

9 yes ng air Charcoal filtered hood no yes D + R R yes yes yes 20, 29

Stone (1972)

3 - 5 yes no air air nose port yes yes D R ng yes yes 20, 29

Strube (2012)

10 yes yes air air and waterGC-

olfactometryyes ng D ng ng ng ng

Styazhkin (1973)

17 yes ng air pure air ng ng ng MP ng ng yes yes

Tabakova (1969)

23 yes ng air ng ng ng ng MP ng ng ng yes

Takhiroff (1957)


Takhirov (1969)

ng yes ng air carbon filtered cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Tamman (1928)

3-7 ng ng air air nd no yes D A ng no yes 29, 37

Tarkhova (1965)

20 yes ng air air cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Tepikina (1968)


Teranishi (1974)

ng ng ng water water ng ng static ng ng ng ng ng 1


67





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Thiele (1979)

3, 15, 150 nd nd air Activated carbon port nd nd D nd nd yes yes

Thriel (2006a)

144 yes yes air water or Mineral

Oilbottle yes static D A yes yes yes 51

Tkach (1965)


Tkachev (1963)


Tkachev (1969)


Tkachev (1970)

21 ng ng air ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng ng

Torkelson (1977)

10 no no ng ng ng ng ng R A ng ng yes

Tsukatani (2003)

31 ng ng ng several ng ng ng D A ng ng ng

Turk (1973)

ng no no air ambient air vent yes Varied R D yes no yes 20

Ubaidullaev (1978)


Ubaidullaev (1961)


Ubaidullaev (1966)

25 ng ng air air ng yes ng MP ng ng ng ng

Ueno (2009)

6, 12, 51 yes yes ng air olfactometer yes ng D D + A ng Triangle

Bag Method

yes


68





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Ventura (1997)

5 ng ng air water, air GC / Sniffer yes 71 cm/s R A ng ng yes

Vermeulen (2006)

2 ng ng air airGC-

olfactometryyes 20ml/min D A ng ng yes

Viswanathan (1983)

17 no no ng ngbag and

olfactometryng

static and dynamic

D A ng yes yes

Walker (1996)


Walker (2003)

7 & 5 yes yes air air olfactometer yes 43 lpm D A Y no yes

Weeks (1960)

12 ng ng ng air Fair Wells

Osmoscopeng ng R ng ng no ng

Whisman (1978)

6 yes ng air air test room yes yes D A yes no yes 29

Wilby (1964)

3-4 yes ng air air 10-inch square

portno 2830 lpm D A yes no yes 37

Wilby (1969)

35 no ng air air 10-inch square

portyes 2830 lpm R R yes no yes 42

Williams (1977)

10 yes nd air Clean air nose port no 0.5 lpm D A ng yes yes

Winneke (1979)

31 nd nd air nd hood yes yes D A nd no yes 29

Wise (2007)

20 yes yes nitrogen air olfactometer yes 30 lpm R A yes yes yes

Witheridge (1939)

2 yes ng air Clean air test room yes static D ng ng no yes 37


69





Source(Year)

SizeSelection

CriteriaCalibration

Vapor Modality

DiluentPresentation


Flow Rate

Threshold Type

Conc. Series


Conc.Interval

Note #

Yang (2008)

3 ng ng ng hexaneGC-

olfactometryyes 2 ml/min D ng ng no yes

Young (1966)

81 yes ng air Filtered air mask yes 57 lpm D A yes no yes

Yuldashev (1965)

20 ng ng air ng ng yes ng MP ng ng ng ng

Zarzo (2012)


Zibireva (1967)

ng ng ng air pure air cylinder yes 15 lpm MP ng yes yes yes 36

Ziemer (2000)

10 ng ng air airDevlin

olfactometeryes ng D A yes no ng


70


Notes to Table 6.2 1 A project note about an experimental paper presenting threshold values.

2 Abstract with insufficient information.

3 Adaptation effects were avoided with a 45-min interval between concentrations.

4 Although a random presentation was used in this study, adaptation effects were avoided by presenting stimuli with 30 minute intervals between concentrations.

5 Approximate thresholds determined and no threshold methodology is given.

6 Article only provided the range of all measurements and the values detected 90% of the time.

7 Article investigated an additive effect of odorants.

8 Article focused upon validating olfactometer(s).

9 Article investigated whether subjects detected CO2 in the nose or the mouth first.

10 Article investigates the odor detection, descrimination and chemesthetic properties.

11 Article investigating nasal irritation sensitivity variation in humans.

12 Article investigating odor threshold differences between males, females, osmics and anosmics.

13 Article contains good descriptions for the compounds found in orange peel vapor.

14 Article investigating the compounds and their organoleptic intensity scales.

15 Article mentions new olfactometer. Flow rate difficult to determine.

16 Article on good odor measurement methods/studies and the vapor delivery device 8 (VDD8).

17 Article refers to a minimal perceptible concentration based on an intensity scale.

18 Article refers to a previously published articles for the details of the odor testing. Results are for brief, 2 minute duration, exposures only.

19 Ascending/descending patterns with consideration of other factors of the experimental design.

20 Concentration series are presented with insufficient time for de-adaptation of the olfactory receptors.

21 Concentration series not given, however the 1-hr waiting period used would eliminate adapta-tion effects.

22 Concentrations are presented in ascending, descending, and random order.

23 Detection threshold was a 50% response.

24 Different subjects were tested at different concentrations to eliminate adaptation effects.

25 Evaluation of the repeatability of odor threshold data; determining the precision of odor thresh-old identification methods. air-dilution olfactometer had good precision (4.2%).

26 Experimental purpose was to avoid inhibition.

27 Eye irritation and pugency was measured.

28 German article. A tenfold concentration step size was used.

29 Flow rate difficult to determine.

30 Panel was 50% anosmic.

31 Investigation of how the detection threshold might change when compounds are presented in mixtures.

32 Investigation of olfactory properties of chemicals under hyperbaric atmospheres.

33 Investigation of the properties affecting odor thresholds in hydroalcoholic solutions (like wine).

34 Investigation to identify and quantify the odorants from apple.

35 Investigation to identify the odorants and thresholds from linden tree honey from Romania.

36 The MP is the minimum perceptible concentration of the most sensitive subject.

37 Number of subjects was insufficient to represent the range of olfactory sensitivity.

71


38 Only one concentration per day was tested to avoid adaptation effects.

39 Only the detection threshold for the Controls (without Alzheimers disease) were quoted.

40 Panelists completed four scaling tasks in 30 min with 10-sec waiting period between sniffs.

41 Participant count is the lowest number of subjects per compound.

42 Random presentation order to determine recognition threshold.

43 Reported values are for 100 percent recognition.

44 Results displayed on small graph in log ppb units; conversion errors may have resulted during conversion.

45 Russian article minimal perceptible value was determined from English summary.

46 Russian article was categorized based on translation of key words and review of tables present-ing minimum perceptible values.

47 Study focus was testing olfactory fatigue between exposed and non-exposed workers.

48 Study investigated the odor threshold differences between smokers and non-smokers.

49 Study of the odor and chemesthesis (pungency and eye irritation).

50 Study of the odorant extracts of Lovage using GC-O.

51 Study on possible odorants for inert gas and investigated differences in age, sex, and smoking.

52 Study to compare the odor detection thresholds for smokers and non-smokers.

53 Study to determine the odor recognition thresholds of several organics.

54 Study to identify the odor detection thresholds of common food odorants.

55 Study to identify the odor thresholds of chemicals in drinking water.

56 The study presents air values based on transformed data from water values and a descending series without adequate de-adaptation time.

57 Variable presentation was used with intervals between sniffs to reduce adaptation effects.

58 Threshold was calculated from the intensity slope at the intercept.

59 Thresholds were conducted as training for a field program. Threshold measurement recorded to document panel calibration.

60 Up-down technique used is less likely to cause olfactory fatigue than a descending or random pattern.

61 U.S. EPA Report on odor detection of methyl tert-butyl ether in water based upon on previously published data.

62 Purpose of the experiment was to prove hypothesis on the effects of humidity and temperature on odor thresholds.

63 Investigation of the relationship between odor detection thresholds and age.

64 Study of glutaraldehyde odor detection threshold, eye and throat sensation threshold, and response over time.

65 Only dilution to threshold values presented.

66 Study evaluated subjects ability to recognize the odorant, not to determine a threshold.

67 Study to evaluate the effect of the molecule length (carbon atoms) on the odor detection threshold.

68 Study comparing age-related loss of detection threshold, intensity, pleasantness and repeated exposure effects.

69 Using the triangle odor bag method, 12 years of data on 223 compounds was summaried and trends were examined.

70 Study of individual’s odor detection and hedonic tone from animal production facility odorants.

71 An evaluation of the methodology and data analysis to identify the appropriate study size and trials.

72


Table 6.3 – Reported Odor Thresholds from All Sources

All published odor threshold values for the 295 chemicals with occupational exposure values.

The table provides the following information:

Chemical Name

Source (Last name of first author) and publication date

Type of odor threshold values reported as either detection (d) or recognition (r)

All threshold values from the Gemert compendium in both mg/m3 and ppm.

Note: Conversion of units from mg/m3 to ppm was based on the molecular weight of the compound

and the known volume of a perfect gas or vapor at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

