1

Theories of International Relations

G6801, Fall 2010

Robert Jervis (rlj1@columbia.edu)

Office hours: Tues., 4-5, Wed 11-12, Room 1333 IAB

TA: Dianne Pfundstein (drp2109@columbia.edu)

This course reviews the main strands of the theoretical literature in international politics,

which necessitates covering a lot of ground quite quickly and omitting many specialized topics.

Books marked with * are available at Book Culture (512 W. 112th St.), all the material is on

reserve at Lehman, and most of the articles are available online.

As you will see, the readings are extensive. I do not expect you to read all of them during

the semester, but they should be read before comps. The reason that I do not produce a shorter

list for the course only is that what you will want to read will depend on several factors,

including your particular interests and what you have read before (I assume that many of you will

be familiar with about 20-25% of the material, but it may not be the same material for all of you).

I will go over the readings the week before they are assigned. The recommended sections are

pretty much hit-or-miss, but provide bibliography that may be useful.

For the 10-page take-home exam, due on the last day of class, you will apply 2 or 3

theories to a case of your own choosing.

1. THE LEVEL-OF-ANALYSIS QUESTION (9/13)

Arnold Wolfers, Discord and Collaboration, chapter 1.

Kenneth Waltz, *Man, the State and War (for a good critique, see Hidemi Suganami, On the

Causes of War, pp. 11-35.

Jervis, "Perceptions and the Level-of-Analysis Problem," ch. 1, in *Perception and

Misperception in International Politics.

Scott Sagan, "Why Do States Build Nuclear Weapons? Three Models in Search of a Bomb,"

International Security, vol. 21, Winter 1996/97, pp. 54-86.

Paul Kennedy, "The Kaiser and German Weltpolitik: Reflections on

Wilhelm II's Place in the Making of German Foreign Policy," in John C.G. Rohl and Nicolaus

Sombart, eds., Kaiser Wilhelm II: New Interpretations, pp. 143-168, or Alonzo Hamby,

"An American Democrat: A Reevaluation of the Personality of Harry S Truman,"

Political Science Quarterly, vol. 106, Spring 1991, pp. 33-56.

Douglas Oxley, et al., "Political Attitudes Vary with Physiological Traits," Science, vol. 321,

September 19, 2008, pp. 1667-70.

Avner Offer, "Going to War in 1914: A Matter of Honor," Politics & Society, vol. 23, June 1995,

pp. 213-41.

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RECOMMENDED

Richard Hamilton and Holger Herwig, "World Wars: Definitions and Causes," in Hamilton and

Herwig, eds, The Origins of World War I, ch. 1.

Daniel Byman and Kenneth Pollack, "Let Us Now Praise Great Men: Bringing the Statesman

Back In," International Security, vol. 25, Spring 2001, pp. 107-46.

L.L. Farrar, "The Limits of Choice: July 1914 Reconsidered," Journal of Conflict Resolution,

March 1972, vol. 16, pp. 1-24.

J. David Singer, "The Level-of-Analysis Problems in International Relations," in Klaus Knorr

and Sidney Verba, eds., The International System, pp. 77-92 (also published in World

Politics, vol. 14, October 1961).

James Rosenau, "Pre-Theories and Theories of Foreign Policy," in

Barry Farrell, ed., Approach to Comparative and International Politics, pp. 88-92.

Graham Allison, "Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis, "American Political Science

Review, vol. 63, September 1969, pp. 689-718, or Jonathan Bendor and Thomas

Hammond, "Rethinking Allison's Models," APSR, vol. 86, June 1992, pp. 301-22.

Alexander Wendt, "The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory,"

International Organization, vol. 41, Summer 1987, pp. 35-73.

2-3. THEORIES, EVIDENCE, and INFERENCES (9/20 and 9/27)

Thomas Kuhn, *The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.

Kenneth Waltz, *Theory of International Politics, chapter 1.

Steve Smith, "Positivism and Beyond," in Smith, Ken Booth, and Marysia Zalewski, eds.,

International Theory: Positivism and Beyond, pp. 11-44.

Robert Jervis, review of World Out of Balance by Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth, in

Perspectives on Politics, vol. 7, March 2007, pp. 218-19.

Henry Cooper, Jr., The Search for Life on Mars, any section of

Part 2 (skim).

Matthew Mayer, "The Price for Austria's Security: Part I--Joseph II, the Russian Alliance, and the

Ottoman War, 1787-1789," International History Review, vol. 36, June 2004, pp. 257-299

(skim).

Hugh Stretton, The Political Sciences, pp. 52-72 ("Why Histories Happen") or W.H.

Dray, "Concepts on Causation in A.J.P. Taylor's Account of the Origins of the

Second World War," History and Theory, vol. 17 #2, 1978, pp. 149-74.

Gabriel Almond and Stephen Genco, "Clouds, Clocks and the Study of Politics," World Politics,

vol. 29, July 1977, pp. 489-522.

Stephen Jay Gould, Wonderful Life, pp. 277-91.

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Arend Lijphart, "Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method," American Political Science

Review, September 1971, vol. 65, pp. 682-93, or

Ernest May, American Imperialism, pp. 3-16, or David Matza, Delinquency and Drift, pp. 1-4;

21-30, or Alfred Eichner, The Emergence of Oligopoly, pp. 1-10.

Virginia Page Fortna, "Does Peacekeeping Keep Peace?" ISQ, vol. 48, June 2004, pp. 269-92.

C. N. Brunnschweiler and E. H. Bulte, "Linking Natural Resources to Slow Growth and More

Conflict," Science, vol. 320, May 2, 2008, pp. 616-17.

Julian Simon, Basic Research Methods in Social Sciences, (1st edition) pp. 152-65; 292-300;

333-55; 447-60; (2d ed) pp. 219-34, 314-53, 362-90, 485-98, or Arthur Stinchcombe,

Constructing Social Theories, pp. 15-56.

Gary King, Robert Keohane, and Sydney Verba, *Designing Social Inquiry, pp. 1-49, 100-14,

124-49 (a related and more advanced reading is James Mahoney and Gary Goertz, “A

Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting Quantitative and Qualitative Research,” Political

Analysis, vol. 14, 2006, pp. 227-49).

Barbara Geddes, "How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answers You Get: Selection

Bias in Comparative Politics," in James Stimson, ed., Political Analysis, vol. 2,

1990, pp. 131-150; or David Collier, “Translating Quantitative Methods for

Qualitative Researchers: The Case of Selection Bias,” APSR, vol. 89, June 1995,

pp. 461-66 (also see Collier and James Mahoney, "Insights and Pitfalls: Selection

Bias in Qualitative Research," World Politics, vol. 49, October 1996, pp. 56-91.

James Fearon, "Counterfactuals and Hypothesis Testing in Political Science", World Politics,

vol. 43, January 1991, pp. 169-95.

James Richardson, "Cold War Revisionism: A Critique," World Politics, vol. 24, July 1972, pp.

579-612.

Chaim Kaufmann, "Out of the Lab and Into the Archives: A Method for Testing Psychological

Explanations of Political Decision Making," International Studies Quarterly, vol. 38,

December 1994, pp. 557-86.

Gurun Ostby, Ragnhild Nordas, and Jan Ketil Rod, "Regional Inequalities and Civil Conflict in

Sub-Saharan Africa," ISQ, vol. 53, June 2009, pp. 301-24 (skim).

Robert Dahl, "The Concept of Power," Behavioral Science, June 1957, vol. 2, pp. 201-15.

Peter Bachrach and Morton Baratz, "The Two Faces of Power," American Political Science

Review, 1962, vol. 56, pp. 947-52.

