synthetic dyeing of indigenous fibers
TRANSCRIPT
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Seminar/Workshop on
Synthetic and NaturalDyeing of Indigenous
Fibers
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Technical Services Division
Philippine Textile Research Institute
Department of Science and Technology
MANDATE
Conduct applied research and development for thetextile and allied industries
Undertake the transfer of completed researches toend-users or via linkage units of other governmentagencies
Undertake technical services and provide trainingprograms
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Activities
1st Part - Scouring/Bleaching of Fibers
2nd Part - Dyeing of Fibers
3rd Part Natural Dyeing
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What is Scouring?
- Process of cleaning the fibers by removing theIMPURITIES that can subsequently interfere with thedyeing process.
Indigenous Fiber
Scouring
Scoured
Indigenous Fiber
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What is Bleaching?
- Removal of the natural coloring matter on thematerial and renders the fibers white.
Why is Bleaching Important?- To hasten dye absorption.
- To be able to produce pastel shades.
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How to do scouring/bleaching?
1. Weigh fibers2. Compute for the volume of water using liquor ratio (LR)
1:503. Compute and weigh chemicals needed:
Hydrogen peroxide, 50% - 9 g/LSodium silicate-2 g/LSoda ash-2 g/L
Detergent-0.5 g/L
4. Boil the computed volume of water5. Add soda ash, sodium silicate, detergent and
fiber/material.6. Add the fibers and hydrogen peroxide when the solution
boils.7. Boil for 30 - 45 minutes.8. Drain, wash and prepare neutralization.
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Neutralization:
1. Measure the same amount of water using liquorratio (LR) 1:50, 1:20 or 1:30.
2. Add 2 ml/L glacial acetic acid and mixthoroughly, then add scoured/bleached material.
3. Soak for 20 minutes at room temperature.
4. Drain the solution, wash and dry the material.
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Sample Calculation for(Scouring/Bleaching)
Weight of material = 5 kilograms
Liquor ratio (LR) = 1:20 (liters-kilograms)Volume of water = wt of materials x LR
= 5 kg x 20 L/kg
= 100 liters
Weight of hydrogen peroxide = 9 g/Liter x 100 Liters
= 900 grams
Weight of soda ash = 2 grams/Liter x 100 liters
= 200 grams
Weight of sodium silicate = 2 grams/Liter x 100 liters
= 200 grams
Weight of non-ionic = 0.5 grams/Liter x 100 liters
= 50 grams
Volume of acetic acid = 2 ml/L x 100 liters
= 200 ml
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Flow Process
Water LR 1:50 Rinse 3x
Sodium Silicate, SodaAsh, Non-ionic Detergent
Indigenous Fibers At boil for 30-45min, HydrogenPeroxide, 50%
Neutralization:
2 mL/L glacial acetic acid
bleached fibers
20 min at room temperature
Rinse, dry
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What is Dyeing?
- Dyeing is the process of imparting color on the fibers.
Scoured/Bleached
Indigenous Fiber
Dyeing (withblue dye)
Dyed
Fibers
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Purpose of Dyeing
To impart attractive hue on the material
To enhance the aesthetic quality of material
To increase the value or cost
To cope up with the growing demand of fashion
To survive in the growing competition in the
global market.
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How to do Basic Dyeing?
Weigh fibers/material
Compute volume of water using the liquor ratio of
1:20, 1:30 or 1:50.
Compute and measure the amount of other chemicals needed
Recipe:
Basic dye-x% (weight of fiber/material) pasted
with equal amount of 40% acetic acidGlaubers salt (Sodium Sulfate)- 10 g/L
Glacial Acetic Acid 2 ml/L
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Measure amount of water needed.
Add glacial acetic acid. Soak material in the solution for 10minutes
Add pre-dissolved dye. Stir.
Bring the solution to boil.
Add pre-dissolved glaubers or common salt. Maintain the
boiling temperature for 30-45 minutes.
Drain, wash, rinse until water is clear. Air dry
Note: To have a level dyeing or to avoid uneven dyeing, take out the
material in every addition of dyes or chemical
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Sample Calculation for Production(Basic Dyeing)
Weight of material = 5 kilograms
Liquor ratio (LR) = 1:20 (kilograms-liter)
Volume of water = wt of materials x LR
= 5 kg x 20 kg/L
= 100 liters
Weight of glaubers salt = 10 g/Liter x 100 Liters
= 1000 grams
Weight of glacial acetic acid = 2 ml//Liter x 100 liters
= 200 ml
Weight of dye (2.5%) = 2.5%/100 x 5000 grams
= 125 grams
Weight of 40% acetic acid = 125 grams
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Flow Process for Basic Dyeing
Water (LR 1:50)glacial acetic acidto pH 4-5indigenous fibers
Rinse (3x)
30-45 min at boil
10 min
dyestuff
Glaubers salt
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What is Color matching
Color matching is the system wherein you canformulate shade/s by using small quantities of
sample/s by using the trial and error method inobtaining the desired shade/s.
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To visualize color shades here are some colorcombinations to consider:
From Primary Colors
+
+
+
red
red
blue
blue
yellow
yellow
violet
orange
green
To Secondary Colors
Note that in this particular color combinations there is NO Specific Percentage of each color.
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Procedures on Color matching:
1. Prepare stock solutions of dyestuffs to be used for Colormatching (example: 1% stock solution means: 1gram ofdyestuff to be dissolve in 100 ml water).
2. Prepare several samples for color matching from the materialsto be used in dyeing or production.
3. Compute for the auxiliaries and dyestuffs in accordance toformula given for each color of the desired shade.
4. Compute volume of water sing liquor ratio (LR) 1:100.
5. Measure volume of computed dyestuffs from the stock solutionusing pipettes.
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6. Add volume of measured dyestuffs and subtract it from thecomputed volume of water.
7. Proceed to dyeing process.
After drying, compare results with swatch.
1. Repeat trials of adjustment of one dyestuff after the otheruntil such time result will be the same with the desired shade.
2. Final recipe must be filled for references.
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Sample Calculation for Color matching
Example : Apple Green
Use : Stock solution 1.0% each dyes
Weight of sample 10 grams
Liquor ratio 1:100
Recipe : Astrazon Blue A-BG 0.10%
Astrazon Yellow A-8GL 0.50%
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Computations : Blue 0.10%/100% x wt. Sample x stock solutiontherefore 0.001 x 10 gms x 100 ml water/1 gm
blue dye
= 1 ml
Yellow 0.50%/100% x 10 gms x 100 ml water/
1 gm yellow dye
= 5 ml
Total Dyestuffs : 6 mlVolume : 100 ml 6 ml
= 94 ml (actual volume of water)
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ThankThankYouYouThankThankYouYouOffice : Department of Science and
Technology Philippine TextileResearch Institute
Telefax : 837-1325; 837-1338; 837-1157
URL : http://www.ptri.dost.gov.phEmail : [email protected]
Address: Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan,Taguig, Metro Manila