Synthetic Cannabinoids

NOWTHEN &

BRIEF HISTORY OF RECREATIONAL DRUG USE

The First Epidemic1850-1914

• The Chinese immigrate to California •20 Years Later Opium becomes “sporty”•1890’s Opium Dens common place in America•America’s Response

The Explosion - 1960-1970

• 50 years later... America forgot!

• The New Message - Drugs and Altered states are “hip”

• Promote drug use as “normal”

• 76 Million Baby Boomers embrace the drugs and its business opportunities

1970 - 1980• Cocaine -

Expensive, No serious consequences

• Used by the “elite”

• Columbia’s involvement brings down the price of cocaine.

• Mid 80’s - 6 Million Americans using regularly

1986• Death of College

Basketball star Len Bias

• Cocaine found to be dangerous and highly addictive

• People turn away from cocaine for other drugs

• Columbia makes a business move

What about the 90’s?

• Marijuana, inhalants, methamphetamines “first time use” decreased in 1999 (20%) from that of 1981(38%)

• Club Drugs

Synthetic Cannabinoids

• John W. Huffman - Clemson University

• Research for medical uses of cannabinoids as an alternative to medical marijuana

• Published research became available to public

How they Sell it!

• Mixed herbs are sprayed with the synthetic cannabinoids

• Marketed under the name “Incense”

• Labeled as “Not for human Consumption”

How it works• Binds to cannabinoid receptors in the human body, primarily the brain

• Some strains up to 800 times more powerful than THC

• Causes euphoric/numbing sensations.

• Altered Mental Perception and confusion

• Neurological Disturbances

Common Names

• K2 (JWH-018)

• Spice

• Gold

• Genie

• Zohai

• Black Mamba

Each one of these is a different strain

of the synthetic cannabinoid

Side Effects• Pale

• Diaphoresis

• Tremors

• Seizures

• Altered LOC

• Bizarre Behavior

• Respiratory Depression

• Violent Behavior

• Respiratory or Cardiac Arrest

Management• NO KNOWN

ANTIDOTES

• Respiratory Control

• Neurological Care

• Cardiac Care

• Supportive Care

• IV Access

• Oxygen administration

• 12 Lead ECG Monitoring

• Patient safety

• Continued Monitoring

Risks

• Addiction

• Respiratory Compromise

• Hallucinations

• Seizures/Neurological

• Tachycardia

BATH SALTS

Understanding Bath Salts

• Mephedrone

• Why are they called Bath Salts?

• Are they Legal

• The Experience

The Experience• Agitation

• Paranoia

• Hallucinations

• Chest Pain

• Suicidal Ideation

• Hypertension

• Tachycardia

• Psychosis

There is no test for Bath Salts...

A new way to fly...

MOONFLOWERSEEDS

Ingestion of the Seeds

The Moonflower

• Similar to Jimson (Loco) weed & thorn apple

• Anticholinergic Substance blocks neurotransmitters within the nervous system

Effects

• Blurred Vision

• Disorientation

• Hallucinations

• Tachycardia

• Dry Mouth & Skin

• Death

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Presentation

• LSD type behavior

• Pick at clothing

• Act Violently

• Disrobe in public

Nutmeg

• Smoked or Ingested in large quantities

• Effects that can last up to 3 days

• Hallucinations, voices

Inhaling Moth Balls!

• Hallucinations

• Naphthalene - The highly toxic chemical that causes the hallucinations

• N/V, Burning Eyes, Dyspnea, Diarrhea, Anemia (Long term exposure), Confusion, convulsions, coma

Nyquil & Cloricidin • Nyquil & Triple “C”

• DXM, Skittles

• Effects achieved by intentional overdose (8-16 Pills)

• Dextromethorphane

• Taken in large amounts causes a person to hallucinate

QUESTIONS