Ido Oren, Our Enemies and Us: America's Rivalries and the Making of Political Science,

Introduction, chapter 4, and conclusion.

Knud Erik Jorgensen, "Continental IR Theory," European Journal of IR, vol. 6, March 2000, pp.

9-42 (skim).

Pages of problems and errors to be distributed.

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RECOMMENDED

Imre Lakatos, "Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes," in Imre

Lakatos and Alan Musgrave, eds., Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge, pp. 91-196.

John Platt, "Strong Inference," Science, October 16, 1964, pp. 347-53.

Frank Harvey, "Rigor Mortis, or Rigor, More Tests: Necessity, Sufficiency, and Deterrence

Logic," ISQ, vol. 42, December 1998, pp. 675-798.

Harry Eckstein, "Case Study and Theory in Political Science," in Fred Greenstein and Nelson

Polsby, eds., Handbook of Political Science, vol. 7, Strategies of Inquiry, pp. 79-137.

J.H. Hexter, The History Primer, ch. VI, "The Pennant Race and the Baseball Season, or

Historical Story and Narrative Explanation."

James Kurth, "U.S. Policies, Latin American Politics, and Praetorian Rule," in Phillippe

Schmitter, ed., Military Rule in Latin America, pp. 244-58.

John Ferris, “The Intelligence-Deception Complex: An Anatomy,” Intelligence and National

Security, vol. 4, October 1989, pp. 719-34.

4. POWER AND CLASSICAL REALISM (10/4)

Robert Dahl, "Power," International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, vol. 12, pp. 405-415.

David Baldwin, Paradoxes of Power, chapter 2.

George Orwell, "Shooting an Elephant."

Donald Searing, "The Psychology of Political Authority: A Causal Mechanism of Political

Learning Through Persuasion and Manipulation," Political Psychology, vol. 16,

December 1995, pp. 677-96.

Michael Barnett and Raymond Duvall, "Power in International Politics," International

Organization, vol. 59, Winter 2005, pp. 39-75.

Paul Brass, "Foucault Steals Political Science," Annual Review of Political Science, vol. 3, 2000,

pp. 305-30 (available on the Annual Review website).

Stuart Banner, How the Indians Lost Their Land: Law and Power on the Frontier, pp. 49-84.

Arthur Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome, pp. 244-57.

Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations, chapters 1 and 3.

E.H. Carr, The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939, chapters 5-8.

Robert Gilpin, "No One Loves a Political Realist," Security Studies, vol. 5, Spring 1996, pp. 3-

26.

John Mearsheimer, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, chs. 1-2.

Peter Gowan, "A Calculus of Power," New Left Review, vol. 16, July/August 2002, pp. 47-67.

Gideon Rose, "Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy," World Politics, vol. 51,

October 1998, pp. 144-72.

Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, pp. 58-65.

Benjamin Valentino, Paul Huth, and Sarah Croco, "Covenants without the Sword: International

Law and the Protection of Civilians in Times of War," World Politics, vol. 58, April

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2006, pp. 339-377.

Keith Shimko, "Realism, Neorealism, and American Liberalism," Review of Politics, vol. 54,

Spring 1992, pp. 281-301.

Michael Williams, "What is the National Interest? The Neoconservative Challenge in IR

Theory," European Journal of International Relations, vol. 11, September 2005, pp. 307-

38; or Brian Schmidt and Michael Williams, "The Bush Doctrine and the Iraq War:

Neoconservatives Versus Realists,” Security Studies, vol. 17, April-June 2008, pp. 191-

220.

Robert Sapolsky, "A Natural History of Peace," Foreign Affairs, vol. 85, January/February 2006,

pp. 104-20.

Kenneth Waltz, "Realist Thought and Neorealist Theory," Journal of International Affairs, vol.

44, Spring 1990, pp. 21-37 (also in Robert Rothstein, ed. The Evolution of Theory on

International Relations).

Stephen Krasner, "State Power and the Structure of International Trade," World Politics, vol. 28,

April 1976, pp. 317-48.

Albert Hirschman, National Power and the Structure of Foreign Trade, pp. 3-52.

Robert Art, "American Foreign Policy and the Fungibility of Force," Security Studies, vol. 5,

Summer 1996, pp. 7-42.

D. Scott Bennett, "Security, Bargaining, and the End of Interstate Rivalry," International Studies

Quarterly, vol. 40, June 1996, pp. 157-84.

Stephen Brooks and William Wohlforth, "From Old Thinking to New Thinking in Qualitative

Research," International Security, vol. 26, Spring 2002, pp. 93-111.

Randall Schweller and William Wohlforth, "Power Test: Evaluating Realism in Response to the

End of the Cold War," Security Studies, vol. 9, Spring 2000, pp. 60-107.

Victoria Tin-bor Hui, "Toward a Dynamic Theory of International Politics: Insights from

Comparing Ancient China and Early Modern Europe," IO, vol. 58, Winter 2004, pp. 175-

205.

Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, Power and Interdependence, ch. 2.

Susan Strange, "Toward a Theory of Transnational Empire," in

Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James Rosenau, eds., Global Changes

and Theoretical Challenges, pp. 161-76.

J. Ann Tickner, Gender in International Relations, chapters 1-2, 5.

RECOMMENDED

Jack Donnelly, Realism and International Relations.

Charles Glaser, Rational Theory of International Politics.

Jeffrey Legro and Andrew Moravcsik, "Is Anybody Still a Realist?" International Security, vol.

24, Fall 1999, pp. 5-55 and the correspondence in ibid, vol. 25, Summer 2000, pp. 165-

93.

Michael Mastanduno, David Lake, and John Ikenberry, "Toward a Realist Theory of State

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Action," International Studies Quarterly, vol. 33, December 1989, pp. 457-74.

Randall Schweller, Deadly Imbalances: Tripolarity and Hitler's Strategy of World Conquest.

Randall Schweller, "Neorealism's Status Quo Bias: What Security Dilemma?" Security Studies,

vol. 5, Spring 1996, pp. 90-121.

Charles Glaser, "Realists as Optimists: Cooperation as Self-Help," Security Studies, vol. 5,

Spring 1996, pp. 122-66.

Jeffrey Taliaferro, "Security Seeking under Anarchy: Defensive Realism Revisited," International

Security, vol. 25, Winter 2000/01, pp. 128-61.

Shipping Tang, "Fear in International Politics," International Studies Review, vol. 10, September

2008, pp. 451-71.

David Baldwin, "Force, Fungibility, and Influence," ibid, vol. 8, Summer 1999, pp. 173-82.

Robert Art, "Force and Fungibility Reconsidered," ibid, pp. 183-89.

Rodney Bruce Hall, "Moral Authority as a Power Resource," International Organization, vol. 51,

Autumn 1997, pp. 591-622.

5. ANARCHY AND COOPERATION (10/11)

Hedley Bull, "Society and Anarchy in International Relations," in Herbert Butterfield and Martin

Wight, eds., Diplomatic Investigations, pp. 35-50.

Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics, pp. 62-90.

Jervis, "Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma," World Politics, January 1978, pp. 167-214.

Robert Axelrod, The Evolution of Cooperation, chs. 2 and 9.

Kenneth Oye, "Explaining Cooperation Under Anarchy," in Oye, ed., Cooperation Under

Anarchy, pp. 1-24 (also World Politics, vol. 38, October 1985).

Jervis, "Was the Cold War a Security Dilemma?" Journal of Cold War Studies, vol. 3, Winter

2001, pp. 36-60.