73


# Chemical Name SourceType of

ThresholdOdor Thresholds

mg/m3 ppm1 Acetaldehyde Zwaardemaker 1914 d 0.7 0.39

Backman 1917 r 0.062 - 0.075 0.034 - 0.042

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.12 0.067

Balavoine 1943 10 6

Pliska & Janicek 1965 1,800 1,000

Gofmekler 1967, 1968 d 0.012 0.0067

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.38 0.21

Hartung et al 1971 0.005 0.0028

Takhirov 1974 0.49 0.27

Teranishi et al 1974 0.041 0.023

Anon. 1980 d 0.0027 0.0015

Anon. 1980 r 0.027 0.015

Naus 1982 d 1 0.555

Naus 1982 r 10 6

Nagy 1991 d 0.09 0.05

Nagata 2003 d 0.0027 0.0015

2 Acetic Acid Passy 1893b, 1893c d 5 - 10 2.0 - 4.1

Grijns 1906 49 - 76 20 - 31

Backman 1917 r 4.8 - 5.0 2.0 - 20

Grijns 1919 2 0.81

Mitsumoto 1926 r 0.074 - 0.57 0.030 - 0.23

Hesse 1926 r 0.6 0.24

Henning 1927 d 3.6 1.5

Morimura 1934 r 1.82 - 1.91 0.74 - 0.78

Jung 1936 d 0.025 0.01

Jung 1936 r 0.05 0.02

Balavoine 1943, 1948 300 - 500 122 - 204

Stone 1963c d 3.9 1.6

Stone & Bosley 1965 d 4.2 1.7

Endo et al 1967 6.5 2.65

Takhirov 1969, 1974 0.6 0.24

Leonardos et al 1969 r 2.5 1

Homans et al 1978 d 0.37 0.15

Naus 1982 d 0.5 0.20

Naus 1982 r 25 10

Punter 1983 d 0.09 0.037

Homans 1984 0.93 0.38

Walker et al 1990 5 2.04

Nagy 1991 d 0.37 0.15

Blank & Schieberle 1993 0.03 - 0.09 0.012 - 0.037

Walker et al 1996 0.25 - 2.5 0.1 - 1.0

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998a d 0.025 0.01

Cometto - Muniz 1999 d 0.025 0.01

Table 6.3 – Odor Threshold Values Bold = Lowest Value Reported

74




mg/m3 ppm2 Acetic Acid cont. Nagata 2003 d 0.015 0.006

Van Thriel et al 2006 d 1.45 0.59

Wise et al 2007 d 0.017 - 0.020 0.0069 - 0.0081

Miyazawa et al 2009a d 0.017 - 0.020 0.0069 - 0.0081

Miyazawa et al 2009b d 0.001 0.0004

Cain et al 2010 d 0.15 0.06

Cometto - Muniz & Abraham 2010b

d 0.013 0.0053

3 Acetic Anhydride Takhirov 1969 0.49 0.12

Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d <0.6 <0.14


r 1.5 0.36

4 Acetone Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 4 - 7 1.7 - 2.9

Backman 1917 r 4.1 - 4.3 1.7 - 1.8

Van Anrooij 1931 d 1.1 0.46

Jung 1936 d 78 33

Jung 1936 r 78 33

Scherberger et al 1958 r 1,900 800

Stuiver 1958 d 5.8 2.4

Feldman 1960 1.1 0.46

Naus 1962 d 4 1.7

Pogosyan 1965 1.1 0.46

Tkach 1965 1.1 0.46

May 1966 d 770 324

May 1966 r 1,660 699

Kittel 1968 11 - 240 4.6 - 101

Leonardos et al 1969 r 240 101

Kittel & Wendelstein 1971 d 75 32

Kittel & Wendelstein 1971 r 121 51

Hartung et al 1971 2.3 0.97

Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 240 10

Artho & Koch 1973 1,000 - 10,000 421 - 4,208


d 48 20


r 78 33

Dravnieks 1974 d 1,550 653

Takhirov 1974 1.15 0.48

Makeicheva 1978 0.94 0.4

Anon. 1980 d 72 30

Anon. 1980 r 264 111

Naus 1982 d 1 0.42

Naus 1982 r 20 8

Table 6.3 – Odor Threshold Values, cont. Bold = Lowest Value Reported

75




mg/m3 ppm4 Acetone cont. Punter 1983 d 8.6 3.6

Nagy 1991 d 40 17

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 d 27,900 11,745

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 27,900 11,745

Dalton et al 1997a d 199 - 204 84 - 86

Dalton et al 1997b d 626 - 936 263 - 394

Wysocki et al 1997 d 97 - 2,026 41 - 853

Dalton et al 2000 d 59 25

Nagata 2003 d 101 43

Cometto - Muniz & Abraham 2009a

d 2 0.84

5 Acetonitrile Pozzani et al 1959 <67 <40


Dravnieks 1974 d 1,950 1,161

Nagata 2003 d 22 13

6 Acetophenone Imasheva 1963 0.01 0.002

Tkach 1965 0.01 0.002

Korneev 1965 0.01 0.002

Gavaudan & Poussel 1966 0.23 0.047


1.5 0.305


r 2.9 0.59

Savenhed et al 1985 d 0.01 - 0.04 0.002 - 0.008

Randebrock 1986 0.0012 0.00024

7 Acetylene Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 240 226

Babin et al 1965 1,300 - 2,750 1,222 - 2,584

Nagy 1991 d 510 479

8 Acrolein Katz & Talbert 1930 d 4.1 1.8

Plotnikova 1957 0.8 0.35

Buchberg et al 1961 0.2 - 0.7 0.087 - 0.31


Sinkuvene 1970 0.07 0.031

Knuth 1973 0.14 0.061

Cormack et al 1974 0.23 0.1


Anon. 1980 d 0.069 0.03

Anon. 1980 r 0.32 0.14

Nagata 2003 d 0.0083 0.0036

9 Acrylic Acid Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.27 0.092

Hellman & Small 1974 r 3 1

Piringer & Granzer 1984 2 0.679



76




mg/m3 ppm10 Acrylonitrile Stalker 1963 d 3.4 1.6


Nagata 2003 d 19 8.8

11 Allyl Alcohol Katz & Talbert 1930 d 3.3 1.4

Jones 1955c d 83 35

Dunlap et al 1958 1.9 0.8

Pliska & Janicek 1965 48 20

Dravnieks 1974 d 5 2.1

Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 1.2 0.51

12 Allyl Chloride Toxicity Data Sheet 1958a 9.3 - 18.6 3.0 - 5.9

Torkelson et al 1959 3 - 9 0.958 - 2.875


13 Allyl Isothiocyanate Allison & Katz 1919 8 1.97

Katz & Talbert 1930 0.61 0.15

Stone et al 1967a d 0.19 0.05

Stone & Pryor 1967b d 0.037 - 0.24 0.0091 - 0.0592

14 Ammonia Valentin 1848, 1850 21 30

Grijns 1906 21.6 - 42 31.0 - 60.3

Fieldner et al 1921 37 53

Smolczyk & Cobler 1930 0.71 - 7.1 1.02 - 10.2

Geier 1936 d 1.25 1.79

Geier 1936 r 2.5 3.6

Carpenter et al 1948 0.7 1

Smyth 1956 r ≤0.7 ≤1.00

Patty 1962a <3.5 <5.0

Saifutdinov 1966 0.50 - 0.55 0.72 - 0.79

Endo et al 1967 37 53


Hamanabe et al 1969 0.03 0.043

Stephens 1971 2.7 3.9

Nishida et al 1975 d 1.8 - 37.8 2.6 - 54.3

Hill & Barth 1976 21 30

Schoedder 1977 5.0 - 7.6 7.2 - 10.9

Logtenberg 1978 d 5.2 7.5

Nishida et al 1979 d 11.6 16.7

Anon. 1980 d 0.1 0.14

Anon. 1980 r 0.4 0.57

Naus 1982 d 1.5 2.15

Naus 1982 r 35 50

Nagy 1991 d 3.7 5.31

Nagata 2003 d 1.1 1.58


Smeets et al 2007 d 1.8 2.58

Smeets et al 2007 d 1.8 2.58


77




mg/m3 ppm15 n - Amyl Acetate Grijns 1919 0.9 0.17

Allison & Katz 1919 39 7.3

Jones 1955c d 1.6 0.3

Gofmekler 1960 0.6 0.11

Pliska & Janicek 1960 31 5.8

Guadagni 1966 0.05 0.0094

Davis 1973 d 0.04 0.0075

Hendriks 1979 d 0.27 0.051

Slotnick 1981 1.3 0.24

Laing 1982 d 0.95 0.178

Punter 1983 d 0.27 - 0.28 0.051 - 0.053

Cristoph 1983 r 0.045 - 0.06 0.00845 - 0.0113

Walker et al 1990 6.9 1.3

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1991 6.3 1.18

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 6.3 1.18

Walker et al 1996 0.53 - 5.3 0.09954 - 0.9954

Hoshika et al 1997 r 41 7.7

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.049 0.0092

Walker et al 2003 0.038 - 0.89 0.007 - 0.167

Komthong et al 2006 10.7 - 230 2.0 - 43

Olsson & Laska 2010 d 2.2 - 2.7 0.414 - 0.508

16 Aniline Tempelaar 1913 d 0.97 0.25

Huijer 1924 d 0.046 0.012

Zwaardemaker 1927 d 0.046 0.012

Backman 1917 r 5.0 - 5.8 1.3 - 1.5

Geier 1936 d 1.2 - 1.5 0.32 - 0.39

Geier 1936 2.0 - 2.5 0.53 - 0.66

Jacobson et al 1958 d 38 10

Tkachev 1963 0.37 0.097

Leonardos et al 1969 r 3.8 1

Ozturk 1976 d 2.21 0.58

Naus 1982 d 2 0.53

Naus 1982 r 20 5.3

17 Arsine Patty 1962b <3.2 <1.0

18 Benzaldehyde Backman 1917 r 0.33 - 0.50 0.05 - 0.076

Rocen 1920 r 1.7 0.260

Ohma 1922 d 0.44 0.067

Katz & Talbert 1930 0.18 0.027

Jones 1955c r 4.1 0.626


Knuth 1973 0.27 0.041

Laing 1975 d 4.3 0.657

Nishida et al 1979 d 3,400 783


78




mg/m3 ppm18 Benzaldehyde

cont.Randebrock 1986 0.014 0.0021

Stevens & Cain 1987a d 0.43 - 43 0.0657 - 6.57

Khiari et al 1992 d <0.01 <0.0015

Von Ranson & Belitz 1992b d 0.61 0.093

Von Ranson & Belitz 1992b r 2.1 0.32

McGee et al 1995 d 0.1 - 1 0.015 - 0.15

Yang et al 2008 0.085 0.013

19 Benzene Backman 1917 r 6.6 - 6.9 2.1 - 2.2

Backman 1918 5 - 5.3 1.7

Zwaardemaker 1927 5 - 5.3 1.7

Grijns 1919 420 131

Zwaardemaker 1927 420 131

Schley 1934 d 8.8 2.8

Schley 1934 r 12 3.8

Jones 1954 r 480 - 510 150 - 160

Jones 1955c d 180 56

Novikov 1957 4.9 1.5

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 9 2.8

Gusev 1965 2.8 - 4 0.88 - 1.3

Naus 1962 d 6 1.9

May 1966 d 180 56

May 1966 r 310 97

Elfimova 1966 2.5 0.78

Schutte & Zubek 1967 r 310 97

Leonardos et al 1969 r 15 4.7

Alibaev 1970 2.9 0.91

Dravnieks & O’Donnell 1971 38 12

Koster 1971 d 37 12


Laffort & Dravineks 1973 14.5 4.5

Artho & Koch 1973 100 - 1,000 31.3 - 313

Dravnieks 1974 d 380 119

Naus 1982 d 1.5 0.47

Naus 1982 r 16 5

Punter 1983 d 108 34

Nagata 2003 d 8.6 2.69

20 Benzoyl Chloride Schley 1934 d 0.012 - 0.024 0.0021 - 0.0042

Schley 1934 r 0.012 - 0.036 0.0021 - 0.0063

21 Benzyl Acetate Appell 1969 0.001 0.00016

Koster 1971 85 - 135 14 - 22

22 Benzyl Chloride Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.21 0.041



79




mg/m3 ppm23 Biphenyl Solomin 1961 0.06 0.0095

Nagy 1991 d 0.0033 0.00052

24 Boron Trifluoride Torkelson et al 1961 4.2 1.5

25 Bromine Valentin 1848, 1850 3 0.46

Henning 1924 d 0.2 0.031

Rupp & Henschler 1967 d <0.065 <0.0099

Rupp & Henschler 1967 r >6.5 >0.99


Randebrock 1986 0.9 0.14

26 Bromoform Passy 1893a d 2 - 5 0.19 - 0.48

Backman 1917 r 2.2 - 2.5 0.21 - 0.24

Grijns 1919 150 15

Rocen 1920 r 30 2.9

27 1,3 - Butadiene Mullins 1955 r 169 76

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 2.1 0.95

Ripp 1968 4 1.8

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 5.8 2.6

Hellman & Small 1974 d 1 0.45

Hellman & Small 1974 r 2.4 1.1

Jeltes 1975 0.22 0.099

Nagata 2003 d 0.51 0.23

28 Butane, all isomers Patty & Yant 1929 12,000 5,048

Mullins 1955 r 6,160 2,591

Mullins 1955 r 1,370 576

Schneider et al 1966 8,700 3,660

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 3,000 1,262

Artho & Koch 1973 1 - 10 0.421 - 4.21

Nagata 2003 d 2,880 1,212

29 Butenes, all isomers Katz & Talbert 1930 2.1 0.915

Katz & Talbert 1930 4.8 2.09

Katz & Talbert 1930 3 1.31

Mullins 1955 r 39.2 17

Mullins 1955 r 2,700 1,177

Mullins 1955 r 28.5 12

Mullins 1955 r 4,880 2126

Krasovitskaya & Malyarova 1968

15.4 6.71

Knuth 1973 1.2 0.523

Anon 1980 d 15 6.5

Anon 1980 r 46 20

Nagata 2003 d 0.83 0.362

Nagata 2003 d 23 10


80




mg/m3 ppm30 2 - Butoxyethanol Hellman & Small

1973a,b; 1974 d 0.5 0.1

Hellman & Small 1973a,b; 1974

r 1.7 0.35

Nagy 1991 0.4 0.08

Nagata 2003 1.3 0.27

31 2 - Butoxyethyl Acetate Hellman & Small 1973a,b; 1974

d 0.7 0.107

Hellman & Small 1973a,b; 1974

r 1.3 0.198

Nagy 1991 d 6.5 0.99

32 n - Butyl Acetate Backman 1917 r 1.3 - 1.7 0.27 - 0.36

Jung 1936 d 0.044 0.0093

Jung 1936 r 0.044 - 0.13 0.0093 - 0.027

Scherberger et al 1958 r 96 20

Gofmekler 1960 0.6 0.13


Naus 1962 d 0.7 0.147

May 1966 d 35 7.4

May 1966 r 55 12

Koster 1971 d 480 - 1,750 101 - 368



Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.03 0.0063

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.18 0.038

Anon. 1980 d 0.32 0.067

Anon. 1980 r 2.4 0.505

Cristoph 1983 r 0.46 - 0.55 0.097 - 0.116

Scharfenberger 1990 4 0.84

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1991, 1993

d 11.5 2.4


Nagy 1991 d 1 0.21

Nagy 1991 d 0.521 0.11

Patterson et al 1993 d 7.7 1.6

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.061 0.013

Cometto - Muniz et al 2002 0.00062 0.00013


Nagata 2003 d 0.077 0.016

Cometto - Muniz et al 2004 d 0.015 0.003

Komthong et al 2006 165 - 1,570 35 - 330


Cain & Schmidt 2009 d 0.01 0.002


81




mg/m3 ppm33 sec - Butyl Acetate Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 d 22.6 4.76


Nagata 2003 d 0.012 0.0025

34 tert - Butyl Acetate Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 d 6.2 1.31


Nagata 2003 d 0.34 0.072

Cain & Schmidt 2009 d 0.038 0.008

35 Butyl Acrylate Anon. 1969 0.53 0.1

Gemert 1973 d 0.005 - 0.01 0.00096 - 0.0019

Anon. 1980 d 0.0015 0.00029

Anon. 1980 0.014 0.0027

Piringer & Granzer 0.01 0.0019

Nagata 2003 d 0.0029 0.00055

36 n - Butyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 1 0.33

Backman 1917 r 0.35 - 0.6 0.12 - 0.20

Zwaardemaker 1927 1 0.33

Jung 1936 d 0.158 - 0.316 0.052 - 0.10

Jung 1936 r 0.474 - 0.632 0.16 - 0.21

Gavaudan et al 1948 0.15 0.049

Mullins 1955 r 37.2 12

Jones 1955a r 3.1 1

Jones 1955b r 110 - 285 36 - 94

Jones 1955c d 42 14


Janicek et al 1960 20 6.6

Naus 1962 d 4 1.3

Pliska & Janicek 1965 3,000 990


May 1966 d 33 11

May 1966 r 48 16

Dravnieks & Krotoszynski 1968

1.35 0.45

Khachaturyan & Baikov 1969 1.2 - 2 0.7 - 4

Cain 1969 r 60 20

Corbit & Engen 1971 13 - 20 4.3 - 6.6

Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 10 3.3

Baikov & Khachaturyan 1973 1.2 0.396


Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.9 0.3


Moskowitz et al 1974 186 61

Jones et al 1975 <132 <44

Piggott & Harper 1975 4 - 1,000 1.3 - 330


82




mg/m3 ppm36 n - Butyl Alcohol

cont.Dravnieks 1976 d 0.36 - 10.2 0.12 - 3.4

Williams et al 1977 d 0.63 - 1.14 0.21 - 0.38

Amoore & Buttery 1978 d 2.3 0.76

Homans et al 1978 d 13.94 4.6

Jones et al 1978 d 42 - 105 14 - 35

Laing et al 1978 r 10.5 3.5

Laing 1982 d 3 1

Cain et al 1983 d <4.2 <1.4

Cain et al 1983 d <4.2 <1.4

Cristoph 1983 r 0.7 - 0.9 0.23 - 0.30

Laing 1983 6 1.98

Jensen & Flyger 1983 0.10 - 2.4 0.033 - 0.79

Punter 1983 d 2.6 - 5.3 0.86 - 1.7

Viswanathan et al 1983 1.26 - 2.4 0.42 - 0.79

Homans 1984 21.5 7.09

Murphy & Cain 1985 d 0.39 - 4.26 0.13 - 1.41

Roos et al 1985 d 0.101 - 0.136 0.033 - 0.45

Roos et al 1985 d 0.77 0.25

Don 1986 d 0.77 0.25

Ahlstrom et al 1986 d 0.136 - 0.224 0.045 - 0.074

Dravnieks et al 1986 d 0.51 - 4.05 0.168 - 1.34

Hartigh 1986 d 0.01 - 0.292 0.0033 - 0.096

MacLeod et al 1986 0.69 0.23

Poostchi et al 1986 d 0.99 - 1.85 0.33 - 0.61

Poostchi et al 1986 r 3.72 - 4.02 1.23 - 1.33

Cain et al 1988 1.4 0.46

Dollnick et al 1988 0.384 0.13

Stevens et al 1988 d 0.36 - 3.3 0.12 - 1.09

De Wijk 1989 4.43 1.46

Hermans 1989 0.15 - 0.214 0.049 - 0.071

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 d 5.4 1.78


Scharfenberger 1990 0.5 0.16

Cain & Gent 1991 d 3 - 9 1 - 3

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 0.79 0.26

Lea & Ford 1991 2 0.66

Nagy 1991 d 3.1 1.02

Nagy 1991 d 0.591 0.19

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 d 162 53


Stevens & Dadarwala 1993 d 0.48 - 38.4 0.16 - 13

Dalton et al 1997a d 0.61 - 5.5 0.20 - 1.8


83




mg/m3 ppm36 n - Butyl Alcohol

cont.Dalton et al 1997b d 8.2 - 15.8 2.7 - 5.2

Harreveld & Heeres 1997 0.058 - 0.53 0.019 - 0.17

Wysocki et al 1997 d 0.48 - 9.6 0.16 - 3.2

Cometto - Muniz et al 1999 d 1.7 - 3.8 0.56 - 1.25

Molhave et al 2000 d 11 3.63

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.15 0.049

Feddes et al 2001 d 0.17 0.056

Mannebeck & Mannebeck 2002

d 0.105 - 0.1739 0.035 - 0.057

Smeets & Dalton 2002 d 42 - 54 14 - 18

Nagata 2003 d 0.11 0.036


Maxeiner & Mannebeck 2004 d 0.1323 - 0.1957 0.044 - 0.065

Cometto - Muniz & Abraham 2008

d 0.024 0.008

Polednik et al 2008 d 0.2 - 0.4 0.0660.13

Maxeiner 2006 d 0.1071 - 0.1251 0.035 - 0.041

Maxeiner 2007 d 0.111 - 0.130 0.037 - 0.043

Ueno et al 2009 0.051 0.017

Ueno et al 2009 0.26 0.086

Ueno et al 2009 0.16 0.053

Ueno et al 2009 0.42 0.14

Cain et al 2010 0.48 0.16

Nimmermark 2011 0.078 - 1.4 0.026 - 0.46

37 sec - Butyl Alcohol Jung 1936 d 7.4 2.4

Jung 1936 r 14.4 4.8

Jones 1955c r 80 26

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 9 3



Bedborough & Trott 1979 d 3.3 1.1

Punter 1983 d 59.1 19.5

Punter 1983 d 41.8 13.8


Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 285 94

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.13 0.043

Nagata 2003 d 0.66 0.218

38 tert - Butyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 10 - 20 3.3 - 6.6

Backman 1917 r 36 - 40 11.875 - 13.195

Jones 1955c r 750 247


Dravnieks 1974 d 2,900 957

Nagy 1991 d 42 14


84




mg/m3 ppm38 tert - Butyl Alcohol

cont.Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 d 1,827 603

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 1,827 603

Ziemer et al 2000 d 24.2 7.98

Nagata 2003 d 14 4.62

39 n - Butylamine Scherberger et al 1960 <0.36 <0.12

Sutton 1962a <3 <1


d 0.24 0.08


r 0.72 0.24

Laing et al 1978 r 41.7 13.9

Nagata 2003 d 0.51 0.17

40 n - Butyl Lactate Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.000000029 0.00000000485

