SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN EDUCATION

A review of the past years educational budget, the present budget plan and future goals in

Philippine education

THE NATIONAL EDUCATION BUDGET (2012-2013)

Php 238.8 (US $ 5.49 billion) Its education budget is 17% of the

national budget. Per Student

Php 5,915 (US 138) – as of 2005

ENROLLMENT (2012-2013) Primary:

1.73 million kindergartens14 million elementary school students

Secondary:5.76 million (excluding senior high school

students)

TOTAL: 21.49 million(Post secondary Unknown)

ENROLLMENT AND COMPLETION RATE

POPULATION ENROLLMENT AND OUT OF SCHOOL YOUTH

PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Implement a 12-year basic education

cycle Ensure universal pre-schooling for all Create a sub-system within the

education system for all Muslim Filipino(“Madaris system”)

Bring back technical vocational education in high school

PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Ensure that “every child (is) a reader”

by grade 1.

Improve science and math proficiency

Provide assistance to private schools as partners in basic education

PRESIDENT AQUINO VOWS TO FIX TEN THINGS IN BASIC EDUCATION: Use the mother tongue as the medium

of instruction from pre-school to grade3 Improve quality of textbooks Build more schools with the help of

LGUs

REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET  The 2011 budget for basic education is

P207.27 billion

It grew by 18.46% (P32billion) from the 2010 basic education budget of P175 billion.

The allotment for basic education is 12.06% of the P1.645 trillion national government budget.

REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET The DepEd is the top department to

receive the highest budget allocation. It is followed by DPWH (P110.6 B), DND (P104.7 B), DILG (P88.2 B), DA (P37.7 B) and DSWD (P34.3 B).

Based on the P207.27 billion DepEd budget and the total number of school-agepopulation (22.71 million, age 6-15),the government spending to basic education per student per day, in real value, is P24.97.

REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET On the other hand, the per capita per

day spending, also in real value, is P5.79.

Out of the P7.69 trillion gross domestic product (2009), only 22.42% of that amount is allotted for the total proposed national government spending for 2011 (P1.65trillion).

The basic education sector will get a mere 2.69% (P207 billion)share of the total GDP.

REVIEW OF THE 2011 BUDGET Adding to this the share of tertiary

education will make it a total of 3.0%, less than half of the 6% education budget recommended by UNESCO (P461 billion). The World Bank, on the other hand, recommends 20% as the average share of education budget in developing countries. 20% of the P1.645trillion budget is P329 B.

2011 BUDGET, SHORTAGES, TARGET AND DEFICIT

2011 BUDGET, SHORTAGES, TARGET AND DEFICIT

ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET K-12: a step in the wrong direction

Shortages vs. K-12

How can basic education qualitatively function in the context of the dire shortages?

What benefit would K-12 bring if students, in the first place, have no sufficient classrooms to study in, chairs to seat on, teachers to learn from, and textbooks to read?

ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET The Aquino gov’t considers addressing

the shortages low priority

ISSUES/PROBLEMS IN EDUCATIONAL BUDGET Corruption cases

Corruption practices: Bribes and pay-offs Embezzlement Criteria bypass Academic fraud Unethical individual behavior Favoritism Nepotism Pork barrel

CORRUPTION CASES: There was the so-called noodle scam

involving a contract awarded by DepEd in 2007 to a supplier that sold noodles at a staggering P18 per pack when the market price was only P4.50.

Before that, there was the textbook scam, with whistleblower Antonio Go alleging that the numerous errors in textbooks used in public schools resulted from an allegedly “secretive" evaluation process that “breeds graft and corruption."

THINGS TO CONSIDER IN BUDGETTING: Basic expenditures may include:

Teacher’s salariesOther staff salariesSupplies and educational materialsSchool construction and maintenanceTransportationOther running expenditures In emergency, one might add the following:

Re-establishement of infrastractures Re-establishment of information and

communication system

2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL

2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL

2012 BUDGET PROPOSAL The Philippine Constitution has

mandated the government to allocate the highest proportion of its budget to education. However, the Philippines still has one of the lowest budget allocations among the ASEAN countries. (Philippine Constitution: Article XIV , section 5)

PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION:

Upgrade the teachers salary scale. Teachers have been underpaid; thus there is very little incentive for most of them to take up advanced trainings.

Amend the current system of budgeting for education across regions, which is based on participation rates and units costs. This clearly favors the more developed regions. There is a need to provide more allocation to lagging regions to narrow the disparity across regions.

 

PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION: Stop the current practice of subsidizing

state universities and colleges to enhance access.

Get all the leaders in business and industry to become actively involved in higher education.

PROPOSED REFORMS IN EDUCATION: Develop a rationalized apprenticeship

program with heavy inputs from the private sector. Furthermore, transfer the control of technical training to industry groups which are more attuned to the needs of business and industry.

BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232      SEPTEMBER 11, 1982 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE

ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

CHAPTER 5School Finance and Assistance

Section 33. Declaration of Policy - It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State that the national government shall contribute to the financial support of educational programs pursuant to goals of education as declared in the Constitution.

BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232      SEPTEMBER 11, 1982 Adopt measures to broaden access to

education through financial assistance and other forms of incentives to schools, teachers, pupils and students; and

Encourage and stimulate private support to education through, inter alia, fiscal and other assistance measures.

REFERENCES: Budget and financial management by IIEP-

UNESCO Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fifteenth Congress, Republic of the Philippines

(First Regular Session), House bill No. 602 and No. 363

Issues in Philippine Education: In Retrospect By Engr. Herman M. Lagon

Rationalizing Failures:The Philippine Government in the Education Sector By Ramon Guillermo

BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232      September 11, 1982

RESEARCHED AND REPORTED BY:

Jennifer S. Danila MA Education – Biological Science