US Intervention• During the Syrian Civil War, which began in 2011, the United States first supplied the rebels  with non-lethal aid (including food rations and pickup trucks), but quickly began providing training, cash, and intelligence to selected Syrian rebel commanders.• In August ,21 2013, the United States attributed a large-scale CW attack on the Damascus suburb of Ghouta to the Syrian government. President Obama requested congressional approval of a limited authorization for the use of military force to respond.

• In August,2014 the United States began airstrikes in neighboring Iraq to stop the group’s territorial advance and reduce the threat to U.S. personnel in Iraq.

• In May, 2015 the United States began training the first batch of recruits for the Syria Train and Equip Program. The program was designed to build a local force capable of fighting the Islamic State, protecting opposition-held areas, and “promoting the conditions for a negotiated settlement to end the conflict in Syria.”

Russia intervention

• Russia has been an ally of Syria since 1956 and during the civil war it continued to supply Bashar al-Assad’s government with arms.• In 2012 Russian Military Personnel was manning anti-aircraft defenses.• In 2013 Russia was reported of supplying different aids to the Syrian government.• In 2015 Russia started direct military intervention consisting of air strikes against ISIL, Al-Nusra Front and Ahrar ash-Sham.

Saudi Arabian intervention• The Saudi Arabian involvement in the

Syrian War has involved the large-scale supply of weapons and ammunition to various rebel groups in Syria during the Syrian Civil War

• The Financial Times reported in May 2013 that Saudi Arabia was becoming a larger provider of arms to the various groups.

•  Saudi Arabia has financed a large purchase of infantry weapons, such as Yugoslav-made recoilless guns and the M79 Osa, an anti-tank weapon, from Croatia via shipments shuttled through Jordan.

Turkey intervention• Previously Turkey had good relations with

Syria until 2011 when civil unrest did not start in Syria.

• But now, along with Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Turkey is also providing the Rebel groups with arms.

• On 24 August 2016, the Turkish armed forces began a declared direct military intervention into Syria pursuing as targets both ISIL and the Kurdish-aligned forces in Syria.