41 Butyl Mercaptan Allison & Katz 1919 d 18 4.9

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.0037 0.001

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.0015 0.00041

Blinova 1965 0.007 - 0.04 0.0019 - 0.0011

Kniebes et al 1969 0.003 0.00081

Wilby 1969 r 0.0027 0.00073

Patte 1978 d 0.003 0.00081

Patte & Punter 1979 d 0.003 0.00081

Nagata 2003 d 0.00001 0.0000027

42 p - tert Butyl Toluene Hine et al 1954 r <30.5 <5.03

43 Butyraldehyde Backman 1917 r 0.013 - 0.014 0.0044 - 0.0047



d <0.013 <0.0044


r 0.027 0.0092

Teranshi et al 1974 0.042 0.014

Anon 1980 d 0.00084 0.0003

Anon 1980 r 0.011 0.0037

Hall & Andersson 1983 d 0.2 0.068

Cristoph 1983 r 0.18 - 0.21 0.061 - 0.071

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998a d 8.8 2.98


Nagata 2003 d 0.0019 0.0006


d 0.0013 0.0004

Laska & Ringh 2010 d 0.1 0.034

44 Camphor, synthetic Passy 1892a, 1892b d 5 0.8

Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 0.016 - 2 0.0026 - 0.32

Backman 1917 r 0.76 - 0.88 0.12 - 0.14

Ohma 1922 d 0.06 0.0096


85




mg/m3 ppm44 Camphor, synthetic

cont.Hofmann & Kohlrausch 1925 r 2 - 33 0.32 - 5.3

Mitsumoto 1926 r 4.4 - 45.0 0.71 - 7.2

Tamman & Oelsen 1928 d 6 - 13 0.97 - 2.1

Morimura 1934 r 1.16 - 32.5 0.19 - 5.2

Gundlach & Kenway 1939 d 0.49 0.079

Kleinschmidt 1983 r 3.35 0.54

De Wijk 1989 2.84 0.46

45 Caprolactam Krichevskaya 1968 0.3 0.065

46 Carbon Dioxide Lotsch et al 1997 540,000 - 1,080,000 300,068 - 600,136

Shusterman & Balmes 1997a, 1997b

486,000 270,000

Melzner et al 2011 d 95,400 53,000

Melzner et al 2011 d 81,000 45,000

Melzner et al 2011 d 75,600 42,000

Melzner et al 2011 d 70,200 39,000

47 Carbon Disulfide Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.07 0.022

Hildenskiold 1959 0.05 0.016

Frantikova 1962 1.3 0.42

Baikov 1963 0.08 - 0.5 0.026 - 0.16


Naus 1982 d 0.1 0.032

Naus 1982 r 1 0.32

Kleinschmidt 1983 r 98.9 32

Moriguchi et al 1983 d 0.11 0.04

Don 1986 d 0.18 0.06

Nagy 1991 d 3.9 1.25

Nagy 1991 d 1.269 0.41

Nagata 2003 d 0.65 0.21

48 Carbon Tetrachloride Allison & Katz 1919 4,533 720

Davis 1934 500 79

Lehmann & Schmidt - Kehl 1936

900 143

May 1966 d 1,260 200

May 1966 r 1,600 254

Leonardos et al 1969 r 135 - 630 21 - 100

Belkov 1969 11.5 - 58 1.8 - 9

Nikiforov 1970 10.58 1.68



Punter 1983 d 884 140

Nagata 2003 d 29 4.6

49 Carbonyl Sulfide Polgar et al 1975 0.25 0.102

Nagata 2003 d 0.14 0.057


86




mg/m3 ppm50 Chlorine Fieldner et al 1921 10 3.4

Prentiss 1937 10 3.4

Smolczyk & Cobler 1930 1.43 - 14.3 0.49 - 4.9

Takhiroff 1957 0.8 0.28

Beck 1959 0.15 - 0.3 0.05 - 0.10

Styazhkin 1963 0.7 0.24

Rupp & Henschler 1967 d 0.06 - 0.15 0.021 - 0.052

Rupp & Henschler 1967 r 0.3 0.1


Kramer 1976 3.2 - 7.8 1.10 - 2.69

Dixon & Ikels 1977 d 0.23 0.08

Naus 1982 3 1.03

Naus 1982 10 3.45

Randebrock 1986 0.18 0.062

Nagata 2003 0.14 0.048

51 Chlorine Dioxide Vincent et al 1946 42 15

52 Chloroacetophenone Katz & Talbert 1930 0.10 - 0.70 0.016 - 0.111

Prentis 1937 0.2 0.032

53 Chlorobenzene Backman 1917 r 7.5 - 8.1 1.6 - 1.8

Mateson 1955 21.6 4.7

Tarkhova 1965 0.4 0.087


Smith & Hochstettler 1969 r 3 0.65

Punter 1983 d 5.9 1.3

Don 1986 d 1 0.217

Nagy 1991 d 4.5 0.98

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 59.3 13

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1994 d 59.3 13

54 Chlorodifluoromethane Braker & Mossman 1980 708,000 200,192

55 Chloroform Passy 1893a d 30 6.1

Tempelaar 1913 d 3,000 614

Backman 1917 r 14.1 - 15.1 2.9 - 3.1

Allison & Katz 1919 3,300 676

Grijns 1919 2,350 481

Rocen 1920 d 730 150

Rocen 1920 r 2,500 512

Mitsumoto 1926 r 353.8 - 589.0 72.7 - 121

Schley 1934 d 42 8.6

Schley 1934 r 56 11

Morimura 1934 r 480 - 622 99 - 128


1,000 - 1,500 205 - 307

Scherberger et al 1958 r 6,900 1,413


87




mg/m3 ppm55 Chloroform cont. Janicek et al 1960 3,700 758

Naus 1962 d 3 0.6


Dravnieks 1974 d 1,350 276

Naus 1982 d 0.5 0.1

Naus 1982 r 20 4.1

Punter 1983 d 650 133

Nagata 2003 d 19 3.9

56 Chloropicrin Prentiss 1937 7.3 1.09

57 β - Chloroprene Mnatsakanyan 1962 0.4 - 2.0 0.11 - 0.55

58 Chlorotoluene Blackman 1917 r 0.95 - 1.4 0.18 - 0.27

59 Citral Passy 1892a, 1892b d 0.1 - 0.5 0.016 - 0.08

Tempelaar 1913 d 0.062 - 0.1 0.010 - 0.016

Zwaardemaker 1927 d 0.062 - 0.1 0.010 - 0.016

Backman 1917 r 0.06 - 0.09 0.0097 - 0.014

Ohma 1922 d 0.13 0.0209

Schneider & Wolf 1955 0.027 0.0043

Schneider et al 1958 0.12 0.0193

Apell 1969 0.0005 0.00008

Koster 1971 d 0.17 - 0.19 0.027 - 0.031

Etzweiler et al 1980 0.02 0.032

Randebrock 1986 0.00015 0.000024

60 Cresol, all isomers o - cresol

Backman 1917 r 0.004 0.0009

Stuiver 1958 d 0.0004 0.00009

Kendall et al 1968 r 0.0028 0.00063

Anon. 1980 d 0.0017 0.00038

Anon. 1980 r 0.027 0.0061


Schieberle et al 1988 0.0007 - 0.0027 0.00016 - 0.00061

Nagata 2003 d 0.0012 0.00027

Strube et al 2012 0.0078 0.0018

m - cresol

Backman 1917 r 0.0007 - 0.0009 0.00016 - 0.00020

Stuiver 1958 d 0.0004 0.00009

Nader 1958 d 0.00022 - 0.035 0.000050 - 0.0079

Anon. 1980 d 0.00057 0.00013

Anon. 1980 r 0.011 0.0025

Nagata 2003 d 0.00044 0.0001

p - cresol

Backman 1917 r 0.03 - 0.04 0.0068 - 0.0090

Baldus 1936 d 0.0125 0.0028

Baldus 1936 r 0.015 0.0034


88




mg/m3 ppm60 Cresol, all isomers cont. Stuiver 1958 d 0.00005 0.000011

Leonardos et al1969 r 0.0044 0.00099

Punter 1975, 1979 d 0.024 0.0054

Anon. 1980 d 0.00018 0.000041

Anon. 1980 r 0.0084 0.0019

Schieberle et al 1988 0.0003 - 0.001 0.00007 - 0.00023

Schieberle & Grosch 1988 0.0003 - 0.001 0.00007 - 0.00023

Blank et al 1989 0.0003 - 0.001 0.00007 - 0.00023

Blank 1990 0.0003 - 0.001 0.00007 - 0.00023

Nagata 2003 d 0.00024 0.000054

61 Crotonaldehyde Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.18 - 0.57 0.063 - 0.20



Nagata 2003 d 0.067 0.02

62 Cumene Solomin 1964 0.06 0.012

Elfimova 1966 0.025 0.0051

Koster 1971 d 0.25 0.051

Turk 1973 r 4.8 - 6.4 0.98 - 1.3

Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.04 0.008

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.23 0.047

Anon. 1980 d 0.074 0.025

Anon. 1980 r 0.54 0.11

Punter 1983 d 0.65 0.132

Bahmuller 1983 0.017 - 1.19 0.035 - 0.242

Nagy 1991 d 0.6 0.12

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998b 5.3 1.08


Nagata 2003 d 0.041 0.008

63 Cumene Hydroperoxide Solomin 1964 0.03 0.0048

64 Cyanogen Braker & Mossman 1980 >533 >500

65 Cyanogen Chloride Prentiss 1937 2.5 0.994

66 Cyclohexane Schley 1934 d 39 11

Schley 1934 r 120 35

Jones 1955c d 900 261

Alibaev 1970 1.8 0.52

Stone et al 1972 d 35.6 10.3



Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 d 2,700 784

Nagata 2003 d 8.5 2.47

67 Cyclohexanol Dobrinskiy 1964 0.24 0.058

Punter 1983 d 0.64 0.156



89




mg/m3 ppm68 Cyclohexanone Dobrinsky 1964 0.21 0.052

Stone et al 1967 d 1.15 0.29

Koster 1971 d 790 - 880 197 - 219

Stone et al 1972 d 1.6 0.4


d 0.48 0.12


r 0.48 0.12

Davis 1973 d 2 0.5

Laing 1975 d 40 10

Laing 1983 1.0 - 2.4 0.249 - 0.598

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 0.88 - 1.2 0.219 - 0.299

Ziemer et al 2000 d 1.1 0.27


69 Cyclohexene Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.6 0.18

70 Cyclohexylamine Van Thriel et al 2006 d 9.83 2.42

71 Cyclopentadiene Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 5 1.8

72 Decaborane Krackow 1953 0.3 0.06

73 1 - Decene Koszinowski & Piringer 1983 37 6.45

74 Diacetone Alcohol Hellman & Small 1974 d 1.3 0.27


Nagy 1991 d 60 13

Nagy 1991 d 37.418 7.88

75 Diacetyl Backman 1917 r 0.003 - 0.006 0.00085 - 0.00170

Van Anrooij 1931 d 0.0025 0.0007

Apell 1969 0.0026 0.00074

Artho & Koch 1973 0.00001 0.0000028

Punter 1975 d 0.000007 0.0000019

Punter 1979 d 0.000007 0.0000019

Hall & Andersson 1983 d 0.005 0.0014

Bahnmuller 1983 0.0007 - 0.087 0.00020 - 0.247


Blank 1990 0.015 - 0.030 0.0043 - 0.0085

Blank et al 1992 0.01 - 0.02 0.0028 - 0.0057

Nagata 2003 d 0.00018 0.000051

76 Diallylamine Hine et al 1960 8 2

77 Diborane Krackow 1953 2 - 4 1.8 - 3.5

78 2,3 Dibromo-1-Chloro-propane

Torkelson & Rowe 1981 0.1 - 0.3 0.010 - 0.031

79 Dibutylamine Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 0.42 0.079


r 1.4 0.265

Laing et al 1978 r 2.76 0.522


90




mg/m3 ppm79 Dibutylamine cont. Bahnmuller 1984 0.44 - 4.069 0.083 - 0.77

80 Dibutyl Phthalate Menshikova 1972 0.26 0.023

81 Dichloroacetic Acid Backman 1917 r 0.232 0.044

82 Dichlorobenzene, o - isomer

Backman 1917 r 0.12 0.02

Hollingsworth et al 1958 <300 <50

Punter 1983 d 4.2 0.699

83 Dichlorobenzene, p - isomer

Hollingsworth et al 1956 <90 <15

Punter 1983 d 0.73 0.121

84 Dichlorodifluoromethane Braker & Mossman 1980 988,000 199,790

85 1,1 - Dichloroethane Rylova 1953 200 49

Janicek et al 1960 5,500 1359

Irish 1963 2,000 - 4,000 494 - 988

86 1,2 Dichloroethylene, all isomers


1,100 277

87 2,4 - Dichlorophenol Punter 1983 d 0.00027 0.000041

Strube et al 2012 0.0068 0.00102

88 1,3 - Dichloropropene Torkelson & Oyen 1977 <4.5 <0.99

89 Dicyclopentadiene Kinkead et al 1971b 0.016 0.003

Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.06 0.011


Ventura et al 1997 0.001 0.00019

90 Diethanolamine England et al 1978 r 1.2 0.279

91 Diethylamine Geier 1936 d 0.01 - 0.1 0.0033 - 0.033

Geier 1936 r 2.25 - 5 0.75 - 1.67

Kosiborod 1968 0.084 0.028

Hellman & Small 1973a d 0.42 0.14

Hellman & Small 1973a r 1.5 0.5



Cormack et al 1974 0.09 0.03

Laing et al 1978 r 42.9 14.3

Tkachev 1978 0.044 - 0.558 0.015 - 0.187

Anon. 1980 d 0.09 0.03

Anon. 1980 r 0.9 0.3

Laing 1982 d 4 1.3

Nagata 2003 d 0.14 0.0468

92 2 - Diethylaminoethanol Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 0.05 0.01


r 0.19 0.04

England et al 1978 r 1.2 0.25


91




mg/m3 ppm93 Diethylbenzenes, mixed

isomersNagata 2003 d 0.052 0.0095

Nagata 2003 d 0.39 0.071

Nagata 2003 d 0.0021 0.00038

94 Diethyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 3.8 1.1

May 1966 d 33 9.4

May 1966 r 49 14


95 Diethyl Phthalate Wunsche et al 1995 d 0.33 - 3.3 0.036 - 0.363

96 Diisobutyl Ketone Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d <0.6 <0.103


r 1.8 0.309

Nagy 1991 d 9.3 1.6

97 Diisopropylamine Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.56 0.14


England et al 1978 r 17.4 4.2

98 N,N - Dimethylacetamide Leonardos et al 1969 r 170 48

99 Dimethylamine Geier 1936 d 0.65 - 1.0 0.35 - 0.54

Geier 1936 r 2.2 - 3.0 1.2 - 1.6

Taylor & Bodurtha 1960 1.1 0.6


Stephens 1971 0.16 0.087

Prusakov et al 1976 0.01 - 0.03 0.005 - 0.016

Tkachev 1978 0.03 0.016

Anon. 1980 d 0.0014 0.00076

Anon. 1980 r 0.023 0.012

Nagata 2003 d 0.059 0.032


100 Dimethylaniline Backman 1917 r 0.8 - 1.0 0.16 - 0.20

Geier 1936 d 0.005 - 0.1 0.001 - 0.02

Geier 1936 r 0.05 - 0.25 0.010 - 0.050

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.012 0.0024

101 Dimethyl Disulfide Wilby 1969 r 0.029 0.0075

Lindvall 1970 d 0.003 - 0.014 0.00078 - 0.00363

Selyuzhitskii 1972 3.5 0.908


Anon 1980 d 0.0011 - 0.0020 0.00029 - 0.00052

Anon 1980 r 0.011 - 0.017 0.00286 - 0.0044


Ahlstrom et al 1986 d 0.050 - 0.078 0.0130 - 0.0202

Nagy 1991 d 0.066 0.017

Gijs et al 2000 0.82 0.213


92




mg/m3 ppm101 Dimethyl Disulfide cont. Greenman et al 2004 5.6 1.45

Nagata 2003 d 0.0084 0.0022

102 Dimethyl Ether Nagy 1991 d 430 228

Nagy 1991 d 303.967 161

103 Dimethyl Formamide Odoshashvili 1962 0.14 0.047


104 1,1 - Dimethylhydrazine Jacobson et al 1955 d 15 - 35 6.1 - 14

Rumsey &Cesta 1970 <0.75 <0.31

105 Dimethyl Sulfide Katz & Talbert 1930 0.0094 0.0037

Nevers & Oister 1965 0.0035 0.0014

Guadagni 1966 0.003 0.0012


Wilby 1969 r 0.0063 0.0025

Lindvall 1970 d 0.002 - 0.03 0.00079 - 0.012

Laffort 1968b 0.014 0.0055


Hamanabe et al 1969 0.025 0.0098

Selyuzhitskii 1972 0.75 0.295

Ifeadi 1972 0.65 0.256

Cormack et al 1974 0.0075 0.003

Nishida et al 1975 d 0.0025 - 0.065 0.00098 - 0.026

Nishida et al 1979 d 0.16 0.063

Anon 1980 d 0.0003 0.00012

Anon 1980 r 0.0058 0.0023

Moschandreas & Jones 1983 d 0.027 0.011

Moschandreas & Jones 1983 r 0.049 0.019


Nagy 1991 d 0.051 0.020

Nagata 2003 d 0.0075 0.003

Glindemann et al 2006 d 0.001 0.00039

106 4,6 - Dinitro - o - cresol Kurtschatowa & Dawidkowa 1970

0.004 - 0.021 0.00049 - 0.00259

107 1,4 - Dioxane Wirth & Klimmer 1937 d 10 2.8

May 1966 d 620 172

May 1966 r 1000 278

Koster 1968a, 1971 d 45 - 9,400 12 - 2609



d 2.9 0.8


r 6.5 1.8


Nagy 1991 d 46 12.8


93




mg/m3 ppm108 1,3 - Dioxolane Hellman & Small 1974 d 51 16.8

Hellman & Small 1974 r 192 63.4

109 Diphenylamine Backman 1917 r 0.15 - 0.17 0.022 - 0.025

Nagy 1991 d 1.3 0.188

110 Dodecyl Mercaptan Kendall et al 1968 r 0.0008 0.000097

Patte 1978 d 0.0000009 0.00000011

Patte & Punter 1979 d 0.0000009 0.00000011

111 Epichlorohydrin Toxicity Data Sheet 1959 38 - 46 10.04 - 12.15

Fomin 1966 0.3 0.08

112 Ethane Mullins 1955 r 899,000 730973

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 25,000 20328

113 Ethanolamine Weeks et al 1960 d 6.5 2.6

Weeks et al 1960 r 60 24

114 2 - Ethoxyethanol May 1966 d 90 24

May 1966 r 180 49


d 1.1 0.3


r 2 0.54

Nagy 1991 d 11.6 3.15

Nagata 2003 d 2.1 0.57

115 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy) - ethanol


d <1.2 <0.219


r 6 1.09

116 2 - Ethoxyethyl Acetate Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 0.3 0.06


r 0.7 0.13

Nagy 1991 d 0.48 0.089

Nagata 2003 d 0.26 0.048

117 Ethyl Acetate Backman 1917 r 15 - 17.5 4.2 - 4.9

Allison & Katz 1919 686 190

Jung 1936 d 3.6 1

Jung 1936 r 3.6 - 5.4 1.0 - 1.5

Jones 1955c d 155 43

Clausen et al 1955 d 4.8 1.33

Gofmekler 1960 0.6 0.17

Janicek et al 1960 1120 311

May 1966 d 180 50

May 1966 r 270 75

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 27 7.5

Hellman & Small 1973a, 1974 d 23 6.4

Hellman & Small 1973a, 1974 r 48 13.3


94




mg/m3 ppm117 Ethyl Acetate cont. Anon. 1980 d 0.9 0.25

Anon. 1980 r 5 1.39

Bahnmuller 1983 3.7 - 25 1.027 - 6.9

Cristoph 1983 r 4.6 - 5.0 1.3 - 1.4


Scharfenberger 1990 141 39



Nagy 1991 d 28 8

Ziemer et al 2000 d 4.6 1.28

Nagata 2003 d 3.1 0.86

Higuchi & Masuda 2004 d 2.0 - 3.0 0.555 - 0.833

Komthong et al 2006 1,030 286



Ueno et al 2009 1.3 0.36

Ueno et al 2009 6.1 1.69

Ueno et al 2009 4.7 1.30

Ueno et al 2009 4.3 1.19

118 Ethyl Acrylate Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.0019 0.00046

Hellman & Small 1973a, 1974 d 0.001 0.00024

Hellman & Small 1973a, 1974 r 0.0015 0.00037

Anon. 1980 d 0.00082 0.0002

Anon. 1980 r 0.0053 0.0013

Piringer & Granzer 1984 0.001 0.00024

Nagy 1991 d 0.013 0.0032

Nagata 2003 d 0.0011 0.00026

Van Thriel et al 2006 d 0.000027 0.0000066

119 Ethyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 250 133

Parker & Stabler 1913 r 17 9

Backman 1917 r 175 - 200 93 - 106

Grijns 1919 2,600 1380

Zwaardemaker 1927 2,600 1380

Henning 1924 d 183 97

Jung 1936 d 7.8 4.1

Jung 1936 r 11.7 - 14 6.2 - 7.4

Balavoine 1943 10,000 5,307

Mullins 1955 r 9,230 4,898



Naus 1962 d 2 1.1

Pliska & Janicek 1965 76,000 40,334

Ubaidullaev 1966b 7.1 3.77


95




mg/m3 ppm119 Ethyl Alcohol cont. Guadagni 1966 100 53

May 1966 d 93 49

May 1966 r 190 101



Dravnieks 1974 d 1,350 716

Nishida et al 1979 d 302 159

Anon. 1980 d 0.64 0.34

Anon. 1980 r 11.6 6.2

Naus 1982 d 2 1.06

Naus 1982 r 20 10.61

Cristoph 1983 r 8.7 - 9.2 4.6 - 4.9

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 154 82



Nagy 1991 d 36 19

Nagata 2003 d 0.99 0.525

Cain et al 2005 d 0.17 0.09


d 0.62 0.329

120 Ethylamine Tkachev 1969 0.05 0.027



Laing et al 1978 r 6.5 3.5

Nagata 2003 d 0.083 0.045

121 Ethyl Amyl Ketone Toxicity Data Sheet 1958b 31 5.9

122 Ethyl Benzene Ivanov 1964 2 - 2.6 0.46 - 0.60

Koster 1971 d 0.4 0.092

Nagy 1991 d 1.9 0.44

Khiari et al 0992 <0.01 <0.002

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 78.3 18

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1994 d 78.3 18

Nagata 2003 d 0.73 0.17


d 0.026 0.006

123 Ethyl Bromide Backman 1917 12.1 - 16 2.7 - 3.6

124 Ethyl Chloride Backman 1917 r 10 - 12 3.8 - 4.5

Nagy 1991 d >1000 >379

125 Ethylene Mullins 1955 r 1,180 1,029

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 125 109

Krasovitskaya & Malyarova 1968

20 17

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 1,100 959


96




mg/m3 ppm125 Ethylene cont. Hellman & Small 1974 d 310 270


126 Ethylene Chlorohydrin Semenova et al 1980 1.2 0.36

127 Ethylenediamine Hellman & Small 1974 d 3.2 1.3

128 Ethylene Dibromide Olmstead 1972 r <77 <10

129 Ethylene Dichloride McCawley 1942 1,200 - 4,000 297 - 988

Jones 1955c d 1,500 371

Borisova 1957 17.5 - 23.2 4.3 - 5.7


Irish 1963 200 49

May 1966 d 450 111

May 1966 r 750 185


Hellman & Small 1974 d 25 6


Kleinschmidt 1983 r 350 86

130 Ethylene Glycol Nagy 1991 d 13 5.12

131 Ethyleneimine Carpenter et al 1948 3.6 2

Berzins 1967 1.25 - 3.5 0.71 - 1.99

132 Ethylene Oxide Jacobson et al 1956 d 1,260 690

Yuldashev 1965 1.5 0.82



133 Ethyl Ether Passy 1892a,b,d d 0.5 - 4 0.165 - 1.32

Allison & Katz 1919 5,833 1,924

Grijns 1919 <50 <16.49

Henning 1924 d 0.75 0.25


Jung 1936 d 35 12

Jung 1936 r 35 12


Flemming & Johnstone 1977 r 4.8 1.58

Nagy 1991 d 0.95 0.31

134 Ethyl Formate Backman 1917 r 54 - 61 18 - 20

Nagata 2003 d 8.1 2.67

Van Thriel et al 2006 d 90.9 30

135 Ethylidene Norbomene Kinkead et al 1971a 0.035 - 0.07 0.007 - 0.014



136 Ethyl Mercaptan Allison & Katz 1919 46 18

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.00066 - 0.0076 0.00026 - 0.0030