Jack Snyder and Robert Jervis, "Civil War and the Security Dilemma," in Barbara Walter and

Jack Snyder, eds., Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, pp. 15-37.

Robert Keohane, *After Hegemony, chapters 1, 6, 7.

Page Fortna, "Scraps of Paper? Agreements and the Durability of Peace," International

Organization, vol. 57, Spring 2003, pp. 337-72.

Helen Milner, "The Assumption of Anarchy in International Relations Theory: A Critique,"

Review of International Studies, vol. 17, January 1991, pp. 67-85 (also in David Baldwin,

ed., Neorealism and Neoliberalism, pp. 143-69).

Daniel Deudney, "The Philadelphian System: Sovereignty, Arms Control, and Balance of Power

in the American States-Union, Circa 1787-1861," International Organization, vol. 49,

Spring 1995, pp. 191-228.

Deborah Welch Larson, "Trust and Missed Opportunities in International Relations," Political

Psychology, vol. 18, September 1997, pp. 701-34.

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Stephen Krasner, "Global Communications and National Power," in David Baldwin, ed.,

Neorealism and Neoliberalism, pp. 234-49 (also in World Politics, vol. 43, April 1991,

pp. 336-66).

Helen Milner, "International Theories of Cooperation Among Nations: Strengths and

Weaknesses," World Politics, vol. 44, April 1992, pp. 466-96.

Robert Jervis, "Realism, Game Theory, and Cooperation," World Politics, vol. 40, April 1988,

pp. 317-49.

Karla Hoff, “Fairness in Modern Society,” Science, vol. 327, March 19, 2010, pp. 1467-68.

RECOMMENDED

Shiping Tang, “The Security Dilemma: A Conceptual Analysis,” Security Studies, vol. 18, July-

September, 2009, pp. 587-623.

Ken Booth and Nicholas Wheeler, The Security Dilemma.

Roger Masters, "World Politics as a Primitive Political System," World Politics, vol. 16, July

1964, pp. 595-619.

Charles Taylor and Michael McGuire, "Reciprocal Altruism: 15 Years Later," Ethology and

Sociobiology, vol 9, 1988, pp. 67-72.

Ernst Fehr and Simon Gachter, "Altruistic Punishment in Humans," Nature, vol. 415, January 10,

2002, pp. 137-40.

Martin Patchen, "Conflict and Cooperation in American-Soviet Relations: What Have We

Learned from Quantitative Research?" International Interactions, vol. 17, no. 2, 1991, pp.

127-143.

6. NEOREALISM AND ITS COMPETITORS (10/18)

Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics.

Alexander Wendt, *Social Theory of International Politics, pp. 1-7, 22-44, 92-109.

Paul Schroeder, "Historical Reality versus Neorealist Theory," International Security, vol. 19,

Summer 1994, pp. 108-48.

Robert Cox, "Social Forces, States, and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory,"

in Robert Keohane, ed., Neo-Realism and its Critics, pp. 204-54.

Daniel Garst, "Thucydides and Neo-Realism," International Studies Quarterly, vol. 33, March

1989, pp. 3-28.

Jack Donnelly, "Rethinking Political Structures: From 'Ordering Principles' to 'Vertical

Differentiation'--and Beyond," International Theory, vol. 1, 2009, pp. 49-86.

Masato Kimura and David Welch, "Specifying 'Interests': Japan's Claim to the Northern

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Territories and its Implications for International Relations Theory," ISQ, June 1998, pp.

213-43.

Alex Callinicos, "Does Capitalism Need the State System?" Cambridge Review of International

Affairs, vol. 20, December 2007, pp. 533-50.

Robert Keohane, After Hegemony, ch. 6.

Lisa Martin and Beth Simmons, "Theories and Empirical Studies of International Institutions,"

International Organization, vol. 52, Autumn 1998, pp. 729-57 (also in Katzenstein,

Keohane, and Krasner, eds., Exploration and Contestation in the Study of World Politics,

pp. 89-117).

Katja Weber, "Hierarchy Amidst Anarchy: A Transaction Cost Approach to International

Security Cooperation," International Studies Quarterly. vol. 41, June 1997, pp. 321-40.

Daniel Deudney and G. John Ikenberry, "Realism, Structural Liberalism, and the Western Order,"

in Ethan Kapstein and Michael Mastanduno, Unipolar Politics, pp. 103-37 (also see

Ikenberry, After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Orders

After Major Wars, esp. ch. 3).

John Mearsheimer, "The False Promise of International Institutions," International Security, vol.

19, Winter 1995/96, pp. 5-49.

"Promises, Promises: Can Institutions Deliver?" (replies to Mearsheimer), International Security,

vol. 20, Summer 1995, pp. 39-93.

Review Virginia Page Fortna, "Does Peacekeeping Keep Peace?" ISQ, vol. 48, June 2004, pp.

269-92, assigned earlier.

Sara McLaughlin Mitchell and Paul Hensel, “International Institutions and Compliance With

Agreements,” American Journal of Political Science, vol. 51, October 2007, pp. 721-37.

Robert Jervis, "Realism, Neoliberalism, and Cooperation: Understanding the Debate,"

International Security, vol 24, Summer 1999, pp. 42-63.

George Tsebelis, "The Power of the European Parliament as a Conditional Agenda Setter,"

APSR, vol. 88, March 1994, pp. 128-42.

Andrew MacIntyre, "Institutions and Investors: The Politics of the Economic Crisis in Southeast

Asia," IO, vol. 55, Winter 2001, pp. 81-122.

Stephen Krasner, "Regimes and Limits of Realism: Regimes as Autonomous Variables,"

International Organization, vol. 36, Spring 1982, pp. 497-510 (also in Krasner, ed.,

International Regimes, pp. 355-368).

Andreas Hasenclever, Peter Mayer, and Volker Rittberger, "Theories of International Regimes,"

Review of International Studies, vol. 26, January 2000, pp. 3-33.

RECOMMENDED

J. Samuel Barkin, Realist Constructivism.

Andreas Hasenclever, Peter Mayer, and Volker Rittberger, Theories of International Regimes.

Robert Keohane, ed., Neorealism and Its Critics.

Gunther Hellmann and Reinhard Wolf, "Neorealism, Neoliberal Institutionalism, and the Future

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of NATO," Security Studies, vol. 3, Autumn 1993, pp. 3-43.

Randall Schweller and David Priess, "A Tale of Two Realisms: Expanding the Institutions

Debate," Mershon International Studies Review, vol. 41, May 1997, pp. 1-32.

John Duffield, "What are International Institutions?" International Studies Review, vol. 9, Spring

2007, pp. 1-22.

Bernhard Zangl, "Judicialization Matters! A Comparison of Dispute Settlement Under GATT

and the WTO," ISQ, vol. 52, December 2008, pp. 825-54.

Barry Buzan, Charles Jones, and Richard Little, The Logic of Anarchy, pp. 66-80, 119-54.

7. DOMESTIC POLITICS 1: The Democratic Peace (10/25)

Dan Reiter and Allan Stam, *Democracies at War, chs. 1-2,7-8. (For rebuttals see Michael

Desch, Power and Military Effectiveness: The Fallacy of Democratic Triumphalism, and

Alexander Downes, “”How Smart and Tough Are Democracies?” International Security,

vol. 33, Spring 2009, pp. 9-51.)

Bruce Russett and John Oneal, *Triangulating Peace: Democracy, Interdependence, and

International Organizations, chapters 1-4.

Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, James Morrow, Randolph Siverson, and Alastair Smith, "An

Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace," APSR, vol. 93, December 1999, pp.

791-807.

