symbian os introduction - tomas-sanchez.comtomas-sanchez.com/material/symbian_introduction.pdf ·...

ICE503 Operating Sytems

Symbian OS IntroductionSymbian OS IntroductionCompany, phones and architectureCompany, phones and architecture

2Tomas Sanchez, 2006 (Original slide set: Kari Salo)

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ProjectProject

# Group Assigned Phone

1KANG JongGuKIM EunjoYUN Donghui

Nokia Communicator 9500

2PARK JongMinKIM ByounohKIM Sungil

Nokia Communicator 9500

3JIN HyunSeokCHOI ChangBaeHAN JuYeun

Nokia 7710

4 KIM GwangHunLee ChangHwan

Nokia 7710

5CHONG PohKitWHANG SeungHyunDAO Yuan

Nokia 7710

6JANG SeongHunPARK TaesooKIM JeongDae

Nokia 7710

7 YOON JunHoYOO HyunJae

N-Gage QD

8YOON SungJuneKIM JangSeongKIM Daehyun

2 x N-Gage QD


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What is SymbianWhat is Symbian

Symbian is an independent, for-profit company whose mission is to establish Symbian OS as the world standard for mobile digital data systems, primarily for use in cellular telecoms

Symbian is a software licensing company that develops and supplies the advanced, open, standard operating system – Symbian OS – for data-enabled mobile phones.

Symbian was established as a private independent company in June 1998


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Owners of Symbian Ltd.


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LicenseesLicensees


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World Mobile OS market


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Psion Computers, Series 5 MXPsion Computers, Series 5 MX

16MB RAM36MHz ARM 710T640 by 240 mono screen Java soft loadedOne month on 2AA batteriesCF card slotIntroduced 2000OS EPOC32 (currently Symbian OS)


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Ericsson R380sEricsson R380s

Smart PhoneSize of a mobile phoneBuilt in PDATouchscreenWAP browserVoice notesSpeaker phoneIntroduced 2001Symbian OS v5


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Size of a mobile phoneFull colour screenEmail messagingWeb/WAP browserBuilt in PDAKeyboardSpeaker phoneIntroduced 2001

Nokia 9210 CommunicatorNokia 9210 Communicator


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Nokia 7650Nokia 7650

First v6.1 Symbian OS phoneOpen platformDigital Camera & MMSGPRS, Bluetooth & IRColour 1/4 VGA5 way joystick selectorNokia’s Series 60 v0.9 Reference DesignIntroduced 2002


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Today – a wide range of phonesToday – a wide range of phones

http://www.symbian.com/phones/index.html


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Symbian OS OverviewSymbian OS Overview

Highly optimised, pre-emptive, multitasking, operating system

redesigned from scratch in 1994 as a 32-bit OS>95% written in C++, some C & assemblerclient-server architecture

More than just an OSclass frameworksuite of organising and communicating applications


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Symbian OS versionsSymbian OS versions

OS versionsEPOC (v5).

OS was renamed to Symbian after that version.Symbian OS 6.0, 6.1Symbian OS 7.0Symbian OS 8.0, 8.1Symbian OS 9.1


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Generic TechnologiesGeneric Technologies

EPOC Release 5HTMLJavaPC ConnectivityIrDASMS

Symbian OS v 6.0

WAPJavaPhone API

Symbian OS v 6.1Bluetooth & GPRSJava MIDPIn-Target App DebuggingEnhanced text manipulation

Symbian OS v 7.0 / 7.0sMultimode ETelECOMHW accelerationIPv6Transport Framework for both HTTP & WAPTest UI called TechViewCodeWarrior IDE supported


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Symbian OS v 8.0Symbian OS v 8.0

Audio and video support for recording, playback and streaming; image conversionSignificant upgrade to Java including CLDC 1.1 (Connected Limited Device Configuration) and multimediaSupport of multiple displays and scalable UIsbetter PAN support: Bluetooth 1.1, USB 1.1Security improvementsSoftware development

J2ME MIDP 2.0 supported by all mainstream Java tools C++

Metrowerks CodeWarriorBorland C++ BuilderX MS Visual Studio

PC emulation environment


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Symbian OS v9.1 – Future of Symbian OS v9.1 – Future of Symbian OSSymbian OS

New Features:RTP (Realtime Transfer Protocol) stack. Bluetooth

support for Bluetooth eSCO and Bluetooth Stereo headset profiles

Platform Security Introduce certificates for applications to perform sensible operations

Developing for Symbian OS – native system and application development in C++ CodeWarrior and (from 2005H2) Eclipse-based IDEs.