Thomas et al 1943 0.005 0.002

Stuiver 1958 d 0.0001 0.0004


97




mg/m3 ppm136 Ethyl Mercaptan

cont.Sales 1958 0.0025 - 0.0045 0.00098 - 0.0018

Blinova 1965 0.006 - 0.03 0.002 - 0.01

Endo et al 1967 0.00065 0.00026

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.0025 0.0098

Wilby 1969 r 0.001 0.0004

Blanchard 1976 0.016 0.0063

Selyuzhitskii et al 1978 0.000095 0.000037

Whisman et al 1978 d 0.00025 - 0.0005 0.000098 -

0.00020


Anon 1980 d 0.000043 0.000017

Anon 1980 r 0.00073 0.00029

Cristoph 1983 r 0.0008 - 0.0009 0.00031 - 0.00035

Stevens et al 1987 0.0019 - 0.021 0.00075 - 0.00826

Stevens & Cain 1987b d 0.0019 - 0.021 0.00075 - 0.00826

Nagata 2003 d 0.000022 0.0000087

137 N - Ethylmorpholine Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.4 0.085


138 Ethyl Silicate Smyth & Seaton 1940 d <720 <85



139 Fluorine Belles et al 1965 0.15 - 0.30 0.097 - 0.19

140 Formaldehyde Backman 1917 r 0.033 - 0.036 0.027 - 0.029

Melekhina 1958 0.07 0.057

Buchberg et al 1961 1.1 - 2.2 0.90 - 1.8

Pliska & Janicek 1965 12,000 9,770

Sgibnev 1968 0.3 - 0.4 0.24 - 0.33


Feldman & Bonashevskya 1971

0.073 0.059

Takhirov 1974 0.065 0.053

Makeicheva 1978 0.077 0.063

Anon. 1980 d 0.49 0.4

Anon. 1980 r 2.3 1.9

Berglund et al 1984 d 0.06 0.049

Ahstrom et al 1986b d 0.06 0.049

Berglund et al 1987 d 0.14 - 0.21 0.114 - 0.171

Winneke et al 1988 0.15 - 0.29 0.122 - 0.236

Nagy 1991 d 2.2 1.8

Berglund & Nordin 1992 d 0.066 - 0.11 0.054 - 0.09

Berglund & Esfandabad 1992 0.18 0.15


Nagata 2003 d 0.6 0.49


98




mg/m3 ppm141 Formic Acid Passy 1893b, 1893c d 25 - 50 13 - 27

Zwaardemaker 1914 d 640 340

Backman 1917 r 21 - 24 11 - 13

Schley 1934 3.0 - 6.0 1.6 - 3.2

Guadagni 1966 450 239

Naus 1982 d 2 1.06

Naus 1982 r 20 10.63

Kleinschmidt 1983 r 453 241

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998a 14.5 7.7




d 0.98 0.52

142 Furan Nagata 2003 d 28 10.06

143 Furfural Ubaidullaev 1961 1 0.254

Apell 1969 0.008 0.002

Makeicheva 1978 0.98 0.249


Nagy 1991 d 2.8 0.713

144 Furfuryl Alcohol Jacobson et al 1958 d 32 8

145 Glutaraldehyde Colwell 1976 r 0.16 0.039

Cain et al 2007b d 0.0015 0.00037

146 Halothane Flemming & Johnstone 1977 r 267 33

147 Heptane, all isomers Patty & Yant 1929 410 100

Mullins 1955 r 2,240 547

Jones 1955c d 750 183

May 1966 d 930 227

May 1966 r 1,350 329



Dravnieks 1974 d 3,000 732

Nagy 1991 d 110 27

Nagata 2003 d 2.7 0.66

Nagata 2003 d 1.7 0.41

Nagata 2003 d 3.4 0.83

Nagata 2003 d 156 38

Nagata 2003 d 18 4.39

Nagata 2003 d 3.9 0.95

148 Hexachlorocyclopenta-diene

Treon et al 1955 1.7 0.15

149 1,6 Hexamethylene Diisocyanate

Kimmerle 1971 0.035 - 0.07 0.005 - 0.010


99




mg/m3 ppm150 n - Hexane Patty & Yant 1929 875 248


De Wijk 1989 107 30

Nagata 2003 d 5.3 1.5

151 Hexane, all isomers, except n - Hexane

Nagata 2003 d 5.8 1.68

Nagata 2003 d 25 7

Nagata 2003 d 31 9

Nagata 2003 d 70 20

Nagata 2003 d 1.5 0.426

152 1,6 - Hexanediamine Kulakov 1964 0.0032 0.00067

153 1 - Hexene Nagata 2003 d 0.48 0.139

154 sec - Hexyl Acetate Stone et al 1972 d 2.3 0.39

Hellman & Small 1974 d <0.4 <0.068


155 n - Hexyl Alcohol Backman 1917 r 1.0 - 1.3 0.24 - 0.31

Mullins 1955 r 9.94 2.38

Pliska 1962 65 16

Cain 1969 r 3.5 0.837

Stone et al 1972 d 1.5 0.359


Dravnieks 1974 d 0.3 0.072


Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.38 0.091

Punter 1983 d 1.93 0.46

Cristoph 1983 r 0.10 - 0.15 0.024 - 0.036

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 d 4 0.96

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 4 0.96

Ferreira et al 1998 0.74 0.18

Nagata 2003 d 0.025 0.006

Komthong et al 2006 12.3 2.9


d 0.034 0.0081

156 Hexylene Glycol Nagy 1991 d 19 3.93

157 Hydrazine Jacobson et al 1955 d 3.9 - 5.2 3.0 - 4.0

Jacobson et al 1958 d 5.2 4

158 Hydrogen Chloride Schley 1934 4.5 3.02

Elfimova 1959 0.1 - 0.2 0.067 - 0.134

Heyroth 1963 d 1.5 - 7.5 1.01 - 5.03

Styazhkin 1963 0.2 0.134

Melekhina 1968 d 0.39 0.262


Takhirov 1974 0.38 0.255


100




mg/m3 ppm158 Hydrogen Chloride cont. Naus 1982 d 7 4.69

Naus 1982 r 15 10


159 Hydrogen Cyanide Sherrard 1928 6 5.43

Smolczyk & Cobler 1930 <1.1 <1

Prentiss 1937 1 0.905

Artho & Koch 1973 0.01 - 0.1 0.009 - 0.09

Braker & Mossman 1980 r 2.2 - 5.6 1.99 - 5.07

160 Hydrogen Fluoride Sadilova 1968 0.03 0.04

161 Hydrogen Selenide Dudley & Miller 1941 <1 <0.3

162 Hydrogen Sulfide Valentin 1848, 1850 2 1.4

Lehmann 1897 <2 <1.4

Kulka & Homma 1910 0.2 - 0.3 0.14 - 0.22

Henderson & Haggard 1922 <0.001 <0.00072

Henning 1924 d 0.0001 0.00007

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.18 0.13

Thomas et al 1943 0.035 0.025

Loginova 1957 0.04 0.029

Duan - Fen - Djuy 1959 0.012 - 0.03 0.0086 - 0.022

Sanders & Dechant 1961 0.04 - 0.10 0.029 - 0.072

Baikov 1963 0.014 - 0.03 0.010 - 0.022

Young & Adams 1966 d 0.008 - 0.011 0.0057 - 0.0079

Cederlof et al 1966 d 0.01 0.0072

Sakuma et al 1967 0.007 0.005

Endo et al 1967 1.4 1

Basmadzhieva & Argirova 1968

0.012 0.0086

Adams et al 1968 d 0.0047 - 0.0090 0.0034 - 0.0065

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.00066 - 0.0066 0.00047 - 0.0047

Pomeroy & Cruse 1969 0.0042 - 0.042 0.003 - 0.030

Wilby 1969 r 0.0063 0.0045

Lindvall 1970 d 0.00021 - 0.0016 0.00015 - 0.0017

Stephens 1971 0.067 0.048

Randebrock 1971 0.012 0.0086

Nishida et al 1975 d 0.0014 - 0.055 0.0010 - 0.039

Winkler 1975 d 0.003 0.0022

Winkler 1975 r 0.03 0.022

Hill & Barth 1976 0.0007 0.0005

Williams et al 1977 d 0.27 0.019

Logtenberg 1978 d 0.002 0.0014

Nishida et al 1979 d 0.074 0.053

Winneke et al 1979 d 0.00265 0.0019

Thiele 1979 d 0.0016 0.0011


101




mg/m3 ppm162 Hydrogen Sulfide cont. Bedborough & Trott 1979 d 0.0036 0.0026

Brunekreef & Harssema 1980 0.0011 - 0.0024 0.00079 - 0.0017

Anon. 1980 d 0.0007 0.0005

Anon. 1980 r 0.0078 0.0056

Thiele et al 1981 0.0013 - 0.0053 0.00093 - 0.0038

Thiele 1982 0.0028 0.062

Naus 1982 d 0.1 0.072

Naus 1982 r 5 3.6

Jensen & Flyger 1983 0.0038 - 0.0067 0.0027 - 0.0048

Kobal & Thiele 1983 0.0022 0.0016

Bahmuller 1983 0.0014 - 0.023 0.001 - 0.017

Moriguchi et al 1983 d 0.0007 0.0005

Bahmuller 1984 0.0012 - 0.0073 0.00086 - 0.0052

Thiele 1984 0.0018 0.0013

Roos et al 1985 d 0.00085 - 0.00105 0.00061 - 0.00075

Roos et al 1985 d 0.0004 - 0.00043 0.00029 - 0.00031

Don 1986 d 0.0004 - 0.00043 0.00029 - 0.00031

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.0004 - 0.00043 0.00029 - 0.00031

Randebrock 1986 0.0096 0.0069

Heeres et al 1986 0.0004 - 0.0052 0.00029 - 0.0037

Dollnick et al 1988 0.00166 0.0012

Winneke et al 1988 0.0015 - 0.0026 0.0011 - 0.0019

Hermans 19890.000056 - 0.001545

0.00004 - 0.0011

Nagy 1991 d 0.0055 0.0039

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.0007 0.0005

Lotsch et al 1997 0.14 - 2.8 0.10 - 2

Mannebeck & Mannebeck 2002

d0.000491 - 0.000946

0.00035 - 0.00068

Nagata 2003 d 0.00057 0.00041

Greenman et al 2004 0.022 0.0157

McGinely & McGinley 2004 0.00070 - 0.003 0.0005 - 0.0022

McGinely & McGinley 2004 r 0.00064 - 0.0013 0.00046 - 0.00093

McGinely & McGinley 2004 d 0.00057 - 0.00142 0.00041 - 0.0010

McGinely & McGinley 2004 r 0.00071 - 0.0032 0.00051 - 0.0023

Glindemann et al 2006 d 0.001 0.00072

Ueno et al 2009 0.00045 0.00032

Ueno et al 2009 0.0018 0.013

163 Indene Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.02 0.0042


164 Iodine Randebrock 1986 10.1 0.973

165 Iodoform Passy 1893a d 0.06 - 0.7 0.0037 - 0.043

Berthelot 1901 0.0003 - 0.03 0.000019 - 0.0019


102




mg/m3 ppm165 Iodoform cont. Backman 1917 r 0.095 0.0059


Zwaardemaker 1927 0.03 0.0019

Cancho et al 2001 <0.14 <0.0087

166 Isoamyl Acetate Hermanides 1909 r 0.09 0.017

Zwaardemaker 1914 d 0.09 0.017

Backman 1917 r 0.18 - 0.29 0.034 - 0.054

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.018 0.0034

Jung 1936 d 0.20 0.038

Jung 1936 r 0.2 0.038

Kerka & Humphreys 1956 0.2 0.038


Appell 1969 0.004 0.00075

Nishida et al 1979 d 1,100 209

Punter 1983 d 0.070 - 0.084 0.013 - 0.016

Cristoph 1983 r 0.015 - 0.02 0.0028 - 0.0038

Don 1986 d 0.075 0.014

Lea & Ford 1991 0.5 0.094

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 0.13 - 0.14 0.024 - 0.026

Hoshika et al 1997 r 8 1.5

Langridge 2004 0.2289 0.043

Langridge 2004 0.0107 0.002

Atanasova et al 2005 d 0.018 - 0.919 0.0034 - 0.173

Atanasova et al 2005 r 0.067 - 0.918 0.013 - 0.172

Komthong et al 2006 1,950 366

167 Isoamyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 0.1 0.028

Backman 1917 r 0.26 0.072

Jung 1936 d 0.08 0.022

Jung 1936 r 0.16 0.044

Bahmuller 1983 0.019 - 0.547 0.0053 - 0.1517

Bahmuller 1984 0.030 - 0.16 0.0083 - 0.0444

Dollnick et al 1988 0.116 0.032

Guth 1997 0.125 0.035

Guth 1997 6.3 1.75

Ferreira et al 1998 2.8 0.777

Nagata 2003 d 0.0061 0.00169

168 Isobutyl Acetate Backman 1917 r 1.9 - 2.1 0.40 - 0.44

May 1966 d 17 3.6

May 1966 r 34 7.2



Cristoph 1983 r 0.42 - 0.52 0.088 - 0.109

Nagata 2003 d 0.038 0.008

Komthong et al 2006 21.1 - 612 4.4 - 129


103




mg/m3 ppm169 Isobutyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 1 0.33


Backman 1917 r 0.2 - 0.4 0.066 - 0.13

Jones 1955c r 31 10

May 1966 d 120 40

May 1966 r 160 53



d 2 0.66


r 5.4 1.8

Anon. 1980 d 0.036 0.012

Anon. 1980 r 0.66 0.218

Punter 1983 d 3.8 - 8.1 1.25 - 2.67

Cristoph 1983 r 0.7 - 1.0 0.23 - 0.33

Nagy 1991 d 2.64 0.87

Nagy 1991 d 1.73 0.57

Guth 1997 0.64 0.21

Guth 1997 200 66

Nagata 2003 d 0.033 0.011

170 Isobutyraldehyde Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 0.14 0.0475


r 0.41 0.139

Amoore 1977 d 0.015 0.0051

Hendriks 304 d 0.022 0.0075

Nagata 2003 d 0.001 0.00034

171 Isooctyl Alcohol Tsulaya et al 1972 0.26 0.049

Nagata 2003 d 0.049 0.0092

172 Isophorone Hellman & Small 1974 d 1.1 0.19


Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.0017 0.0003

173 Isoprene Artho & Koch 1973 1 - 10 0.359 - 3.59

Nagata 2003 d 0.13 0.047

174 Isopropyl Acetate Backman 1917 r 27 - 33 6.5 - 7.9

Jung 1936 d 1.9 0.45

Jung 1936 r 1.9 - 2.9 0.45 - 0.69

May 1966 d 140 34

May 1966 r 170 41




Nagy 1991 d 9.4 2.25

Nagata 2003 d 0.67 0.16


104




mg/m3 ppm175 Isopropyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 40 16

Backman 1917 r 18 - 24 7.3 - 9.8

Jung 1936 d 3.9 - 32.4 1.6 - 13.2

Jung 1936 r 7.8 - 31.2 3.2 - 12.7


Cheesman & Kirkby 1959 d 43 - 290 17 - 118

May 1966 d 90 37

May 1966 r 120 49

Gorlova 1970 2.5 1

Koster 1968a, 1971 d 64 - 5,400 26 - 2,197


Dravnieks 1974 d 1,500 610




Nagy 1991 d 180 73

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1993 1,245 507

Cometto - Muniz 1993, 1999 d 1,245 507

Smith & Duffy 1995 d 103 42

Smith & Duffy 1965 r 228 93

Smeets & Dalton 2002 d 28 - 98 11 - 40

Nagata 2003 d 65 26

176 Isopropyl amine Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.5 0.21


Nagata 2003 d 0.06 0.025

177 Isopropyl Ether Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.07 0.017

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.22 0.053

178 d-Limonene Fuller et al 1964 r 0.058 0.01

Apell 1969 0.01 0.0018

Dravnieks et al 1986 d 1.7 0.31

Nagata 2003 d 0.21 0.04

Langridge 2004 1.6878 0.3

Langridge 2004 0.0539 0.01

179 Maleic Anhydride Grigorieva 1964 1.0 - 1.3 0.25 - 0.32

180 Mercaptoethanol Vermeulen & Collin 2006 0.24 0.075

181 Mesityl Oxide Toxicity Data Sheet 1957 48 12

Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.07 0.017


182 Methacrylic Acid Piringer & Granzer 1984 10 2.84

Nagy 1991 d 1.9 0.54

183 Methacrylonitrile Pozzani et al 1968 d 19 6.9

Nagata 2003 d 8.1 2.95

184 Methane Laffort & Gortan 1987 1,900,000 2,896,197


105




mg/m3 ppm185 2 - Methoxyethanol May 1966 d 190 61

May 1966 r 280 90


d <0.3 <0.096


r 0.7 0.22

186 2 - Methoxyethyl Acetate Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 1.6 0.33