David Lektzian and Mark Souva, "A Comparative Test of Democratic Peace Arguments, 1946-

2000," Journal of Peace Research, vol. 46, January 2009, pp. 17-38.

Mancur Olson, "Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development," APSR, vol. 87, September 1993,

pp. 567-76.

James Fearon, "Domestic Political Audiences and the Escalation of International Disputes,"

APSR, vol. 88, September 1994, pp. 577-592.

Edward Mansfield and Jack Snyder, "Democratization and the Danger of War," International

Security, vol. 20, Summer 1995, pp. 5-38 (also reprinted in Brown et al, eds., Debating

the Democratic Peace).

Erik Gartzke, "Preferences and the Democratic Peace," ISQ, vol. 44, March 2000, pp. 191-212.

Seung-Whan Choi, “Beyond Kantian Liberalism: Peace Through Globalization?” Journal of

Peace Research, vol. 27, July 2010, pp. 272-95.

Ana Carolina Garriga, “Regime Type and Bilateral Treaty Formalization,” JCR, vol. 53, October

2009, pp. 698-726.

Erik Gartzke, "The Capitalist Peace," AJPS, vol. 51, January 2007.

Tarak Barkawi and Mark Laffey, "The Imperial Peace: Democracy, Force, and Globalization,"

European Journal of International Relations, vol 4, December 1999, pp. 403-34.

RECOMMENDED

John Owen, "How Liberalism Produces Democratic Peace," International Security, vol. 19, Fall

10

1994, pp. 87-125 (reprinted in Michael Brown, Sean M. Lynn-Jones, and Steven E.

Miller, eds., Debating the Democratic Peace (JX1952 .D43 1996) (a fuller version is

Owen, Liberal Peace, Liberal War).

Barbara Farnham, "The Theory of Democratic Peace and Threat Perception," ISQ, vol. 47,

September 2003, pp. 395-416.

Piki Ish-Shalom, "Theory as a Hermeneutical Mechanism: The Democratic-Peace Thesis and the

Politics of Democratization," EJIR, vol. 12, December 2006, pp. 565-98.

Havard Hegre, et al., "Toward a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and

Civil War, 1816-1992," APSR, vol. 95, March 2001, pp. 33-48.

Schweller, Randall L. 2000. "Democracy and the Post-Cold War Era." In The New World

Order, eds. Birthe Hansen and Bertel Heurlin. New York: St. Martin's Press. Pp. 46-80.

"Symposium on Research Design and Method in IR," International Organization, vol. 55, Spring

2001, pp. 439-507.

Russett, Bruce. 1993. Grasping the Democratic Peace: Principles for a Post-Cold War World (

Princeton: Princeton University Press), Chs. 1-2, 4, 6. [JC423 .R824 1993]

Doyle, Michael W. 1986. "Liberalism and World Politics." American Political Science Review,

vol.80 no.4 (December 1986), pp. 1151-1169.

Schultz, Kenneth. 1998. "Domestic Opposition and Signaling in International Crises."

American Political Science Review, vol.92 no.4 (December 1998), pp. 829-844.

Schultz, Kenneth. 1999. "Do Democratic Institutions Constrain or Inform? Contrasting Two

Institutional Perspectives on Democracy and War." International Organization, vol.53

no.2 (Spring 1999), pp. 233-266.

Lake, David A. 1992. "Powerful Pacifists: Democratic States and War." American Political

Science Review, vol.86 no.1 (March 1992), pp. 24-37.

Gaubatz, Kurt Taylor. 1996. "Democratic States and Commitment in International Relations."

International Organization, vol.50 no.1 (Winter 1996), pp. 109-139.

Thompson, William R. 1996. "Democracy and Peace: Putting the Cart Before the Horse?"

International Organization, vol.50 no.1 (Winter 1996), pp. 141-174.

Gowa, Joanne, Ballots and Bullets: The Elusive Democratic Peace (Princeton: Princeton

University Press, 1999). All, esp. chs. 1, 2, 4-6. [JZ5560 .G69 1999]

Doyle, Michael W., Ways of War and Peace ( New York: Norton, 1997), Chs. 6-8. [JX1963

.D687 1997]

Chan, Steve. "In Search of the Democratic Peace." Mershon International Studies Review, V. 41

(1997), pp. 59-91.

Dixon, William J. "Democracy and the Management of International Conflict," Journal of

Conflict Resolution, vol.37 no.1 (March 1993), pp. 42-68.

Remmer, Karen. "Does Democracy Promote Interstate Cooperation?" International Studies

Quarterly (March 1998), V. 42, #1, pp. 25-52.

Eyerman, Joe and Robert A. Hart, Jr. "An Empirical Test of the Audience Cost Proposition."

Journal of Conflict Resolution, vol.40 no.4 (December 1996), pp. 597-616.

Ray, James Lee. Democracy and International Conflict.

Verdier, Daniel. "Democratic Convergence and Free Trade." International Studies Quarterly

(March 1998), V. 42, #1, pp. 1-24.

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Elman, Miriam. ed. Paths to Peace.

Schweller, Randall, "Domestic Structure and Preventive War," World Politics, vol.44 (Jan.

1992), pp. 235-69.

Ward, Michael and K. Gleditsch. "Democratizing for Peace." American Political Science

Review, v. 92, #1, Mar. 1998, pp. 51-61.

Bernard Finel and Kristin Lord, eds., Power and Conflict in the Age of Transparency.

Robert Kaufman, Arms Control During the Pre-Nuclear Era, chapter 8.

8. DOMESTIC POLITICS 2: Political Institutions, Processes, Culture, Societal Actors, and

Coalitions (11/8)

Peter Gourevitch, "The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Politics,"

International Organization vol. 32, Autumn 1978, pp. 881-911.

Helen Milner, "Rationalizing Politics: The Emerging Synthesis of International, American, and

Comparative Politics," International Organization, vol. 52, Autumn 1998, pp. 759-786

(also in Exploration and Contestation in the Study of World Politics, ed. Peter

Katzenstein, Robert Keohane, and Stephen Krasner, pp. 119-146. [JZ1242 .E98 1999]

Kenneth Schultz, "Do Democratic Institutions Constrain or Inform?" IO, vol. 53, Spring 1999,

pp. 233-66.

Robert Putnam, "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games," IO, vol.42,

Summer 1988, pp. 427-460. [Also in Evans, Jacobson and Putnam, eds., Double-Edged

Diplomacy 1993: 431-468.]

Andrew Moravcsik, "Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics,"

IO, vol. 51, Autumn 1997, pp. 513-553.

Josiah Ober, "Classical Greek Times," in Michael Howard, George Andreopoulus, and Mark

Shulman, eds., The Laws of War, pp. 12-26.

Scott James and David Lake, “The Second Face of Hegemony: Britain’s Repeal of the Corn

Laws and the American Walker Tariff of 1846,” IO, vol. 43, Winter 1989, pp. 1-29.

Ronald Rogowski, Commerce and Coalitions, chapters 1, 4, 6.

Kevin Narizny, "Rational Idealism: The Political Economy of Internationalism in the US and

Great Britain, 1870-1945," Security Studies, vol. 12, Spring 2003, pp. 1-39.

Jack Snyder, Myths of Empire, chapters 1-2, 8.

Etel Solingen, "The Genesis, Design and Effects of Regional Institutions," ISQ, vol. 52, June

2008, pp. 261-94.

Lucian Pye, "Political Culture Revisited," Political Psychology, vol. 12, September 1991, pp.

487-508.

Jeffrey Legro, "Culture and Preferences in the International Cooperation Two-Step," APSR, vol.