Java MIDP 2.0 supported by all mainstream Java tools.


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Symbian OS ArchitectureSymbian OS Architecture

Symbian Base

Symbian Middleware(System Libraries & System Servers)

Symbian Application Engines

Sym

bia

n O

S

<5%

>55%

20%

Phone UIDesign

Phone UIDesign

Phone UIDesign

Phone UIDesign

20%


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Component ArchitectureComponent Architecture

Middle-ware:

BaseKernel ExecutiveKernel Process

User Library

Device Drivers

File Server

Engines ContactsAgenda BrowsingMessagingOffice

Messaging

Application Framework

MultimediaSecurity

Telephony

Comms

Personal Area Networking

Java

s/w install

GSM

TCP

SMS

Image

BlueTooth

GUI framework

certificate management

cryptography

GPRS CDMA

IP HTTP WAP

MMS

POP3 IMAP4 Fax

Sound Video

IR USB

Text Graphics

XVM / Personal Java

MIDP Java Phone


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App UI & Views

Application UIsApplication UIs


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Desktop ViewsDesktop Views


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GUI

App UI & Views

GUI system:Uikon core +Qikon on UIQ,

Avkon on Series 60or Ckon on Series 80

App UI is constructed from controls App UI is constructed from controls in GUIin GUI

Controls


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Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

GUI is constructed from graphics GUI is constructed from graphics librarylibrary


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ApplicationEngine

Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

Data managementData management


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ApplicationEngine

EngineSupport

Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

Support librariesSupport libraries


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ApplicationEngine

Base

EngineSupport

Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

Base provides interface with Base provides interface with hardwarehardware


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Comms

Base

EngineSupport

Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

ApplicationComms

CommsComms

ApplicationEngine


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Comms

ApplicationEngine

Base

EngineSupport

Graphics

GUI

App UI & Views

KVM

Midp/CLDCClasses

Java App

ApplicationComms

JavaJava


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Nokia Software PlatformsNokia Software Platforms

•Series 30 is the lowest-cost platform, designed for entry-level mobile phones that feature voice and basic messaging functionalities

•Series 40 is a versatile, efficient and highly cost-effective feature phone platform, particularly suited for the mobile phone product range

•S60 platform is the world's leading rich smartphone software platform, available for OEM licensing

•Series 80 is a high-end software platform optimized for enterprise Communicators and smartphones, enabling a two-hand operated QWERTY keyboard and a wide screen

http://europe.nokia.com/nokia/0,,71311,00.html





Symbian OS IntroductionSymbian OS IntroductionTools and Building SystemTools and Building System

Series 60


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ToolsTools

Tools for developmentSoftware Development Kit (SDK)

EmulatorIntegrated Development environment (IDE)

Eclipse (Carbide.c++)Visual Studio .NET 2003 (Carbide.vs)CodeWarrior for Symbian OS

Communication for in-device installation


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Installation StepsInstallation Steps

For example, Carbide.c++, Series 60

Download & Install Carbide.c++ Express Edition 1.0http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/0,,034-1001,00.html

Download & Install Symbian Series 60 SDK http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/0,,034-4,00.html

Download & Install ActivePerl-5.6.1.xxx http://www.activestate.com/Products/Download/Download.plex?id=ActivePerl

Install Symbian Connect SoftwareProvided with the phone

http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/0,,034-1001,00.html

http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/0,,034-4,00.html

http://www.activestate.com/Products/Download/Download.plex?id=ActivePerl


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SDK - Directory OverviewSDK - Directory Overview

8.0a

epoc32Emulator, headers and libraries

examples for s60

S60_2nd_FP2_CW

Examples

Series60Doc

Series60Ex

Series60Tools

build

release

tools

include

data

S60 documentation

gcc cross compiler

emulator configuration files

build files

system include files

emulator and other binaries

Symbian

examples for Techview

Extra tools

%EPOCROOT%


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SDK - The EmulatorSDK - The Emulator

What do we use the emulator for?

