syndesmology an articulation or joint ( articulationes = juncturae ossium )= is formed by the union...
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SYNDESMOLOGYSYNDESMOLOGY
An articulation or joint An articulation or joint (( articulationes = juncturae articulationes = juncturae ossium )= is formed by the union of ossium )= is formed by the union of two or more bones or cartilage by two or more bones or cartilage by other tissue ( fibrous, elastic or other tissue ( fibrous, elastic or combination).combination).
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SYNOVIALIS / DIARTHROSISSYNOVIALIS / DIARTHROSIS
FACIES ARTICULARISFACIES ARTICULARIS → → FOSSA FOSSA
SYNOVIALISSYNOVIALIS (non articularis) (non articularis)
ARTICULAR CARTILAGARTICULAR CARTILAGEE
ARTICULARISARTICULARIS CAPSULE CAPSULE
LIGAMENTLIGAMENT
DISCUS & MENISCUSDISCUS & MENISCUS
MARGINAL CARTILAGEMARGINAL CARTILAGE
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CAPSULA ARTICULARISCAPSULA ARTICULARIS
LIGAMENTUM CAPSULARIS or MEMBRANA FIBROSA LIGAMENTUM CAPSULARIS or MEMBRANA FIBROSA
→ EXTERNAL LAYER OF JOINT CAPSULE→ EXTERNAL LAYER OF JOINT CAPSULE
MEMBRANA SYNOVIALIS → INTERNAL LAYER OF MEMBRANA SYNOVIALIS → INTERNAL LAYER OF
JOINT CAPSULE :JOINT CAPSULE :
1. PLICAE SYNOVIALIS1. PLICAE SYNOVIALIS
2. VILLI SYNOVIALIS2. VILLI SYNOVIALIS
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LIGAMENTLIGAMENT
EXTRACAPSULARIS INTRACAPSULARIS
LIG. COLLATERALIS LIG. INTEROSSEUS
Strong bands or membranes, usually compose of white fibrousStrong bands or membranes, usually compose of white fibroustissue, which bind the bones togethertissue, which bind the bones together
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Type of Synsarcosis Type of Synsarcosis
It’s in the proximal cranial extremitiesIt’s in the proximal cranial extremities
Position between scapula bone with lateral Position between scapula bone with lateral wall of the thoraxwall of the thorax
Only be supported by tendon and muscles Only be supported by tendon and muscles
Especially in the tetrapedal animalsEspecially in the tetrapedal animals
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ARTICULATIO HUMERIARTICULATIO HUMERI
Facies articularis : cavitas glenoidales os Facies articularis : cavitas glenoidales os
scapula et caput humeriscapula et caput humeri
On the margin of os scapula : labrum On the margin of os scapula : labrum
glenoidalesglenoidales
Membrana fibrosa is attached to labrum Membrana fibrosa is attached to labrum
glenoidales and caput humeriglenoidales and caput humeri
It has ligament glenohumeralis → from It has ligament glenohumeralis → from
tuberculum ossis scapula till tuberositas humerituberculum ossis scapula till tuberositas humeri
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LABRUM GLENOIDALES
TENDON M. BICEPS BRACHII
BURSA BICIPITIS
M. ARTICULARIS
JOINT CAPSULE
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LIG. GLENOHUMERALIS
From: supraglenoid tubercle and end on tuberosities of humerus.
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““TENDONS” TENDONS” SURROUNDING SURROUNDING
SHOULDER JOINTSHOULDER JOINT LATERAL LATERAL M. SUPRASPINATUS, M. M. SUPRASPINATUS, M.
INFRASPINATUS, M. TERES MINORINFRASPINATUS, M. TERES MINOR CRANIAL CRANIAL M. SUBSCAPULARIS M. SUBSCAPULARIS MEDIAL MEDIAL M. BICEPS BRACHII M. BICEPS BRACHII CAUDAL CAUDAL M. TRICEPS BRACHII M. TRICEPS BRACHII VENTRAL VENTRAL M. BRACHIALIS M. BRACHIALIS
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LIG. GLENOHUMERALIS
RETINACULUM HUMERALIS TRANSVERSARIUM
m. Biceps brachiim. Biceps brachii
The shallow, small glenoid cavity of scapula is increased in size andThe shallow, small glenoid cavity of scapula is increased in size anddeepened by deepened by glenoid lip glenoid lip ( labrum glenoidale).( labrum glenoidale).