r 3.1 0.64

187 1 - Methoxy - 2 - Propanol Stewart et al 1970 d 37 10

Nagy 1991 d 121 33

Nagy 1991 d 30.908 8.39

188 1-Methoxy-2-Propyl Acetate

Nagy 1991 d 0.7 0.13

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.016 0.0029

189 Methyl Acetate Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 2 0.66

Backman 1917 r 67 22

Gofmekler 1960 0.5 0.17

Janicek et al 1960 5250 1733

Naus 1962 d 0.7 0.231

May 1966 d 550 182

May 1966 r 900 297

Anon. 1980 d 22 7.3

Anon. 1980 r 63 20.8


Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1991 8,628 2,848

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 8,628 2,848

Nagata 2003 d 5.1 1.68

190 Methyl Acrylate Bezpalkova 1967a, b 0.017 0.0048

Anon. 1980 d 0.01 0.003

Anon. 1980 r 0.06 0.020

Bahnmuller 1984 0.015 - 0.088 0.004 - 0.025

Priinger & Granzer 1984 0.05 0.0142

Nagy 1991 d 0.061 0.0173

Nagata 2003 d 0.012 0.0034

191 Methyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 1,000 764


Backman 1917 r 900 - 1,000 687 - 763

Grijns 1919 2,150 1,643

Zwaardemaker 1927 2,150 1,643

Jung 1936 d 23.4 - 54.6 17.9 - 41.7

Jung 1936 r 54.6 - 62.4 41.7 - 47.7

Gavaudan et al 1948 150 115

Mullins 1955 r 19,300 14,746


106




mg/m3 ppm191 Methyl Alcohol cont. Scherberger et al 1958 r 1,950 1,490

Chao - Chen - Tzi 1959 4.3 3.3

Janicek et al 1960 4,000 3,056

Pliska & Janicek 1965 260,000 198,656

May 1966 d 7,800 5,960

May 1966 r 11700 8,940

Ubaidullaev 1966a 4.5 3.4




Anon. 1980 d 74 57

Anon. 1980 r 260 199

Naus 1982 d 4 3.05

Naus 1982 r 10 7.63

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 d 2,096 1,599

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 2,096 1,599

Scharfenberger 1990 1,975 1,507

Nagata 2003 d 43 33

192 Methylamine Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.027 0.021

Nishida et al 1975 d 0.065 0.0512

Nishida et al 1979 d 6.1 4.8

Anon. 1980 d 0.0012 0.0009

Anon. 1980 r 0.012 0.009

Hill & Barth 1976 0.027 0.021

Nagy 1991 d 0.23 0.18

Nagata 2003 d 0.046 0.036

193 Methyl n - Amyl Ketone Stone et al 1962 d 0.9 0.19

Pangborn et al 1964 d 0.82 0.18



Nagy 1991 d 1.2 0.26

Nagy 1991 d 0.398 0.085




Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.045 0.01

Nagata 2003 d 0.032 0.007


Cain et al 2008 d 0.062 0.013



d 0.023 0.0049

Yang et al 2008 0.0035 0.00075


107




mg/m3 ppm194 N - Methyl Aniline Backman 1917 r 6.9 - 8.6 1.6 - 2.0

195 2 - Methylbutyl Acetate Cristoph 1983 r 0.14 - 0.21 0.026 - 0.039

196 Methyl tert Butyl Ether Smith & Duffy 1995 d 0.11 0.03

Smith & Duffy 1995 r 0.22 0.06

Prah et al 1994 d 0.63 0.17

Schulman 2001 d 0.63 0.17

197 Methyl n - Butyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 0.28 - 0.35 0.068 - 0.085


Nagata 2003 d 0.098 0.024

198 Methyl Chloride Leonardos et al 1969 r >21 >10

199 Methyl Chloroform Scherberger et al 1958 r 1,650 302

May 1966 d 2,100 385

May 1966 r 3,900 715

Kendall et al 1968 r 88 16

Don 1986 d 5.3 0.97

200 Methyl - 2 - Cyanoacrylate McGee et al 1968 4.5 - 13.5 0.99 - 2.97

201 Methyl Cyclohexane Nagata 2003 d 0.6 0.149

202 2 - Methyl Cyclohexanone Van Thriel et al 2006 d 0.83 0.181

203 Methylene Bisphenyl Isocyanate

Woolrich 1982 4 0.39

204 Methylene Chloride Lehmann & Schmidt - Kehl 1936

1,100 317

Scherberger et al 1958 r 1,530 440

May 1966 d 550 158

May 1966 r 790 227


Basmadshijewa et al 1970 d 4.1 - 33.2 1.2 - 9.6

Don 1986 d 640 184

Nagata 2003 d 560 161

205 Methyl Ethyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 63 - 70 21 - 24

May 1966 d 80 27

May 1966 r 163 55


Hartung et al1971 7 2.4

Mukhitov & Azimbekov 1971 0.75 0.25


Artho & Koch 1973 100 - 1,000 34 - 339


Hellman & Small 1974 d 5.8 2


Anon. 1980 d 8.4 2.8

Anon. 1980 r 29 9.8

Hall & Andersson 1983 d 61 21

Doty et al 1988 d 16.5 - 23.9 5.6 - 8.1


108




mg/m3 ppm205 Methyl Ethyl Ketone cont. Scharfenberger 1990 126 43

Doty 1991 d 2.9 - 51.6 0.983 - 17.5

Nagy 1991 d 4.8 1.63

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.21 0.07

Nagata 2003 d 1.3 0.44

206 Methyl Formate Backman 1917 r 165 - 180 67 - 73

May 1966 d 5,000 2,035

May 1966 r 6,900 2,809

Nagata 2003 d 325 132

207 Methyl Hydrazine Jacobson et al 1955 1.9 - 5.7 1 - 3

208 Methyl Isoamyl Ketone Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.06 0.013

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.23 0.049

Nagy 1911 d 0.63 0.135

Nagata 2003 d 0.0099 0.0021

209 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 0.6 - 0.8 0.15 - 0.2

Middleton 1956 r 1.9 0.46

May 1966 d 32 7.8

May 1966 r 64 16

Stone et al 1967b, 1972 d 0.97 - 9.7 0.24 - 2.4

Steinmetz et al 1969 d 1.21 0.3




Anon. 1980 d 0.7 0.17

Anon. 1980 r 2.8 0.68

Dravnieks et al 1986 d 0.14 0.03

Nagy 1911 d 6.3 1.54

Dalton et al 2000 d 41 10.00

Ziemer et al 2000 d 1.1 0.27

Nagata 2003 d 0.7 0.17

210 Methyl Isocyanate Kimmerle & Eben 1964 5 2.14

211 Methyl Isopropyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 15 - 17 4.3 - 4.8

Nagata 2003 d 1.8 0.51

212 Methyl Mercaptan Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.081 0.041

Bozza & Colombo 1949 1 0.51

Freudenberg & Reichert 1955 0.0005 0.00025

Guadagni 1966 0.0002 0.0001

Endo et al 1967 1.1 0.56

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.0042 0.0021

Wilby 1969 r 0.002 0.001

Hamanabe et al 1969 0.0002 0.0001

Sanders et al1970 0.0019 0.00097

Selyuzhitskii 1972 0.0005 0.00025


109




mg/m3 ppm212 Methyl Mercaptan cont. Artho & Koch 1973 0.000000000001 0.00000000000051

Blanchard 1976 0.003 0.0015

Williams et al 1977 d 0.0000003 0.0000002

Nishida et al 1979 d 0.038 0.019


Anon. 1980 d 0.00024 0.00012

Anon. 1980 r 0.0013 0.00066

Nagy 1991 d 0.0024 0.0012

Nagata 2003 d 0.00014 0.000071

Greenman et al 2004 0.00048 0.00024

Clindemann et al 2006 d 0.001 0.00051

213 Methyl Methacrylate Filatova 1962 0.2 0.049



d 0.2 0.049


r 1.4 0.34

Holland 1974 0.057 0.014

Anon. 1980 d 0.62 0.15

Anon. 1980 r 1.9 0.46

Piringer & Granzer 1984 0.7 0.17

Nagy 1991 d 2.7 0.66

Nagata 2003 d 0.86 0.21

214 2 - Methylnaphthalene Moriguchi et al 1983 d 0.004 0.00069

215 Methyl Parathion Akhmedov 1968 0.0125 0.0012

216 4 - Methyl - 2 - Pentanol Hellman & Small 1974 d 1.4 0.335


217 Methyl Propyl Ketone Backman 1917 r 11 - 15 3.1 - 4.3

May 1966 d 27 7.7

May 1966 r 48 13.6

Hall & Andersson 1983 d 22 6.24

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 6.7 - 8.3 1.9 - 2.4




Nagata 2003 d 0.098 0.028

Komthong et al 2006 230 65



d 0.35 0.099

218 1 - Methyl - 2 - Pyrrolidone Nagy 1991 d 41 10

Nagy 1991 d 17.113 4.22


110




mg/m3 ppm219 Methyl Styrene Wolf et al 1956 48 - 240 9.9 - 49.7

Minaev 1966 0.1 0.02



Nagy 1991 d 2.2 0.46

220 Methyl Vinyl Ketone Martirosyan 1970 0.5 0.174

221 Monochloroacetic Acid Backman 1917 r 0.6 0.155

Smith & Hochstettler 1969 r 0.05 0.013

222 Morpholine Hellman & Small 1973a,b, 1974

d 0.04 0.01


r 0.25 0.07

223 Naphthalene Backman 1917 r 0.05 - 0.055 0.0095 - 0.0105

Mitsumoto 1926 r 4.0 - 4.4 0.76 - 0.84

Hesse 1928 r 0.3 0.057

Morimura 1934 r 3.37 - 5.34 0.64 - 1.02

Robbins 1951 <1.6 <0.31

Punter 1983 d 0.2 0.038


Savenhed et al 1985 d 0.01 - 0.04 0.0019 - 0.0076

Nagy 1991 d 0.45 0.086

224 1 - Naphthylamine Backman 1917 0.14 - 0.29 0.024 - 0.050

225 2 - Naphthylamine Backman 1917 r 1.4 - 1.9 0.24 - 0.32

226 Nickel Carbonyl Armit 1907 3.5 0.5

Kincaid 1956 7 - 21 1.0 - 3.0

227 Nicotine Walker et al 1996 0.066 0.0099

228 Nitric Acid Melekhina 1968 d 0.7 0.27

229 Nitrobenzene Hermanides 1909 r 0.0412 0.0082

Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 0.04 - 0.041 0.0079 - 0.0081

Backman 1917 r 0.34 - 0.70 0.068 - 0.14


Henning 1924 d 0.0065 0.0013

Katz & Talbert 1930 d 9.6 1.9

Van Anrooij 1931 d 0.019 0.0038


Andrcescheva 1964 0.0182 0.0036



Randebrock 1971 0.002 0.0004

Ozturk 1976 d 0.363 0.072

Naus 1982 d 0.2 0.04

Naus 1982 r 20 3.97

Randebrock 1986 0.0053 0.0011


111




mg/m3 ppm230 Nitrogen Dioxide Beck 1959 0.2 - 1.0 0.1 - 0.5

Henschler et al 1960 d 0.2 - 1.0 0.1 - 0.5

Shalamberidze 1967 0.23 0.12

Rumsey & Cesta 1970 <1 <0.5

Knuth 1973 0.11 0.058

Prusakov et al 1976 0.2 - 0.26 0.11 - 0.14

Braker & Mossman 1980 <9.4 <5

Nagata 2003 0.23 0.12

231 Nitromethane Nagy 1991 d 124 50

232 1 - Nitropropane Dravnieks 1974 d 510 140


233 2 - Nitropropane Treon & Dutra 1952 297 - 1,050 82 - 288

Hine et al 1978 r 580 159

Crawford et al 1984 d 18 4.94

234 N - Nitrosodimethyl Amine

Prusakov et al 1976 0.024 - 0.04 0.0079 - 0.013

235 Nonane Mullins 1955 r 108 21


Nagata 2003 d 12 2.3

236 Octane, all isomers Jones 1955c d 550 118

May 1966 d 710 152

May 1966 r 1,100 235


Nagy 1991 d 61.8 13

Nagy 1991 d 90.102 19

Nagata 2003 d 8 1.71

Nagata 2003 d 3.1 0.66

237 1 - Octanol Backman 1917 r 0.005 - 0.008 0.0009 - 0.0015

Rcoen 1920 r 0.005 0.0009

Gavaudan et al 1948 0.02 0.0038

Mullins 1955 r 5.44 1.02

Pliska & Janicek 1960 0.14 0.026

Pliska 1962 9 1.69

Stone et al 1967 d 0.05 0.009

Cain 1969 r 0.5 0.09

Punter 1983 d 0.73 0.137

Cristoph 1983 r 0.03 - 0.05 0.0056 - 0.009


Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 0.037 0.0069

Nagata 2003 d 0.014 0.0026

Commetto - Muniz & Abraham 2008

d 0.023 0.0043

Yang et al 2008 0.022 0.0041


112




mg/m3 ppm238 1 - Octene Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 0.33 0.07


Kosinowski & Piringer 1983 37 8.06



Nagata 2003 d 0.0046 0.001

239 Oxygen Difluoride Lester & Adams 1965 0.22 0.0996

240 Ozone Witheridge & Yaglou 1939 0.02 - 0.03 0.010 - 0.015

Wilska 1951 <0.2 <0.10

Beck 1959 <0.04 <0.02

Henschler et al 1960 <0.04 <0.020

Buchberg et al 1961 0.07 - 0.5 0.036 - 0.25

Eglite 1968 0.015 0.0076

Nagata 2003 d 0.0064 0.0033

Cain et al 2007a d 0.014 0.0071

241 Pentaborane Krackow 1963 2.5 0.97

242 Pentane, all isomers Patty & Yant 1929 1450 491

Mullins 1955 r 3,090 1,147


Nagata 2003 d 4.1 1.39

Nagata 2003 d 3.8 1.29

243 2,4 - Pentanedione Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.04 0.0098

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.08 0.0195

244 Pentanol, all isomers Backman 1917 r 1.0 - 1.2 0.28 - 0.33


Jung 1936 d 0.4 - 0.81 0.11 - 0.22

Jung 1936 r 1.62 0.45


Naus 1962 d 4 1.11

Pliska & Janicek 1965 1,100 305


May 1966 d 35 9.71

May 1966 r 80 22.00

Stone et al 1972 d 1.2 0.33

Baikov et al 1973 0.1 0.028



Naus 1982 d 4 1.11

Naus 1982 r 30 8.32

Punter 1983 d 2 0.55

Cristoph 1983 r 1.0 - 1.1 0.28 - 0.30

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 d 5 1.39

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 5 1.39


113




mg/m3 ppm244 Pentanol, all isomers

cont.Lindell 1991 d 1.3 0.36

Ziemer et al 2000 d 0.02 0.0055

Nagata 2003 d 0.36 0.10

Yang et al 2008 0.153 0.04

Nagata 2003 d 1 0.28

Passy 1892c d 20 - 40 5.5 - 11

Backman 1917 r 2.0 - 3.0 0.55 - 0.83

Nagata 2003 d 0.32 0.089

Backman 1917 r 1.4 - 1.7 0.39 - 0.47


d 0.14 0.039


r 0.83 0.23

Cristoph 1983 r 0.9 - 1.0 0.25 - 0.28


Nagata 2003 d 1 0.28

245 Perchloroethylene Carpenter 1937 <340 <50

May 1966 d 320 47

May 1966 r 480 71


Anon. 1980 d 12 2

Anon. 1980 r 55 8

Torkelson & Rowe 1981 340 50

Don 1986 d 8.1 - 8.3 1.19 - 1.22

Hoshika et al 1993 d 8.1 - 8.3 1.19 - 1.22

Hoshika et al 1993 d 12 2

Nagata 2003 d 5.2 0.767

246 Perchloryl Fluoride Braker & Mossman 1980 42 14.58

247 Phenol Grijns 1906 2.2 - 6.8 0.57 - 1.8

Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 4 1

Backman 1917 r 0.13 - 0.26 0.034 - 0.068

Henning 1924 d 1.2 0.31

Mukhitov 1962, 1963 0.022 0.0057

Itskovich & Vinogradova 1962

3 0.78

Pogosyan 1965 0.022 0.0057

Komeev 1965 0.0172 0.0045

Makhinya 1966 0.022 0.0057

Basmadzhieva & Argirova 1968

0.021 0.0055


Takhirov 1974 0.022 0.0057

Punter 1975, 1979 d 0.8 0.21

Makeicheva 1978 0.027 0.007


114




mg/m3 ppm247 Phenol cont. Anon. 1980 d 0.046 0.012

Anon. 1980 r 0.22 0.057

Naus 1982 d 0.2 0.2

Naus 1982 r 20 20

Punter 1983 d 0.23 0.06


Kohler & Homans 1980 5.8 - 7.5 1.51 - 1.95

Homans 1984 5.8 - 7.5 1.51 - 1.95

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.039 0.010

Don 1986 d 0.039 0.010

Nagy 1991 d 0.5 0.130

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.046 0.012

Nagata 2003 d 0.021 0.0055

248 Phenyl Mercaptan Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.0012 0.00027

Stuiver 1958 d 0.00014 0.00003

249 Phosgene Fieldner et al 1921 23 5.7

Suchier 1929 4 1

Schley 1934 d 0.5 0.12

Schley 1934 r 0.5 - 1 0.12 - 0.25

Prentiss 1937 4.4 1.09

Patty 1962c 2 0.49

Leonardos et al 1 969 r 4 1

250 Phosphine Valentin 1848 1.4 1

Valentin 1850 0.13 0.094

Singh et al 1967 d 7 5

Berck 1968 r <2 <1.4


Dumas & Bond 1974 d >280 >201

Fluck 1976 r 0.014 - 2.8 0.010 - 2.014

251 Phthalic Anhydride Slavgorodskiy 1968 0.32 0.053

252 Picolines, all isomers Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.05 0.0131

Hellman & Small 1974 r 0.09 0.0236


253 Piperdine Geier 1936 d 0.5 0.14

Geier 1936 r 2 0.57

Nawakowski 1980 <7 <2

254 Propane Patty & Yant 1929 36,000 19,964

Laffort & Dravnieks 1973 22,000 12,200

Nagata 2003 2,700 1,497

255 Propionaldehyde Backman 1917 r 0.02 0.0084


Hartung et al 1971 1.7 0.716

Knuth 1973 0.026 0.011


115




mg/m3 ppm255 Propionaldehyde cont. Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.02 0.008