90, March 1996, pp. 118-37.

Mlada Bukovansky, "American Identity and Neutral Rights from Independence to the War of

12

1812," IO, vol. 51, Spring 1997, pp. 173-208 (for a different view, see James Sofka,

"American Neutral Rights Reappraised: Identity or Interest in the Foreign Policy of the

Early Republic," Review of International Studies, vol. 26, October 2000, pp. 599-622).

Jeffry Frieden, "The Economics of Intervention: Overseas Investments and Relations With

Underdeveloped Areas, 1890-1950," Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 31,

January 1989, pp. 55-80.

Michael Hiscox, "Commerce, Coalitions, and Factor Mobility," APSR, vol. 96, September 2002,

pp. 593-608.

Paul Kennedy, "Strategy versus Finance in Twentieth-Century Great Britain," International

History Review, vol. 3, January 1981, pp. 45-61 (also in Kennedy, Strategy and

Diplomacy, 1870-1945: Eight Studies).

Volker Berghahn, "Naval Armaments and Social Crisis: Germany Before 1914," in Geoffrey

Best and Andrew Wheatcroft, eds., War, Economy, and the Military Mind, pp. 61-88.

Charles Stein, "Contested Social Orders and War Termination," in David Skidmore, ed.,

Contested Social Orders and International Politics, pp, 35-52.

Mark Haas, "Ideology and Alliances: British External Balancing Decisions in the 1930s,"

Security Studies, vol. 12, Summer 2003, pp. 34-79.

Chaim Kaufmann and Robert Pape, "Explaining Costly International Moral Action: Britain's

Sixty-year Campaign Against the Atlantic Slave Trade," IO, vol. 53, Autumn 1999, pp.

631-668.

Morton Halperin, "The Decision to Deploy the ABM," World Politics, vol. 25, October 1972, pp.

62-95.

Enrico Fardella, “The Sino-American Normalization,” Diplomatic History, vol. 33, September

2009, pp. 545-78 (skim).

Louis Hartz, The Liberal Tradition in America, chapter 11.

Arnold Wolfers, Discord and Collaboration, chapter 15.

Theodore Lowi, The End of Liberalism, ch. 6 (also in James Rosenau, ed., Domestic Sources of

Foreign Policy, pp. 295-332).

RECOMMENDED

Ronald Krebs, "In the Shadow of War: The Effects of Conflict on Liberal Democracy," IO, vol.

63, Winter 2009, pp. 177-210.

James Kurth, "The Political Consequences of the Product Cycle," IO, vol. 33, Winter 1978, pp.

1-34.

Fearon, James D. 1998. "Domestic Politics, Foreign Policy, and Theories of International

Relations." Annual Review of Political Science (Palo Alto) vol.1 (1998), pp. 289-313.

Mark Zacher and Richard Matthew, "Liberal International Theory: Common Threads, Divergent

Strands," in Charles Kegley, ed., Controversies in IR Theory, pp. 107-50.

13

Michael Doyle, Ways of War and Peace, Part Two.

Peter Katzenstein, ed., Between Power and Plenty, chs. 1, 9.

John Ikenberry et al., eds., The State and American Foreign Policy, special issue, International

Organization vol. 42, winter 1988, introduction, Chapter 5 (Stephan Haggard), and

Chapter 9 (John Ikenberry--conclusion).

Milner, Helen V. 1997. Interests, Institutions, and Information: Domestic Politics and

International Relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press), chs. 1-4, 9. [JX1391

.M524]

Milner, Helen, Resisting Protectionism, chapters 1 and 8.

Michael Mastanduno, David Lake, and John Ikenberry, "Toward a Realist Theory of State

Action," International Studies Quarterly, vol. 33, December 1989, pp. 457-74.

Bria Taylor and Roxana Botea, "Tilly Tally: War-Making and State-Making in the Contemporary

Third World," International Studies Review, vol. 10, March 2008, pp. 27-56.

Richard Ned Lebow, Between Peace and War, pp. 169-92.

Jack Matlock, Autopsy on an Empire, chapters 7-8.

Gary Sick, All Fall Down: America's Tragic Encounter with Iran, ch. 6 ("The End of a Bad

Year").

Michael Blaker, Japanese International Negotiating Style, ch. 1.

Michael Gordon, "Domestic Conflict and the Origins of the First World War", Journal of Modern

History, vol. 46, June 1974, pp. 191-226.

Peter Evans, Harold Jacobson, and Robert Putnam, eds., Double-Edged Diplomacy, chapters 1,

4, 11, 13.

Jeffry Frieden, "Invested Interests," International Organization, vol. 45, Autumn 1991, 425-52.

Philip Stewart, Margaret Hermann, and Charles Hermann, "Modeling the 1973 Soviet Decision

to Support Egypt," APSR, vol. 83, March 1989, pp. 35-60.

Ronald Rogowski, "Trade and the Variety of Democratic Institutions," International

Organization, vol. 41, Spring 1987, pp. 203-24.

Jeffry Frieden and Ronald Rogowski, "The Impact of the International Economy on National

Policies," in Robert Keohane and Helen Milner, eds., Internationalization and Domestic

Politics, chapter 2.

Myron Weiner, "The Macedonian Syndrome: An Historical Model of International Relations and

Political Development," World Politics, vol. 23, July 1971, pp. 665-83.

Theotonio Dos Santos, "The Structure of Dependence," American Economic Review, vol. 60,

May 1970, pp. 231-36.

9. DECISION-MAKING AND IDEAS (11/15)

U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1950, vol. 7, pp. 157-61, 1242-

14

49, 1323-34.

"White House Tapes and Minutes of the Cuban Missile Crisis," International Security, vol. 10,

Summer 1985, pp. 164-203.

Fred Greenstein and Richard Immerman, "History as Rashomon: Eisenhower, Kennedy, and

Vietnam," unpublished MS.

John Burke and Fred Greenstein, How Presidents Test Reality, chs. 12-13.

Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics, chapters 4, 6.

Barbara Farnham, "Political Cognition and Decision-Making," Political Psychology, vol. 11,

March 1990, pp. 83-112.

James Goldgeier and Philip Tetlock, "Psychology and International Relations Theory," Annual

Review of Political Science, 2001, vol. 4, pp. 67-92.

Sheri Berman, "Ideas, Norms, and Culture in Political Analysis," Comparative Politics, vol. 33,

Jan. 2001, pp. 231-50.

Jack Levy, "Learning and Foreign Policy: Sweeping a Conceptual Minefield," International

Organization, vol. 48, Spring 1994, pp. 279-312.

Philip Tetlock, Faye Crosby, and Travis Crosby, "Political Psychobiography," Micropolitics, vol.

1, no. 2, pp. 191-213.

Rose McDermott, "The Psychological Ideas of Amos Tversky and Their Relevance for Political

Science," Journal of Theoretical Politics, vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 5-33.

Robert Jervis, "The Implications of Prospect Theory for Human Nature," Political Psychology,

vol. 25, April 2004, pp. 163-72.

Robert Jervis, "Understanding Beliefs," Political Psychology, vol. 27, October 2006, pp. 641-63

Jonathan Mercer, “Emotional Beliefs,” IO, vol. 64, Winter 2010, pp. 1-31.

Deborah Welch Larson and Alexei Shevchenko, “Status Seekers: Chinese and Russian

Responses to U.S. Primacy,” IS, vol. 34, Spring 2010, pp. 63-95.

John Odell, U.S. International Monetary Policy, pp. 58-78.