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DOG ANOTHER ANIMALS
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ARTICULATIO CUBITIARTICULATIO CUBITI
ARTICULATIO HUMEROULNARISARTICULATIO HUMEROULNARIS
ARTICULATIO HUMERORADIALISARTICULATIO HUMERORADIALIS
ARTICULATIO RADIOULNARIS ARTICULATIO RADIOULNARIS
PARS PROXIMALISPARS PROXIMALIS
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FACIES ARTICULARISFACIES ARTICULARIS
FACIES TROCHLEARIS FACIES TROCHLEARIS
OSSIS HUMERALISOSSIS HUMERALIS
FOVEA CAPITULARIS FOVEA CAPITULARIS
OSSIS RADIIOSSIS RADII
INCISSURA TROCHLEARIS INCISSURA TROCHLEARIS
OSSIS ULNAOSSIS ULNA
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OLECRANON
TENDON
M. TRICEPS BRACHII
BURSA SYNOVIALIS
LIGAMENTUM COLLATERALIS MEDIALIS
LIGAMENTUM RADIOULNARE MEDIALIS
SPATIUM INTEROSSEUS
H
U
R
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OS RADIUS ET ULNA SEPERATEOS RADIUS ET ULNA SEPERATE
PARS MEDIAL IS CONNECTED BY PARS MEDIAL IS CONNECTED BY
LIGAMENT INTEROSSEUS LIGAMENT INTEROSSEUS
ANTEBRACHIIANTEBRACHII
PROXIMAL AND DISTAL IS CONNECTED PROXIMAL AND DISTAL IS CONNECTED
BY MEMBRANA INTEROSSEUSBY MEMBRANA INTEROSSEUS
DOG & CATDOG & CAT
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DOG & CAT
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ARTICULATIO SACROILIACAARTICULATIO SACROILIACA
BETWEEN FACIES AURICULARIS BETWEEN FACIES AURICULARIS
ALAE OSSIS SACRUM & FACIES ALAE OSSIS SACRUM & FACIES
AURICULARIS OSSIS ILEUMAURICULARIS OSSIS ILEUM
IS MORE SYNCHONDROSIS THAIS MORE SYNCHONDROSIS THA
N SYNOVIALIS N SYNOVIALIS
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NO JOINT CAPSULE WHICH IS TYPICAL NO JOINT CAPSULE WHICH IS TYPICAL
OF THE SYNOVIALISOF THE SYNOVIALIS
IT HAS FIBROCARTILAGO STRUCTURE IT HAS FIBROCARTILAGO STRUCTURE
WHICH CONNECT ILEUM AND OS WHICH CONNECT ILEUM AND OS
SACRUM SACRUM TYPICAL SYNCHONDROSIS TYPICAL SYNCHONDROSIS
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LIG. SACROILIACA DORSALISLIG. SACROILIACA DORSALIS
LIG. SACRO-LIG. SACRO-TUBEROSUMTUBEROSUM
LIG. SACRO-LIG. SACRO-SPINOSUMSPINOSUM
FOR. ISCHIADICA FOR. ISCHIADICA MAJORMAJOR
FOR. ISCHIADICA MINORFOR. ISCHIADICA MINOR
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LIG. INGUINALISLIG. INGUINALIS
LIG. ILIO LIG. ILIO PECTINEUSPECTINEUS
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MEMBRANA OBTURATORIUSMEMBRANA OBTURATORIUS
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SYMPHYSIS PELVISSYMPHYSIS PELVIS
LIG. PUBICUM CRANIALISLIG. PUBICUM CRANIALIS
LAMINA LAMINA FIBROCARTILAGFIBROCARTILAGO INTERCOXALEO INTERCOXALE
LIG. ISCHIADICUM ARCUATUMLIG. ISCHIADICUM ARCUATUM
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ARTICULATIO COXAEARTICULATIO COXAE
LABRUM LABRUM ACETABULARISACETABULARIS
JOINT JOINT CAPSULECAPSULE
LIG. CAPITIS FEMORISLIG. CAPITIS FEMORIS
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TENDON PREPUBICUMTENDON PREPUBICUM
LIG. ACETABULARIS LIG. ACETABULARIS TRANSVERSARIUSTRANSVERSARIUS
LIG. ACCESSORIUSLIG. ACCESSORIUS
LIG. CAPITIS LIG. CAPITIS FEMORISFEMORIS
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ARTICULATIO GENUARTICULATIO GENU
1.1. ARTC. FEMOROPATELLARISARTC. FEMOROPATELLARIS
2.2. ARTC. FEMOROTIBIALISARTC. FEMOROTIBIALIS
3.3. ARTC. TIBIOFIBULARIS ARTC. TIBIOFIBULARIS
PROXIMALPROXIMAL
COMPOSE OF THREE TYPE OF JOINTS:COMPOSE OF THREE TYPE OF JOINTS:
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LIG. CRUCIATUM CRAN.LIG. CRUCIATUM CRAN.