Program development and testing with built-in debugging facilities (e.g. heap failure tool)Bluetooth, camera and Ethernet can be added as plug-in

C:\> epoc -rel


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SDK - Files & ProgramsSDK - Files & Programs

Phone Drives:

• z: used for ROM

• c: used for Internal storage (RAM)

• d:, e:... : Other drives (CF)

Drive mapping

c: to \epoc32\winscw\c (and other drives)

z: to \epoc32\release\winscw\variant\z

This prevents interference between debugand non-debug emulator variants


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Target BinariesTarget Binaries

Target VariantsWINSCWCW_IDEARM4ARMIThumb

udeb

urel

ARM

ARM4 ARMI THUMB

Projects can be built for the ARM platform in three modes: ARM4 (32-bit), ARMI and THUMB (16-bit)

Phone manufactures specify what ABI to use for a phone

ARMI instruction set runs on both THUMB and ARM4 => best option for 3rd parties


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Building “Hello World”Building “Hello World”

Remember %EPOCROOT%Let's say C:\Symbian\7.0s\S60_v21_CW\

Directory %EPOCROOT%\Series60Ex\helloworldbasic\

bld.inf (in group)helloworld.cpp (and others, in src)helloworld.mmp (in group)

Enter the group and type:

bldmake bldfilesabld build winscw udeb (if working with Code Warrior)

epoc


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bld.inf: This is the build manifest. It simply contains a list of the .mmp files associated with this project. All projects have a bld.inf.

helloworld.cpp: Source code

helloworld.mmp: This is the meta-make file. Symbian has its own build tools and doesn’t use make. Instead using bldmake

PRJ_MMPFILESHelloWorldBasic.mmp


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Run the abld build command

Run the bldmake bldfiles command

Create the project definition files .mmp

Create the component description file bld.inf

The Building Process


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makmakeabld

bldmake.inf

.mmp

abld.bat

.mcp.wins

.arm4

.armi

.thumbCodeWarrior

Command line / emulator Target

invoke

invoke

invoke

calls


Introduction to...


TARGET HelloWorldBasic.appTARGETTYPE appUID 0x100039CE 0x10005B91TARGETPATH \system\apps\helloworldbasic

SOURCEPATH ..\srcSOURCE HelloWorldBasic.cppSOURCE HelloWorldBasicApplication.cpp SOURCE HelloWorldBasicAppView.cppSOURCE HelloWorldBasicAppUi.cppSOURCE HelloWorldBasicDocument.cpp

SOURCEPATH ..\groupRESOURCE HelloWorldBasic.rss

USERINCLUDE ..\inc

SYSTEMINCLUDE \epoc32\include

LIBRARY euser.lib apparc.lib cone.lib eikcore.lib avkon.lib

helloworldbasic.mmp


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TARGET is simply the name of the resulting app.

TARGETTYPE states that we want to build a GUI app. Other options are DLL, etc.

Every app has a unique UID. All GUI apps share the UID 0x100039CE and then have a second unique UID.

The TARGETPATH simply tells the make program where to put the resulting app. It must be a sub directory of \system\apps\.

The rest of the file lists the SOURCES and includes for the project.

As we saw, the .mmp file will live in a directory called “group”. Just a Symbian convention.

helloworld.hrh and helloworld.rss: these are a so-called RESOURCE files. They allow to define the menus and strings for the program without writing actual GUI code.

The rest of the files are includes and library files.