Anon 1980 d 0.0036 0.0015

Anon 1980 r 0.036 0.015


Cristoph 1983 d 0.33 - 0.40 0.139 - 0.168

Nagy 1991 d 0.21 0.088

Nagata 2003 d 0.0024 0.001


d 0.0048 0.002

256 Propionic Acid Passy 1893b, 1893c d 0.05 0.017

Backman 1917 r 0.5 0.17

Grijns 1919 0.6 0.2

Mitsumoto 1926 r 1.7 - 2.55 0.56 - 0.84

Hesse 1926 r 4.6 1.5

Morimura 1934 r 1.77 - 2.38 0.58 - 0.79

Stone 1963a, 1963c d 0.39 - 0.68 0.13 - 0.22

Stone & Bosley 1965 d 0.89 0.29

Goldenberg 1967 d 0.003 0.00099

Hellman & Small 1974 d 0.08 0.026


Anon. 1980 d 0.0051 0.0017

Anon. 1980 r 0.025 0.0083

Punter 1983 d 0.44 - 0.58 0.15 - 0.19

Dollnick et al 1988 0.147 0.049

Walker et al 1990 14.1 4.65

Nagy 1991 d 1.2 0.4

Walker et al 1996 0.3 - 3 0.099 - 0.99

Nagata 2003 d 0.017 0.0056

Van Thriel et al 2006 d 1 0.33

257 n - Propyl Acetate Backman 1917 r 12 2.9

Jung 1936 d 0.35 0.084

Jung 1936 r 0.35 - 0.62 0.084 - 0.15

May 1966 d 70 17

May 1966 r 110 26





Nagata 2003 d 1 0.239



116




mg/m3 ppm258 Propyl Alcohol Passy 1892c d 5 - 10 2.0 - 4.1

Backman 1917 r 3 - 5 1.2 - 2.0

Jung 1936 d 0.8 - 8 0.33 - 3.3

Jung 1936 r 8 - 24 3.3 - 9.8

Jones 1955c d 140 57


Pliska & Janicek 1965 25,000 10,172

Guadagni 1966 9 3.7

May 1966 d 80 33

May 1966 r 150 61

Khachaturyan et al 1968 1.25 0.51

Cain 1969 r 660 269

Corbit & Engen 1971 46 - 51 19 - 21

Stone et al 1972 d 2.8 1.1

Dravnieks & Laffort 1972 32.3 13


Hellman & Small 1974 d <0.075 <0.031


Laing 1975 d 100 41

Naus 1982 d 2 0.81

Naus 1982 r 20 8

Punter 1983 d 5.9 2.4

Cristoph 1983 r 2.9 - 3.2 1.18 - 1.3

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990, 1993

d 27.5 - 35 11 - 14

Cometto - Muniz 1993 d 27.5 - 35 11 - 14


Nagata 2003 d 0.24 0.098

259 Propylene Krasovitskaya & Malyarova 1968

17.3 10.1




Nagata 2003 d 22 13

260 Propylene Dichloride Hellman & Small 1974 d 1.2 0.26


Nagy 1991 d 40 8.66

261 Propylene Glycol Nagy 1991 d 16 5.14

262 Propylene Glycol Dinitrate Stewart et al 1974 d 1.6 0.236

263 Propylene Oxide Jacobson et al 1956 d 473 199




117




mg/m3 ppm264 Pyridine Hermanides 1909 r 0.16 0.05

Zwaardemaker 1914, 1927 d 0.04 0.012

Backman 1917 r 0.2 0.062


Katz & Talbert 1930 d 0.74 0.23

Van Anrooij 1931 d 0.078 0.024

Geier 1936 d 0.09 0.029

Geier 1936 r 0.095 0.029

Jones 1955c d 40 12

Sales 1958 0.42 0.13

Janicek et al 1960 4.6 1.4

Sutton 1962b <3.2 <0.99

Kristesashvili 1965 0.21 0.065





Amoore & Buttery 1978 d 2.4 0.74

Laing et al 1978 r 2.4 0.74

Hangartner 1981 0.08 - 2.9 0.025 - 0.90

Naus 1982 d 1 0.31

Naus 1982 r 10 3.1


Bahnmuller 1983 0.132 - 1.21 0.041 - 0.374

Ahlstrom et al 1986a d 0.124 - 0.146 0.038 - 0.045

Amoore 1986a,b d 2.1 0.65

Don 1986 d 0.12 0.04

Hartigh 1986 d 0.15 - 0.29 0.046 - 0.090

MacLeod et al 1986 0.054 0.017

Cain et al 1987 d 0.34 0.11

Steven et al 1988 d 0.13 - 1.2 0.040 - 0.371

Cometto - Muniz & Cain 1990 4.1 1.27


Cain & Gent 1991 d 0.32 0.1

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 0.039 0.012

Nagy 1991 d 1.5 0.46



Nordin et al 1997 0.34 0.11

Nagata 2003 d 0.2 0.062

Cain et al 2010 d 0.32 0.1


118




mg/m3 ppm265 Quinoline Geier 1936 d 0.03 0.0057

Geier 1936 r 0.05 - 0.1 0.0095 - 0.019

Gundlach & Kenway 1939 d 28 5.3

266 Quinone Backman 1917 r 0.047 - 0.050 0.0106 - 0.0113

Oglesby et al 1947 0.44 0.1

267 Styrene, Monomer Wolf et al 1956 43 - 258 10 - 61

Deadman & Prigg 1959 d 0.11 0.026

Li - Shen 1961 0.02 0.0047

Stalker 1963 d 0.073 0.017

Muhlen 1968 r 4.3 1

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.2 - 0.4 0.047 - 0.094

Smith & Hochstettler 1969 r 0.2 0.047



d 0.22 - 0.64 0.052 - 0.15


r 0.64 0.15


Anon. 1980 d 0.14 0.033

Anon. 1980 r 0.73 0.17

Don 1986 d 0.068 0.016

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.068 0.016

Randebrock 1986 0.012 0.0028

Nagy 1991 d 1.3 0.305

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.14 0.033

Nagata 2003 d 0.15 0.035

Dalton et al 2007 d 26.4 6.2

268 Sulfur Dioxide Holmes et al 1915 d 5 - 10 1.9 - 3.8

Holmes et al 1915 r 10 - 13 3.8 - 5.0

Smolczyk & Cobler 1930 <4 <1.5

Thomas et al 1943 1.3 - 1.6 0.50 - 0.61

Popov et al 1952 4 - 6.5 1.5 - 2.5

Amdur et al 1953 2.6 - 21 0.99 - 8.0

Dubrovskaya 1957 2.6 - 3.0 0.99 - 1.1

Beck 1959 1.3 - 2.6 0.50 - 0.99

Henschler et al 1960 d 1.3 - 2.6 0.50 - 0.99

Bushtueva 1960 1.5 0.57

Bushtueva 1962 1.6 - 2.6 0.61 - 0.99

Makhinya 1966 0.87 - 0.88 0.33 - 0.34

Shalamberidze 1967 1.6 0.61


Nagata 2003 d 2.3 0.88

Kleinbeck et al 2011 1.434 - 8.307 0.547 - 3.17

269 Sulfur Hexafluoride Laffort 1968a 24,000,000 4,017,527


119




mg/m3 ppm270 Sulfuric Acid Melekhina 1968 d 0.6 0.15

271 1,1,2,2 - Tetrabromo-ethane

Hollingsworth et al 1963 r <14 <0.99

272 1,1,2,2 - Tetrachloro-ethane


20 2.9



273 Tetrahydrofuran May 1966 d 90 30.5

May 1966 r 180 61

Popov 1970 0.27 0.092

Kendall et al 1968 r 7.3 - 10.2 2.5 - 3.5

Nagy 1991 d 18 6.1

274 Thioglycolic Acid Dravnieks et al 1986 d 0.0008 0.00021

275 Toluene Backman 1917 r 3.5 - 3.6 0.93 - 0.96

Backman 1918 2 0.53

Grijns 1919 170 45

Zwaardemaker 1927 170 45


Schley 1934 d 6 1.6

Schley 1934 r 16 4.2

Nader 1958 d 0.08 - 1.9 0.021 - 0.50


Naus 1962 d 2 0.53

Stalker 1963 d 1 0.27

Gusev 1965 1.5 - 3.2 0.40 - 0.85

May 1966 d 140 37

May 1966 r 260 69

Leonardos et al 1969 r 8.1 - 17.8 2.1 - 4.7


Koster 1971 d 13.7 3.6


Artho & Koch 1973 100 - 1,000 26.5 - 265


d 0.6 0.16


r 7 1.9


Winneke & Kastka 1975 46 - 84 12 - 22

Anon. 1980 d 3.5 0.93

Anon. 1980 r 18 4.8

Naus 1982 d 2 0.53

Naus 1982 r 20 5.3

Punter 1983 d 25.4 6.7

Bahmuller 1983 5.85 - 29.8 1.55 - 7.9


120




mg/m3 ppm275 Toluene cont. Don 1986 d 3.7 - 3.8 0.98 - 1.01

Hoshika et al 1993 d 3.7 - 3.8 0.98 - 1.01


Nagy 1991 d 12 3.18



Hoshika et al 1993 d 305 81



Nagata 2003 d 1.3 0.35



d 0.3 0.08

276 Toluene 2,4 - & 2,6 - Diisocyanate

Zapp 1957 2.8 0.39

Henschler et al 1962 0.14 - 0.35 0.020 - 0.049

Chizhikov 1963 0.2 0.028


277 o - Toluidine Huijer 1924 d 29 6.6

Backman 1917 r 4.0 - 5.4 0.91 - 1.23

Stuiver 1958 d 0.11 0.025

278 m - Toluidine Huijer 1924 d 26 5.9

Backman 1917 r 3.0 - 3.9 0.68 - 0.089

Stuiver 1958 d 2 0.46

279 p - Toluidine Huijer 1924 d 14 3.2

Backman 1917 r 1.0 - 1.3 0.23 - 0.30

Stuiver 1958 d 0.12 0.027

280 Trichloroacetic Acid Backman 1917 r 1.6 - 2.5 0.24 - 0.37

281 1,2,4 - Trichlorobenzene Rowe 1975 22 2.96

282 Trichloroethylene Lehmann & Schmidt - Kehl 1936

900 167

Weitbrecht 1957 110 20


Frantikova 1962 69 13

Naus 1962 d 3 0.56

May 1966 d 440 82

May 1966 r 580 108

Malyarova 1967 2.5 - 21 0.5 - 4


Torkelson & Rowe 1981 538 100

Naus 1982 d 3 0.56

Naus 1982 r 20 3.72

Don 1986 d 3.9 0.73

Nagata 2003 d 21 3.91


121




mg/m3 ppm283 Trichlorofluoromethane Hellman & Small 1974 d 28 5


Braker & Mossman 1980 1,124,000 200,057

284 Triethanolamine Nagata 2003 d >61 >10

285 Triethylamine Tkachev 1970 0.33 0.08

Hellman & Small 1974 d <0.4 <0.10


Laing et al 1978 r 11.9 2.9

Homans et al 1978 d 2.7 0.65

Dravnieks et al 1986 d 1 0.24

Nagata 2003 d 0.022 0.0053

286 Trimethylamine Tempelaar 1913 d 2.1 0.87

Rotenberg & Mashbits 1967 2 0.83

Sakuma et al 1967 0.0007 0.00029

Leonardos et al 1969 r 0.0005 0.00021

Stephens 1971 0.0014 0.00058

Amoore 1977 0.0025 0.001


Anon. 1980 d 0.00026 0.00011

Anon. 1980 r 0.0034 0.0014

Jensen & Flyger 1983 0.0031 - 0.027 0.00128 - 0.1117

Langenhove & Schamp 1984 0.002 0.00083

Homans 1984 4.4 1.82

Nagy 1991 0.0059 0.0024

Greenman et al 2004 0.000041 - 0.0011 0.00002 - 0.00045

Nagata 2003 0.000077 0.000032

Van Thriel et al 2006 0.63 0.26

287 Trimethyl Benzene, all isomers

Backman 1917 r 0.35 - 0.4 0.071 - 0.081

Backman 1917 r 0.3 - 0.35 0.061 - 0.071

Backman 1918 0.2 0.041




Knuth 1973 1.2 0.24


Anon. 1980 d 0.14 0.028

Anon. 1980 r 1.1 0.22

Anon. 1980 d 0.18 0.037

Anon. 1980 r 1.4 0.28

Punter 1983 d 10.7 2.2

Nagata 2003 d 0.59 0.12

288 Trimethyl Phosphite Levin & Gabriel 1973 0.0005 0.000099


122




mg/m3 ppm289 Turpentine and selected

monoterpenesApell 1969 0.016 0.0029

Cristoph 1983 r 25 - 29 4.49 - 5.20

Cristoph 1983 r 35 - 38 6.3 - 6.8

Randerbrock 1986 0.00036 0.00006

Laska & Hudson 1991 d 0.23 - 0.36 0.041 - 0.065

Lindell 1991 d 2.1 0.38

Lindell 1991 d 3.3 0.59

Lindell 1991 d 8.9 1.60

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998b d 105 19

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998b d 65 12

Jagella & Grosch 1998 0.035 0.0063

Jagella & Grosch 1998 0.018 0.0032



Molhave et al 2000 d 23 4.13

Buettmer & Schieberle 2001a, 2001b

0.0053 0.0010

Nagata 2003 d 0.18 0.032

Nagata 2003 d 0.1 0.0179

290 n - Valeraldehyde Backman 1917 r 0.009 - 0.01 0.0026 - 0.0028


Anon. 1980 d 0.0025 0.0007

Anon. 1980 r 0.013 0.0037

Hall & Andersson 1983 d 0.034 0.0097

Cristoph 1983 r 0.14 - 0.15 0.04 - 0.043

Lindell 1991 d 0.092 0.026

Von Ronson & Belitz 1992a d 0.12 0.034

Von Ronson & Belitz 1992a r 0.22 0.062

Cometto - Muniz et al 1998a 17.5 4.97


Nagata 2003 d 0.0014 0.0004

Laska & Ringh 2010 d 0.85 0.24

291 VanillinPassy 1892a,b,d d 0.00007 - 0.005

0.000011 - 0.000803

Tempelaar 1913 d 0.00018 - 0.00020.000029 - 0.000032

Zwaardemaker 1927 d 0.00018 - 0.00020.000029 - 0.000032

Backman 1917 r 0.0015 - 0.0020.000241 - 0.000321

Baldus 1936 d 0.000001 0.00000016

Baldus 1936 r 0.000004 0.000000643

Appell 1969 0.000001 0.00000016

Randebrock 1971 0.000006 0.000000964


123




mg/m3 ppm291 Vanillin cont. Herrmann & Abel El Salam

1980a,b0.08 - 0.12 0.0129 - 0.0193

Kleinschmidt 1983 r 0.578 0.0929

Randebrock 1986 0.000033 0.00000530

Blank et al 1989, 1992 0.0006 - 0.00120.000096 - 0.000193

292 Vinyl Acetate Gofmekler 1960 1 0.28

Deese & Joyner 1969 r ≤1.4 ≤0.40


d 0.4 0.12


r 1.4 0.4

293 Vinyl Chloride Hori et al 1972 520 - 910 203 - 356

294 Vinylidene Chloride Rylova 1953 200 50

Janicek et al 1960 5500 1387

Irish 1962 2,000 - 4,000 504 - 1,009

295 Xylene (o - , m - , p - , isomers)

Backman 1917 r 1.0 - 1.2 0.23 - 0.28

Backman 1917 r 1.1 - 1.3 0.25 - 0.30

Backman 1917 r 1.4 - 1.5 0.32 - 0.35

Backman 1918 0.8 0.18

Stuiver 1958 d 2.1 0.48

Stuiver 1958 d 0.35 0.081

Stuiver 1958 d 0.6 0.14

Naus 1962 d 1 0.23

Gusev 1965 0.6 - 1.9 0.14 - 0.44

May 1966 d 100 23

May 1966 r 1,370 316

Koster 1965, 1968a,b, 1971 d 0.6 - 86 0.16 - 20

Koster 1968a, 1971 d 11 2.5

Koster 1968a, 1971 d 8 1.8


Dravnieks & O’Donnell 1971 1.3 0.3

Knuth 1973 0.8 0.18

Anon. 1980 d 0.77 0.18

Anon. 1980 r 3.1 0.71

Anon. 1980 d 0.52 0.12

Anon. 1980 r 2.4 0.55

Anon. 1980 d 0.52 0.12

Anon. 1980 r 2.2 0.51

Punter 1983 d 23.6 5.4

Punter 1983 d 1.5 - 4.9 0.35 - 1.1

Punter 1983 d 9.1 2.1

Don 1986 d 0.52 - 0.54 0.120 - 0.124


124




mg/m3 ppm295 Xylene (o - , m - , p - ,

isomers) cont.Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.52 - 0.54 0.120 - 0.124

Hoshika et al 1993 d 0.052 0.012

Nagata 2003 d 1.6 0.37

Nagata 2003 d 0.18 0.041

Nagata 2003 d 0.25 0.058


125


Odor Character Chemical(s)

Acetone Diethyl Ketone; 2-Methylcyclohexanone

Acid Acetic Anhydride; Cyanogen Chloride; Phenol

Acrid Maleic Anhydride

Airplane glue Methyl Acrylate

Alcohol n-Butyl Alcohol; sec-Butyl Alcohol; tert-Butyl Alcohol; 1,4-Dioxane; Ethyl Acrylate, Ethyl Alcohol; Ethyl Silicate; Furfuryl Alcohol; Isobutyl Alcohol; 2-Methoxyethanol; Methyl Alcohol; Propyl Alcohol

Alliaceous Bromine; Iodine

Almond Acetophenone; Benzaldehyde; Chlorobenzene; Cyanogen; Furfural; Hydrogen Cyanide; Nitrobenzene

Amine Dibutylamine; Diethanolamine; Diethylamine; 2-Diethylaminoethanol; Diisopropylamine; Isopropylamine; n-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone; Morpholine; o-Toluidine; p-Toluidine; Triethyleamine

Ammonia;Ammonical

n-Butylamine; Cyclohexylamine; Diethanolamine; Diethylaminoethanol; n,n-Dimethylacetamide; Dimethylamine; Ethanolamine; Ethyl Acrylate; Ethylamine; Ethylenediamine; Ethyleneimine; n-Ethylmorpholine; Hydrazine; Isopropylamine; 1-Methoxy-2-Propanol; Methyl Hydrazine; Triethanolamine

Anesthetic Ethyl Ether; Methyl tert-Butyl Ether

Anise Benzyl Acetate

Aromatic Benzene; 1,3-Butadiene; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chlorotoluene; 1,1-Dichloroethane; Ethyl Formate; Isoprene; Propylene; o-Toluidine; 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene; Trimethyl Benzene

Asparagus Dimethyl Disulfide; Dimethyl Sulfide

Banana n-Amyl Acetate; n-Butyl Acetate; sec-Hexyl Acetate; Isoamyl Acetate

Bitter Isoamyl Alcohol

Bitter almond Benzaldehyde

Bleach Chlorine; Nitrogen Dioxide

Bread Furfural

Burnt Pyridine, Toluene

Burnt plastic Cresol

Butter-like; buttery Biphenyl; Diacetyl

Camphor; camphorous Camphor; Cyclohexanol; o-Dichlorobenzene; p-Dichlorobenzene; 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane; Turpentine

Caramel Vanillin

Chemical Iodoform

Table 6.4 – Odor Character List

The Table contains the following information:

Odor Character

Chemical Name

Note: Odor character is affected by odor concentration.