Nina Tannenwald, "Ideas and Explanations: Advancing the Theoretical Agenda," Journal of Cold

War Studies, vol. 7, Spring 2005, pp. 13-42.

Robert English, "The Sociology of New Thinking," ibid, pp. 43-80.

Judith Goldstein and Robert Keohane, eds., Ideas and Foreign Policy, chapters 1 (Goldstein and

Keohane), 3 (Ikenberry), 6 (Sikkink).

Edward Rhodes, "Sea Change: Interest-Based vs. Cultural-Cognitive Accounts of Strategic

Choice in the 1890s," Security Studies, vol. 5, Summer 1996, pp. 73-124.

Martha Finnemore, "Constructing Norms of Humanitarian Intervention," in Peter Katzenstein,

ed., The Culture of National Security, chapter 5 (a longer and later version appears as

chapter 5 in Finnemore, The Purpose of Intervention).

Alexander Wendt, *Social Theory of International Politics, ch. 3.

John Lynn, "Discourse, Reality, and the Culture of Combat," International History Review, vol.

27, September 2005, pp. 475-80.

15

Samuel Huntington, "Forward--Cultures Count," Lawrence Harrison, "Introduction--Why

Culture Matters," and Lucian Pye, "'Asian Values': From Dynamos to Dominoes?" All in

Harrison and Huntington, eds., Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress.

Edmund Phelps, "Entrepreneurial Culture," Wall Street Journal, February, 12, 2007.

Hosoya Chihiro, "Miscalculations in Deterrence Policy: Japanese-U.S. Relations, 1938-41,"

Journal of Peace Research, 1968, no. 2, pp. 97-115.

RECOMMENDED

Rose McDermott, Political Psychology in International Relations.

Shelley Taylor and Jonathon Brown, "Illusion and Well-Being: A Social Psychological

Perspective on Mental Health,” Psychological Bulletin, vol. 103, 1988, pp. 193-210.

Alexander L. George, Presidential Decisionmaking in Foreign Policy: The Effective Use of

Information and Advice, ch. 2.

Philip Tetlock and Charles McGuire, "Cognitive Perspectives on Foreign Policy," Political

Behavior Annual, vol. 1, 1986, pp. 147-79.

Clayton Roberts, The Logic of Historical Explanation, chapter 10 ("The Etiology of Belief").

Janis, Irving L. 1983. Groupthink: Psychological Studies of Policy Decisions and Fiascoes, 2nd

revised and enlarged edition of Victims of Groupthink (1972). Boston: Houghton Mifflin

Company. Intro, chs. 1, 10, 11. [E744 .J29 1983]

Tetlock, Philip E. and Jr. Charles McGuire. 1986. "Cognitive Perspectives on Foreign Policy."

Political Behavior Annual (Boulder) vol.1 (1986), pp. 147-179.

Morton Halperin and Tang Tsou, "U.S. Policy Toward the Offshore Islands," Public Policy, vol.

15, 1966, pp. 119-38.

Graham Allison and Morton Halperin, "Bureaucratic Politics," in Raymond Tanter and Richard

Ullman, eds., Theory and Policy in International Relations (also in the supplement to

World Politics, vol. 24, Spring 1972, pp. 40-79)

David Houghton, "Essence of Excision: A Critique of the Version of Essence of Decision,"

Security Studies, vol. 10, Autumn 2000, pp. 151-78.

Richard Neustadt, Report to JFK: The Skybolt Crisis in Perspective.

Steinbruner, John D., The Cybernetic Theory of Decision: New Dimensions of Political Analysis

( Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1974) Chs. 1-5. [JA74 .S68]

Snyder, Glenn and Paul Diesing, Conflict Among Nations: Bargaining, Decision Making, and

System Structure in International Crises (1977), Chs. 4-6.

Holsti, Ole R. 1989. "Crisis Decision Making." In Behavior, Society and Nuclear War, edited

by Tetlock et al. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), pp. 8-84.

Levy, Jack S. 1996. "Loss Aversion, Framing, and Bargaining: The Implications of Prospect

Theory for International Conflict." International Political Science Review, vol.17 no.2

(April 1996), pp. 179-195.

George, Alexander L. 1969. "The 'Operational Code': A Neglected Approach to the Study of

Political Leaders and Decision-Making." International Studies Quarterly, vol.13 no.2

(June 1969), pp. 190-222.

16

Stephen Walker, Mark Schafer, and Michael Young, "Systematic Procedures for Operational

Code Analysis: Measuring and Modeling Jimmy Carter's Operational Code," ISQ, vol.

42, March 1998, pp. 175-89.

Odell, John, U.S. International Monetary Policy, pp. 58-78.

Tetlock, Philip E., Crosby Faye, & Crosby Travis L., "Political Psychobiography," Micropolitics,

vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 191-213.

Levy, Jack. "An Introduction to Prospect Theory." Political Psychology 13, June 1992, pp. 171-

186.

Paul t'Hart, Groupthink in Government.

Tversky, Amos and Richard Thaler. "Preference Reversals." Journal of Economic Perspectives

(1990), V. 4, pp. 201-11.

Friedlander, Saul and Cohen Raymond, "The Personality Correlates of Belligerence in

International Conflict," Comparative Politics, vol. 7, January 1975, pp. 155-86.

Gaenslen, Fritz. "Culture and Decision-Making in China, Japan, Russia and the US." World

Politics (Oct. 1986), pp. 73-103.

Haas, Peter M., ed., "Knowledge, Power, and International Policy Coordination," International

Organization, Special Issue, vol. 46, No. 1, Winter 1992.

Larson, Deborah. Origins of Containment.

Deborah Welch Larson and Alexei Shevchenko, "Shortcut to Greatness: The New Thinking and

the Revolution in Soviet Foreign Policy," IO, vol. 57, Winter 2003, pp. 77-110.

May, Ernest. Lessons of the Past.

George, Alexander. Presidential Decisionmaking in Foreign Policy.

Kelman, "Social-Psychological Approaches to the Study of International Relations", in Kelman,

ed., International Behavior, pp. 565-607.

Jervis, Robert. "Political Decision-Making", Political Psychology, vol. 2, Summer 1980, pp. 86-

100.

George, Alexander and George, Juliette L. Woodrow Wilson and Colonel House.

Braybrook and Lindblom. A Strategy of Decision.

Simon. Administrative Behavior, 3rd ed., chs. 1, 4, 5.

Levy, Jack S. 1992. "Prospect Theory and International Relations: Theoretical Applications and

Analytical Problems." Political Psychology, vol.13, no.2, pp. 283-310.

Mercer, Jonathan, Reputation and International Politics (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996),

Chs. 1-2. [JX1391 .M437]

Jervis, Robert. "Signaling and Perception: Drawing Inferences and Projecting Images." In

Political Psychology, edited by Kristen Monroe.

John Burke and Fred Greenstein, How Presidents Test Reality,

chs. 12-13.

Peter Haas, "Regimes and Epistemic Communities," International Organization, vol. 44, Summer

1989, pp. 377-403.

Robert Gilbert, "Ronald Reagan's Presidency: The Impact of an Alcoholic Parent," Political

Psychology, vol. 29, October 2008, pp. 737-66.

Lawrence Harrison, Underdevelopment is a State of Mind.

17

Edward Banfield, The Moral Basis of a Backward Society.

Arturo Escobar, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World.

10. CONSTRUCTIVISM AND FEMINIST THEORY (11/22)

Ian Hacking, The Social Construction of What?, chapters 1-2.

Ted Hopf, Social Construction of International Politics: Identities and Foreign Policies, Moscow,

1955 and 1999, pp. 278-95.

