WHAT IS SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN? System Analysis and Design refers to the process of developing & examining a process with the intent of improving it through better procedures and methods.

NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (SAD)

Installing a system without proper planning leads to user dissatisfaction and frequently leads to system failure and as such SAD is needed for proper planning in structure, analysis and design of systems.With system analysis and design, Analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.System analysis and design is used to analyze, design and implements improvements in the support of users and functioning of businesses.

Role

SCOPE

1. Requirements Determinations2. Requirements Specifications3. Feasibility Analysis4. Final Specifications5. Hardware Study6. System Design & Implementation7. System Evaluation8. System Modification

GENERAL PROCEDUREStep 1: REQUIREMENTS DETERMINATIONThis is the stage that involves determining the application with the highest priority among discussed applications is outlined. The Application chosen is arrived at as a result of consensus among management.

Step 2: REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATIONAlso known as System Requirements Specification (SRS)This is the understanding of the existing system applications and where a system is required are listed. The changes required are quantitatively analyzed and desired outcomes needed from the systems are listed.

Step 3: FEASIBILITY ANALYSISA feasibility study is a test of a system proposal according to its workability. Impact on the organization, ability to meet user needs, and effective use of resources. It consists of Technical, Operational, Schedule and Economical.

Step 4: FINAL SPECIFICATIONSSpecifications would state what the system would achieve. Specifications drawn up are improved for implementation. Finally System Requirement Specification written is discussed until a consensus is reached.

Step 5: HARDWARE STUDYThe hardware used in project are discussed and analyzed here. Modalities of frequency of reports are also discussed in this stage

Step 6: SYSTEM DESIGN & ImplementationThe design of the system as it is to be implemented in the project is done here. The requirements are met theoretically here with margins of uncertainty. The relevant technical documents consisting of system modification manuals are also prepared here and the special trainings for personnel if required in the life cycle of projects are conducted in this cycle.

Step 7: SYSTEM EVALUATIONThis stage finds out whether the system meets specified requirements. List areas of dissatisfaction and find reasons for them. And finally suggest if there has to be any improvements to the system.

Step 8: SYSTEM MODIFICATIONThis stage involves fixing of minor problems as they are left after the completion of system design and implementation judged through system evaluation. New features on which consensus is reached during later stages might also be added to the system and if need be the less useful features are removed. System tuning is carried out in this stage along with continuous monitoring of the system. Assessing the performance of the system.

ROLE OF A SYSTEM ANALYST

1. Perform analysis and design:He must understand organizations objectives, structure and processes along with the advantages the project might yield on completion.

2. Approach to problem solving:The system analysis must have the all-important problem solving attributes. His job is research and understand the problem at hands thoroughly. Before further evaluations he must verify if the solving particular problem outweighs the cost it incurs. He must concisely develop a step by step set of solutions or alternatives. He must also analyze the solutions to find the best one and put it forward after recommendation along with other alternatives for discussion. He must also define why he chose a particular solution over others. It is his job to see if the desired results are obtained or not.

3. Gather factIt is the part of his job responsibilities to look for facts and figures in relevant system descriptions so that it could be put into use in the design phase. He must be aware of the system limitation of the adjoining systems as well as the system being worked on to ensure smooth operation.

4. System designHe is responsible for designing the system according to the change changes proposed. He should have more than one design options while recommending one design option for further discussion.

5. Evaluating changesHis responsibilities also include to look into the system after the design to see if the changes and amendments made are in-line with the requirements and specifications while looking for any anomaly which might affect the system or its performance. Conclusion Effective system design and it`s analysis can save a lot of resources during the project execution, therefore special emphasis is laid on this step. The designer should also keep special consideration for HSE issues involved during the further execution. Consideration must also be given to the fact that the system is to be interconnected or integrated to the previously working system. All the risks involved in execution of the project must be compiled carefully and reported as such in order to avoid any kind of inconvenience in the later stages.