Table 6.4 – Odor Character List

126



Chlorine Chlorine Dioxide; Chloropicrin

Chloroform Bromoform; 1,1-Dichlrorethane; Epichlorohydrin; Halothane; Vinylidene Chloride

Choking Phthalic Anhydride

Citrus Citral; d-Limonene

Creosote Cresol; Naphthalene; Phenol

Decayed n-Valeraldehyde

Disagreeable Diallylamine; Dimethyl Sulfide; Propylene Glycol Dinitrate

Dry cleaner Carbon Tetrachloride

Empyreumatic Aniline; Benzene; Cresol; Naphthalene; Phenol; o-Toluidine; m-Toluidine; p-Toluidine; Xylene

Ester 2-Butoxyethanol, 2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate; Ethyl Acrylate; Isobutyl Acetate; 2-Methoxyethyl Acetate; n-Propyl Acetate

Ether; Etherish;Etherous; Ethereal

Acetone; Acetonitrile; n-Amyl Acetate; Benzyl Acetate; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chlorodifluoromethane; Chloroform; Dichlorodifluoromethane; Dimethyl Ether; Ethyl Acetate; Ethyl Bromide; Ethylene Chlorohydrin; Ethyl Ether; Furfuryl Alcohol; Iodoform; 1-Methoxy-2-propanol; Methyl Chloride; Methyl Chloroform; Methyl Formate; Perchloroethylene; Tetrahydrofuran; Trichloroethylene

Faint n-Nitrosodimethylamine

Fingernail polish Ethyl Acetate; Methyl Propyl Ketone

Fingernail polish remover Diethyl Ketone

Fir needles Turpentine

Fish sauce 2,4-Dichlorophenol

Fishy Diethylamine; Diisopropylamine; Dimethyl Formamide; 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine; Methylamine; Morpholine; Triethylamine; Trimethylamine

Floral; Flowery Citral; Diphenylamine

Fresh Acetaldehyde; Isoamyl Acetate

Fruity Acetaldehyde; Acetone; Benzaldehyde; 2-Butoxyethyl Acetate; sec-Butyl Acetate; 2-Chloroacetophenone; Cyclopentadiene; Ethyl Acetate; sec-Hexyl Acetate; Isopropyl Acetate; Methyl Acetate; 2-Nitropropane; Propionaldehyde

Fusel Isobutyl Alcohol

Garlic Acetylene; Acrylonitrile; Arsine; Dimethyl Disulfide; Hydrogen Selenide; Methyl Mercaptan; Phosphine

Gasoline p-tert-Butyl Toluene; Heptane; Hexane, Nonane; Octane

Gassy Acetylene; Propylene

Grassy Ethylene; n-Hexyl Alcohol

Green Acetaldehyde

Hay like Phosgene

Highly corrosive Hydrogen Fluoride

Ink Phenol

Irritating Allyl Isothiocyanate; Ammonia; Bromine; Cresol; Cumene Hydroiperoxide; 2,3-Dibromo-1-chloropropane; Hydrogen Chloride; Hydrogen Fluoride

Table 6.4 – Odor Character List, cont.

127



Latex Isobutyl Alcohol

Leather-like 2;4-Dichlorophenol

Lemon Citral; d-Limonene

Malty n-Butyl Alcohol; sec-Butyl Alcohol; Isoamyl Alcohol

Medicinal n-Butyl Alcohol; Carbon Disulfide; 2,4-Dichlorophenol; Isobutyl Acetate; Phenol

Metallic Sulfur Dioxide

Mild tert-Butyl Acetate; n- Butyl Lactate; Caprolactam; 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; Hexylene Glycol; Triethanolamine

Mothballs p-Dichlorobenzene; Naphthalene

Mushroom Methyl n-amyl Ketone

Mustard allyl alcohol

Musty 2-Butoxyethanol; Diethylamine; 2-Ethoxyethanol; Isobutyl Alcohol

Natural gas Butane; Propane

Nauseating Pyridine

Oil Octane

Oily Aniline; Dimethylaniline; Ethyl Benzene

Olefinic Ethylene Oxide

Onion acrylonitrile

Oranges acetophenone

Paint Methyl n-Butyl Ketone

Pears Benzyl Acetate; sec-Hexyl Acetate

Peculiar Oxygen Difluoride; Quinoline

Penetrating 1-Octanol

Pepper Piperdine

Peppermint Diisobutyl Ketone

Petroleum Butenes; 1-Hexene; Methylcyclohexane

Phenol; phenolic Cresol; 2;4-Dichlorophenol

Pine Cyclopentadiene; Turpentine

Plastic Acrylic Acid; Benzyl Acetate; n-Butyl Acrylate; Ethyl Acrylate; n-Hexyl Alcohol; d-Limonene; Methyl Acrylate; Methyl Metacrylate

Pleasant Biphenyl; 1-Decene; Diacetyl; 1;2-Dichloroethylene; 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; Isooctyl Alcohol

Pungent Acetaldehyde; Acetic Acid; Acetophenone; Acrolein; Ally Chloride; Ammonia; Aniline; Benzyl Chloride; Boron Trifluoride; Butyraldehyde; Crotonaldehyde; Cyclohexane; Decaborane; Ethyl Chloride; Fluorine; Formaldehyde; Hexachlorocyclopentadiene; Isobutyraldehyde; Methacrylic Acid; Methyl Parathion; Methyl Vinyl Ketone; Nitrobenzene; Ozone; Pentaborane; Pyridine; Quinone; 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane; Trimethylamine; Trimethyl Phosphite

Putrid Dimethyl Disulfide; Dimethyl Sulfide; Phenyl Mercaptan

Rancid Acrylic Acid; n-Butyl Acrylate; Isoamyl Alcohol; n-Valeraldehyde

Repulsive Diborane


128



River water Acetophenone

Rosiny Turpentine

Rotten cabbage Ethyl Mercaptan; Methyl Mercaptan

Rotten eggs Hydrogen Sulfide

Rotten fish Diethanolamine; Dimethylamine

Rubber 1;3-Butadiene; Chloroprene; Isoamyl Alcohol; Isobutyl Alcohol; d-Limonene

Rubbing alcohol Isopropyl Alcohol

Sharp Bromine; Chlorine; Cumene; Cumene Hydroperoxide; Cyclohexanone; Dicyclopentadiene; 2-Diethylaminoethanol; Ethyl Acrylate; Ethyl Amyl Ketone; Formic Acid; Hydrogen Chloride; Iodine; Isophorone; Isopropyl Alcohol; Methyl Acrylate; Methyl Ethyl Ketone; Methyl Isoamyl Ketone, Methyl Isobutyl Ketone; Methyl Methacrylate; Styrene; Vinyl Acetate

Shoe polish Chlorobenzene; Nitrobenzene

Sickening n-Valeraldehyde

Skunk Butyl Mercaptan; Dodecyl Mercaptan

Smoky Cresol

Solvent Benzene; Ethyl Amyl Ketone; Ethyl Benzene; 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane; Trichloroethylene

Sooty Nickel Carbonyl

Sour Acetic Anhydride; n-Butylamine; Methyl Alcohol; Propionic Acid; Toluene; Vinyl Acetate

Strong Furan; Oxygen Difluoride; Picolines

Suffocating Acetaldehyde; Bromoform; Chlorine; Chloroform; Nitric Acid

Sulfide Carbon Disulfide

Sweet Acetone; Acetophenone; Acrylic Acid; Benzene; Bromoform; 2-Butoxyethanol; n-Butyl Acetate; n-Butyl Acrylate; n-Butyl Alcohol; sec-Butyl Alcohol; tert-Butyl Alcohol; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chloroform; Cyclohexanone; Cyclohexene; Diacetone Alcohol; Dicyclopentadiene; 1,4-Dioxane; 2-Ethoxyethanol; 2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate; Ethyl Acetate; Ethyl Acrylate; Ethylene Dibromide; Ethylene Dichloride; Ethylene Oxide; Ethyl Silicate; Furfuryl Alcohol; Hexylene Glycol; Isoamyl Alcohol; Isobutyl Acetate; Isobutyl Alcohol; Isopropyl Ether; Mesityl Oxide; 2-Methoxyethanol; 2-Methoxyethyl Acetate; Methyl Alcohol; Methyl n-amyl Ketone; Methyl n-Butyl Ketone; Methyl Chloride; Methyl Chloroform; Methylene Chloride; Methyl Ethyl Ketone; Methyl Isoamyl Ketone; Methyl Isobutyl Ketone; Pentane; Perchloryl Fluoride; n-Propyl Acetate; Propyl Alcohol; Propylene Dichloride; Propylene Oxide; Styrene; Vanillin; Vinyl Chloride; Xylene

Tar Naphthalene

Terpene-like; terpeny Cyclopentadiene; d-Limonene

Thunder storm Ozone

Turpentine Ethylidene Norbornene; Turpentine

Unpleasant Carbonyl Sulfide; Picolines; Thioglycolic Acid

Vanilla Vanillin

Vegetable Carbon Disulfide

Vinegar acetic acid

Vinous Ethyl Alcohol


129


Table 6.5 – Synonyms of Chemical Names


Synonyms in alphabetical order

Chemical Name

Table 6.5 – Synonyms

Synonym Name Chemical Name

Acetanhydride Acetic Anhydride

Acetic Acid Benzyl Ester Benzyl Acetate

Acetic Acid Dimethylamine Dimethylamine

Acetic Aldehyde Acetaldehyde

Acetic Oxide Acetic Anhydride

Acetoacetone 2,4-Pentanedione

Acetylene Tetrachloride 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Acetyl Oxide Acetic Anhydride

Acroleaic Acid Acrylic Acid

Acrylic Acid n-butyl Ester n-Butyl Acrylate

Acrylic Acid Ethyl Ester Ethyl Acetate

Adronal Cyclohexanol

Aethyl Chloride Ethyl Chloride

Aldehyde Crotonique Crotonaldehyde

Allyl Mustard Oil Allyl Isothiocyanate

1-Aminobutane n-Butylamine

Aminocyclohexane Cyclohexylamine

2-Aminoethanol Ethanolamine

1-Amino-2-Methylbenzene o-Toluidine

1-Amino-3-Methylbenzene m-Toluidine

1-Amino-4-Methylbenzene p-Toluidine

1-Aminonaphthalene 1-Naphthylamine

2-Aminonaphthalene 2-Naphthylamine

2-Aminopropane Isopropylamine

2-Aminotoluene o-Toluidine

4-Aminotoluene p-Toluidine

3-Aminotoluene m-Toluidine

n-Amyl Alcohol Pentanol, all isomers

Amyl Ethyl Ketone Ethyl Amyl Ketone

1-Benzazine Quinoline

Benzene Chloride Chlorobenzene


Benzenethiol Phenyl Mercaptan

Benzinofonn Carbon Tetrachloride

1,4-Benzoquinone Quinone

Biethylene 1,3-Butadine

2-Bromo-2-Chloro-1,1,1-Trifluoroethane

Halothane

Butadien 1,3-Butadiene

Butanal Butyraldehyde

2,3-Butanedione Diacetyl

1-Butanethiol Butyl Mercaptan

n-Butanol n-Butyl Alcohol

2-Butanol sec-Butyl Alcohol

tert-Butanol tert-Butyl Alcohol

Butanone Methyl Ethyl Ketone

2-Butenal Crotonaldehyde

1-Buten-3-one Methyl Vinyl Ketone

n-Butyl-1-Butanamine Dibutylamine

Butyl Cellosolve 2-Butoxyethanol

Butyl Cellosolve Acetate 2-Butoxyethanol Acetate

1-Butylene Butenes

Butyl 2-Hydroxypropanoate Butyl Lactate

1-tert-Butyl-2-Methylbenzene p-tert-Butyl Toluene

Butyl-2-Propenoate n-Butyl Acrylate

Butyric Alcohol n-Butyl Alcohol

Carbolic Acid Phenol

Carbon Bisulfide Carbon Disulfide

Carbonic Chloride Phosgene

Carbon Nitride Cyanogen

Carbonyl Chloride Phosgene

Cellosolve 2-Ethoxyethanol

Cellosolve Acetate 2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate

130


Table 6.5 – Synonyms, cont.