LIG. CRUCIATUM CAUD.LIG. CRUCIATUM CAUD.
LIG. MENISCOFEMORALISLIG. MENISCOFEMORALIS
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ARTICULAR DISCS AND MENISCIARTICULAR DISCS AND MENISCI
These are plates of fibrocartilage or dense fibrous tissue places between the articular cartilages; they divide the joint cavity partially or completely into two compartments.
They render certain surfaces congruent, allow greater range or variety of movement and diminish concussion
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FIBROCARTILAGO FIBROCARTILAGO PARAPATELLARIS PARAPATELLARIS
MEDIALISMEDIALIS
LIG. PATELLARISLIG. PATELLARIS
LIG. COLLATERALISLIG. COLLATERALIS
MEMBRANA MEMBRANA INTEROSSEUSINTEROSSEUS
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LIGMENTUM LIGMENTUM MENISCOFEMORALISMENISCOFEMORALIS
LIG. CRUCIATUM LIG. CRUCIATUM CAUDALISCAUDALIS
TENDON M. TENDON M. POPLITEUSPOPLITEUS
LIG. MENISCUS LIG. MENISCUS MEDIALISMEDIALIS
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LIG. CRUCIATUM LIG. CRUCIATUM CRANIALISCRANIALIS
LIG. CRUCIATUM LIG. CRUCIATUM CAUDALISCAUDALIS
LIG. MENISCO LIG. MENISCO FEMORALISFEMORALIS
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BURSA BURSA INFRAPATELLARISINFRAPATELLARIS
CORPUS ADIPOSUM CORPUS ADIPOSUM INFRAPATELLARISINFRAPATELLARIS
LIG. CRUCIATUM LIG. CRUCIATUM CRANIALISCRANIALIS
LIG. CRUCIATUM LIG. CRUCIATUM CAUDALISCAUDALIS
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LIG. PEMOROPATELLARISLIG. PEMOROPATELLARIS
TENDON TENDON EXTENSOR EXTENSOR MUSCLESMUSCLES
LIG.COLLATERALISLIG.COLLATERALIS
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LIG. PATELLARISLIG. PATELLARIS
LIG. GENICULARIS LIG. GENICULARIS TRANSVERSARIUMTRANSVERSARIUM
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CANALIS OBTURATORIUSCANALIS OBTURATORIUS
IS PASSED THROUGH BY :IS PASSED THROUGH BY :
1.1. N. OBTURATORIUSN. OBTURATORIUS
2.2. A. OBTURATORIUSA. OBTURATORIUS
3.3. V. OBTURATORIUSV. OBTURATORIUS
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LACUNA MUSCULARISLACUNA MUSCULARIS
IS PASSED THROUGH IS PASSED THROUGH
BY :BY :
1.1. M. ILIOPSOASM. ILIOPSOAS
2.2. N. FEMORALISN. FEMORALIS
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LACUNA VASCULARISLACUNA VASCULARIS
IS PASSED BY :IS PASSED BY :
1.1. A. FEMORALISA. FEMORALIS
2.2. V. FEMORALISV. FEMORALIS