Ronald Krebs, Fighting for Rights: Military Service and the Politics of Citizenship. pp. 19-30

("Rethinking Rhetoric").

Alexander Wendt, *Social Theory of International Politics, (JZ1251 .W46 1999), chapter 6

("Three Cultures of Anarchy)".

Dale Copeland, "The Constructivist Challenge to Structural Realism: A Review Essay,"

International Security, vol. 25, Fall 2000, pp. 187-212.

Bruce Cronin, Community Under Anarchy, chapters 1-2, 3, 4, or 5, and 6.

Martha Finnemore, The Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs About the Use of Force, ch. 2.

Alastair Iain Johnston, Social States, ch. 1.

Thomas Risse, Stephen Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink, eds., The Power of Human Rights, ch. 1

(“The Socialization of Human Rights Norms into Domestic Practices”).

Stacie Goddard, "When Right Makes Might: How Prussia Overturned the European Balance of

Power," IS, vol. 33, Winter 2008/09, pp. 110-42.

Dale Miller, "The Norm of Self-Interest," American Psychologist, vol. 54, December 1999. pp.

1053-60 (if you like this also read Jonathan Haidt, "The Emotional Dog and Its

Rationalist Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment,” Psychological

Review, vol. 108, 2001, pp. 814-34).

Darren Hawkins, "Explaining Costly International Institutions: Persuasion and Enforceable

Human Rights Norms," ISQ, vol. 48, December 2004, pp. 779-804.

Andreas Bieler and Adam David Morton, "The Deficits of Discourse in IPE," ISQ, vol. 52,

March 2008, pp. 103-28.

Stephen Castle and Dan Bilefsky, "At Talk on Europe's Charter, a Crisis Averted, for Now," New

York Times. June 23, 2007.

Heikki Patomaki and Colin Wight, "After Postpositivsm? The Promises of Critical Realism,"

ISQ, vol. 44, June 2000, pp. 213-37.

Hayward Alker, "Beneath Tit-for-Tat: The Contest of Political Economy Fairy Tales within SPD

Protocols," in Alker, Rediscoveries and Reformulations, pp. 303-31.

Richard Ned Lebow, Coercion, Cooperation. and Ethics in International Affairs, ch. 9.

U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Terminology to Define the Terrorists

Recommendations from American Muslims," January 2008,

online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/gloview.pdf

Demetri Sevastopulo, "Security Chief Decries 'War on Terror," Financial Times, May 28, 2008

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/4dc6d834-2ce2-11dd-88c6-

000077b07658.html?nclick_check=1

18

Richard Hermann, Pierangelo Isernia, and Paolo Segatti, “Attachment to the Nation and IR:

Dimensions of Identity and Their Relationship to War and Peace,” Political Psychology,

vol. 30, October 2009, pp. 721-54.

Birgit Locher and Elizabeth Prugl, "Feminism and Constructivism: Worlds Apart or Sharing the

Middle Ground?" ISQ, vol. 45, March 2001, pp. 111-29.

Emily Rosenberg, "Revisiting Dollar Diplomacy," Diplomatic History, vol. 22, Spring 1998, pp.

156-76 (discussion of this article is archived at the H-DIPLO website).

J. Ann Tickner, "What is Your Research Program? Some Feminist Answers to IR

Methodological Questions," ISQ, vol. 49, March 2005, pp. 1-22.

R. Charli Carpenter, "Gender Theory in World Politics: Contributions of a Nonfeminist

Standpoint?" International Studies Review, vol. 4, Fall 2002, pp. 153-65.

Valerie Hudson, “Sex, War and Peace,” Political Psychology, vol. 31, Feb. 2010, pp. 33-39 (for

more detail, see Hudson, et. al., “The Heart of the Matter: The Security of Women and

the Security of States,” IS, vol. 33, Winter 2008/09, pp. 7-45.

RECOMMENDED

Severine Autesserre, The Trouble with the Congo: Local Violence and the Failure of

International Peacebuilding.

Jan Selby, "Engaging Foucault," International Relations, vol. 21, September 2007, pp. 259-83.

Richard Price, "Moral Limits and Possibility in World Politics," IO, vol. 62, Spring 2008, pp.

191-220.

Forum on Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics, in Review of International Studies, vol.

26, Jan. 2000, pp. 125-80: comments by Keohane, Krasner, Doty, Alker, Smith, and

Wendt.

Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink, "Taking Stock: The Constructivist Research Program in

IR and Comparative Politics," Annual Review of Political Science, vol. 4, 2001, pp. 391-

416.

John Ruggie, "What Makes the World Hang Together? Neo-Utilitarianism and the Social

Constructivist Challenge," introduction to Ruggie, Constructing the World Polity: Essays

on International Institutionalization, pp. 1-39.

Friedrich Kratochwil, "Constructing a New Orthodoxy? Wendt's 'Social Theory of International

Politics' and the Constructivist Challenge," Millennium, vol. 29, No. 1, 2000, pp. 73-101.

Frank Ninkovich, "No Post-Mortems for Postmodernism, Please," Diplomatic History, vol. 22,

Summer 1998, pp. 451-66.

Stacie Goddard and Daniel Nexon, "Paradigm Lost? Reassessing Theory of International

Politics," European Journal of International relations. vol. 11, March 2005, pp. 9-61.

James Fearon and Alexander Wendt, "Rationalism v. Constructivism: A Skeptical View," in

Walter Carlesnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons, Handbook of IR.

Ronen Palan, "A World of Theory Making: An Evaluation of the Constructivist Critique in

International Relations," Review of International Studies, vol. 26, October 2000, pp. 575-

98.

Vincent Pouliot, "'Sobjectivism': Toward a Constructivist Methodology," ISQ, vol. 51, June

19

2007, pp. 359-84.

Jonathan Crystal, "What do Producers Want? On the Origins of Societal Policy Preferences,"

European Journal of International Relations, vol. 9, September 2003, pp. 407-39.

Risse, Thomas. 2000. "'Let's Argue:' Communicative Action in World Politics." International

Organization, vol.54, no.1 (Winter 2000), pp. 1-39.

Checkel, Jeffrey T. 1998. "The Constructivist Turn in International Relations Theory." World

Politics, vol.50, no.2 (January 1998); pp. 324-348.

Adler, Emanuel. 1997. "Seizing the Middle Ground: Constructivism in World Politics."

European Journal of International Relations (London), vol.3, no.3 (September 1997), pp.

319-363.

Wæver, Ole. 1999. "The Sociology of a Not So International Discipline: American and

European Developments in International Relations," International Organization vol.52,

no.4 (Autumn 1998), pp. 687-727. In Exploration and Contestation in the Study of

World Politics, edited by Peter Katzenstein, Robert O. Keohane, and Stephen D. Krasner.

Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999: 47-87. [JZ1242 .E98 1999]

Jorg Friedrichs, European Approaches to IR Theory.

Finnemore, Martha and Kathryn Sikkink. 1999. "International Norm Dynamics and Political

Change." (IO 1998: 887-917.) In Katzenstein et al, eds. 1999: 247-277.

March, James G. and Johan P. Olsen. 1999. "The Institutional Dynamics of International

Political Orders." (IO 1998: 943-69.) In Katzenstein et al, eds. 1999: 303-329.

Dessler, David. 1989. "What's at Stake in the Agent-Structure Debate?" International

Organization, vol.43, no.3 (Summer 1989), pp. 441-473.

Carlnaes, Walter. "The Agency-Structure Problem in Foreign Policy Analysis." International

Studies Quarterly 36, Sept 1992, pp. 245-70.