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Object files: C:\Symbian\7.0s\Series60_v21_CW\Epoc32\BUILD\SYMBIAN\7.0S\SERIES60_V21_CW\SERIES60EX\HELLOWORLDBASIC\GROUP\HELLOWORLDBASIC\WINSCW\UDEB

Application file: C:\Symbian\7.0s\Series60_v21_CW\Epoc32\release\winscw\udeb\z\system\apps\HELLOWORLDBASIC

•


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bldmake bldfilesabld makefile cw_ide

bldmake bldfiles abld build armi urel

abld clean winscw udeb

abld reallyclean winscw

For Code Warrior IDE

For ARMI

Remove Build


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Building an Application (.app)Building an Application (.app)

.cpp

cl

link

.obj

.h .rh

.hrh

.rss

epocrc.rsg

.app .rsc

.bmp

bmconv

.mbm .rss

aiftool

.aif

%EPOCROOT%\epoc32\include

..\z\system\app\appname


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Building an application (.app)Building an application (.app)

Sis folder includes .pkg file which is used when generating an installation package (.sis file) for target device.The .sis file is very simple to generate. Just open DOS prompt, open the install –folder and type

The command generates the .sis file which can be sent to the target device e.g. via Bluetooth, Infrared or over the internet. The target device takes care of the rest of the installation process.

makesis my_application_name.pkg


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Building an application (.app)Building an application (.app)

SISAR

AIF Builder


Symbian OS IntroductionSymbian OS IntroductionSoftware BasicsSoftware Basics


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OS ComponentsOS Components

Server Server Application Application Application

Engine Engine

Kernel

DLL Boundary

Privilege Boundary

Process Boundaries


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Kernel manages the machine hardware such as RAM and hardware devices

Uses hardware-supported privileged modeOther user-mode programs can only access system resources through kernel API

Applications are programs with UIRun in separate processesOwn virtual address space

Servers are programs without user interfaceProvide APIs for the clients (clients or other servers)Server-client = Kernel mode-user mode


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An engine is a part of an application that manipulates its data (opposing to user interaction)

Has sense for complex enough applications Objective is good software designSeparate source module, DLL or DLLs


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ProcessesProcesses

Processes are composed of threadsProcess virtual address space is translated by the MMU

Threads share the same address space in the same process

Threads are preemptively scheduled by the kernelThe kernel is the highest priority thread.

When switching execution from one thread to another is called Context Switching (very expensive)Normal applications have only one thread

Closely related servers maybe use one processMore than one client? How? --> Active Objects


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ExecutablesExecutables

Kernel: ekern.exe

Application UI

Application Engine

euser.lib

System Libs: cone.lib, wserv.lib, estor.lib

.exe .app .dll .dll

Server

Server API

User Library: euser.dll


Introduction to...


Code is packaged in different ways.exe programs has a single entry point. When launched, new process and main thread are created.DLL has potentially main entry points. Is loaded in the context of an existing thread

Shared libraries (generally .dll)Polymorphic DLL. Implement an abstract API (such drivers) or EIKON applications (.app, .prn, .prt)

Executables in ROM are directly loaded. Executables somewhere else, need to be loaded in RAM first.


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Kernel has to two main parts:Kernel executive (ekern.exe) runs privileged code of threads that usually execute in user-mode (so can be preempted)Kernel server is the main thread of its own process and runs always privileged (no preemption)

Euser.dll is the user library. Is the lowest level user-mode codeLIB files are static libraries. Programs need to be linked against them to use its DLLs functionalities


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Application

Function callDLL.exe

two types

Polymorphic interface DLLStatic interface DLL

.h.app.ldd.pdd. . .

.h.lib .dll plug-in


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Fn1()

Fn4()

123456...

code

Clientexecutable

X.dll

123456...

EXPORT_C void Fn1()

code

X.lib

exportstable

.

.

.

.

.

.EXPORT_C void Fn4()

X.h

IMPORT_C void Fn1()

IMPORT_C void Fn4()

#include "x.h"

.

.

.

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