Chlorene Ethyl Chloride

Chlorine Cyanide Cyanogen Chloride

Chloformyl Chloride Phosgene

3-Chloroally Chloride 1,3-Dichloropropene

Chloroben Dichlorobenzene, o-isomer

Chlorobenzol Chlorobenzene

2-Chloro-1 ,3-butadiene _-Chloroprene

4-Chlorocarbonyl Polystyrene Benzoyl Chloride

Chlorocyanogen Cyanogen Chloride

Chloroethane Ethyl Chloride

2-Chloroethanol Ethylene Chlorohydrin

Chloroethene Vinyl Chloride

Chloroethylene Vinyl Chloride

1-Chloro-2,3-Epoxypropane Epichlorohydrin

Chloromethane Methyl Chloride

1-Chloro-2-Methylbenzene Chlorotoluene, o-isomer

3-Chloro-1-Propene Allyl Chloride

3-Chloropropylene Allyl Chloride

_-Chlorotoluene Benzyl Chloride

Cinnamene Styrene, monomer

Cresylic Acid Cresol, all isomers

Cyano Acrylic Acid Methyl Ester

Methyl 2-Cyanoacrylate

Cyanomethane Acetonitrile

2,5-Cyclohexadiene Dioxide Quinone

Cyclohexyl Alcohol Cyclohexanol

DCPD Dicyclopentadiene

DEAE 2-Diethylaminoethanol

1,2-Diaminoethane Ethylenediamine

1,2-Dibromoethane Ethylene Dibromide

1,2-Dichloroethane Ethylene Dichloride

Dichloromethane Methylene Chloride

1,2-Dichloropropane Propylene Dichloride

1,3-Dichloropropylene 1,3-Dichloropropene

Dicyan Cyanogen

N-Diethylethanolamine 2-Diethylaminoethanol

Diethyl- 2-hydroxyethyl amine 2-Diethylaminoethanol

Diethylene Oxide Tetrahydrofuran


1,4-Diethylene Dioxide Dioxane

Diethyl Ether Ethyl Ether

Diethylolamine Diethanolamine

Difluorochloromethane Chlorodifluoromethane

2,2-Dihydroxy Diethylamine Diethanolamine

2,4-Diisocyanato-1-Methylbenzene

Toluene-2,4-Diisocyanate

Dimethyl Acetate N,N-Dimethylaniline

Dimethyl Benzene Xylene

1,3-Dimethylbutyl Acetate sec-Hexyl Acetate

Dimethyl Diketone Diacetyl

Dimethyl Glyoxal Diacetyl

Dimethyformaldehyde Acetone

Dimethylnitromethane 2-Nitropropane

Dimethyl Nitrosamine N-Nitrosodimethylamine

o,o-Dimethyl, o,p-Nitrophenyl Phosphorothioate

Methyl Parathion

3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-Octadienal Citral

Dimethyl Oxide Dimethyl Ether

Diphenyl Biphenyl

Diphenylmethane 4,4-Diisocyanate

Methylene Bisphenyl Isocyanate

Di-2-Propenylamine Diallylamine

Divinyl 1,3-Butadiene

DMA Dimethylamine

DMN N-Nitrosodimethylamine

DMNA N-Nitrosodimethylamine

DMF Dimethyl Formamide

1-Dodecanethiol Dodecyl Mercaptan

EAK Ethyl Amyl Ketone

EGBE 2-Butoxyethanol

EGBEA 2-Butoxyethyl Acetate

EgMEA 2-Methoxyethyl Acetate

1,4-Epoxybutane Tetrahydrofuran

1,2-Epoxy-3-Chloropropane Epichlorohydrin

2,3-Epoxypropyl Chloride Epichlorohydrin

1,2-Epoxyethane Ethylene Oxide

Erythrene 1,3-Butadiene

131




Ethanal Acetaldehyde

1,2-Ethanediamine Ethylenediamine

1,2-Ethanediol Ethylene Glycol

Ethanenitrile Acetonitrile

Ethanethiol Ethyl Mercaptan

Ethanoic Acid Acetic Acid

Ethanol Ethyl Alcohol

Ethene Ethylene

Ethenyl Acetate Vinyl Acetate

Ethenyl Benzene Styrene

Ethenyl Cyanide Acrylonitrile

Ethoxyethane Ethyl Ether

Ethyl Acetone Methyl Propyl Ketone

Ethylene Bromide Ethylene Dibromide

Ethylene Carboxylic Acid Acrylic Acid

Ethylene Chloride Ethylene Dichloride

Ethylene Glycol Methylene Ether

1,3-Dioxolane

Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether

2-Butoxyethanol

Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether

2-Ethyoxyethanol

Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate

2-Ethyoxyethyl Acetate

Ethylene Glycol Methyl Ether 2-Methoxyethanol

Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Acetate

2-Methyoxyethyl Acetate

Ethylethylene Butenes, all isomers

Ethyl Fonnic Acid Propionic Acid

Ethyl Glycol 2-Ethoxyethanol

Ethyl Glycol Acetate 2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate

5-Ethlidenebycyclo[2.2.1]-2-Heptene

Ethylidenenorbomene

Ethylidene Chloride 1,1-Dichloroethane

Ethylmethyl Carbinol sec-Butyl Alcohol

Ethyl Nitrile Acetonitrile

Ethylolamine Glycol Ethanolamine

Ethyl 2-Propenoate Ethyl Acrylate

Ethyne Acetylene


Formic Acid Ethyl Ester Ethyl Formate

Formic Nitrate Hydrogen Cyanide

Freon 12 Dichlorodifluoromethane

Freon 22 Chlorodilfluoromethane

Freon 30 Methylene Chloride

Freon 40 Methyl Chloride

2,5-Furandione Maleic Anhydride

2-Furanmethanol Furfuryl Alcohol

Glacial Acrylic Acid Acrylic Acid

Glycinol Ethanolamine

2-Heptanone Methyl n-Amyl Ketone

Hexahydroaniline Cyclohexylamine

Hexahydroazine Piperidine

Hexahydrobenzene Cyclohexane

Hexahydrophenol Cyclohexanol

Hexahydrotoluene 2-Methycyclohexane

Hexalin Cyclohexanol

Hexamethylene Cyclohexane

Hexanaphthalene Cyclohexane

Hexanaphthylene Cyclohexene

1-Hexanol Hexyl Alcohol

2-Hexanone Methyl n-Butyl Ketone

Hexone Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

Hydroxy Benzene Phenol

Hydrocyclohexane Cyclohexanol

1-Hydroxy-2,4-Dichlorobenzene

2,4-Dichlorophenol

2-Hydroxyethyl Chloride Ethylene Dichloride

4-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2-Pentanone

Diacetone Alcohol

2,2-Iminodiethanol Diethanolamine

1,3-lsobenzofurandione Phthalic Anhydride

Isobutanol Isobutyl Alcohol

Isobutyl Carbinol Isoamyl Alcohol

Isocyanic Acid-Methyl Ester Methyl Isocycanate

Isonitropropane 2-Nitropropane

Isopentyl Acetate Isoamyl Acetate

Isopentyl Alcohol Isoamyl Alcohol

132




Isopropanol Isopropyl Alcohol

Isopropenylbenzene Methyl Styrene

Isopropenyl Cyanide Methacrylonitrile

4-Isopropenyl-1-Methyl-1-Cyclohexene

d-Limonene

2-lsopropoxypropane Isopropyl Ether

Isopropyl Benzene Cumene

Isopropyl Benzene Hydroperoxide

Cumene Hydroperoxide

Isopropylidene Acetone Mesityl Oxide

Ketohexamethylene Cyclohexanone

MBK Methyl n-Butyl Ketone

MEK Methyl Ethyl Ketone

Mercaptoacetic Acid Thioglycolic Acid

Mesitylene Trimethyl Benzene

Methanal Formaldehyde

Methanamine Methylamine

Methanethiol Methyl Mercaptan

Methanol Methyl Alcohol

Methanone Acetaldehyde

Methoxymethane Dimethyl Ether

Methylacetic Acid Propionic Acid

Methyl Acetone Methyl Ether Ketone

_-Methylacrolein Crotonaldehyde

2-Methylaniline o-Toluidine

3-Methylaniline m-Toluidine

4-Methylaniline p-Toluidine

Methyl-2-Butanone Methyl Isopropyl Ketone

2-Methylbenzeneamine o-Toluidine

3-Methylbenzenamine m-Toluidine

4-Methylbenzenamine p-Toluidine

Methylbenzene Toluene

3-Methyl-1-butanol Isoamyl Alcohol

3-Methyl-1-butanol Acetate Isoamyl Acetate

3-Methyl-2-butanone Methyl Isopropyl Ketone

Methyl Cellosolve 2-Methoxyethanol

Methyl Cyanide Acetonitrite

Methyl Dithiomethane Dimethyl Disulfide


Methyl Glycol 2-Methoxyethanol

2-Methyl-1-Heptanol Isooctyl Alcohol

5-Methyl-3-Heptanone Ethyl Amyl Ketone

5-Methyl-3-Hexanone Methyl Isoamyl Ketone

Methyl Isoamyl Acetate sec-Hexyl Acetate

N-Methylmethanamine Dimethylamine

Methyl 2-Methyl-2-Propenoate

Methyl Methacrylate

N-Methyl-N-Nitrosomethanamine

N-Nitrosodimethylamine

Methyloxidrane Propylene Oxide

2-Methyl-2,4-Pentanediol Hexylene Glycol

4-Methyl-2-Pentanone Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

4-methyl-3-Pentene-2-One Mesityl Oxide

4-Methylpentyl-2-Acetate sec-Hexyl Acetate

Methylphenol Cresol, all isomers

4-Methyl-1,3-Phenylenediisocyanate

Toluene-2,4- or 2,6-Diisocyanate

Methyl 2-Propenoate Methyl Acrylate

2-Methylpropenoic Acid Methacrylic Acid

1-Methyl Propanol sec-Butyl Alcohol

2-Methyl-1-Propanol Isobutyl Alcohol

2-Methyl-2-Propanol tert-Butyl Alcohol

2-Methyl-2-Propenitrile Methacrylonitrile

2-Methylpropyl Acetate Isobutyl Acetate

2-Methylpyridine Picolines

MIBK Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

MIC Methyl Isocyanate

MIPK Methyl Isopropyl Ketone

Monochlorobenzene Chlorobenzene

Monoethyl Ether of Ethylene Glycol

2-Ethoxyethanol

Necatorina Carbon Tetrachloride

Nitro Methyl Parathion

Nitrox Methyl Parathion

1-NP 1-Nitropropane

2-NP 2-Nitropropane

3-Octanone Ethyl Amyl Ketone

Orthodichloro Benzene Dichlorobenzene, o-isomer

133




Oxacyclopentadiene Furan

Oxirane Ethylene Oxide

2-Oxobutane Methyl Ethyl Ketone

Oxocyclohexane Cyclohexanone

Oxybenzene Phenol

Oxybismethane Dimethyl Ether

PAN Phthalic Anhydride

Parazene Dichlorobenzene, p-isomer

Paracide Dichlorobenzene, p-isomer

Parton M Methyl Parathion

Pentanal n-Valeraldehyde

1,5-Pentanedial Glutaraldehyde

1-Pentanol Amyl Alcohol

2-Pentanone Methyl Propyl Ketone

3-Pentanone Diethyl Ketone

Pentyl Acetate n-Amyl Acetate

Perchlorocyclopentadiene Hexachloro-1.3-Cyclopentadiene

Perchloromethane Carbon Tetrachloride

PGDN Propylene Glycol Dinitrate

Phenacyl Chloride 2-Chloracetophenone

Phenyl Benzene Biphenyl

N-Phenylbenzene Amine Diphenylamine

Phenyl Chloride Chlorobenzene

Phenyl Ethane Ethyl Benzene

Phenyl Ethylene Styrene, Monomer

Phenyl Hydroxide Phenol

Phenylic Acid Phenol

Phenylmethane Toluene

Phenylmethyl Acetate Benzyl Acetate

2-Phenyl-1-Propane Methyl Styrene

Phosphorothiol Methyl Parathion

Propanal Propionaldehyde

2-Propanamine Isopropylamine

1,2-Propanediol Propylene Glycol

1,2-Propanediol Dinitrate Propylene Glycol Dinitrate

Propane Nitrile Acrylonitrile

Propane Oxide Propylene Oxide


Propanoic Acid Propionic Acid

1-Propanol Propyl Alcohol

2-Propanol Isopropyl Alcohol

2-Propanone Acetone

2-Propenal Acrolein

Propene Propylene

Propene Acid Acrylic Acid

Propenenitrile Acrylonitrile

Propene Oxide Propylene Oxide

Propenoic Acid Acrylic Acid

2-Propenoic Acid Acrylic Acid

2-Propenoic Acid Butyl Ester n-Butyl Acrylate

2-Propen-1-ol Allyl Alcohol

1-Propenol-3 Allyl Alcohol

2-Propenyl Isothiocyanate Allyl Isothiocyanate

Propional Propionaldehyde

2-Propylamine Isopropylamine

Propylene Chloride N,N-Dimehtylacetamide

Santochlor Dichlorobenzene, p-isomer

Silicic Acid Tetraethyl Ester Ethyl Silicate

TCE Trichloroethylene

Termitkiln Dichlorobenzene, o-isomer

sym-Tetrachlorethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachlorethane

Tetrachloroethene Perchloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene Perchloroethylene

Tetrachloromethane Carbon Tetrachloride

3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-4,7-Methanoindene

Dicyclopentadiene

Tetramethylene Oxide Tetrahydrofuran

THF Tetrahydrofuran

Thiophenol Phenyl Mercaptan

TMA Trimethylamine

Toluol Toluene

Tribromoethane Bromoform

1,1,1-Trichloroethane Methyl Chloroform

Triiodomethane Iodoform

1,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]-2-Heptanone

Camphor

134




3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexenone

Isophorone

Trioxychlorofluoride Perchloryl Fluoride

Vinyl Benzene Styrene, monomer

Vinyl Carbinol Allyl Alcohol

Vinyl Cyanide Acrylonitrile

Vinyl Formic Acid Acrylic Acid

Wofatos Methyl Parathion

135


Table 6.6 – Chemical Abstract Numbers & Chemical Names


Chemical Abstract Number (CAS) in numerical order

Chemical Name

Table 6.6 – Chemical Abstract Numbers

CAS # Chemical Name

50-00-0 Formaldehyde

54-11-5 Nicotine

56-23-5 Carbon Tetrachloride

57-06-7 Allyl Isothiocyanate

57-14-7 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

57-55-6 Propylene Glycol

60-24-2 Mercaptoethanol

60-29-7 Ethyl Ether

60-34-4 Methyl Hydrazine

62-53-3 Aniline

62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine

64-17-5 Ethyl Alcohol

64-18-6 Formic Acid

64-19-7 Acetic Acid

67-56-1 Methyl Alcohol

67-63-0 Isopropyl Alcohol

67-64-1 Acetone

67-66-3 Chloroform

68-11-1 Thiogylcolic Acid

68-12-2 Dimethyl Formamide

71-23-8 Propyl Alcohol

71-36-3 n-Butyl Alcohol

71-41-0 Pentanol, all isomers

71-43-2 Benzene

71-55-6 Methyl Chloroform

74-82-8 Methane

74-84-0 Ethane

74-85-1 Ethylene

74-86-2 Acetylene

74-87-3 Methyl Chloride

74-89-5 Methylamine

CAS # Chemical Name

74-90-8 Hydrogen Cyanide

74-93-1 Methyl Mercaptan

74-96-4 Ethyl Bromide

74-98-6 Propane

75-00-3 Ethyl Chloride

75-01-4 Vinyl Chloride

75-04-7 Ethylamine

75-05-8 Acetonitrile

75-07-0 Acetaldehyde

75-08-1 Ethyl Mercaptan

75-09-2 Methylene Chloride

75-15-0 Carbon Disulfide

75-18-3 Dimethyl Sulfide

75-21-8 Ethylene Oxide

75-25-2 Bromoform

75-28-5 Butane, all isomers

75-31-0 Isopropylamine

75-34-3 1,1-Dichloroethane

75-35-4 Vinylidene chloride

75-44-5 Phosgene

75-45-6 Chlorodifluoromethane

75-47-8 Iodoform

75-50-3 Trimethylamine

75-52-5 Nitromethane

75-56-9 Propylene Oxide

75-65-0 tert-Butyl Alcohol

75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane

75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane

75-83-2 Hexane, all isomers except n-hexane


76-03-9 Trichloroacetic acid

136


Table 6.6 – Chemical Abstract Numbers, cont.

CAS # Chemical Name

76-06-2 Chloropicrin

76-22-2 Camphor, synthetic

77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene

77-73-6 Dicyclopentadiene

78-10-4 Ethyl Silicate

78-59-1 Isophorone

78-78-4 Pentane, all isomers

78-79-5 Isoprene

78-83-1 Isobutyl Alcohol

78-84-2 Isobutyraldehyde

78-87-5 Propylene Dichloride

78-92-2 sec-Butyl Alcohol

78-93-3 Methyl Ethyl Ketone

78-94-4 Methyl Vinyl Ketone

79-01-6 Trichloroethylene

79-09-4 Propionic Acid

79-10-7 Acrylic Acid

79-11-8 Monochloroacetic Acid

79-20-9 Methyl Acetate

79-27-6 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane


79-34-5 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

79-41-4 Methacrylic acid

79-43-6 Dichloroacetic Acid

79-46-9 2-Nitropropane

80-15-9 Cumene Hydroperoxide

80-56-8 Turpentine & selected monoterpenes

80-62-6 Methyl Methacrylate

84-66-2 Diethyl Phthalate

84-74-2 Dibutyl Phthalate

85-44-9 Phthalic Anhydride

91-08-7 Toluene Diisocyanate

91-20-3 Naphthalene

91-22-5 Quinoline

91-57-6 2-Methylnaphthalene

91-59-8 2-Naphthylamine

92-52-4 Biphenyl

CAS # Chemical Name

93-82-8 Cumene

95-13-6 Indene

95-47-6 Xylene (o-, m-, p- isomers)

95-48-7 Cresol, all isomers

95-49-8 Chlorotoluene, o-isomer

95-50-1 Dichlorobenzene, o- isomer

95-53-4 o-Toluidine

95-63-6 Trimethyl Benzene, all isomers

96-12-8 2,3-Dibromo-1-Chloropropane


96-22-0 Diethyl Ketone

96-33-3 Methyl Acrylate


98-00-0 Furfuryl Alcohol

98-01-1 Furfural

98-51-1 p-tert-Butyl toluene

98-82-8 Cumene

98-83-9 Methyl Styrene

98-86-2 Acetophenone

98-88-4 Benzoyl Chloride

98-95-3 Nitrobenzene

100-37-8 2-Diethylaminoethanol

100-41-4 Ethyl Benzene

100-42-5 Styrene, monomer

100-44-7 Benzyl Chloride

100-52-7 Benzaldehyde

100-61-8 N-Methyl Aniline

100-74-3 N-Ethylmorpholine

101-68-8 Methylene Bisphenyl Isocyanate

102-71-6 Triethanolamine

105-05-5 Diethylbenzenes, mixed isomers

105-46-4 sec-Butyl Acetate

105-60-2 Caprolactam



106-46-7 Dichlorobenzene, p-isomer

106-49-0 p-Toluidine

137



CAS # Chemical Name

106-51-4 Quinone

106-89-8 Epichlorohydrin

106-93-4 Ethylene Dibromide

106-97-8 Butane, all isomers

106-98-9 Butenes, all isomers

106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene


107-02-8 Acrolein

107-05-1 Allyl Chloride

107-06-2 Ethylene Dichloride

107-07-3 Ethylene Chlorohydrin

107-13-1 Acrylonitrile

107-15-3 Ethylenediamine

107-18-6 Allyl Alcohol

107-21-1 Ethylene Glycol

107-31-3 Methyl Formate

107-41-5 Hexylene glycol


107-87-9 Methyl Propyl Ketone

107-98-2 1-Methyoxy-2-Propanol

108-03-2 1-Nitropropane

108-05-4 Vinyl Acetate

108-08-7 Heptane, all isomers

108-10-1 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

108-11-2 4-Methyl-2-Pentanol

108-18-9 Diisopropylamine

108-20-3 Isopropyl Ether

108-21-4 Isopropyl Acetate

108-24-7 Acetic Anhydride

108-31-6 Maleic Anhydride



108-44-1 m-Toluidine

108-65-6 1-Methoxy-2-Propyl Acetate


108-83-8 Diisobutyl Ketone

108-84-9 sec-Hexyl Acetate

CAS # Chemical Name

108-87-2 Methylcyclohexane

108-88-3 Toluene

108-89-4 Picolines

108-90-7 Chlorobenzene

108-91-8 Cyclohexylamine

108-93-0 Cyclohexanol

108-94-1 Cyclohexanone

108-95-2 Phenol

108-98-5 Phenyl Mercaptan

108-99-6 Picolines

109-06-8 Picolines

109-60-4 n-Propyl Acetate


109-73-9 n-Butylamine

109-79-5 Butyl Mercaptan

109-86-4 2·Methoxyethanol

109-89-7 Diethylamine

109-94-4 Ethyl Formate

109-99-9 Tetrahydrofuran

110-00-9 Furan

110-12-3 Methyl Isoamyl Ketone

110-19-0 Isobutyl Acetate

110-43-0 Methyl n-amyl Ketone

110-49-6 2·Methoxyethyl Acetate

110-54-3 n-Hexane

110-62-3 n-Valeraldehyde

110-80-5 2-Ethoxyethanol

110-82-7 Cyclohexane

110-83-8 Cyclohexene

110-86-1 Pyridine

110-89-4 Piperdine

110-91-8 Morpholine

111-15-9 2-Ethoxyethyl Acetate

111-27-3 n-Hexyl Alcohol

111-30-8 Glutaraldehyde

111-42-2 Diethanolamine

111-65-9 Octane, all isomers

138



CAS # Chemical Name

111-66-0 1-Octene

111-76-2 2-Butoxyethanol

111-84-2 Nonane

111-87-5 1-Octanol

111-90-0 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol

111-92-2 Dibutylamine

112-07-2 2-Butoxyethyl Acetate

112-55-0 Dodecyl Mercaptan

115-07-1 Propylene

115-10-6 Dimethyl Ether


120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

120-83-2 2,4-Dichlorophenol

121-33-5 Vanillin

121-44-8 Triethylamine

121-45-9 Trimethyl Phosphite

121-69-7 Dimethylaniline

122-39-4 Diphenylamine

123-38-6 Propionaldehyde

123-42-2 Diacetone Alcohol

123-51-3 Isoamyl Alcohol

123-54-6 2,4-Pentanedione

123-72-8 Butyraldehyde

123-73-9 Crotonaldehyde

123-86-4 n-Butyl Acetate

123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane

123-92-2 Isoamyl Acetate

124-02-7 Diallylamine

124-09-4 1,6-Hexanediamine

124-38-9 Carbon Dioxide

124-40-3 Dimethylamine

126-98-7 Methacrylonitrile

126-99-8 b-Chloroprene

127-18-4 Perchloroethylene

127-19-5 N,N-Dimethylacetamide


134-32-7 1-Naphthylamine & selected monoterpenes

CAS # Chemical Name


137-05-3 Methyl 2-Cyanoacrylate


138-22-7 n-Butyl lactate

138-86-3 d-Limonene

140-11-4 Benzyl Acetate

140-88-5 Ethyl Acrylate

141-32-2 n-Butyl Acrylate

141-43-5 Ethanolamine

141-78-6 Ethyl Acetate

141-79-7 Mesityl Oxide



151-56-4 Ethyleneimine

151-67-7 Halothane

156-59-2 1,2-Dichloroethylene, all isomers


298-00-0 Methyl Parathion

302-01-2 Hydrazine

431-03-8 Diacetyl

460-19-5 Cyanogen

463-58-1 Carbonyl Sulfide


506-77-4 Cyanogen Chloride


532-27-4 2-Chloroacetophenone

534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol



540-88-5 tert-Butyl Acetate

541-85-5 Ethyl Amyl Ketone

542-75-6 1,3-Dichloropropene

542-92-7 Cyclopentadiene

563-80-4 Methyl Isopropyl Ketone


583-60-8 2-Methylcyclohexanone

584-84-9 Toluene 2,4- or 2,6-Diisocyanate

139


CAS # Chemical Name





591-78-6 Methyl n-Butyl Ketone

592-41-6 1-Hexene

624-41-9 2-Methyl Butyl Acetate


624-83-9 Methyl Isocyanate

624-92-0 Dimethyl Disulfide

628-63-7 n-Amyl Acetate

646-06-0 1,3-Dioxolane

822-06-0 1,6-Diisocyanatohexane

872-05-9 1-Decene

872-50-4 n-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone


1330-20-7 Xylene (o-,m-, p- isomers)

1634-04-4 Methyl tert-Butyl Ether

2551-62-4 Sulfur Hexafluoride

4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde

5392-40-5 Citral


6423-43-4 Propylene Glycol Dinitrate

7446-09-5 Sulfur Dioxide

7553-56-2 Iodine

7616-94-6 Perchloryl Fluoride

7637-07-2 Boron Trifluoride

7647-01-0 Hydrogen Chloride

7664-39-3 Hydrogen Fluoride

7664-41-7 Ammonia

7664-93-9 Sulfuric Acid

7697-37-2 Nitric Acid

7726-95-6 Bromine

7782-41-4 Fluorine

7782-50-5 Chlorine

7783-06-4 Hydrogen Sulfide

7783-07-5 Hydrogen Selenide

CAS # Chemical Name

7783-41-7 Oxygen Difluoride

7784-42-1 Arsine



7803-51-2 Phosphine


8014-95-7 Sulfuric Acid

10028-15-6 Ozone

10049-04-4 Chlorine Dioxide

10102-44-0 Nitrogen Dioxide

13463-39-3 Nickel Carbonyl


16219-75-3 Ethylidene Norbornene

17702-41-9 Decaborane

19287-45-7 Diborane

19624-22-7 Pentaborane




26952-21-6 Isooctyl Alcohol

60435-70-3 Isooctyl Alcohol



140


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