Hollis, Martin and Smith, Steve. "Two Stories about Structure and Agency." Review of

International Studies 20, July 1994, pp. 241-51.

Hopf, Ted. "The Promise of Constructivism in IR Theory." International Security, vol. 23,

Summer 1998, pp. 171-200.

Mercer, Jonathan. 1995. "Anarchy and Identity." International Organization, vol.49, no.2

(Spring 1995), pp. 229-252.

Kier, Elizabeth, Imagining War: French and British Military Doctrine Between the Wars

(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997) [UA700 .K54]

Douglas Porch, "Military 'Culture' and the Fall of France in 1940: A Review Essay," International

Security, vol. 24, Spring 2000, pp. 157-80.

Katzenstein, Peter J. Cultural Norms and National Security: Police and Military in Postwar

Japan (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996), [UA854 .K376 1996].

Johnston, Alaistair I. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History

(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995), [DS753 .J64 1995].

Klotz, Audie, Norms in International Politics.

Michael Barnett, Dialogues in Arab Politics.

Kratochwil, Friedrich. Rules, Norms and Decisions.

Nicholas Onuf, World of Our Making: Rules and Rule in Social Theory and International

Relations.

20

Reus-Smit, Christian. "The Constitutional Structure of International Society and the Nature of

Fundamental Institutions." International Organization (Aut 1997), V. 51, 7, pp. 555-90.

Sylvester, Christine. Feminist Theory and International Relations in a Postmodern Era

(Cambridge UP, 1994).

Price, Richard. "Reversing the Gun Sights." International Organization, V.52 (Summer 1998)

pp. 613-44.

Michael Desch, "Culture Clash: Assessing the Importance of Ideas in Security Studies,"

International Security, vol. 23, Summer 1998, pp. 141-70.

Catherine Scott, "Bound for Glory: The Hostage Crisis as Captivity Narrative in Iran," ISQ, vol.

44, March 2000, pp. 177-88.

Leonard Schoppa, "The Social Context in Coercive International Bargaining," IO, vol. 53, Spring

1999, pp. 307-42.

Theo Farrell, The Norms of War: Cultural Beliefs and Modern Conflict.

Barak Mendelsohn, "English School, American Style: Testing the Preservation-seeking Quality

of the International Society," EJIR, vol. 15, June 2009, pp. 291-318.

Ann Tickner, "You Just Don't Understand: Troubled Encounters Between Feminists and IR

Scholars," ISQ, vol. 41, December 1997, pp. 611-32, and the exchange among Keohane,

Marchand, and Tickner in ISQ, vol. 42, March 1998, pp. 193-210.

R. Charli Carpenter, "'Women and Children First': Gender, Norms, and Humanitarian Evacuation

in the Balkans 1991-95," IO, vol 57, Fall 2003, pp. 661-94 (for a rebuttal, see Laura

Sjoberg, "Gendered Realities of the Immunity Principle: Why Gender Analysis Needs

Feminism, ISQ, col. 50, December 2006, pp. 889-910).

Susan Sell and Aseem Pakash, "Using Ideas Strategically: The Contest Between Business and

NGO Networks in Intellectual Property Rights," ISQ, vol 48, March 2004, pp. 143-76.

Brooke Ackerly, Maria Stern, and Jacqui True, ed., Feminist Methodologies for IR.

11. GAME THEORY AND RATIONAL CHOICE (11/29)

Thomas Schelling, "Game Theory: A Practitioner’s Approach," Economics and Philosophy, vol.

26, 1010, pp. 27-46.

*David Kreps, Game Theory and Economic Modeling (all, but esp. chapter 3).

James Fearon, "Rationalist Explanations for War," IO, vol. 49, Summer 1995, pp. 379-414 (for a

good critique, see Jonathan Kirschner, “Rationalist Explanations for War?” Security

Studies, vol. 10, Autumn 2000, pp. 143-50.

Erik Gartzke, "War Is in the Error Term," IO, vol. 53, Summer 1999, pp. 567-587.

Rupen Cetinyan, "Ethnic Bargaining in the Shadow of Third-Party Intervention," IO, vol. 56,

Summer 2002, pp. 645-77.

Donald Green and Ian Shapiro, Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory, chapter 1 ("The Nature of

Rational Choice Theory") (JA73 .G74 1994)

Morris Fiorina, "Rational Choice, Empirical Contributions, and the Scientific Enterprise," in

21

Jeffrey Friedman ed., The Rational Choice Controversy, pp. 85-94. (JA71 .R295 1996)

(first published in Critical Review vol. 9, nos. 1-2).

Neil Smelser, "The Rational Choice Perspective," Rationality and Society, vol. 4, October 1992,

pp. 381-410.

George Downs and David Rocke, Optimal Imperfection? Domestic Uncertainty and Institutions

in International Relations, chapter 3.

Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, et al., "Testing Novel Implications from the Selectorate Theory of

War," World Politics, vol. 56, April 2004, pp. 363-88.

Kenneth Shepsle, "Representation and Governance: The Great Legislative Trade-Off," Political

Science Quarterly, vol. 103, Fall 1988, pp. 461-84.

Kenneth Shepsle, "Studying Institutions: Some Lessons from the Rational Choice Approach,"

Journal of Theoretical Politics, vol. 1, April 1989, pp. 131-47.

Amartya Sen, "Rational Fools: A Critique of the Behavioural Foundations of Economic Theory,"

Philosophy and Public Affairs, vol. 6, Summer 1997, pp. 317-44.

James Q. Wilson, "The Moral Sense," APSR, vol. 87, March 1993, pp. 1-11.

Barry Schwartz, "Money for Nothing," New York Times, July 2, 2007

Robert Jervis, "Rational Deterrence: Theory and Evidence," World

Politics, vol. 41, January 1989, pp. 143-207.

George Downs, "The Rational Deterrence Debate," World Politics,

vol. 41, January 1989, pp. 225-38.

Robert Jervis, "Comments for Rational Choice Symposium," MS.

RECOMMENDED

Robert Powell, "War as a Commitment Problem," IO, vol. 60, Winter 2006, pp. 169-203.

R. Harrison Wagner, "Bargaining and War," American Journal of Political Science, vol. 44, July

2000, pp. 469-84.

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12. SYSTEMS, BALANCE OF POWER, AND STRATEGIC INTERACTION (12/6)

Robert Jervis, *System Effects.

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RECOMMENDED

Thomas Schelling, Strategy of Conflict (BF637 .N4 .S3) and Arms and Influence.

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R. Harrison Wagner, "The Theory of Games and the Balance of Power," World Politics, vol. 38,

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Stephen Walt, Revolution and War, chapter 2.

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Robert Waite, "Leadership Pathologies: The Kaiser and the Fuhrer and the Decisions for War in

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RECOMMENDED

Harrison Wagner, "Bargaining and War," American Journal of Political Science, vol. 44, July

2000, pp. 469-84.

Levy, Jack. "The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace." In Polsby, Nelson, ed., Annual

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Coser, Lewis. The Functions of Social Conflict.

Walzer, Michael. Just and Unjust Wars.

Levy, Jack. War and the Modern Great Power System.

North, Robert. and N. Choucri, Nations in Conflict.

Holsti, Kal. Peace and War.

Mansfield, Edward. Power, Trade and War.

Boulding, Kenneth. Conflict and Defense.

Richardson, Lewis. Arms Races and Insecurity.

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Mueller, John. Retreat from Doomsday.

Powell, Robert. Nuclear Deterrence Theory and the Problem of Credibility.

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Morgan, Clifford. Untying the Knot of War.