T-34B GROUND SCHOOL

OUTLINE •  Commercial Requirements •  Insurance Mins •  Basic Info •  Systems •  Limitations •  Performance Charts •  Questions

COMMERCIAL REQUIREMENTS •  § 61.129 Aeronautical experience. •  (a) For an airplane single-engine rating. Except as provided in paragraph (i)

of this section, a person who applies for a commercial pilot certificate with an airplane category and single-engine class rating must log at least 250 hours of flight time as pilot that consist of at least— •  (1) 100 hours in powered aircraft of which 50 hours must be in airplanes;

•  (2) 100 hours of pilot-in-command time which includes at least— •  (i) 50 hours in airplanes; and

•  (ii) 50 hours in cross country flight of which at least 10 hours must be in airplanes.

COMMERCIAL REQUIREMENTS CONT. •  3) 20 hours of training on the areas of operation listed in §61.127(b)(1) of this part that

includes at least—

•  (i) Ten hours of instrument training using a view-limiting device including attitude instrument flying, partial panel skills, recovery from unusual flight attitudes, and intercepting and tracking navigational systems. Five hours of the 10 hours required on instrument training must be in a single engine airplane;

•  (ii) 10 hours of training in a single engine airplane that has a retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller, or is turbine-powered

•  (iii) One 2-hour cross country flight in a single engine airplane in daytime conditions that consists of a total straight-line distance of more than 100 nautical miles from the original point of departure;

•  (iv) One 2-hour cross country flight in a single engine airplane in nighttime conditions that consists of a total straight-line distance of more than 100 nautical miles from the original point of departure; and

•  (v) Three hours in a single engine airplane with an authorized instructor in preparation for the practical test within the preceding 2 calendar months from the month of the test.

COMMERCIAL REQUIREMENTS CONT. •  (4) Ten hours of solo flight time in a single engine airplane or 10 hours of flight time

performing the duties of pilot in command in a single engine airplane with an authorized instructor on board (either of which may be credited towards the flight time requirement under paragraph (a)(2) of this section), on the areas of operation listed under §61.127(b)(1) that include—

•  (i) One cross-country flight of not less than 300 nautical miles total distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, one of which is a straight-line distance of at least 250 nautical miles from the original departure point.

•  and

•  (ii) 5 hours in night VFR conditions with 10 takeoffs and 10 landings (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with an operating control tower.

Electronic link to current Commercial Airplane Practical Test Standards:

http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/airmen/test_standards/pilot/media/FAA-S-8081

TRIDENT AIRCRAFT MINIMUMS •  Commercial Pilot Certificate with an Instrument Rating

•  300hrs Total Time

•  50hrs Retractable

•  10hrs Make and Model

•  If prior T-34A or T-34C time; check out with John needed

BASIC INFO •  Beech Aircraft Corporation T-34B •  2 place tandem navy trainer. Dual flight controls, tricycle landing gear, constant speed

prop. •  Dimensions

•  Wing span- 32.8 feet •  Length- 25.9 feet •  Height- 9.6 feet

•  Gross Weight (takeoff & landing)- 3,000lbs •  Empty weight- ~ 2,300lbs •  Take off distance (standard day, max gross, SL) ~1300ft •  Landing ground roll (standard day, max gross, SL) ~430ft •  Cruise speed ~160 KIAS •  Service Ceiling 20,000ft

SYSTEMS •  Engine •  Cooling •  Oil •  Fuel •  Electrical •  Landing Gear •  Environmental •  Propeller •  Flaps

ENGINE COOLING

OIL SYSTEM •  Typical wet sump system •  Oil cooler, oil filter, bypass, check valve

•  12 Qt sump •  15W-50 oil for most conditions •  No more need for 3 gal oil tank. •  No inverted system

FUEL SYSTEM •  Two tank system. 1 in each wing, gravity fed •  Fuel Quantity

•  25 gal each tank •  50 gal total usable •  0.3 gal unusable •  3.0 gal expansion space

•  100LL / 100 •  Feeds into sump tank •  Booster pump in sump tank provides adequate pressure if engine driven pump fails •  Booster pump runs continuously when fuel valve and Master switch is ON •  Booster pump failure when fuel pressure is decreased form normal operation •  Also have emergency fuel pump activated by Emergency Fuel Pump switch

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM •  DC and AC system

•  28-volt AC system

•  60-ampere engine driven alternator

•  24-volt battery

•  Voltage regulator maintains alternator voltage at 28

•  Alternator cuts in at 700 rpm and reaches full output at 1000 rpm

•  Attitude and directional indicators powered through two 100-ampere inverters

•  1 inverter for normal use and other for standby, warning light will illuminate if failure occurs, manual inverter selection is needed if primary fails

LANDING GEAR •  Fully retractable gear •  Free castering nose wheel •  Electrically operated by single reversible DC motor

•  Stays in retracted position by uplocks •  No downlocks, stays down because overcenter pivot of the linkage provides a geometric

locking effect. Linkage is spring loaded to locked position •  Safety switch on right main gear prevents accidental gear up on ground, WOW •  Do not retract gear with deflated shock strut, very small tolerances between tire and wheel well •  Gear retraction should last 7 to 9 sec, 12 sec max •  Gear position indicator shows:

•  UP if gear is safely locked up •  Crosshatch in-transit or unsafe •  a Wheel if gear is safely down

LANDING GEAR CONT. •  Gear warning horn sounds when:

•  Gear lever is moved up while on the ground

•  Throttle reduced to ~14 in. hg. if any gear not extended

Gear silence horn located on left side of cockpit

DO NOT pull emergency retraction switch

Emergency extension crank used only in emergency to extend gear manually

~37 turns will extend gear fully

To use emergency crank: move clutch knob AFT (to unlock) then push DOWN on clutch knob to engage the crank

Crank must be disengaged before normal operation of the gear. If not the crank will spin rapidly causing possible injury.

LANDING GEAR CONT. •  Landing gear extend & retract speed:

•  100KIAS

•  Make sure gear is fully retracted or extended before moving gear handle

•  Could twist and break the push-pull rod

•  Extend and retract only when straight and level

PROPELLER •  3 Blade McCulley prop •  Constant speed prop •  Adjust propeller RPM with prop lever •  Movement of the prop lever adjusts oil to and from prop hub to

vary pitch

FLAPS •  Electrically operated •  Slot-type •  Operated by wing flap lever •  UP •  OFF •  DOWN

•  Flap Gauge read in % (not degrees)

LIMITATIONS •  Engine

•  Max 2700 RPM

•  Min Idle 600RPM •  Oil Pressure:

•  Normal 30-60psi •  Min 10psi

•  12 quarts oil Max •  Oil temp:

•  Min for T/O 75*F

•  240*F Max •  CHT temp:

•  Recommended max at cruise: 380*F •  Max: 460*F

LIMITATIONS CONT. •  Max gross: 3,000lbs

•  Vne: 240 KIAS

•  With flaps and gear extended: 110 KIAS

•  Acceleration limitation: +6 G, -3 G

•  Consult manual for proper Acceleration Limits graph

•  +4.0 G’s for all gross weights

•  Ours have no inverted systems

•  Aerobatics Prohibited

•  CG limit: Consult POH

V SPEEDS •  V never exceed: 240KIAS

•  110KIAS with gear and flaps extended

•  V rotate: 55KIAS

•  V lift off: 60-65KIAS

•  Vs dirty: 49KIAS

•  Vs clean: 59KIAS

•  V final approach: 70KIAS

•  V glide: 90KIAS

PERFORMANCE •  Charts are different because of new engine

•  Most resembles an F-33 Bonanza. Most closely resembles our aircraft

•  Plan for about 15 gal/hr for cruise

•  Plan for 1300ft take off ground roll on std day, max gross, SL

•  Plan for 500ft landing ground roll on std day, max gross, SL

T-34B NATOPS MANUAL

http://www.t-34.com/documents/manuals/T-34B_NATOPS_Flt_Man_NAVAIR_01-90KDB-1-searchable.pdf

QUESTIONS?